CN101643901B - Alloy coating for crystallizer surface laser cladding and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Alloy coating for crystallizer surface laser cladding and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101643901B CN101643901B CN2008100126625A CN200810012662A CN101643901B CN 101643901 B CN101643901 B CN 101643901B CN 2008100126625 A CN2008100126625 A CN 2008100126625A CN 200810012662 A CN200810012662 A CN 200810012662A CN 101643901 B CN101643901 B CN 101643901B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of laser cladding, in particular to an alloy coating for crystallizer surface laser cladding and a preparation method thereof. The componenst of the alloy coating are prepared according to the mechanical property and effectiveness condition of the crystallizer and the characteristics of crystallizer surface laser cladding. The alloy coating is prepared from nickel-based self-melt alloy powder comprising the following elements in percentage by mass: Ni 55-57, Cr 16-19, W 8-10, Mo 8-10, Al 0.8-1.0, Ti 2.5-3.5, C 0.2-0.3, Si 2.5-3.5 and B 2-2.5. After being clad by laser, the crystallizer surface has a high-quality coating, thereby meeting the requirements of a crystallizer on a basic performance of quick heat conduction on one hand and increasing the wear resistance and hot erosion resistance of the crystallizer surface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser melting and coating technique, specifically is alloy coat of a kind of crystallizer surface laser cladding and preparation method thereof, this coating have high abrasion, heat-resisting erosion and with performances such as base material high-bond.
Background technology
Crystallizer is the key part of continuous casting steel in the steel-making, and molten steel is by crystallizer surface cooling and directly cast out steel billet continuously during continuous casting, and the quality of crystallizer directly influences surface quality of continuously cast slab, continuous caster operating rate and continuously cast bloom cost and tapping tonnage etc.The development of high-efficient continuous casting technology is had higher requirement to the crystallizer quality, and high strength, high-wearing feature, erosion resistance and good thermal conductivity become the important indicator of weighing the crystallizer quality.At present, crystallizer surface being handled technology commonly used has: technique for overlaying, fusion techniques, plating, electroless plating, thermospray, nonmetal coating technology, physics and chemical vapour deposition, thermo-chemical treatment etc.Though yet surface treatment methods such as the plating of widespread use, electroless plating, thermospray can improve the wear resistance of copper plate of crystallizer, but because the coating and the matrix of preparation are mechanical bond, rather than metallurgical binding, regular meeting in the crystallizer use causes that scrapping with continuous casting of copper plate of crystallizer stops production because thermal fatigue coating is easy to peel off peeling; That coating exists is loose, pore, defective such as be mingled with, remarkably influenced coating performance and work-ing life.
In recent years, high-power CO has appearred
2Laser apparatus carries out the research of laser melting and coating process on the copper plate of crystallizer surface; The laser melting coating coated with wear-resisting alloy that obtains is a metallurgical binding, compares with coatings such as plating, thermosprays, has the bonding strength height, crucible zone is organized fine and closely woven uniform characteristics.Yet, present coating only is made up of some conventional laser melting coating powder, as Ni60, and Ni1015 etc., when the cladding of crystallizer surface big area, there are defectives such as crackle, pore, or have problems such as alloy coat and matrix cladding poor performance, melting and coating process instability; Have during application coating abrasion performance poor, the specific performance performance such as peel off.
Summary of the invention
For deficiency such as overcome cracking, the pore that above-mentioned crystallizer coating exists and wear no resistance, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of laser melting coating crystallizer alloy coat, satisfy exploitativeness that crystallizer surface carries out laser melting and coating process (having avoided the generation of crackle, pore), the laser cladding coating of Huo Deing satisfies the crystallizer bad working environment simultaneously, finally can improve the performance and the work-ing life of crystallizer.
Technical scheme of the present invention comprises:
Coating: by mass percentage, composition is made up of Ni55～57, Cr16～19, W8～10, Mo8～10, Al 0.8～1.0, Ti2.5～3.5, C0.2～0.3, Si2.5～3.5 and B 2～2.5.
