CN101630557A - Gadolinium-containing sintered rare earth permanent magnet alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Gadolinium-containing sintered rare earth permanent magnet alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a gadolinium-containing sintered neodymium-iron-boron rare earth permanent magnet alloy and a preparation method thereof. The permanent magnet alloy comprises components in the following formula: Re[alpha]Gd[beta]B[gamma]MxNyFe[100-alpha-beta-gamma-x-y], wherein the weight percentage beta of the gadolinium element is more than 0.50 and less than or equal to 25. Through the method for adding the Gd element into a sintered Nd-Fe-B magnet, a sintered Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet with high coercive force and high temperature resistance is prepared. The coercive force temperature coefficient beta of the prepared magnet is reduced, so the coercive force of the magnet at high temperature is improved and the magnet has the high temperature resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to magnetic material technology field, specifically, the present invention relates to contain the sintered NdFeB rare-earth permanent-magnet alloy and the manufacture method thereof of gadolinium.
Background technology
Since the phase at the beginning of the eighties in last century, Nd-Fe-B was found, be Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic material itself or its application technology has all obtained swift and violent development.The Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic material has been widely used in fields such as the voice coil motor of disc driver, all kinds of motor, Magnetic resonance imaging equipment, electro-acoustic element and magnetic machinery.But because the magnetic property of Nd-Fe-B magnet sharply reduces with the rising of temperature, remanent magnetism and coercitive negative temperature coefficient are bigger, and therefore the application in some high temperature (greater than 80 degree) field is very restricted.Usually, in order to improve the heat resistance of magnet, comparatively widely used method is to add an amount of Tb in the Nd-Fe-B alloy at present, and Dy substitutes Nd, to increase substantially the coercive force of magnet, reduces coercitive temperature coefficient.Yet Tb, Dy are expensive metals, Tb, and the interpolation of Dy has increased the cost of sintered nd-fe-b magnet greatly.We notice, the anisotropy field of Gd2Fe14B has positive temperature coefficient (J.F.Herbst below 200 ℃, Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol63, No4, October 1991,819-904), therefore, if Gd adds in the principal phase of Nd-Fe-B magnet, will help magnet and improve heat resistance.In at present and even from now on quite long period, the price of Gd is far below Tb, the price of Dy, therefore, the interpolation of Gd not only can enhancing magnet heat resistance, make sintered nd-fe-b magnet can be widely used in fields such as automobile, motor, and have very big price advantage.
At present, Chinese patent application number: 200710090597.3 to disclose the adding proportion that contains gadolinium be the Chinese patent application of the permanent-magnet rare-earth NdFeB alloy of 0.05wt.%＜Gdwt.%≤0.5wt.%, improve the magnet coercive force, reduce temperature coefficient, but its range of application is narrow, it is very limited to improve coercive force and temperature coefficient, and is unfavorable for significantly reducing cost.
And the present invention adopts the method for adding the Gd element, makes the Gd element enter sintered nd-fe-b magnet principal phase and rich Nd mutually, reduces the negative coercive force temperature coefficient of sintered nd-fe-b magnet, improves the heat resistance of magnet.The present invention has with low cost, and consistency of product is good, and it is high to make stability, and manufacture method is simple, does not need to change existing sintered Nd-Fe-B manufacturing equipment, advantages such as easy control.By the method for the invention, can access magnetic energy product between 25～45MGOe, have sintered nd-fe-b magnet than low coercive force temperature coefficient.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the bigger negative coercive force temperature coefficient of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnet and use the difficulty that is restricted, thereby a kind of low cost and the sintered Nd-Fe-B magnet with better heat resistance are provided.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of permanent-magnet rare-earth NdFeB alloy that contains gadolinium, it consists of:
Re
αGd
βB
γM
xN
yFe
100-alpha-beta-γ-x-y, it is characterized in that:
Re is a rare earth element, comprises at least a element or more than one elements that are selected among La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y and the Sc;
M comprises Co and Cu for adding element;
N comprises one or more elements that are selected among Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Zn, Ga, Ge, Al, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Hf, Ta, W, Pd, Au, Pb and the Bi for adding element;
α, β, γ, x, y are each element wt degree;
Fe is Fe and unavoidable impurities;
Wherein, 29≤α≤35,0.50＜β≤25,0.95≤γ≤1.20,0≤x≤10,0≤y≤1.50.
