CN101645505A - High-capacity iron electrode material - Google Patents

High-capacity iron electrode material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101645505A
CN101645505A CN200810046446A CN200810046446A CN101645505A CN 101645505 A CN101645505 A CN 101645505A CN 200810046446 A CN200810046446 A CN 200810046446A CN 200810046446 A CN200810046446 A CN 200810046446A CN 101645505 A CN101645505 A CN 101645505A
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Prior art keywords
iron
electrode material
capacity
iron electrode
rare earth
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CN200810046446A
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CN101645505B (en
Inventor
陶明大
何秀能
潘唯
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Baosheng Group Co. Ltd.
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CHENGDU HENENG SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Priority to CN2008100464462A priority Critical patent/CN101645505B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2009/074708 priority patent/WO2010060333A1/en
Publication of CN101645505A publication Critical patent/CN101645505A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/38Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/624Electric conductive fillers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention provides a high-capacity iron electrode material, which is characterized by consisting of an active matter and an additive. The active matter is iron or a compound of iron and comprisesone or more of Fe3O4, Fe(OH)2, Fe(OH)3, Fe2O3, reduced iron powder, and carbonyl iron powder; and the additive comprises 1) 1 to 10 percent of rare earth oxides and 2) 1 to 3 percent of nickel hydroxide or saturated nickel sulfate solution, wherein the rare earth oxides comprise one or more of La2O3, CeO2, Nd2O3, Pr2O3, Y2O3, Gd2O3, Sm2O3 and the like. The iron electrode material has the advantages that: 1) poisonous heavy metals (such as Hg, Cd, Pb and the like) are not added, so that the iron electrode material is an environmental protection type electrode material; 2) precious metals (suchas In, Ga and the like) are not added, so the cost of the iron electrode material is extremely low; and 3) the capacity of the active matter of the electrode exceeds 400mAh/g. The material is used formanufacturing high-energy environment-protecting iron-nickel batteries.

