CN101631071A - Method for establishing path in multilayer network, network node and system - Google Patents

Method for establishing path in multilayer network, network node and system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101631071A
CN101631071A CN200810142910A CN200810142910A CN101631071A CN 101631071 A CN101631071 A CN 101631071A CN 200810142910 A CN200810142910 A CN 200810142910A CN 200810142910 A CN200810142910 A CN 200810142910A CN 101631071 A CN101631071 A CN 101631071A
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interface
node
destination node
network
interface configuration
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CN101631071B (en
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王研
夏洪淼
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for establishing a path in a multilayer network, a network node and a system, and belongs to the technical field of networks. The method comprises the following steps: sending call message which carries interface configuration information to a destination node, and receiving call response message returned by the destination node, wherein the call response message carries a result after the destination node carries out interface configuration according to the interface configuration information; and judging whether the configured interface of the destination node is successful according to the call response message, if so, carrying out interface configuration at local, and then establishing a connection path with the destination node. One network node comprises a transceiving module and an establishing module. The other network node comprises a receiving module and an authentication module. The system comprises a source node and the destination node. The method, the network node and the system improve the efficiency of interface configuration, shorten the switching-on time of a service path, realize separation of dynamic interface configuration and establishing connection process, are simple and convenient and easy to realize, and have good expandability.

Description

Set up route method, network node and system in the multitiered network
Technical field
The present invention relates to networking technology area, set up route method, network node and system in particularly a kind of multitiered network.
Background technology
By IP (Internet Protocol, Internet Protocol) net and OTN (Optical Transport Network, optical transport network) in the multitiered network of Zu Chenging, each layer network all is independently to plan and resource allocation, and service fulfillment needs each layer configuration separately.When setting up a MPLS-TE (Multiple Protocol Label Switch-Traffic Engineering end to end, when multi-protocol label switching traffic engineering) connecting, if adopt the mode that layer service is opened of striding successively, then need to consider the restriction relation between inner and each layer network of each layer network, very complicated, allocative efficiency is lower, and is consuming time longer.Adopt the multilayer control technology can realize striding open-minded automatically that layer connects, when setting up the upper strata connection, can carry out sufficient interlayer interaction as if the discovery inadequate resource, such as driving that lower floor sets up suitable tunnel and as FA (Forward Adjacency, transmit and connect) be published to the upper strata, the synchronous renewal of upper layer network topology back just can be set up automatically end to end and connect.In addition, the driving of network traffics also can be optimized network topology by the multilayer control technology, and network topology is changed dynamically.When network carries out topological optimization; usually can pass through some interfaces of signaling dynamic creation; the interface of dynamic creation needs behind the configuration parameter could operate as normal, for the interface that dynamically produces in the multilayer control technology, finishes the configuration effort of docking port usually in the road construction process.Specific as follows: by at RSVP-TE (Resource reSerVation Protocol-Traffic Engineering, resource reservation protocol flow engineering) adds interface parameters object (Interface Parameter Object) in the signaling, carry the configuration parameter of interface, in the road construction process, finish road construction by the signaling of carrying interface configuration parameter, finish the configuration effort of interface simultaneously.As the configuration parameter that in Path message, carries the local terminal equipment interface and the configuration parameter of opposite equip. interface.
There is following shortcoming in prior art: interface configuration information is added in the into road construction signaling, in the road construction process, carry out the configuration of interface, cause the settling time of entire path longer, and when need discharging the interface of dynamic creation, must remove the connection of having set up earlier, and then realizing interface, also cause consuming time longer, and need expand the RSVP-TE agreement, therefore increase the complexity of road construction signaling.
