CN101639085A - Energy-saving device and energy-saving method by regulating front guide vanes of centrifugal pump - Google Patents
Energy-saving device and energy-saving method by regulating front guide vanes of centrifugal pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN101639085A CN101639085A CN200810117554A CN200810117554A CN101639085A CN 101639085 A CN101639085 A CN 101639085A CN 200810117554 A CN200810117554 A CN 200810117554A CN 200810117554 A CN200810117554 A CN 200810117554A CN 101639085 A CN101639085 A CN 101639085A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an energy-saving device and an energy-saving method by regulating front guide vanes of a centrifugal pump, which belong to the technical field of universal mechanical energy saving. The pre-rotation angle of the guide vanes is changed by uniformly arranging the guide vanes in a water absorption pipe of the centrifugal pump along the periphery of the pipe wall in cooperation with a regulating mechanism for regulating the front guide vanes so as to change the incoming flow condition in front of a pump impeller inlet to regulate running work condition points of the centrifugal pump. The regulation method and the device can effectively reduce incoming flow impact loss of the centrifugal impeller inlet under each work condition, improve the running efficiency of the centrifugal pump, widely broaden the high-efficient operating range of the centrifugal pump, and effectively solve the problem of energy waste caused by the mismatch of pipe network characteristics and centrifugal pump characteristics in the process of actual project running so as to achieve the aims of efficiency improvement and energy saving for the centrifugal pump.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the universal machine field of energy-saving technology, particularly a kind of centrifugal pump inlet guide vane is regulated energy saving device and power-economizing method.
Background technique
Pump is as a kind of universal machine, its application area and extensively and consume a large amount of energy.Estimate that according to the expert power consumption of pump accounts for 20% of world's total energy consumption, in chemical industry up to 26%, and in electric power and petroleum industry especially respectively up to 50% and 59%.Centrifugal pump is especially because plurality of advantages, extensive use in industries such as industrial or agricultural such as usage range wide (comprise flow, lift and to the adaptability of fed sheet of a media), volume are little, simple in structure, processing ease, operating cost are low.But in actual engineering,, cause a large amount of centrifugal pumps moving away from the optimum operating condition district or under the mode that throttling is regulated because system design or pump selection are improper.Therefore the energy-saving significance of centrifugal pump far-reaching, have a high potential, economic benefit and social benefit be very remarkable.As everyone knows, the economical operation of water pump is to realize on the basis of pump assembly regulating working conditions and control.In actual moving process, the operating point of pump is by water pump and the common decision of system-head curve, so the operation adjusting problem of water pump is the key of pump energy saving.
Centrifugal pump regulating working conditions method commonly used at present is that throttling is regulated.The great advantage that throttling is regulated is that regulating method is fairly simple, so obtained to use comparatively widely, has still but caused the extraneoas loss of water pump energy, cause water application efficiency to descend, long-time running is very uneconomical, and special in the bigger water pump assembly of power, its energy dissipation is just more outstanding.
Though the energy-saving effect of frequency control of motor speed is better, its fatal shortcoming is the arrangements for speed regulation complexity, the technical requirements height, and the equipment investment expense is big, and the operation management cost is higher, only is applicable to that usually large pumping station and power consumption are big, the device lift changes pumping plant greatly.In addition, because the basic principle that speed change is regulated is the proportionality law of pump, just exceeded the scope of the proportionality law of pump when the rotating speed of water pump requires variation big, this has also limited the use that speed change is regulated to a certain extent.