Best, described Gd comprises the raw material of Gd metal element or Gd alloy.
Best, described Re comprises Nd and Dy, Nd and Tb, Nd and Pr or Nd, Dy, Pr and Tb.Wherein, content≤5.0wt.% of described Dy or Tb.
Best, described N comprises Nb and Al or Al.
Best, described Re comprises Pr and Dy; Described M comprises Co and Cu; Described N comprises Al.Wherein, Pr, Dy, Co, Cu and Al element wt degree are 1≤Pr≤20,0.2≤Dy≤10,0.5≤Co≤30,0.05≤Cu≤1,0.1≤Al≤3.
Best, the magnetic energy product of this permanent-magnet rare-earth NdFeB alloy is 25～45MGOe.
According to a further aspect in the invention, the invention provides the method that a kind of manufacturing contains the gadolinium permanent-magnet rare-earth NdFeB alloy as the aforementioned, described method comprises the steps:
(1) melting: raw material are carried out the melting ingot casting;
(2) powder process: by the hydrogen fragmentation alloy pig is carried out fragmentation, carry out airflow milling again to make powder;
(3) moulding: with above-mentioned powder is to be orientated and to be shaped to pressed compact under 1.8～2T in magnetic field;
(4) sintering: pressed compact is added static pressure such as 200MPa, under vacuum state, 1000～1200 ℃ of temperature, carry out sintering again;
(5) annealing: the pressed compact behind the sintering is annealed under vacuum state, 480～600 ℃ of temperature, to make the permanent-magnet rare-earth NdFeB alloy that contains gadolinium.
Atomic percent 0.5wt.%＜Gdwt.%≤the 25wt.% of final sintered nd-fe-b magnet Gd constituent content.
Purity of raw materials of the present invention is less demanding, for Gd, in the embodiment of the invention 1 employed raw-material be that purity has only 95wt.%.
Can only contain Nd, Fe, B and Gd in the sintered Nd-Fe-B magnet of gained, Pr, Dy, Tb, Nb, Co, Cu, Al can or lack usefulness, and C can be used as unavoidable impurities and enters into magnet.
Scheme according to qualifications is can also comprise Pr, Dy, Co, Cu and Al the composition of Nd, Fe, B, Gd except necessity, and can use 1wt.%≤Pr wt.%≤20wt.%, 0.2wt.%≤Dy wt.%≤10wt.%, 0.5wt.%≤Co wt.%≤30wt.%, 0.1wt.%≤Al wt.%≤3wt.%, 0.05wt.%≤Cu wt.%≤1wt.%.
The invention has the advantages that: utilize the method for adding heavy rare earth element Gd that the coercive force temperature coefficient β of the resulting magnet of the present invention is reduced, thereby improve magnet coercive force at high temperature, make magnet have high-temperature stability.Used material purity is less demanding, and low price is with low cost; The preparation method is simple and practical, does not need to change existing Nd-Fe-B manufacturing equipment and technology, and production process is controlled easily, and it is high to make stability, and magnetic property also can be controlled at a relatively large scope.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the demagnetization curve under the sintered state Nd-Gd-Fe-B magnet normal temperature;
Fig. 2 is the demagnetization curve of the Nd-Gd-Fe-B magnet of 20 ℃ and 150 ℃.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiment, and embodiments of the invention only are used to technical scheme of the present invention is described, and non-limiting the present invention.
Embodiment 1～6
Proportionately be divided into (1) Nd
24.5Pr
5Dy
2.5Fe
65.05Co
1.5Cu
0.15Al
0.3B
1The melting ingot casting.Through the broken laggard capable airflow milling of hydrogen, the fine powder that makes is orientation and moulding under 1.8～2T in magnetic field, after add static pressure such as 200MPa again, at last under vacuum state 1000 ℃～1200 ℃ carry out sintering, obtain behind the magnet 480～600 ℃ of annealing 5 hours, thereby make do not contain Gd neodymium iron boron magnetic body in contrast, referring to embodiment in the table 11.
