CN101639502B - System for automatically measuring charge distribution on surface of solid medium - Google Patents
System for automatically measuring charge distribution on surface of solid medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN101639502B CN101639502B CN2009100231880A CN200910023188A CN101639502B CN 101639502 B CN101639502 B CN 101639502B CN 2009100231880 A CN2009100231880 A CN 2009100231880A CN 200910023188 A CN200910023188 A CN 200910023188A CN 101639502 B CN101639502 B CN 101639502B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the testing field of discharge characteristics of solid insulating materials, relating to a system for automatically measuring charge distribution on the surface of a solid medium. The system comprises a stainless steel sealed chamber body, a high-voltage electrode, a grounding electrode, an electrostatic meter, a vacuum pump and a computer system thereof, wherein the stainless steel sealed chamber body is provided with a one-dimensional worktable and a two-dimensional worktable; a sample under test is fixed on the two-dimensional worktable; a electrostatic capacitance probe is arranged on the one-dimensional worktable; the electrostatic capacitance probe and the one-dimensional worktable are arranged in an extended chamber body of the stainless steel sealed chamber body towards the sample under test on the two-dimensional worktable; one end of the sample under test is connected with the high-voltage electrode, while the other end thereof is connected with the grounding electrode; the one-dimensional worktable and the two-dimensional worktable are connected to an electronic control displacement table control box by a control line; the electrostatic capacitance probe is connected with the electrostatic meter; and the electronic control displacement table control box and the electrostatic meter are accessed to the computer. In the invention, the system for automatically measuring charge distribution on the surface of the solid medium can measure two-dimensional distribution of charge density on the surface of insulating materials.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solid insulating material flash-over characteristic field tests, relate to a kind of test macro of insulating material surface charge.
Background technology
Solid insulating material is widely used in fields such as power equipment, high power pulse, High-Power Microwave, but its surface discharge phenomena has had a strong impact on the miniaturization of these equipment, manufacturing cost increases greatly, operational reliability reduces thereby make, and has caused many difficult problems at aspects such as production, manufacturing and operation maintenance.Solid insulating material surface-discharge and its surface charge are gathered close getting in touch, according to secondary snowslide theory, it is believed that the initiating electron that emits at negative electrode three junctions (interface of negative electrode-vacuum-insulator) can anode move under the extra electric field effect, these electronics can bump with material surface in motion process, thereby generation secondary electron, these secondary electrons can continue the anode motion under electric field action, and with material surface new collision takes place and cause more secondary, when secondary acquires a certain degree, can form the electron avalanche passage at material surface, thereby cause edge flashing.Once the collision with secondary electron and material surface can cause material surface positively charged, can the distort electric field of material surface of these positive charges, and attract more once to bump with secondary electron and material surface.Therefore the CHARGE DISTRIBUTION of studying the solid insulation surface is significant.
The research of the surface charging problem that the solid insulating material surface discharge phenomena is caused at present both at home and abroad, also fail to realize automatic measurement that surface charge is distributed, this has influenced the realization to the understanding of solid dielectric insulation surface discharge phenomena and mechanism and high voltage electric equipment miniaturization.
Summary of the invention
Had a strong impact on the miniaturization of equipment at the surface discharge phenomena of solid insulating material in the prior art, to the technical matters that the surface charge of solid insulating material distributes and can not measure automatically, the present invention proposes following technical scheme:
A kind of system for automatically measuring charge distribution on surface of solid medium, comprise the airtight cavity of stainless steel, high-field electrode, ground-electrode, electrometer, vacuum pump and computer system thereof, be provided with one dimension displacement work table and two-dimentional work bench in the airtight cavity of stainless steel, on two-dimentional work bench, be fixed with product to be tested, the electrostatic capacitance probe is arranged on the one dimension displacement work table, electrostatic capacitance probe and one dimension displacement work table are arranged in the extension cavity of the airtight cavity of stainless steel, point to the fixedly product to be tested on the two-dimentional work bench, one end of product to be tested connects high-voltage electrode, other end ground-electrode, one dimension displacement work table and two-dimentional work bench are connected to displacement platform control box by control line, and the electrostatic capacitance probe connects electrometer, displacement platform control box and electrometer are connected into computing machine, and vacuum pump is arranged on the connecting tube with the airtight cavity of stainless steel.
Described electrostatic capacitance probe is made up of an induction electrode and the guard electrode around it, is filled with insulating material between induction electrode and the guard electrode.
Described electrostatic capacitance probe is made up of an induction electrode and the guard electrode around it that is down " T " font, is down the insulating material that is filled with between the induction electrode of " T " font and the guard electrode.
The induction electrode and the packing material between the guard electrode of described electrostatic capacitance probe are polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material.
Induction electrode diameter in the middle of the described electrostatic capacitance probe is 0.94mm, and the internal diameter of guard electrode is 3.0mm, and external diameter is 3.58mm.
The described electrostatic capacitance that is arranged on the one dimension displacement work table is popped one's head in perpendicular to the test surfaces of product to be tested.