Description

High-capacity iron electrode material
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of iron electrode material, particularly relate to a kind of high-capacity iron electrode material, this electrode material is used to make high-energy environmental protection Hawkins cell.
Background technology
Hawkins cell is that Edison was invention in 1900.1910 between nineteen sixty, Hawkins cell is widely used in traction locomotive as electrical source of power.But after nineteen sixty, people reduce to some extent to the research of Hawkins cell, and main cause is that ickel-cadmium cell has than iron nickel more performance.Along with the continuous progress of society, people are also more and more higher to requirement on environmental protection, and originally ickel-cadmium cell that heavy metal pollution is arranged of Cai Yonging and lead-acid battery will be replaced by the battery of environment-friendly type, and Hawkins cell has just in time satisfied this requirement.
Hawkins cell belongs to the environmental protection secondary cell, this battery be compound with iron or iron as negative electrode active material, hickelous nydroxide is a positive active material, NaOH (potassium) aqueous solution is electrolyte.According to preparation technology's difference of electrode, Hawkins cell is divided into two types on bag-type battery and board-like battery.The characteristics of bag-type battery are that the life-span is very long, but specific energy is lower, and board-like battery is just in time opposite, and relative pocket type of life-span will hang down, but specific energy is higher.Compare with ickel-cadmium cell with traditional lead-acid battery, Hawkins cell has tangible advantage: does not pollute environment (1).Poisonous heavy metal elements such as the used material of Hawkins cell is all not mercurous, lead and cadmium do not have poisonous gas and water generates yet in the production process.(2) life-span is very long.The life-span of ickel-cadmium cell is greater than 500 times, and the life-span of lead-acid battery is greater than 250 times, and the life-span of board-like Hawkins cell can surpass 900 times, and the life-span of pocket type Hawkins cell can reach 2000-4000 time, and can reach 10-25 service time.(3) theoretical specific energy height.The positive pole of Hawkins cell is anodal identical with ickel-cadmium cell and Ni-H cell, but the theoretical capacity of the ferroelectric utmost point is 2.67 times of cadmium electrode theoretical capacity up to 1280mAh/g, is 3.56 times of metal hydride cell theoretical capacity.(4) moderate cost.In all electrode materials, the price of iron is the most cheap.Compare with lithium ion battery with Ni-H cell, Hawkins cell also has the very low characteristics of price.Compare with lead-acid battery, though the price of Hawkins cell is high slightly, the life-span of its overlength can remedy this part price that exceeds fully.But yet there are some problems in Hawkins cell, comprising: the self discharge of (1) battery is big.(2) heavy-current discharge and low temperature performance are relatively poor.(3) charge efficiency of battery is lower.(4) active material utilization of the ferroelectric utmost point is low.Generally has only 10-20%.This has just greatly limited the raising of Hawkins cell specific energy.These problems all cause owing to the ferroelectric utmost point.Patent CN1532965A has proposed a kind of method that overcomes ferroelectric utmost point shortcoming, is to put into Al-Sn-Ga in ferroelectric adding in extremely.Kind electrode has lower self discharge and higher charge efficiency, but discharge capacity has only 180mAh/g, can not satisfy the needs of high energy battery, and is added with this precious metal element of Ga in the electrode, and the cost of electrode is also higher.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the low problem of ferroelectric utmost point active material utilization, provide a kind of high power capacity iron electrode material, the kind electrode material capacity surpasses 400mAh/g, and need not add noble metal, does not also have the pollution of heavy metal.
High-capacity iron electrode material of the present invention is made up of active material and additive.The composition of active material is the compound of iron or iron, comprises Fe 3O 4, Fe (OH) 2, Fe (OH) 3, Fe 2O 3, reduced iron powder, one or more in the carbonyl iron dust; Additive comprises: 1) content is the rare earth oxide of 1-10%, and rare earth oxide comprises La 2O 3, CeO 2, Nd 2O 3, Pr 2O 3, Y 2O 3, Gd 2O 3, Sm 2O 3Deng in one or more, 2) content is hickelous nydroxide or the saturated nickel sulfate solution of 1-3%.Because directly the iron compound impurity content of buying is higher, active very poor, therefore generally need preparation voluntarily.Illustrate active material Fe 3O 4The preparation method: (1) is with purifying waste water and technical grade ferrous sulfate preparation density is 1.24-1.26g/cm 3Copperas solution.(2) preparing density with purifying waste water with technical grade NaOH is 1.13-1.15g/cm 3Sodium hydroxide solution.(3) copperas solution is heated to 90-98 ℃, the mode of sodium hydroxide solution with spray joined in the copperas solution, in solution, blast air simultaneously.(4) treat that sodium hydroxide solution adds after, add the acetylene black of ferrous sulfate content 1-5%, blast air half an hour again.(5) filter the slurry of gained with canvas of chemical fibre, and with the extremely sulfur-bearing acid group not of washing precipitation of purifying waste water.(6) will precipitate oven dry after, be put under 780-880 ℃ the condition and reduce.(7) material after will reducing was crushed to 20 mesh sieves, obtained needed ferroelectric utmost point active material.
Compare with the common ferroelectric utmost point, the advantage of the ferroelectric utmost point of the present invention is the capacity height, surpasses 400mAh/g.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: high-capacity iron electrode material and common iron electrode material are at 25 ℃ of following 0.2C (60mA/g) discharge curve.
Embodiment
Embodiment: the chemical composition of high-capacity iron electrode material of the present invention is:
The Fe that makes by above-mentioned side 3O 4Content is 88-92%, and the content of yittrium oxide is 3-5%., and the content of saturated nickel sulfate solution is 1-3%, and the content of graphite powder is 2-5%.
The preparation method of the ferroelectric utmost point is: (1) takes by weighing a certain amount of Fe 3O 4, press Fe 3O 4Amount place the yittrium oxide of 3-5%.(2) in dry powder, add the nickelous sulfate saturated solution of 1-3% and the graphite powder of 2-5%.(3) adding a certain amount of concentration again is the 5-10%PVA binding agent, after stirring, slurry is coated on the negative current collector (collector be in nickel foam, foam iron or the nickel plating Punching steel strip a kind of).(4) with after the electrode oven dry, the pressure with 24MPa on hydraulic press is molded with electrode.
The ferroelectric utmost point discharge and recharge test: with the above-mentioned ferroelectric utmost point that makes as work electrode, sintered type hydroxide nickel electrode is an auxiliary electrode, and the capacity of auxiliary electrode is considerably beyond the capacity of the ferroelectric utmost point, therefore can be with auxiliary electrode as reference electrode, electrolyte is the 6mol/L KOH solution (LiOH.H that wherein contains 15g/L 2O), barrier film is a polypropylene mat.Electrochemical property test equipment is homemade DC-5 type battery performance test instrument.The activation system is to activate 6 times with 0.2C earlier, and ambient temperature is 25 ℃ ± 5 ℃.0.2C during activation, charging current is 100mA/g, charging 6h, and discharging current is 60mA/g, and the discharge stopping potential is 1.0V.The 6th time discharge capacity is the capacity of electrode.
As can be seen from Figure 1, iron electrode material of the present invention surpasses 400mAh/g 25 ℃ of following 0.2C discharge capacities, and common iron electrode material discharge capacity is 187mAh/g.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of high-capacity iron electrode material is characterized in that: this iron electrode material is made up of active material and additive.The composition of active material is the compound of iron or iron.Additive comprises: 1) content is the rare earth oxide of 1-10%, and rare earth oxide comprises La 2O 3, CeO 2, Nd 2O 3, Pr 2O 3, Y 2O 3, Gd 2O 3, Sm 2O 3Deng in one or more; 2) content is hickelous nydroxide or the saturated nickel sulfate solution of 1-3%.
2, high-capacity iron electrode material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: active material can be Fe 3O 4, Fe (OH) 2, Fe (OH) 3, Fe 2O 3, reduced iron powder, one or more in the carbonyl iron dust.
3, high-capacity iron electrode material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the KOH aqueous solution that its used electrolyte is 6mol/L wherein is added with the LiOH.H of 15g/L 2O.
CN2008100464462A 2008-11-03 2008-11-03 High-capacity iron electrode material Active CN101645505B (en)

