CN101626649B - Energy-saving lighting method and device in school classrooms - Google Patents
Energy-saving lighting method and device in school classrooms Download PDFInfo
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- CN101626649B CN101626649B CN2008102309391A CN200810230939A CN101626649B CN 101626649 B CN101626649 B CN 101626649B CN 2008102309391 A CN2008102309391 A CN 2008102309391A CN 200810230939 A CN200810230939 A CN 200810230939A CN 101626649 B CN101626649 B CN 101626649B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to an energy-saving lighting method and a device in school classrooms, belonging to the technical field of energy saving. The method comprises the following steps: dividing all the classrooms into different regions based on the neighboring rule, installing personnel entry and exit sensing counting devices at the entrance and exit of each classroom; in the time period requiring lighting, turning on the lights in one classroom in each region at first and counting the total of the self-study personnel left after the personnel enter and exit from the classroom by the sensing counting devices, turning on the set lights in the next classroom when the total of the self-study personnel in the classroom reaches or exceeds the number of personnel set by the system and doing the rest in the same manner until the lights in all the classrooms are turned on. The energy-saving lighting device comprises a main singlechip, a real-time clock (RTC) circuit, an address latch, a cascade control circuit, an RS485 communication interface circuit, a keyboard and a display device; the RTC circuit, the address latch, the cascade control circuit, the RS485 communication interface circuit, the keyboard and the display device are connected into an I/O port corresponding to the main singlechip. The invention improves the utilization ratio of the electric energy, can set certain time at which the lights in all the classrooms are turned off after self-study classes in the evening and stops lights from burning all night.
Description
Technical field
The present invention and a kind of classroom energy-saving illumination means and device belong to field of energy-saving technology.
Background technology
In in the past traditional university's class management, the management of lighting lamp for classroom is in disordered state, particularly review one's lessons by oneself the time in evening, nearly all illuminating lamp all is in opening, and it is very inhomogeneous in the distribution in classroom to review one's lessons by oneself the student, and some classroom is the no one almost, and illuminating lamp is still opened, and " pilot burner " phenomenon ubiquity has caused great waste.
Existing power-saving technology implementation is installed intelligent apparatus for passing through to daylight lamp, and the people comes in to sit down, and the lamp of top, seat just lights automatically, and the people leaves, the lamp automatic distinguishing.This intelligent apparatus is on daylight lamp far infrared energy-saving switch, and after the installation, daylight lamp can be according to illuminance and needs illumination zone, and power switch is controlled in induction automatically.
Prior art is as long as there is the people in the classroom, no matter what, daylight lamp all can be bright, wherein has three problems: daylight lamp also can be bright when the classroom number was few, and utilization rate of electrical is low, and energy-saving effect is not obvious; When the classroom number is few, only have the lamp of top, people seat bright, illumination is low, and the student easily forms myopia; Can not centralized control and automatically turn off the light according to the time of reviewing one's lessons by oneself.
In order to solve above problem, strengthen the administration of energy conservation to the university classroom, just need to accomplish according to the reasonable open classroom of reviewing one's lessons by oneself of students ' actual situation demand.This invention is based on that singlechip technology and bonding position type human body sensing are surveyed sensor-based system and software controlling technique and a kind of dynamic classroom intelligence control system that designs.So-called Based Intelligent Control is according to real-time number and illumination in the classroom, dynamically opens or close illuminating lamp.Its used known technology mainly comprises Pedestrian flow detection technology and lighting control technique, and people's flow sensor mainly adopts the top to fill act detection mode that diffuses, and every group of people's flow sensor is comprised of an infrared transmitter and an infrared receiver.Transmitter and receiver are made into integrated, and the infrared ray of transmitter emission can be reflected when running into human body or clothes, and after receiving the infrared ray that is reflected when receiver, think that someone passes through, and receiver does not receive infrared ray and thinks the unmanned state.The gateway width is divided into a plurality of zones, and there is corresponding people's flow sensor in each zone, guarantees the infrared ray that human body or clothes in any position, gateway can have correspondence to be reflected.Just can detect people's flow data that many people pass through simultaneously by the zone division.
The top fills act detection mode that diffuses, and is easy for installation, only need be installed in the gateway and get final product.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of classroom energy-saving illumination means and device, to solve university's lighting lamp for classroom centralized control and utilization rate of electrical is low and the waste problem.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of classroom energy-saving illumination means, and the method may further comprise the steps:
The a classroom of will all throwing light on is divided into different zones by neighbour's principle, and the import and export in each classroom arranges personnel and passes in and out the sensing gauge counting apparatus;
B is in the time period of needs illumination, each zone is the illumination in an open classroom wherein first, the sensing gauge counting apparatus calculates the last personnel's of reviewing one's lessons by oneself sum behind the turnover classroom, in this classroom, review one's lessons by oneself personnel's sum, when meeting or exceeding the number of default, then open the illuminating lamp in the next classroom of setting, by that analogy, until the illuminating lamp in all classrooms is all opened.
When in the same area, having the number in two and above classroom to meet or exceed simultaneously the number of default, then open simultaneously the illuminating lamp in these classrooms.
The illuminating lamp opening sequence is take close fire exit as preferential.
The illuminating lamp of regional is opened with even distribution and is as the criterion then.