Remove beyond the adjusting of foregoing throttling adjusting and speed change, centrifugal pump also has two kinds of regulating working conditions methods that are of little use.A kind of method is that the series parallel connection work of centrifugal pump is regulated.Though its operation regulation range broad of centrifugal pump series parallel connection regulative mode, it is to realize continually varying that but its Operational Limits is regulated, if will realize continuous variation, then must be to auxiliary other the regulating method of one or more water pump wherein, the energy loss that this has also just brought other regulating methods to cause, the while has also increased the complexity of regulating equipment.Another method is a cutting impeller external diameter method.But this method is for the water pump of having worked, and the method that changes pump structure is just not too convenient, owing to changed the physical dimension of single parts, the coupling between the flow passage components will be affected, and has also reduced the versatility of this pump simultaneously.Therefore this method is feasible as a kind of processing method at concrete engineering problem, but does not have the notion of regulative mode in general sense, also less in process of production employing.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of centrifugal pump inlet guide vane and regulate energy saving device, comprise following components: wheel hub 1, stator chamber 3, stator are regulated the driving mechanism and the medium mixing chamber 9 of prewhirling, wherein, stator adjusting driving mechanism is made up of handwheel 6, active coniskoid 5, rotation gear ring 7 and driven coniskoid 8; It is characterized in that, in the centrifugal pump suction line, circumferentially evenly arrange the fan-shaped preposition movable guide vane 4 of three dimensional space along tube wall, the pre-swing angle of preposition movable guide vane 4 is regulated the driving mechanism adjusting by stator and is fixed, because the regulating action of prewhirling of inlet guide vane, thereby before impeller inlet, form the positive and negative flow field of prewhirling.
Described preposition movable guide vane 4 numbers of blade are 5~8, and preposition movable guide vane 4 is the wheel hub of inlet guide vane blade and 4~8 times of wheel rim chord length mean value apart from the axial position of impeller inlet.
The pre-swing angle excursion of described preposition movable guide vane 4 is-75 °~+ 75 °.
Described wheel hub 1 is arranged on the center of stator chamber 3, and is supported by four fixed guide vanes 2.
The present invention also provides a kind of centrifugal pump inlet guide vane to regulate power-economizing method, it is characterized in that the basic principle of described power-economizing method and workflow are:
A. flowing medium is by behind the fixed guide vane 2, enter by stator chamber 3, the variable flow channel space that wheel hub 1 and preposition movable guide vane 4 are formed, fixed guide vane 2 can improve the uniformity of preposition movable guide vane 4 ingress current, wheel hub 1 guarantees that preposition movable guide vane 4 all has only very little gap any prewhirling between position, angle stator and the wheel hub, make all water flow mediums all flow through preposition movable guide vane vane region and be subjected to the control of blade, thereby reduce not have to prewhirl and distinguish the influence in the whirlpool district that is caused, therefore this structure helps improving the efficient of centrifugal pump, improves the suction performance of centrifugal pump;
B. in variable flow channel space, flowing medium is subjected to the prewhirling regulating action of preposition movable guide vane 4 and produces a certain size velocity circulation, thereby changed the Flow Field Distribution before the centrifugal pump impeller import, wherein the area of passage of the direction of prewhirling, intensity and the variable flow channel space of fluid is decided by the pre-swing angle of preposition movable guide vane 4;
The fluid that prewhirled after acting on by preposition movable guide vane 4 enters the medium mixing section of prewhirling along the tangential outflow of the trailing edge of blade surface, after fully mixing, enter centrifugal pump impeller, under certain flow condition, make relative flow angle equate with pump blade import laying angle, effectively reduce the impact loss of impeller inlet, improved the operational efficiency of water pump.
D. this regulating method is regulated its flow and lift by changing centrifugal pump curve, thereby make centrifugal pump actual operating mode point under the different pre-swing angle of preposition movable guide vane change, therefore effectively saved the restriction loss that valve regulated is brought along characteristic curve of pipeline.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: positive and negative the prewhirling of centrifugal pump inlet guide vane regulated its flow and lift by changing centrifugal pump curve, thereby make centrifugal pump actual operating mode point under the different pre-swing angle of preposition movable guide vane change along characteristic curve of pipeline, effectively saved the restriction loss that valve regulated is brought, described power-economizing method can effectively reduce the impact loss of impeller inlet simultaneously, improve the actual operating efficiency of centrifugal pump under off-design behaviour, widened the efficient range of operation of centrifugal pump; Inlet guide vane adopts the good airflow design of hydraulic performance, has effectively reduced hydraulic loss, has improved the economic benefit of controlling device; Described energy saving device is simple in structure, compact, and is easy to operate, with low cost, can use on a large scale.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 regulates the structural representation of control mechanism for inlet guide vane of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the inlet guide vane of the present invention controlling device energy-saving principle schematic representation of prewhirling.