Summary of the invention
In order to improve the efficient of interface configuration, the embodiment of the invention provides and has set up route method, network node and system in a kind of multitiered network.Described technical scheme is as follows:
On the one hand, the embodiment of the invention provides in a kind of multitiered network and has set up route method, and described method comprises:
Send message related to calls to destination node, carry interface configuration information in the described message related to calls;
Receive the call message that described destination node is returned, carry described destination node in the described call message and carry out result after the interface configuration according to described interface configuration information;
According to described call message, judge whether described destination node configuration interface is successful, if then carry out interface configuration, then the access path between foundation and the described destination node in this locality.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of network node, and described node comprises:
Transceiver module, be used to send message related to calls to destination node, carry interface configuration information in the described message related to calls, also be used to receive the call message that described destination node is returned, carry described destination node in the described call message and carry out result after the interface configuration according to described interface configuration information;
Set up module, be used for the call message received according to described transceiver module, judge the whether success of described destination node configuration interface, if, then set up and described destination node between access path.
On the one hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of network node again, and described network node comprises:
Receiver module is used for the message related to calls of carrying interface configuration information that the reception sources node sends;
Authentication module, be used for carrying out authentication according to the described message related to calls that described receiver module receives, if authentication is passed through, then be configured according to the interface of the interface configuration information in the described message related to calls to described network node, and the call message of returning the authentication success and carrying the interface configuration successful information is given described source node, if failed authentication then returns the call message of failed authentication and gives described source node.
Another aspect, the embodiment of the invention also provide the system that sets up the path in a kind of multitiered network, and described system comprises source node and destination node;
Described source node, be used to send carry interface configuration information message related to calls to described destination node, receive the call message that described destination node is returned, judge according to described call message whether described destination node configuration interface is successful, if, then set up and described destination node between access path;
Described destination node, be used to receive the described message related to calls of described source node transmission and carry out authentication, if authentication is passed through, then according to the parameter of the interface configuration information configuration its own interfaces in the described message related to calls, and the call message of returning the authentication success and carrying the interface configuration successful information is given described source node, if failed authentication then returns the call message of failed authentication and gives described source node.
The embodiment of the invention is set up the path by finish interface configuration in the calling authorization process after the configuration successful, improved the efficient of interface configuration, shortened the service time of service path, has realized separating of dynamic socket configuration and the process of connecting.In message related to calls, carry interface configuration information, simple and convenient, realize that easily little to existing message related to calls influence, extensibility is good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 sets up the route method flow chart in the multitiered network that provides of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the network model schematic diagram that the embodiment of the invention provides;
Fig. 3 is a kind of network node structure schematic diagram that the embodiment of the invention provides;
Fig. 4 is the another kind of network node structure schematic diagram that the embodiment of the invention provides;
Fig. 5 is the system configuration schematic diagram that the path is provided in the multitiered network that provides of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, embodiment of the present invention is described further in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The embodiment of the invention provides in a kind of multitiered network and has set up route method, comprising: send message related to calls to destination node, carry interface configuration information in this message related to calls; Receive the call message that destination node is returned, carry destination node in this call message and carry out result after the interface configuration according to above-mentioned interface configuration information; According to this call message, judge whether the destination node configuration interface is successful, if then carry out interface configuration, then the access path between foundation and the destination node in this locality.In embodiments of the present invention, multitiered network is meant the multitiered network of being made up of IP network and OTN.
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides in a kind of multitiered network and has set up route method, specifically comprises:
In the step 101: source node (promptly initiating the node of interface configuration) is provided with interface configuration information, parameter comprising source node interface and destination node interface, particularly, can be for the sign of the IP address of the IP address of source node interface, destination node interface, subnet mask, gateway, inundation interface parameters, participate in the combination of one or more information in the title in the sign of resource reservation, the title in AS (AutonomousSystem, autonomous system) territory under the source node and the AS territory under the destination node interface.
In the step 102: source node sends message related to calls to destination node, the process of the authentication that makes a call, and in this message related to calls, carry above-mentioned interface configuration information;
Particularly, source node can add the interface configuration information that is provided with in the specific field in the message related to calls of RSVP RSVP.This specific field is meant the field in the interface parameters object newly-increased in RSVP, this interface parameters object can be divided into source node part, destination node part and total part, as adding the IP address of source node interface to the source node part, add the IP address of destination node interface to the destination node part, add the sign of subnet mask, gateway, inundation interface parameters and the sign of participation resource reservation to total part or the like.Further, when source node and destination node are not in same AS territory, the title in the AS territory under the source node interface and the title in the AS territory under the destination node interface can also be added in the message related to calls.When source node and destination node are in same AS territory, also can in the message related to calls that sends, carry the title in the AS territory under the source node interface and the title in the AS territory under the destination node interface, because these two domain names are identical, therefore be not carried in the message related to calls usually in this case.