The test surfaces distance of described electrostatic capacitance probe and product to be tested can be adjusted at 0.1-50mm.
Described vacuum pump (16) is made up of a mechanical pump and a molecular pump.
Described measuring system is by displacement platform control box control one dimension displacement work table and two-dimentional work bench, and one dimension displacement work table drives the electrostatic capacitance probe, and two-dimentional work bench drives product to be tested, can realize the automatic measurement that the product to be tested surface charge distributes.
Described measuring system can be carried out the automatic measurement that the solid dielectric surface charge distributes in vacuum, also can be used in the gas with various atmosphere under the different air pressure.
What electrostatic capacitance probe method surface measurements electric charge used is the principle of capacitance partial pressure, the induction electrode in the middle of the electrostatic capacitance probe comprises, and the circular ring type guard electrode concentric with induction electrode.Insulating material surface charge automatic measurement system of the present invention can be measured the surface charge density Two dimensional Distribution of insulating material, can offer help for the surface-discharge/flashover phenomenon and the mechanism of research insulating material.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of measuring system of the present invention, the symbolic representation among Fig. 1: the airtight cavity 1 of stainless steel; Product to be tested 2; High-field electrode 3; Ground-electrode 4; One dimension displacement work table 5; Two-dimentional work bench 6; Vacuum gauge 7; Stainless steel prolongs cavity 8; Electrostatic capacitance probe 9; Displacement platform control box 10; Electrometer 11; Computing machine 12; Vacuum pump 16.
Fig. 2 is an electrostatic capacitance sonde configuration synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is second kind of structural representation of electrostatic capacitance probe of the present invention.
The embodiment that provides below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and inventor is described in further detail content of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to shown in Figure 1, system of the present invention comprises an airtight cavity 1 of stainless steel, there are electrostatic capacitance probe 9 that is arranged on the one dimension displacement work table 5 and the product to be tested 2 that is fixed on the two-dimentional work bench 6 in the airtight cavity of stainless steel 1 inside, and product to be tested 2 two ends are connected to high-field electrode 3 and ground-electrode 4.The stainless steel that one dimension displacement work table 5 and electrostatic capacitance probe 9 are arranged on the airtight cavity 1 of stainless steel prolongs in the cavity 8.Airtight cavity 1 internal gas pressure of stainless steel can be measured by the vacuum gauge 7 that is arranged on the airtight cavity, the realization of vacuum tightness is finished by vacuum pump 16, vacuum pump 16 is made up of a mechanical pump and a molecular pump, is arranged on the connecting tube with the airtight cavity 1 of stainless steel; One dimension displacement work table 5, two-dimentional work bench 6 is connected to displacement platform control box 10 by control line, and electrostatic capacitance is popped one's head in 9 output voltage signals by lead access electrometer 11.Displacement platform control box 10 and electrometer 11 are connected to computing machine 12.
The automatic measurement system that insulating material surface charge provided by the invention distributes can effectively be measured the surface charge density Two dimensional Distribution of insulating material.
The automatic measurement system that insulating material surface charge provided by the invention distributes, this system is placed on product to be tested 2 and electrostatic capacitance probe 9 in the stainless steel seal chamber 1, and atmosphere can be the gas with various under vacuum or the different air pressure in the cavity.Product to be tested 2 is fixed on the two-dimentional work bench 6.Electrostatic capacitance probe 9 perpendicular to product to be tested 2 surfaces, is measured the surface charge of product to be tested 2, and product to be tested 2 is realized two dimensional motion by two-dimentional work bench 6, to reach the purpose that product to be tested 2 surperficial two-dimensional charge are distributed and measure automatically.
The signal of displacement platform control box 10 and electrometer 11 outputs moves by one dimension displacement work table 5 and two-dimentional work bench 6 action controls automatic measurement system of the present invention, can realize the scanning that product to be tested 2 surface charge densities are distributed.Electrostatic capacitance probe 9 is output as voltage signal, can draw the distributed data of insulating material surface charge by the analytical calculation of computing machine 12.
First kind of structure of described electrostatic capacitance probe 9 be as shown in Figure 2: be made of guard electrode 14 direct ground connection an induction electrode 13 and the guard electrode 14 around it.Middle induction electrode 13 diameters are 0.94mm, and the outside is 3.0mm around its guard electrode 14 internal diameters, and external diameter is 3.58mm.Packing material 15 between induction electrode 13 and the guard electrode 14 is the higher polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material of sheet resistance value.
Second kind of version of described electrostatic capacitance probe 9 is as shown in Figure 3: by an induction electrode 13 that is down " T " font ' form guard electrode 14 direct ground connection with the guard electrode 14 around it.Middle induction electrode 13 ' the body diameter be that the end diameter that 0.94mm, induction electrode 13 ' body connect is 2.5mm, and the outside is 3.0mm around its guard electrode 14 internal diameters, external diameter is 3.58mm.Induction electrode 13 ' and guard electrode 14 between packing material 15 be the higher polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material of sheet resistance value.Second kind of structure increased the area of induction electrode compared with first kind of structure, can improve the sensitivity of measurement.