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CN2008100464462A CN101645505B (en) 2008-11-03 2008-11-03 High-capacity iron electrode material
PCT/CN2009/074708 WO2010060333A1 (en) 2008-11-03 2009-10-30 Iron electrode material with high capacity

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CN101645505B CN101645505B (en) 2011-06-22

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102623757A (en) * 2012-04-17 2012-08-01 河南创力新能源科技有限公司 Iron-nickel storage battery adopting steel-strip iron electrode as cathode and preparation method of iron-nickel storage battery
CN102623712A (en) * 2012-04-17 2012-08-01 河南创力新能源科技有限公司 Foamed iron electrode and preparation method thereof
CN102623758A (en) * 2012-04-17 2012-08-01 河南创力新能源科技有限公司 Iron-nickel storage battery adopting foamed nickel or iron-type iron electrode as cathode and preparation method of iron-nickel storage battery
CN102623710A (en) * 2012-04-17 2012-08-01 河南创力新能源科技有限公司 Foamed iron electrode and preparation method thereof
CN102623713A (en) * 2012-04-17 2012-08-01 河南创力新能源科技有限公司 Steel-strip iron electrode and preparation method thereof
CN102623759A (en) * 2012-04-17 2012-08-01 河南创力新能源科技有限公司 Iron-nickel storage battery adopting foamed-type iron electrode as cathode and preparation method of iron-nickel storage battery
CN102891292A (en) * 2012-09-24 2013-01-23 上海锦众信息科技有限公司 Method for preparing composite anode material of lithium-sulfur battery
CN103219494A (en) * 2013-03-31 2013-07-24 马军昌 Preparation method of graphite-ferroferric oxide composite cathode material
CN103579614A (en) * 2013-11-14 2014-02-12 哈尔滨工程大学 Preparation method of lithium ion battery cathode material composited by in-situ synthesis Fe-Fe3O4
CN105684209A (en) * 2013-09-23 2016-06-15 南加利福尼亚大学 A high efficiency nickel-iron battery
CN107068991A (en) * 2017-01-12 2017-08-18 四川大学 Iron electrode of the high coulombic efficiency low-temperature rate iron negative material and preparation method thereof with preparation
US10393688B2 (en) * 2011-05-13 2019-08-27 Seiko Epson Corporation Sensor device
CN110931269A (en) * 2019-12-09 2020-03-27 河南创力新能源科技股份有限公司 Capacitive iron-nickel battery iron electrode
CN112635715A (en) * 2020-12-18 2021-04-09 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 Lithium ion battery anode slurry, and homogenizing method and application thereof

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EP2721688B1 (en) 2011-06-15 2018-02-28 University of Southern California High efficiency iron electrode and additives for use in rechargeable iron-based batteries
US11611115B2 (en) 2017-12-29 2023-03-21 Form Energy, Inc. Long life sealed alkaline secondary batteries
MX2021000733A (en) 2018-07-27 2021-05-12 Form Energy Inc Negative electrodes for electrochemical cells.