Number in the figure:
The 1-wheel hub; The 2-fixed guide vane; 3-stator chamber; The preposition movable guide vane of 4-; 5-is coniskoid initiatively; The 6-handwheel; 7-transmission gear ring; The driven coniskoid of 8-; The 9-medium mixing chamber of prewhirling.β
1, β
2-inlet guide vane the angle of prewhirling;
The pre-swing angle of Δ H-inlet guide vane is β
2The Shi Yuwu stator is compared the energy of being saved.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of centrifugal pump inlet guide vane and regulate energy saving device and power-economizing method, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention, and Fig. 2 regulates the structural representation of control mechanism for inlet guide vane of the present invention.Wheel hub 1 is arranged on the center of stator chamber 3, and is supported by four fixed guide vanes 2; In the centrifugal pump suction line, circumferentially evenly arrange 6 preposition movable guide vanes 4, and preposition movable guide vane 4 is 6 times of the blade mean chord apart from the axial position of impeller inlet along tube wall; With 3 contacted tube wall places, stator chamber the stator of being made up of handwheel 6, active coniskoid 5, rotation gear ring 7 and driven coniskoid 8 is set at preposition moving vane 4 and regulates driving mechanism, drive initiatively coniskoid 5 rotations by rotation hand wheel 6, and then drive the synchronous together rotation of driven coniskoid 8 to change the pre-swing angle of preposition movable guide vane 4 by gear ring 7; Stator is regulated pre-swing angle that driving mechanism can regulate preposition movable guide vane 4-75 °~+ 75 ° variations, thereby makes fluid at the positive and negative runner of prewhirling of the indoor formation of stator; The surface of contact of preposition movable guide vane running shaft and stator chamber has adopted the Double layer packing sealing.
Flowing medium moves along the arrow direction, flow through and enter stator chamber 3 behind the fixed guide vane 2, by by preposition movable guide vane 4, the variable-geometry runner that wheel hub 1 and stator chamber 3 are formed, fixed guide vane 2 can improve the uniformity of preposition movable guide vane 4 ingress current, flowing medium flows out preposition movable guide vane 4 backs owing to the control action that is subjected to stator has a certain size the speed of prewhirling, when turning to centrifugal pump impeller, preposition stator turns to when consistent, then be the operating mode of just prewhirling, then be the negative operating mode of prewhirling on the contrary, when the flow of centrifugal pump and lift need reduce, adopt adjustings of just prewhirling, when the flow of centrifugal pump and lift need increase, adopt and bear the adjusting of prewhirling; Fluid enters centrifugal pump impeller after mixing in the medium mixing chamber 9 of prewhirling, the direction of its speed of prewhirling and size are determined by the pre-swing angle and the flow of preposition movable guide vane respectively, thereby the relative flow angle and the absolute flow angle of impeller inlet flowing medium have also just been determined, therefore under certain flow condition, can satisfy relative flow angle and centrifugal blade import laying angle at impeller inlet equates, thereby provide nothing bump condition for import to impeller, reduced the impact loss of impeller inlet, thereby make centrifugal pump under this operating mode with unmatched stator mutually specific efficiency want high, the therefore efficient range of operation of having widened centrifugal pump.
Fig. 3 is the inlet guide vane of the present invention controlling device energy-saving principle schematic representation of prewhirling.In the centrifugal pump variable working condition process of reality, with the flow of centrifugal pump from by Q
1Be adjusted to Q
2, do not prewhirl controlling device and adopt valve throttle to regulate if inlet guide vane is installed, then this moment water pump operating conditions name a person for a particular job and be changed to B along centrifugal pump curve from A; And after if inlet guide vane is installed, then only needing to regulate the inlet guide vane angle of prewhirling is β
2, then this moment water pump actual operating mode name a person for a particular job and be changed to C from A along characteristic curve of pipeline, valve throttle is regulated and is compared during therefore with no preposition stator, the energy that adopts the inlet guide vane adjusting to be saved is Δ H, is the purpose of centrifugal pump Synergistic and energy-saving thereby reached.