In embodiments of the present invention, can comprise one or more territories in the AS, the equipment in each territory all has identical attribute, as subnet mask and gateway or the like.
The form of above-mentioned interface configuration information has multiple, and the embodiment of the invention includes but not limited to the form of table 1 formula.Wherein, subnet mask and gateway are subnet mask and the gateway that source node and destination node need dispose, O is the sign of inundation interface parameters whether after source node and destination node interface configuration are finished, length is 1bit, as being set to 1, expression participates in inundation, gives other node in the network with the interface parameters inundation that configures, be set to 0, expression does not participate in inundation; R is the sign whether interface of source node and destination node participates in the resource reservation of RSVP, and length is 1bit, as is set to 1, and expression participates in the resource reservation of RSVP, is set to 0, and expression does not participate in the resource reservation of RSVP.
Table 1
Figure S2008101429108D00041
Wherein, IPv4 SrcAddress in the message related to calls, IPv4 DstAddress, IPv4 Mask, IPv4 gateway, O and R field are added according to known interface parameters by source node, when source node and destination node during not in same AS territory, before sending message related to calls, source node also is added on the title in the AS territory under its own interfaces in the sASnum field of message related to calls, and the title in the AS territory under the destination node interface is added in the dASnum field of message related to calls.
In the step 103: after destination node receives this message related to calls, authentication is carried out in this calling, can determine that by authentication whether service request that source node initiates is allowed by destination node and intermediate node (also can without intermediate node), and in the process of message related to calls exchange, determine to call out the interface flow engineering information of all nodes of process, judge whether authentication is passed through, if authentication is passed through, then execution in step 104; If failed authentication, then execution in step 106.
In the step 104: destination node is according to the parameter of the interface configuration information setting its own interfaces in this message related to calls, particularly, can extract the IP address information of destination node interface in the message related to calls, the IP address of its own interfaces is set according to this value, and extraction subnet mask and gateway information, the setting of line correlation or the like of going forward side by side.
In the step 105: destination node is returned the call message of authentication success and is given source node, and carries the information of destination node interface configuration success in this call message, and execution in step 107 then.
In the step 106: destination node is returned the call message of failed authentication and is given source node, and execution in step 107 then.
In the step 107: source node receives the call message that destination node is returned, and judges according to this call message whether the destination node configuration interface is successful, if then carry out 108; Otherwise flow process finishes.
In the step 108: the parameter of source node configuration local interface, set up then and destination node between access path, flow process finishes.
Further, when source node and destination node connect after the path finishes, source node can also be in multitiered network with the parameter of the mode inundation source node interface of OSPF ospf, correspondingly, destination node also can be in multitiered network with the parameter of the mode inundation destination node interface of OSPF.If current calling authorization failure or interface configuration failure, then source node and destination node are not initiated the process in path that connects, thereby do not need the interface parameters of self is carried out inundation yet.Inundation in the embodiment of the invention is meant IGP (Interior Gateway Protocol, Interior Gateway Protocol) inundation under, by the inundation interface parameters, other node in the multitiered network all can be received this interface parameters information, thereby reaches the purpose that interface parameters information is notified to other node in the multitiered network.
In the present embodiment, when needs are cancelled the interface that has disposed, the interface message that source node and destination node can directly dispose in this locality deletion, promptly finish the recovery of interface configuration information, correspondingly remove the connection set up then again, tear open and pass by journey and can separate with the process of cancelling interface and carry out.
The technical scheme that present embodiment provides can be applied in the different multitiered network models, is that stack model, IP network and OTN net are peer-to-peer models or the like as IP network and OTN net.By in the process of calling authorization, realizing the configuration of interface, realized separating of interface configuration and road construction process.