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US4021911A (en) * 1976-01-07 1977-05-10 Viktor Evmenievich Kononenko Method for producing an iron electrode for an alkaline accumulator
US4123568A (en) * 1976-06-01 1978-10-31 Viktor Evmenievich Kononenko Method of manufacturing an iron electrode for alkaline accumulators
DE2837980C2 (en) * 1978-08-31 1983-11-10 Gerhard Dr. 7301 Deizisau Berger Activation additive for iron electrodes in alkaline batteries
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US10393688B2 (en) * 2011-05-13 2019-08-27 Seiko Epson Corporation Sensor device
CN102623710B (en) * 2012-04-17 2014-07-23 河南创力新能源科技有限公司 Foamed iron electrode and preparation method thereof
CN102623713B (en) * 2012-04-17 2015-08-12 河南创力新能源科技股份有限公司 Steel-strip iron electrode and preparation method thereof
CN102623757B (en) * 2012-04-17 2014-07-09 河南创力新能源科技有限公司 Iron-nickel storage battery adopting steel-strip iron electrode as cathode and preparation method of iron-nickel storage battery
CN102623713A (en) * 2012-04-17 2012-08-01 河南创力新能源科技有限公司 Steel-strip iron electrode and preparation method thereof
CN102623759A (en) * 2012-04-17 2012-08-01 河南创力新能源科技有限公司 Iron-nickel storage battery adopting foamed-type iron electrode as cathode and preparation method of iron-nickel storage battery
CN102623757A (en) * 2012-04-17 2012-08-01 河南创力新能源科技有限公司 Iron-nickel storage battery adopting steel-strip iron electrode as cathode and preparation method of iron-nickel storage battery
CN102623710A (en) * 2012-04-17 2012-08-01 河南创力新能源科技有限公司 Foamed iron electrode and preparation method thereof
CN102623712A (en) * 2012-04-17 2012-08-01 河南创力新能源科技有限公司 Foamed iron electrode and preparation method thereof
CN102623758A (en) * 2012-04-17 2012-08-01 河南创力新能源科技有限公司 Iron-nickel storage battery adopting foamed nickel or iron-type iron electrode as cathode and preparation method of iron-nickel storage battery
CN102623759B (en) * 2012-04-17 2014-11-05 河南创力新能源科技有限公司 Iron-nickel storage battery adopting foamed-type iron electrode as cathode and preparation method of iron-nickel storage battery
CN102891292A (en) * 2012-09-24 2013-01-23 上海锦众信息科技有限公司 Method for preparing composite anode material of lithium-sulfur battery
CN103219494A (en) * 2013-03-31 2013-07-24 马军昌 Preparation method of graphite-ferroferric oxide composite cathode material
CN105684209A (en) * 2013-09-23 2016-06-15 南加利福尼亚大学 A high efficiency nickel-iron battery
CN103579614B (en) * 2013-11-14 2015-06-17 哈尔滨工程大学 Preparation method of lithium ion battery cathode material composited by in-situ synthesis Fe-Fe3O4
CN103579614A (en) * 2013-11-14 2014-02-12 哈尔滨工程大学 Preparation method of lithium ion battery cathode material composited by in-situ synthesis Fe-Fe3O4
CN107068991A (en) * 2017-01-12 2017-08-18 四川大学 Iron electrode of the high coulombic efficiency low-temperature rate iron negative material and preparation method thereof with preparation
CN110931269B (en) * 2019-12-09 2021-12-17 河南创力新能源科技股份有限公司 Capacitive iron-nickel battery iron electrode
CN110931269A (en) * 2019-12-09 2020-03-27 河南创力新能源科技股份有限公司 Capacitive iron-nickel battery iron electrode
CN112635715A (en) * 2020-12-18 2021-04-09 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 Lithium ion battery anode slurry, and homogenizing method and application thereof

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CN101645505B (en) 2011-06-22

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Assignee: Sichuan constant energy battery Co., Ltd.

Assignor: Chengdu Heneng Science and Technology Co., Ltd.

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Denomination of invention: High-capacity iron electrode material

Granted publication date: 20110622

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Assignee: SICHUAN JIANNENG POWER SUPPLY TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.

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Denomination of invention: High-capacity iron electrode material

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Address before: 610000 A310, No. 4 Xixin Avenue, Gaoxin West District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province

Patentee before: Chengdu Heneng Science and Technology Co., Ltd.