Adopt the method for the foregoing description 1 to prepare that different Gd content, composition are respectively (2) Nd between 0.5wt.%～25wt.%
24Pr
5Dy
2.5Gd
0.5Fe
65.05Co
1.5Cu
0.15Al
0.3B
1, (3) Nd
23.5Pr
5Dy
2.5Gd
1.0Fe
65.05Co
1.5Cu
0.15Al
0.3B
1, (4) Nd
22Pr
5Dy
2.5Gd
2.5Fe
65.05Co
1.5Cu
0.15Al
0.3B
1, (5) Nd
19.5Pr
5Dy
2.5Gd
5Fe
65.05Co
1.5Cu
0.15Al
0.3B
1, (6) Nd
4.5Dy
2.5Gd
25Fe
65.05Co
1.5Cu
0.15Al
0.3B
1The normal temperature magnetic property of magnet and 20～150 ℃ average temperature coefficient are referring to table 1.
Table 1
| Embodiment | Composition (wt.%) | ??Gd ??(wt.％) | ??Br ??(kGs) | ??Hcj ??(kOe) | ??(BH) Max??(MGOe) | Br temperature coefficient α | Hcj temperature coefficient β |
| ??1 | ??Nd24.5Pr5Dy2.5Fe65.05 ??Co1.5Cu0.15Al0.3B1 | ??0 | ??12.40 | ??20.5 | ??36.92 | ??-0.128％ | ??-0.79％ |
| ??2 | ??Nd24Pr5Dy2.5Gd0.5Fe65.05 ??Co1.5Cu0.15Al0.3B1 | ??0.5 | ??12.20 | ??20.9 | ??35.74 | ??-0.124％ | ??-0.71％ |
| ??3 | ??Nd23.5Pr5Dy2.5Gd1.0Fe65.05 ??Co1.5Cu0.15Al0.3B1 | ??1.0 | ??11.95 | ??21.3 | ??34.29 | ??-0.115％ | ??-0.62％ |
| ??4 | ??Nd22Pr5Dy2.5Gd2.5Fe65.05 ??Co1.5Cu0.15Al0.3B1 | ??2.5 | ??11.75 | ??21.5 | ??33.64 | ??-0.096％ | ??-0.48％ |
| ??5 | ??Nd19.5Pr5Dy2.5Gd5Fe65.05 ??Co1.5Cu0.15Al0.3B1 | ??5 | ??11.5 | ??21.6 | ??31.75 | ??-0.095％ | ??-0.48％ |
| ??6 | ??Nd4.5Dy2.5Gd25Fe65.05 ??Co1.5Cu0.15Al0.3B1 | ??25 | ??10.2 | ??22.2 | ??24.98 | ??-0.094％ | ??-0.48％ |
Correspondingly, Fig. 1 has provided the Nd-Gd-Fe-B magnet room temperature demagnetization curve of different Gd content in the table 1.Can see from Fig. 1 and table 1, the interpolation of the antiferromagnetism transition element Gd of minute quantity, the magnetic property of magnet changes little.Along with increasing of Gd, the remanent magnetism of magnet reduces, coercive force increases, when the percentage by weight of Gd reaches 2.5wt.%, the coercive force of magnet increases obviously, comparing Gd content and be 0 magnet increases 1.0kOe, and when the percentage by weight of Gd reaches 25wt.%, and it is 0 magnet increase 1.7kOe that the coercive force of magnet is compared Gd content.
We can also see by table 1, and magnet reduces along with increasing of Gd addition at 20～150 ℃ average temperature coefficient, and when Gd addition during greater than 0.5wt%, its high-temperature stability significantly improves, and can be competent at high temperature operational environments such as motor.
In addition, table 2 has provided among Fig. 2 that Gd content is the every performance index and the temperature coefficient of the magnet of 2.5wt.% under the different temperatures.