For example, referring to Fig. 2, IP network and OTN net are the stack model, and lower floor is the OTN net, a plurality of optical switching devices are arranged, the upper strata is an IP network, a plurality of operators equipment is arranged, wherein, PE1, PE2, PE3 and PE4 are provider edge equipment (ProviderEdge), P1 and P2 are operator's intermediate equipment, and PE1 links to each other with CE2 with customer edge (Customer Edge) CE1 respectively, and PE3 links to each other with CE3.When the flow in the network changes, as the increase suddenly of the flow between PE1 and the PE3 and above the threshold values that sets in advance, then carry out topology optimization, on PE1 and PE3, create dynamic socket respectively, and between two dynamic sockets being created, set up between PE1 and the PE3 through light path, thereby reduce router repeating process one by one, increase network utilization.Detailed process is as follows: source node PE1 is provided with interface configuration parameter, the message related to calls that this parameter is carried in transmission is to destination node PE3 (see among the figure 1.), PE3 carries out authentication after receiving this message related to calls, if authentication is passed through, then dispose its own interfaces parameter and return the call message of carrying the interface configuration successful information and give PE1 (see among the figure 2.), after PE1 receives this call message, whether interface configuration is successful to judge PE3, if, then dispose the interface of self and initiate to set up signaling with the access path of PE3, begin to connect the process of setting up (see among the figure 3.) to lower floor.After through light path was set up and finished between PE1 and the PE3, PE1 can use this newly-established business of realization that is connected with PE3, shown in the heavy line between PE1 among the figure and the PE3.
The method that present embodiment provides is by finishing interface configuration in the calling authorization process, set up the path after the configuration successful, improve the efficient of interface configuration, shortened the service time of service path, realized separating of dynamic socket configuration and the process of connecting.Avoid increasing the complexity of road construction signaling, improved the speed that reclaims interface configuration information such as IP address when remove in the path.And in message related to calls, carry interface configuration information, simple and convenient, realize that easily little to existing message related to calls influence, extensibility is good.
Embodiment 2
Referring to Fig. 3, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of network node, and as the source node of initiating interface configuration, this node specifically comprises in the present embodiment:
Transceiver module 301, be used to send message related to calls to destination node, carry interface configuration information in this message related to calls, also be used to receive the call message that destination node is returned, carry destination node in this call message and carry out result after the interface configuration according to this interface configuration information;
Set up module 302, be used for the call message received according to transceiver module 301, judge the whether success of destination node configuration interface, if, then set up and destination node between access path.
Wherein, interface configuration information is the combination of one or more information in the title of the title of IP address, subnet mask, the gateway of interface IP address, the destination node interface of source node, the sign of inundation interface parameters, the sign that participates in resource reservation, the autonomous system domains under the source node interface and the autonomous system domains under the destination node interface.Network node can add interface configuration information in the specific field in the message related to calls of RSVP, and detailed process repeats no more with the description among the embodiment 1 herein.
Further, above-mentioned network node can also comprise:
The inundation module is used for after network node and destination node connect the path, in multitiered network with the interface parameters of the mode inundation network node of ospf.
The network node that present embodiment provides is by finishing interface configuration in the calling authorization process, set up the path after the configuration successful, improve the efficient of interface configuration, shortened the service time of service path, realized separating of dynamic socket configuration and the process of connecting.Avoid increasing the complexity of road construction signaling, improved the speed that reclaims interface configuration information such as IP address when remove in the path.And in message related to calls, carry interface configuration information, simple and convenient, realize that easily little to existing message related to calls influence, extensibility is good.
Embodiment 3
Referring to Fig. 4, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of network node, and in the present embodiment as the destination node in the interface configuration process, this node specifically comprises:
Receiver module 401 is used for the message related to calls of carrying interface configuration information that the reception sources node sends;
Authentication module 402, the message related to calls that is used for receiving according to receiver module 401 is carried out authentication, if authentication is passed through, then be configured according to the interface of the interface configuration information in this message related to calls to network node, and the call message of returning the authentication success and carrying the interface configuration successful information is given source node, if failed authentication then returns the call message of failed authentication and gives source node.