During actual the test, the airtight cavity 1 of stainless steel can be evacuated by vacuum pump 16, and vacuum tightness is 2 * 10
-3Pa, gas with various atmosphere under the also different air pressure, electrostatic capacitance probe 9 is moved to apart from test product 2 surperficial 50mm places by one dimension displacement work table 5, prevent 3 pairs of electrostatic capacitance probe 9 discharges of high-field electrode, introduce high voltage by high-field electrode 3, voltage herein can be direct current, interchange and the surge voltage of 0-100kV.Under high-tension effect, electric charge can be gathered in product to be tested 2 surfaces, remove high pressure after, electrostatic capacitance probe 9 moved to apart from product to be tested 2 surperficial 2mm places measures.
In Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, Cd represents the electric capacity between product to be tested 2 and the earth; Cg represent the induction electrode 13 or 13 of electrostatic capacitance probe 9 ' and product to be tested 2 between electric capacity; Cp represents be induction electrode 13 or 13 ' and guard electrode 14 between electric capacity; What σ represented is the electric density on product to be tested 2 surfaces, and electric charge can be a positive charge, also can be negative charge; What Vs represented is the electrostatic potential value that is formed by product to be tested 2 surface charges; Vp represents is the magnitude of voltage of induction electrode 13 or 13 ' induce, and the voltage signal that measures can draw the data that the surface charge density of product to be tested distributes through the calculating of computing machine, also can related data be printed by printer.
Claims (3)
1. system for automatically measuring charge distribution on surface of solid medium, be used to measure the Two dimensional Distribution of plane product to be tested (a 2) surface charge, comprise the airtight cavity of stainless steel (1), high-field electrode (3), ground-electrode (4), electrometer (11), vacuum pump (16) and computer system thereof, it is characterized in that: be provided with one dimension displacement work table (5) and two-dimentional work bench (6) in the airtight cavity of stainless steel (1), on two-dimentional work bench (6), be fixed with product to be tested (2), electrostatic capacitance probe (9) is arranged on the one dimension displacement work table (5), the stainless steel rigidity that electrostatic capacitance probe (9) and one dimension displacement work table (5) are fixed on the airtight cavity of stainless steel (1) prolongs in the cavity (8), electrostatic capacitance probe (9) points to two-dimentional work bench (6) and goes up fixing product to be tested (2), one end of product to be tested (2) connects high-voltage electrode (3), the other end connects ground-electrode (4), one dimension displacement work table (5) is connected to displacement platform control box (10) with two-dimentional work bench (6) by control line, electrostatic capacitance probe (9) connects electrometer (11), displacement platform control box (10) and electrometer (11) are connected into computing machine (12), and vacuum pump (16) is arranged on the connecting tube with the airtight cavity of stainless steel (1);
Described electrostatic capacitance probe (9) is made up of an induction electrode (13) and a guard electrode around it (14), is filled with insulating material (15) between induction electrode (13) and the guard electrode (14);
Described induction electrode (13) is down " T " font;
The induction electrode (13) of described electrostatic capacitance probe (9) and the packing material (15) between the guard electrode (14) are teflon;
Induction electrode (13) diameter in the middle of the described electrostatic capacitance probe (9) is 0.94mm, and the internal diameter of guard electrode (14) is 3.0mm, and external diameter is 3.58mm;
Describedly be arranged on electrostatic capacitance probe (9) on the one dimension displacement work table (5) perpendicular to test surfaces of product to be tested (2).
2. system for automatically measuring charge distribution on surface of solid medium according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the test surfaces distance of described electrostatic capacitance probe (9) and product to be tested (2) can be adjusted at 0.1～50mm.
3. system for automatically measuring charge distribution on surface of solid medium according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described vacuum pump (16) is made up of a mechanical pump and a molecular pump.
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| CN2009100231880A CN101639502B (en) | 2009-07-03 | 2009-07-03 | System for automatically measuring charge distribution on surface of solid medium |
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Inventor after: Zhang Guanjun Inventor after: Zheng Nan Inventor after: Yu Kaikun Inventor after: Zhou Yan Inventor after: Tian Jie Inventor before: Zhang Guanjun Inventor before: Zheng Nan Inventor before: Yu Kaikun Inventor before: Zhou Yan |
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Free format text: CORRECT: INVENTOR; FROM: ZHANG GUANJUN ZHENG NAN YU KAIKUN ZHOU YAN TO: ZHANG GUANJUN ZHENG NAN YU KAIKUN ZHOU YAN TIAN JIE |
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Owner name: SHENZHEN POWER SUPPLY CO., LTD. Effective date: 20140221 |
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Effective date of registration: 20140221 Address after: 710049 Xianning West Road, Shaanxi, China, No. 28, No. Patentee after: Xi'an Jiaotong University Patentee after: Shenzhen Power Supply Bureau Co., Ltd. Address before: 710049 Xianning Road, Shaanxi, China, No. 28, No. Patentee before: Xi'an Jiaotong University |
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