Claims (5)
1. a centrifugal pump inlet guide vane is regulated energy saving device, comprise following components: wheel hub (1), stator chamber (3), stator are regulated the driving mechanism and the medium mixing chamber (9) of prewhirling, wherein, stator adjusting driving mechanism is made up of handwheel (6), active coniskoid (5), rotation gear ring (7) and driven coniskoid (8); It is characterized in that, in the centrifugal pump suction line, circumferentially evenly arrange the fan-shaped preposition movable guide vane of three dimensional space (4) that has the binary theoretical design method design of the moving hypothesis of potential barrier to finish based on axial plane along tube wall, the pre-swing angle of preposition movable guide vane (4) is regulated the driving mechanism adjusting by stator and is fixed, thereby, and before impeller inlet, form the positive and negative flow field of prewhirling at the adjustable variable flow channel space of the indoor formation area of passage of stator.
2. a kind of centrifugal pump inlet guide vane according to claim 1 is regulated energy saving device, it is characterized in that, described preposition movable guide vane (4) number of blade is 5~8, and preposition movable guide vane (4) is the wheel hub of inlet guide vane blade and 4~8 times of wheel rim chord length mean value apart from the axial position of impeller inlet.
3. a kind of centrifugal pump inlet guide vane according to claim 1 is regulated energy saving device, it is characterized in that the pre-swing angle excursion of described preposition movable guide vane (4) is-75 °~+ 75 °.
4. a kind of centrifugal pump inlet guide vane according to claim 1 is regulated energy saving device, it is characterized in that described wheel hub (1) is arranged on the center of stator chamber (3), and is supported by four fixed guide vanes (2).
5. a centrifugal pump inlet guide vane is regulated power-economizing method, it is characterized in that the basic principle of described power-economizing method and workflow are:
A. flowing medium is by behind the fixed guide vane (2), enter by stator chamber (3), the variable flow channel space that wheel hub (1) and preposition movable guide vane (4) are formed, fixed guide vane (2) can improve the uniformity of preposition movable guide vane (4) ingress current, wheel hub (1) guarantees that preposition movable guide vane (4) all has only very little gap any prewhirling between position, angle stator and the wheel hub, make all water flow mediums all flow through preposition movable guide vane vane region and be subjected to the control of blade, thereby reduce not have to prewhirl and distinguish the influence in the whirlpool district that is caused, therefore this structure helps improving the efficient of centrifugal pump, improves the suction performance of centrifugal pump;
B. in variable flow channel space, flowing medium is subjected to the prewhirling regulating action of preposition movable guide vane (4) and produces a certain size velocity circulation, thereby changed the Flow Field Distribution before the centrifugal pump impeller import, wherein the area of passage of the direction of prewhirling, intensity and the variable flow channel space of fluid is decided by the pre-swing angle of preposition movable guide vane (4);
The fluid that prewhirled after acting on by preposition movable guide vane (4) enters the medium mixing section of prewhirling along the tangential outflow of the trailing edge of blade surface, after fully mixing, enter centrifugal pump impeller, under certain flow condition, make relative flow angle and pump blade import laying angle equate, effectively reduce the impact loss of impeller inlet, improved the operational efficiency of water pump.
D. this regulating method is regulated its flow and lift by changing centrifugal pump curve, thereby make centrifugal pump actual operating mode point under the different pre-swing angle of preposition movable guide vane change, therefore effectively saved the restriction loss that valve regulated is brought along characteristic curve of pipeline.
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CN102852840A (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-01-02 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Adjustable guide/stationary blade control device and method for axial flow compression system under variable working condition |
WO2013044675A1 (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2013-04-04 | 江苏大学 | Full-lift centrifugal pump |
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