Table 2
Can be known by table 2: remanent magnetism and the coercive force average temperature coefficient between 20～150 ℃ is α :-0.096%, and β :-0.48%, therefore have lower remanent magnetism and coercive force temperature coefficient.The heat resistance of such temperature coefficient explanation magnet is improved, and makes sintered Nd-Gd-Fe-B magnet can be widely used in non-traditional fields such as automobile, motor.And the close trade mark N35SH of SUMITOMO CHEMICAL index is: α :-0.110%, and β :-0.55% (referring to Zhou Shouzeng, Dong Qingfei work " superpower permanet magnetic body " the 2nd edition metallurgical industry publishing house 2004 years).
Correspondingly, the demagnetization curve under the sintered Nd when Fig. 2 Gd content is 2.5wt.%-Gd-Fe-B magnet different temperatures can be seen, has reached 7.86kOe at the coercive force of 150 ℃ of magnets, and Hk is 7.5kOe, meets the application requirements of a lot of machine fields.
Adopt the magnetic property consistency of above-mentioned prescription and the resulting magnet of method better, can better meet application requirements; The material purity that uses low (the Gd purity that adopts among the embodiment 1 is 95wt.%), price comparison cheap (price of Gd is 1/3 of Nd approximately at present, is 1/8 of Dy, Tb 1/50), do not use or seldom use heavy rare earth elements such as expensive Dy, Tb, with low cost; The manufacture method of magnet is simple, does not need to change the manufacturing equipment and the technology of existing sintered nd-fe-b magnet substantially, and the consistency of magnet is controlled easily, and it is high to make stability, realizes large-scale industrialization production easily.
Below the temperature coefficient described in each table all refer to average temperature coefficient between 20～150 ℃.
Embodiment 7～9
Composition is respectively (7) Nd
27Dy
2.5Gd
2.5Fe
65.05Co
1.5Cu
0.15Al
0.3B
1, (8) Nd
27Tb
2.5Gd
2.5Fe
65.05Co
1.5Cu
0.15Al
0.3B
1, (9) Nd
22Pr
5Tb
1.25Dy
1.25Gd
2.5Fe
65.05Co
1.5Cu
0.15Al
0.3B
1The ingot casting method preparation of pressing embodiment 1～6 respectively, the result such as the table 3 of gained.
Table 3
| Embodiment | Composition (wt.%) | ??Br ??(kGs) | ??Hcj ??(kOe) | ??(BH) Max??(MGOe) | Br temperature coefficient α | Hcj temperature coefficient β |
| ??7 | ??Nd 27Dy 2.5Gd 2.5Fe 65.05??Co 1.5Cu 0.15Al 0.3B 1 | ??11.85 | ??20.5 | ??34.2 | ??-0.096％ | ??-0.48％ |
| ??8 | ??Nd 27Tb 2.5Gd 2.5Fe 65.05??Co 1.5Cu 0.15Al 0.3B 1 | ??11.84 | ??20.9 | ??34.2 | ??-0.096％ | ??-0.48％ |
| ??9 | ??Nd 22Pr 5Tb 1.25Dy 1.25Gd 2.5??Fe 65.05Co 1.5Cu 0.15Al 0.3B 1 | ??11.82 | ??20.8 | ??34.1 | ??-0.096％ | ??-0.48％ |
Composition is respectively (10) Nd
27Dy
2.5Gd
2.5Fe
65.05Co
1.5Cu
0.15Al
0.3B
1, (11) Nd
24.5Dy
5Gd
2.5Fe
65.05Co
1.5Cu
0.15Al
0.3B
1, (12) Nd
27Tb
2.5Gd
2.5Fe
65.05Co
1.5Cu
0.15Al
0.3B
1, (13) Nd
24.5Tb
5Gd
2.5Fe
65.05Co
1.5Cu
0.15Al
0.3B
1The ingot casting method preparation of pressing embodiment 1～6 respectively, the result such as the table 4 of gained.
