CN101638251A - Method for desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation. An evaporation chamber is made of a transparent lighting material; the seawater evaporation interface is enlarged through water absorbing fiber; and wind speed is improved, humidity is reduced and air pressure is reduced through forced ventilation so as to form a multi-effect evaporation desalinator. The method is characterized by energy saving, high freshwater quality, low requirement on seawater quality, simple device, less investment, low cost, simple maintenance, convenient use and wide application range. The method can be used for islands, shipping, inhabitants, watchhouses and the like.

Description

The method of desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation

The circulation 70% of fresh water is from the evaporation of seawater on the earth, and evaporation (evaporate) is the vaporescence that only occurs in fluid surface.Evaporation Phenomenon can both take place under any temperature.Liquid absorbs heat in evaporative process.When becoming water, gas emits heat.The factor of restriction evaporation of seawater speed is: the size of the size of seawater interface, the height of temperature, wind speed, the size of humidity, the height of air pressure.The present invention is core by regulating above five conditions to enlarge seawater interface, and design desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation device is realized the artificial desalination of seawater: improve seawater temperature with transparent daylighting evaporator room; Enlarge the evaporation of seawater interface with seawater by hygroscopicity fibre; Improve wind speed, reduce humidity, reduce air pressure with sharp draft equipment.

Specific practice is: make the evaporator room shell of round Bell type or globule type with transparent material (synthetic glass, toughened glass etc.), size is decided because of needs.Evaporator room should be placed on place on the sunny side.Every 1mm in the evaporator room ²Hang 1 middle outage suction (terylene) fiber, below evaporator room, establish the seawater pond, make under the water-absorption fiber and connect seawater, allow seawater be dipped on the water-absorption fiber.A ventilation hole is respectively established in both sides below circular evaporator room, establishes a suction hole in the centre of one side (or both sides) and links to each other with powerful getter device, and be passed in the fresh water of water collecting basin to collect fresh water.Air in the evaporator room is a large amount of water vapour because of evaporation contains, and these water vapour import to by powerful getter device and are cooled to fresh water in the water collecting basin.Below the evaporator room inwall, establish water leg, and link to each other, be evaporated to steam on the inwall and form the mist pearl and pool the globule along wall and descend, enter fresh-water pool through water leg with water collecting basin.For raising the efficiency, can establish sunning water pool, make seawater enter evaporator room again, to improve the temperature of seawater through sunning water pool.

Under field conditions (factors), by the statistics in 44 years in Zhanjiang City, per day steam output is 4.8mm, 1m ²The per day steam output of seawater is 4.8kg.If at every 1mm ²Place a hollow water-absorption fiber that diameter is the long 1600mm of 0.2mm, 1m ²The evaporation interface just become: 0.2 * 3.14 * 1600 * 1 * 1=1004.8m ², the interface of evaporation has enlarged 1004.8 times, at 1m ²Area Shanghai evaporation of water amount then is 4823.04kg.Its vaporization efficiency has improved 1004.8 times.A profile 1.1m ³The desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation device can daily produce fresh water 4.52m ³If under evaporator room sharp draft condition, its steam output can improve more than 3 times again again.

The characteristics that this multiple-effect evaporation desalinizes seawater are:

1. energy-conservation.If not being badly in need of water, needn't consume any artificial energy source.If the urgent need water is as long as it is just passable to strengthen ventilation.

2. fresh water quality height.The fresh water that obtains through desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation can reach the standard of national tap water fully.

3. require low to seawer quality.Do not need seawater is desalinated preceding processing.

4. equipment is simple.

5. less investment.

6. cost is low.Except equipment, hardly with spending.

7. high efficiency.Under the condition that does not consume the artificial energy source, can improve more than 500,1000 times than spontaneous evaporation.

8. safeguard simple.

9. easy to use.

10. applied widely.Can be used for island, boats and ships, resident, sentry post etc.

The major dimension of desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation device and aquifer yield

Model	Overall volume	The profile specification	Interior stamen volume	Interior stamen specification	Day aquifer yield
						??0.6-0.6	??0.27m 3	??0..35×0.35×??3.14×0.7?0.27	??0.17m 3	??0..3×0.3×??3.14×??0.6＝0.17	??0.81m 3
??0.8-0.8	??0.57m 3	??0..45×0.45×??3.14×0.9＝0.57	??0.4m 3	??0..4×0.4×??3.14×??0.8＝0.4	??1.93m 3
						??1-1.2	??1.1m 3	??0..51×0.51×??3.14×1.3＝1.1	??0.94m 3	??0..5×0.5×??3.14×??1.2＝0.94	??4.52m 3
??2-1.6	??6.08m 3	??1.1×1.1×3.14??×1.6＝6.08	??5.02m 3	??1×1×3.14×??1.6＝5.02	??24.12m 3
						??3-1.6	??13.67m 3	??1.6×1.6×3.14??×1.7＝13.67	??11.3m 3	??1.5×1.5×??3.14×??1.6＝11.3	??54.25m 3
??4-1.8	??26.3m 3	??2.1×2.1×3.14??×1.9＝26.3	??22.6m 3	??2×2×3.14×??1.8＝22.6	??108.5m 3
						??5-1.8	??40.33m 3	??2.6×2.6×3.14??×1.9＝22.6	??35.33m 3	??2.5×2.5×??3.14×??1.8＝35.33	??169.56m 3
??10-2	??171.5m 3	??5.1×5.1×3.14??×2.1＝797.87	??157m 3	??5×5×3.14×??2＝628	??753.6m 3
						??20-2	??797.67m 3	??11×11×3.14×??2.1＝797.87	??628m 3	??10×10×3.14??×2＝628	??3014.4m 3
??32-2	??1905.66m 3	??17×17×3.14×??2.1?628	??1607.7m 3	??16×16×3.14??×2-1607.7	??7716.86m 3

Claims (1)

1. Make evaporator room with transparent lighting material, enlarge the evaporation of seawater interface, improve wind speed, reduce humidity, reduce air pressure, form the method that the desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation device desalinizes seawater thus by sharp draft by water-absorption fiber.