Interface configuration information in the present embodiment is the combination of one or more information in the title of the title of IP address, subnet mask, the gateway of interface IP address, the Network-Node Interface of source node, the sign of inundation interface parameters, the sign that participates in resource reservation, the autonomous system domains under the source node interface and the autonomous system domains under the Network-Node Interface.
Particularly, during authentication module 402 configuration local interfaces, can extract the IP address information of destination node interface in the above-mentioned message related to calls, the IP address of above-mentioned Network-Node Interface is set according to this value, and extraction subnet mask and gateway information, the setting of line correlation or the like of going forward side by side.
Further, above-mentioned network node can also comprise:
The inundation module is used for after network node and source node are finished the foundation of above-mentioned access path, the parameter of the local interface that is provided with the mode inundation network node of ospf in multitiered network.
The node that present embodiment provides is set up the path by finish interface configuration in the calling authorization process after the configuration successful, improved the efficient of interface configuration, shortened the service time of service path, has realized separating of dynamic socket configuration and the process of connecting.Avoid increasing the complexity of road construction signaling, improved the speed that reclaims interface configuration information such as IP address when remove in the path.And in message related to calls, carry interface configuration information, simple and convenient, realize that easily little to existing message related to calls influence, extensibility is good.
Embodiment 4
Referring to Fig. 5, the embodiment of the invention provides the system that sets up the path in a kind of multitiered network, specifically comprises source node 501 and destination node 502;
Source node 501, be used to send carry interface configuration information message related to calls to destination node, receive the call message that destination node is returned, judge according to this call message whether successfully the destination node configuration interface, if, then set up and destination node between access path;
Destination node 502, be used for the message related to calls of reception sources node 501 transmissions and carry out authentication, if authentication is passed through, then according to the parameter of the interface configuration information configuration its own interfaces in this message related to calls, and the call message of returning the authentication success and carrying the interface configuration successful information is given source node 501, if failed authentication then returns the call message of failed authentication and gives source node 501.
Further, source node 501 can also comprise:
The inundation module is used for after source node 501 is set up access path with destination node 502, the parameter of the local interface that is provided with the mode inundation source node 501 of ospf in multitiered network;
Correspondingly, destination node 502 can also comprise:
The inundation module is used for after destination node 502 and source node 501 are finished the foundation of access path, the parameter of the local interface that is provided with the mode inundation destination node 502 of ospf in multitiered network.
Particularly, during destination node 502 configuration local interfaces, can extract the IP address information of destination node interface in the above-mentioned message related to calls, the IP address of above-mentioned Network-Node Interface is set according to this value, and extraction subnet mask and gateway information, the setting of line correlation or the like of going forward side by side.
Interface configuration information in the present embodiment is the combination of one or more information in the title of the title of IP address, subnet mask, the gateway of interface IP address, the destination node interface of source node, the sign of inundation interface parameters, the sign that participates in resource reservation, the autonomous system domains under the source node interface and the autonomous system domains under the destination node interface.Source node can add interface configuration information in the specific field in the message related to calls of RSVP, and detailed process repeats no more with the description among the embodiment 1 herein.
The system that present embodiment provides sets up the path by finish interface configuration in the calling authorization process after the configuration successful, improved the efficient of interface configuration, shortened the service time of service path, has realized separating of dynamic socket configuration and the process of connecting.Avoid increasing the complexity of road construction signaling, improved the speed that reclaims interface configuration information such as IP address when remove in the path.And in message related to calls, carry interface configuration information, simple and convenient, realize that easily little to existing message related to calls influence, extensibility is good.
The embodiment of the invention can utilize software to realize that corresponding software programs can be stored in the storage medium that can read, for example, and in the hard disk of computer, buffer memory or the CD.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to restriction the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of being done, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (13)

1. set up route method in a multitiered network, it is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Send message related to calls to destination node, carry interface configuration information in the described message related to calls;
Receive the call message that described destination node is returned, carry described destination node in the described call message and carry out result after the interface configuration according to described interface configuration information;
According to described call message, judge whether described destination node configuration interface is successful, if then carry out interface configuration, then the access path between foundation and the described destination node in this locality.