Table 4
| Embodiment | Composition (wt.%) | ??Br ??(kGs) | ??Hcj ??(kOe) | ??(BH) Max??(MGOe) | Br temperature coefficient α | Hcj temperature coefficient β |
| ??10 | ??Nd 27Dy 2.5Gd 2.5Fe 65.05??Co 1.5Cu 0.15Al 0.3B 1 | ??11.85 | ??20.5 | ??34.2 | ??-0.096％ | ??-0.48％ |
| ??11 | ??Nd 24.5Dy 5Gd 2.5Fe 65.05??Co 1.5Cu 0.15Al 0.3B 1 | ??11.45 | ??23.9 | ??32.0 | ??-0.096％ | ??-0.48％ |
| ??12 | ??Nd 27Tb 2.5Gd 2.5Fe 65.05??Co 1.5Cu 0.15Al 0.3B 1 | ??11.86 | ??20.9 | ??34.2 | ??-0.096％ | ??-0.48％ |
| ??13 | ??Nd 24.5Tb 5Gd 2.5Fe 65.05??Co 1.5Cu 0.15Al 0.3B 1 | ??11.46 | ??25.2 | ??32.0 | ??-0.096％ | ??-0.48％ |
Composition is respectively (14) Nd
28.5Pr
1Gd
2.5Fe
66.7Al
0.3B
1, (15) Nd
24.5Pr
5Gd
2.5Fe
66.7Al
0.3B
1, (16) Nd
9.5Pr
20Gd
2.5Fe
66.7Al
0.3B
1The ingot casting method preparation of pressing embodiment 1～6 respectively, the result such as the table 5 of gained.
Table 5
| Embodiment | Composition (wt.%) | ??Br ??(kGs) | ??Hcj ??(kOe) | ??(BH) Max??(MGOe) | Br temperature coefficient α | Hcj temperature coefficient β |
| ??14 | ??Nd 28.5Pr 1Gd 2.5Fe 66.7Al 0.3B 1 | ??12.83 | ??12.5 | ??40.9 | ??-0.096％ | ??-0.48％ |
| ??15 | ??Nd 24.5Pr 5Gd 2.5Fe 66.7Al 0.3B 1 | ??12.79 | ??13.1 | ??39.9 | ??-0.096％ | ??-0.48％ |
| ??16 | ??Nd 9.5Pr 20Gd 2.5Fe 66.7Al 0.3B 1 | ??12.66 | ??14.8 | ??39.1 | ??-0.096％ | ??-0.48％ |
Embodiment 17～19
Composition is respectively (17) Nd
29.3Dy
0.2Gd
2.5Fe
65.05Co
1.5Cu
0.15Al
0.3B
1, (18) Nd
27Dy
2.5Gd
2.5Fe
65.05Co
1.5Cu
0.15Al
0.3B
1, (19) Nd
19.5Dy
10Gd
2.5Fe
65.05Co
1.5Cu
0.15Al
0.3B
1The ingot casting method preparation of pressing embodiment 1～6 respectively, the result such as the table 6 of gained.
Table 6
| Embodiment | Composition (wt.%) | ??Br ??(kGs) | ??Hcj ??(kOe) | ??(BH) Max??(MGOe) | Br temperature coefficient α | Hcj temperature coefficient β |
| ??17 | ??Nd 29.3Dy 0.2Gd 2.5Fe 65.05??Co 1.5Cu 0.15Al 0.3B 1 | ??12.81 | ??12.9 | ??40.0 | ??-0.096％ | ??-0.48％ |
| ??18 | ??Nd 27Dy 2.5Gd 2.5Fe 65.05??Co 1.5Cu 0.15Al 0.3B 1 | ??11.85 | ??20.5 | ??34.2 | ??-0.096％ | ??-0.48％ |
| ??19 | ??Nd 19.5Dy 10Gd 2.5Fe 65.05??Co 1.5Cu 0.15Al 0.3B 1 | ??11.02 | ??32.5 | ??29.6 | ??-0.096％ | ??-0.48％ |
Composition is respectively (20) Nd
27Dy
2.5Gd
2.5Fe
66.1Co
0.5Cu
0.1Al
0.3B
1, (21) Nd
27Dy
2.5Gd
2.5Fe
65.6Co
1Cu
0.1Al
0.3B
1, (22) Nd
27Dy
2.5Gd
2.5Fe
66.6Co
30Cu
0.1Al
0.3B
1The ingot casting method preparation of pressing embodiment 1～6 respectively, the result such as the table 7 of gained.