Preparation coating process: heat to 450 ℃-600 ℃ to crystallizer and to carry out thermal pretreatment; Adopt nickel base self-fluxing alloy powder to prepare coating; By mass percentage, get Ni55～57, Cr16～19, W8～10, Mo8～10, Al0.8～1.0, Ti2.5～3.5, C0.2～0.3, Si2.5～3.5 and B2～2.5, adopt the coaxial powder-feeding mode, under protection gas, deliver to crystallizer surface.Powder feeding is the CO of 4.5KW～5.5KW simultaneously with power
2Laser beam focuses on crystallizer surface, and melted alloy powder under the laser beam effect makes the powdered alloy of fusing combine with crystallizer surface, forms coating; Cladding post crystallization device furnace cooling;
Wherein said coat-thickness is 0.3～0.5mm; Protection gas is the air curtain type structure, carrying the peripheral formation of powder airflow layer, is used for carrying a powder air-flow second-compressed, realizes that the height of powder converges.
1) working conditions of crystallizer and failure modes analysis
The copper plate of crystallizer working-surface contacts with 1530～1570 ℃ molten steel, 30～40 ℃ water coolant is passed through at the copper coin back side, therefore have very big thermograde and thermal stresses on copper coin, coating and copper coin are peeled off, are come off under the effect of thermal stresses, influence the surface quality of steel billet.Under molten steel high temperature souring, coating abrasion also becomes the reason that crystallizer is changed.Therefore, metal-powder choose the working conditions that must satisfy crystallizer, improve the work-ing life of crystallizer.
2) analyze of the influence of coating alloy powder to the microstructure and property of coating
Present embodiment adopts mixing rule (Voight model) to carry out the reckoning of physical parameter.
p＝p
cf
c+p
mf
m+......
In the formula, p
c, p
m... be respectively the pairing physicals of various elements, f
c, f
mBe respectively the massfraction of this kind element.According to the mechanical property requirement of crystallizer, consider the manufacturability of laser melting coating, configuration powdered alloy composition and ratio at crystallizer surface to surperficial alloy coat.Because Ni and Cu can generate unlimited solid solution, so the alloy coat powder chooses the Ni based powders, and the required hardness of alloy coat is 〉=HV
0.1300, so the content of C can be chosen in 0.2～0.3wt% in the coating; According to the content of W in the thermospray wear resistant alloy powders, the content of choosing W is 8～10wt%, and W can form WC with C and have very high hardness and wear resistance; The Cr element solid solution had both played the solid solution effect to crystal in the face-centered cubic crystal of Ni, again coating is played passivation, and the selection of Cr constituent content can be chosen in 16～19wt% according to content in the austenitic stainless steel; Al and Cr, Si share, and can significantly improve the high temperature non-scale performance and the high-temperature corrosion resistance ability of coating, and the content of Al generally is no more than 1wt%; Mo has the effect of crystal grain thinning, keeps enough intensity and creep resisting abilities when high temperature, can select higher content according to the working conditions of crystallizer coating, so the content of Mo is 8～10wt%; The adding of Ti can make the coating structure densification, and can avoid taking place intergranular corrosion, because the price of Ti powder is higher, therefore only need be chosen in 2.5～3.5wt% and gets final product; The adding of Si, B can improve alloy coat forming technology performance, Si, B element are on the one hand as reductor with from flux, increase wettability, improve the hardness and the wear resistance of coating on the other hand by solution strengthening and dispersion-strengthened, the content of Si, B is that conventional self-fluxing alloyed powder content is respectively: Si2.5～3.5wt% and B2～2.5wt%.More than analyze, the composition and the ratio (wt%) of design alloy powder art are: Ni55～57, Cr16～19, W8～10, Mo8～10, Al 0.8～1.0, Ti2.5～3.5, C0.2～0.3, Si2.5～3.5, B2～2.5.