2. set up route method in the multitiered network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described interface configuration information specifically comprises: the combination of one or more information in the title of the sign of the IP address of its own interfaces, the IP address of destination node interface, subnet mask, gateway, inundation interface parameters, the sign that participates in resource reservation, the autonomous system domains under self and the title of the autonomous system domains under the destination node interface.
3. set up route method in the multitiered network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, before the call message that the described destination node of described reception is returned, also comprise:
Described destination node is carried out authentication according to described interface configuration information;
If authentication is passed through, then according to described interface configuration information, the interface of described destination node is configured, and returns the authentication success and carry the call message of interface configuration successful information;
If failed authentication then returns the call message of failed authentication.
4. set up route method in the multitiered network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, after the access path between described foundation and the described destination node, also comprise:
In multitiered network with the parameter of the mode inundation its own interfaces of ospf.
5. a network node is characterized in that, described node comprises:
Transceiver module, be used to send message related to calls to destination node, carry interface configuration information in the described message related to calls, also be used to receive the call message that described destination node is returned, carry described destination node in the described call message and carry out result after the interface configuration according to described interface configuration information;
Set up module, be used for the call message received according to described transceiver module, judge the whether success of described destination node configuration interface, if, then set up and described destination node between access path.
6. network node according to claim 5, it is characterized in that the combination of one or more information in the title of the sign of the interface IP address that described interface configuration information is described network node, the IP address of destination node interface, subnet mask, gateway, inundation interface parameters, the sign that participates in resource reservation, the autonomous system domains under the described Network-Node Interface and the title of the autonomous system domains under the described destination node interface.
7. network node according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described network node also comprises:
The inundation module is used for after described network node and destination node are set up described access path, in multitiered network with the interface parameters of the described network node of mode inundation of ospf.
8. a network node is characterized in that, described network node comprises:
Receiver module is used for the message related to calls of carrying interface configuration information that the reception sources node sends;
Authentication module, be used for carrying out authentication according to the described message related to calls that described receiver module receives, if authentication is passed through, then be configured according to the interface of the interface configuration information in the described message related to calls to described network node, and the call message of returning the authentication success and carrying the interface configuration successful information is given described source node, if failed authentication then returns the call message of failed authentication and gives described source node.
9. network node according to claim 8, it is characterized in that the combination of one or more information in the title of the sign of the IP address of the interface IP address that described interface configuration information is described source node, described Network-Node Interface, subnet mask, gateway, inundation interface parameters, the sign that participates in resource reservation, the autonomous system domains under the described source node interface and the title of the autonomous system domains under the described Network-Node Interface.
10. network node according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described network node also comprises:
The inundation module is used for after described network node and source node are finished the foundation of described access path, the parameter of the local interface that is provided with the described network node of the mode inundation of ospf in multitiered network.
11. set up the system in path in the multitiered network, it is characterized in that described system comprises source node and destination node;
Described source node, be used to send carry interface configuration information message related to calls to described destination node, receive the call message that described destination node is returned, judge according to described call message whether described destination node configuration interface is successful, if, then set up and described destination node between access path;
Described destination node, be used to receive the described message related to calls of described source node transmission and carry out authentication, if authentication is passed through, then according to the parameter of the interface configuration information configuration its own interfaces in the described message related to calls, and the call message of returning the authentication success and carrying the interface configuration successful information is given described source node, if failed authentication then returns the call message of failed authentication and gives described source node.
12. set up the system in path in the multitiered network according to claim 11, it is characterized in that described source node also comprises:
The inundation module is used for behind the access path of described source node foundation and described destination node the parameter of the local interface that is provided with the described source node of the mode inundation of ospf in multitiered network;
Described destination node also comprises:
The inundation module is used for after described destination node and source node are finished the foundation of described access path, the parameter of the local interface that is provided with the described destination node of the mode inundation of ospf in multitiered network.
13, set up the system in path in the multitiered network according to claim 11, it is characterized in that the combination of one or more information in the title of the sign of the IP address of the interface IP address that described interface configuration information is described source node, described destination node interface, subnet mask, gateway, inundation interface parameters, the sign that participates in resource reservation, the autonomous system domains under the described source node interface and the title of the autonomous system domains under the described destination node interface.
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