Table 7
| Embodiment | Composition (wt.%) | ??Br ??(kGs) | ??Hcj ??(kOe) | ??(BH) Max??(MGOe) | Br temperature coefficient α | Hcj temperature coefficient β |
| ??20 | ??Nd 27Dy 2.5Gd 2.5Fe 66.1??Co 0.5Cu 0.1Al 0.3B 1 | ??11.85 | ??20.3 | ??34.2 | ??-0.096％ | ??-0.48％ |
| ??21 | ??Nd 27Dy 2.5Gd 2.5Fe 65.6??Co 1Cu 0.1Al 0.3B 1 | ??11.83 | ??20.4 | ??34.1 | ??-0.096％ | ??-0.48％ |
| ??22 | ??Nd 27Dy 2.5Gd 2.5Fe 66.6??Co 30Cu 0.1Al 0.3B 1 | ??11.22 | ??16.5 | ??26.8 | ??-0.085％ | ??-0.45％ |
Embodiment 23～25
Composition is respectively (23) Nd
24.5Pr
5Gd
2.5Fe
66.9Al
0.1B
1, (24) Nd
24.5Pr
5Gd
2.5Fe
66.7Al
0.3B
1, (25) Nd
24.5Pr
5Gd
2.5Fe
64Al
3B
1The ingot casting method preparation of pressing embodiment 1～6 respectively, the result such as the table 8 of gained.
Table 8
| Embodiment | Composition (wt.%) | ??Br ??(kGs) | ??Hcj ??(kOe) | ??(BH) Max??(MGOe) | Br temperature coefficient α | Hcj temperature coefficient β |
| ??23 | ??Nd 24.5Pr 5Gd 2.5Fe 66.9??Al 0.1B 1 | ??12.92 | ??12.1 | ??40.7 | ??-0.096％ | ??-0.48％ |
| ??24 | ??Nd 24.5Pr 5Gd 2.5Fe 66.7??Al 0.3B 1 | ??12.79 | ??13.1 | ??39.9 | ??-0.096％ | ??-0.48％ |
| ??25 | ??Nd 24.5Pr 5Gd 2.5Fe 64??Al 3B 1 | ??11.62 | ??16.8 | ??32.5 | ??-0.096％ | ??-0.48％ |
Embodiment 26～27
Composition is respectively (26) Nd
26.4Pr
5Gd0.6Fe
66.7Al
0.3B
1, (27) Nd
7Gd
25Fe
66.7Al
0.3B
1The ingot casting method preparation of pressing embodiment 1～6 respectively, the result such as the table 9 of gained.
Table 9
| Embodiment | Composition (wt.%) | ??Br ??(kGs) | ??Hcj ??(kOe) | ??(BH) Max??(MGOe) | Br temperature coefficient α | Hcj temperature coefficient β |
| ??26 | ??Nd 26.4Pr 5Gd 0.6Fe 66.7Al 0.3B 1 | ??13.59 | ??12.2 | ??45.0 | ??-0.096％ | ??-0.48％ |
| ??27 | ??Nd 7Gd 25Fe 66.7Al 0.3B 1 | ??10.13 | ??17.2 | ??25.0 | ??-0.096％ | ??-0.48％ |
Embodiment 28～30
Composition is respectively (28) Nd
27Dy
2.5Gd
2.5Fe
65.65Co
1Cu
0.05Al
0.3B
1, (29) Nd
27Dy
2.5Gd
2.5Fe
65.6Co
1Cu
0.1Al
0.3B
1, (30) Nd
27Dy
2.5Gd
2.5Fe
64.7Co
1Cu
1Al
0.3B
1The ingot casting method preparation of pressing embodiment 1～6 respectively, the result such as the table 10 of gained.