3) coating performance detects
Preparation according to above analysis and powdered alloy, mode with laser melting coating obtains alloy coat at crystallizer surface, carry out the macro morphology check of coating then, observe coated shape, surface and inside and whether have pore and crackle, analyze the microstructure of coating then, the physical and mechanical properties to coating detects at last.
The present invention has following advantage:
Alloy coat of the present invention is made of Ni base self-fluxing alloyed powder, its proportioning components consider that crystallizer requires the mechanical property of surperficial alloy coat and laser melting coating in the manufacturability on crystallizer (copper alloy) surface, make in the laser cladding process, the copper base fusion character of powder in this alloy coat and crystallizer is good, the alloy coat pore-free that obtains, be mingled with, defective such as crackle, surfacing is bright and clean; Crucible zone hardness reaches HV
0.1More than 300.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 coating of the present invention and crystallizer matrix surface junction SEM pattern.
The SEM pattern of Fig. 2 coating of the present invention.
Fig. 3 crystallizer matrix of the present invention is to the Hardness Distribution of coatingsurface.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing invention is further specified
The ratio of present embodiment powdered alloy (mass percent) is: Ni57, Cr16, W8.5, Mo9.3, Al 0.9, Ti3.0, C0.3, Si2.5, B 2.5.Adopt atomization to produce this kind powdered alloy, the particles of powder degree is-the 100+325 order.
Preparation coating: crystallizer heated to 450 ℃ carry out thermal pretreatment; Adopt nickel base self-fluxing alloy powder to prepare coating; By mass percentage, get above-mentioned powdered alloy, adopt the coaxial powder-feeding mode, at N
2Deliver to crystallizer surface under the protection gas; Powder feeding is the CO of 5.5KW simultaneously with power
2Laser beam focuses on crystallizer surface, and melted alloy powder under the laser beam effect makes the powdered alloy of fusing combine with crystallizer surface, forms coating; Cladding post crystallization device furnace cooling;
Described coat-thickness is 0.5mm; Protection gas is the air curtain type structure, carrying the peripheral formation of powder airflow layer, is used for carrying a powder air-flow second-compressed, realizes that the height of powder converges.It is the CO of 6KW that present embodiment adopts rated output
2Laser apparatus.
Analyze by the microstructure that the present embodiment powdered alloy is prepared the crystallizer surface coating, the microstructure of its coating and base material junction is seen Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is as seen: the combination of coating and base material is a metallurgical binding, the coating alloy powder is diffused in the body material, junction pore-free, crackle and be mingled with.Explanation is adopted N in the process of cladding
2Protect quality to play effect to coating.Fig. 2 is the microstructure of coatingsurface, as can be seen from Figure 2 with the body material contact part 1., crystal grain is tiny, the mean sizes of crystal grain is 6 μ m after testing, major cause is that the heat conduction of body material is fast, the coating of melt surface is crystallization rapidly under the condition of bigger condensate depression, is dendritic growth.Along with the increase of base material distance, the decline of thermal conductivity, 2. crystal grain have certain growth.It can also be seen that from Fig. 2, be uniform-distribution with many hard particles in coating, this tissue plays effect to crystallizer coating high temperature wear resistant.
Matrix is detected to microhardness of coating, and detected result is seen Fig. 3.As can be seen from Figure 3 the microhardness of body material is HV
0.188.8 the microhardness mean value of alloy coat is HV
0.1306.1 the microhardness of zone of transition is: HV
0.1244.0 and HV
0.1298.8; From changes in hardness trend as can be seen: base material be coated with interlayer and have uniform transition layer, coating interalloy Elements Diffusion increases the microhardness of base material in body material.
The main technical details index for preparing the crystallizer laser cladding coating by present embodiment:
1. microhardness of coating: 〉=HV
0.1300
2. the stress of coating: 30～50MPa
3. the bonding force of coating and base material: 〉=200MPa
4. the tensile strength of coating: 〉=310MPa
Embodiment 2
Difference from Example 1 is:
Powdered alloy: by mass percentage, get Ni55, Cr18, W9, Mo8.0, Al 0.8, Ti3.5, C0.2, Si3.5 and B 2.
The preparation coating process: 600 ℃ of crystallizer preheating temperatures, by mass percentage, get described powdered alloy, powder feeding is the CO of 4.5KW simultaneously with power
2Laser beam focuses on crystallizer surface, and powdered alloy is combined with crystallizer surface, and forming thickness is the coating of 0.3mm.
Its result is referring to embodiment 1.
Claims (5)
1. the alloy coat of a crystallizer surface laser cladding is characterized in that: adopt nickel base self-fluxing alloy powder to prepare coating; By mass percentage, the coating composition is made up of Ni 55～57, Cr 16～19, W 8～10, Mo 8～10, Al 0.8～1.0, Ti 2.5～3.5, C 0.2～0.3, Si 2.5～3.5 and B 2～2.5.
2. the alloy coat of crystallizer surface laser cladding according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the granularity of powdered alloy is 100～325 orders.
3. the preparation method of the alloy coat of crystallizer surface laser cladding according to claim 1 is characterized in that: heat to 450 ℃-600 ℃ to crystallizer earlier and carry out thermal pretreatment; Adopt nickel base self-fluxing alloy powder to prepare coating again; By mass percentage, get Ni 55～57, Cr 16～19, W 8～10, Mo 8～10, Al 0.8～1.0, Ti 2.5～3.5, C 0.2～0.3, Si 2.5～3.5 and B 2～2.5, adopt the coaxial powder-feeding mode, under protection gas, deliver to crystallizer surface; Powder feeding is the CO of 4.5KW～5.5KW simultaneously with power
2Laser beam focuses on crystallizer surface, and melted alloy powder under the laser beam effect makes the powdered alloy of fusing combine with crystallizer surface, forms coating; Cladding post crystallization device furnace cooling.
4. the preparation method of the alloy coat of crystallizer surface laser cladding according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: wherein said coat-thickness is 0.3～0.5mm.
5. the preparation method of the alloy coat of crystallizer surface laser cladding according to claim 3 is characterized in that: protection gas is the air curtain type structure.
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| CN104561720B (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2017-02-01 | 上海工程技术大学 | Wear-resistant laser-clad coating material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105154877B (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2018-03-02 | 河北瑞驰伟业科技有限公司 | Copper matrix surface laser melting and coating process |
| CN106903281A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-06-30 | 河南蓝火激光科技有限公司 | A kind of wear-resistant gradient of resistance to heat etching coating crystallizer copper plate |
| CN107574434A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2018-01-12 | 张家港创博金属科技有限公司 | Nickel-base alloy surface laser restorative procedure |
| CN107574435A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2018-01-12 | 张家港创博金属科技有限公司 | Powder-feeding laser prepares corrosion resistant alloy coating process |
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| CN108611634A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-10-02 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | A kind of method that laser heating prepares skin layer |
| CN109536942B (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2023-11-21 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Laser cladding surface strengthening method for electric power connecting fitting |
| CN111118349B (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2021-03-30 | 阳江职业技术学院 | Reaction brazing coating process of ceramic phase nickel-based alloy composite coating |
| CN111575538B (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2021-06-15 | 中天上材增材制造有限公司 | High-tungsten-nickel-based alloy powder suitable for laser cladding |
| CN113234962A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-10 | 南昌大学 | Plasma cladding modified nickel-based high-temperature alloy coating for repairing surface and preparation method thereof |
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| US5077141A (en) * | 1984-12-06 | 1991-12-31 | Avco Corporation | High strength nickel base single crystal alloys having enhanced solid solution strength and methods for making same |
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