Table 10
| Embodiment | Composition (wt.%) | ??Br ??(kGs) | ??Hcj ??(kOe) | ??(BH) Max??(MGOe) | Br temperature coefficient α | Hcj temperature coefficient β |
| ??28 | ??Nd 27Dy 2.5Gd 2.5Fe 65.65??Co 1Cu 0.05Al 0.3B 1 | ??11.85 | ??20.1 | ??34.2 | ??-0.096％ | ??-0.48％ |
| ??29 | ??Nd 27Dy 2.5Gd 2.5Fe 65.6??Co 1Cu 0.1Al 0.3B 1 | ??11.83 | ??20.4 | ??34.1 | ??-0.096％ | ??-0.48％ |
| ??30 | ??Nd 27Dy 2.5Gd 2.5Fe 64.7??Co 1Cu 1Al 0.3B 1 | ??11.83 | ??20.2 | ??34.1 | ??-0.096％ | ??-0.48％ |
Wherein, the detection of Nd-Fe-B magnet can detect by conventional magnetic property, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy even light microscope.The Gd element can be determined by the method for conventional chemical analysis, icp analysis and spectrum analysis.
Though introduce and described the specific embodiment of the present invention, the present invention is not limited thereto, but can also come specific implementation with the alternate manner in the scope that is in the technical scheme that defines in the claims.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of permanent-magnet rare-earth NdFeB alloy that contains gadolinium, it consists of:
Re
αGd
βB
γM
xN
yFe
100-alpha-beta-γ-x-y, it is characterized in that:
Re is a rare earth element, comprises at least a element or more than one elements that are selected among La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y and the Sc;
M comprises Co and Cu for adding element;
N comprises one or more elements that are selected among Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Zn, Ga, Ge, Al, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Hf, Ta, W, Pd, Au, Pb and the Bi for adding element;
α, β, γ, x, y are each element wt degree;
Fe is Fe and unavoidable impurities;
Wherein, 29≤α≤35,0.50＜β≤25,0.95≤γ≤1.20,0≤x≤10,0≤y≤1.50.
2, the permanent-magnet rare-earth NdFeB alloy that contains gadolinium according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described Gd comprises the raw material of Gd metal element or Gd alloy.
3, the permanent-magnet rare-earth NdFeB alloy that contains gadolinium according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described Re comprises Nd and Dy, Nd and Tb, Nd and Pr or Nd, Dy, Pr and Tb.
4, the permanent-magnet rare-earth NdFeB alloy that contains gadolinium according to claim 3 is characterized in that, content≤5.0wt.% of described Dy or Tb.
5, the permanent-magnet rare-earth NdFeB alloy that contains gadolinium according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described N comprises Nb and Al or Al.
6, the permanent-magnet rare-earth NdFeB alloy that contains gadolinium according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described Re comprises Pr and Dy; Described M comprises Co and Cu; Described N comprises Al.
7, the permanent-magnet rare-earth NdFeB alloy that contains gadolinium according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described Pr, Dy, Co, Cu and Al element wt degree are 1≤Pr≤20,0.2≤Dy≤10,0.5≤Co≤30,0.05≤Cu≤1,0.1≤Al≤3.
8, according to the arbitrary described permanent-magnet rare-earth NdFeB alloy that contains gadolinium of claim 1～7, it is characterized in that the magnetic energy product of this permanent-magnet rare-earth NdFeB alloy is 25～45MGOe.
9, a kind of manufacturing arbitrary described method that contains the permanent-magnet rare-earth NdFeB alloy of gadolinium of claim as described above, described method comprises the steps:
(1) melting: raw material are carried out the melting ingot casting;
(2) powder process: by the hydrogen fragmentation alloy pig is carried out fragmentation, carry out airflow milling again to make powder;
(3) moulding: with above-mentioned powder is to be orientated and to be shaped to pressed compact under 1.8～2T in magnetic field;
(4) sintering: pressed compact is added static pressure such as 200MPa, under vacuum state, 1000～1200 ℃ of temperature, carry out sintering again;
(5) annealing: the pressed compact behind the sintering is annealed under vacuum state, 480～600 ℃ of temperature, to make the permanent-magnet rare-earth NdFeB alloy that contains gadolinium.
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