A kind of classroom energy-saving illuminator, a kind of classroom energy-saving illuminator, it is characterized in that: this device comprise an overhead control unit and with the sub level joint control unit processed of classroom quantity same number, described overhead control unit comprises address latch, communication interface circuit, keyboard and the display device of host scm, real time clock circuit, connexon cascade control module and host scm; Described real time clock circuit is connected into respectively the outside input pin of a timer and the outside input pin of another timer of host scm by serial clock input pin and serial data I/O pin, described address latch data bus mouth is connected into the corresponding I/O mouth of host scm, described communication interface circuit is connected into the corresponding interface of host scm, and the data bus mouth of described keyboard and the data bus mouth of display device are connected into respectively the corresponding I/O mouth of single-chip microcomputer; Described sub level joint control unit processed comprises time single-chip microcomputer, be used for being connected with the overhead control unit be complementary another communication interface circuit of connection of communication interface circuit, the Pedestrian flow detection circuit in turnover classroom, the classroom power control, luminance detection and opening, the pick-up unit of closing the door, described luminance detection and opening, the pick-up unit of closing the door is connected into respectively time corresponding I/O mouth of single-chip microcomputer, described another communication interface circuit is connected into the corresponding interface of time single-chip microcomputer, described Pedestrian flow detection circuit output is connected into time corresponding I/O mouth of single-chip microcomputer, and described classroom power control also is connected into time corresponding I/O mouth of single-chip microcomputer.
The communication interface circuit of described main control unit connects respectively serial port receiver input pin and the serial port transmitter output pin of communication interface circuit in the sub-control unit by serial port receiver input pin and serial port transmitter output pin.
The Pedestrian flow detection circuit in described turnover classroom comprises and is installed at least one pair of inside and outside infrared ray transmitting and receiving device of doorway, classroom and is used for the d type flip flop that enters the classroom or walk out classroom personnel counting, an output terminal of described d type flip flop is connected into an I/O mouth of time single-chip microcomputer, and the data input pin of this d type flip flop and input end of clock join with the output of a pair of infrared ray transmitting and receiving device respectively.
Described infrared ray transmitting and receiving device comprises infrared ray emission modulation circuit, the infrared ray receiving circuit, low-pass filter circuit, signal amplification circuit and demodulator circuit, described infrared ray emission modulating device is made of a current-limiting resistance and light emitting diode and Technitron series connection, described infrared ray receiving circuit is made of a current-limiting resistance and an infrared ray reception diode, described demodulator circuit is made of the chip that is used for phase modulation, wherein the base stage of the Technitron in the infrared ray emission modulating device is connected into the high-frequency agitation source output of chip, the output of infrared radiation receiving circuit connects the input of low-pass filter circuit, the output of low-pass filter circuit connects the signal amplification circuit input, and the output of signal amplification circuit connects the input end of chip.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: in the overhead control unit in the real-time timepiece chip precise time, by the analysis of single-chip microcomputer according to the luminance detection result, open in real time the illuminating lamp in one of them classroom under each sub-control unit, at this moment Pedestrian flow detection is the result of number detection in these classrooms, be returned to the overhead control unit, when reaching or surpass on the number of default, the number in these classrooms prescribes a time limit, the overhead control main computer unit is controlled by cascade, open the illuminating lamp in next classroom, the like; Just avoided in some situation of reviewing one's lessons by oneself the fewer in number or no one in classroom, the situation that illuminating lamp is still opened, improved the utilization factor of electric energy, simultaneously in the overhead control unit, be set in late certain time of reviewing one's lessons by oneself after finishing, the illuminating lamp unification in all classrooms is closed, can effectively stop " pilot burner " phenomenon.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of overhead control unit;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of Pedestrian flow detection and power control unit;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of one road Emission and receiving of infrared modulation-demodulation circuit.
Embodiment
A kind of classroom energy-saving illumination means, implementation the method may further comprise the steps:
The a classroom of will all throwing light on is divided into different zones by neighbour's principle, and the import and export in each classroom arranges personnel and passes in and out the sensing gauge counting apparatus;
B is in the time period of needs illumination, each zone is the illumination in an open classroom wherein first, the sensing gauge counting apparatus calculates the last personnel's of reviewing one's lessons by oneself sum behind the turnover classroom, in this classroom, review one's lessons by oneself personnel's sum, when meeting or exceeding the number of default, then open the illuminating lamp in the next classroom of setting, by that analogy, until the illuminating lamp in all classrooms is all opened.If when in the same area, having the number in two and above classroom to meet or exceed simultaneously the number of default, then open simultaneously the illuminating lamp in these classrooms.
Consider safety factor, from being convenient to the Evacuation angle, the illuminating lamp opening sequence is take close fire exit as preferential in this energy-conservation means of illumination.
From the angle of balance regional power load, the illuminating lamp of regional is opened with even distribution and is as the criterion then in this energy-conservation means of illumination.
A kind of classroom energy-saving illuminator, embodiment is:
Fig. 1 is block diagram of the present invention, this device comprises overhead control unit, first with the sub-controlled stage receipts or other documents in duplicate of classroom quantity same number, each sub level joint control unit processed is connected into the overhead control unit, and each sub-control unit comprises population flow detection device, switch gate pick-up unit and the illumination control apparatus that is installed in each doorway, classroom.
The principle of work of overhead control unit is: the overhead control unit mainly is to transmit a comparatively accurate and unified temporal information to each sub level joint control unit processed, carries out unified illumination scheduling controlling; Adopt special-purpose time chip in the overhead control unit, produce correct time information, and the time of can being undertaken by the keyboard that is located at the overhead control unit adjust and set, and can rotate by display device and show flow of the people information and the lighting condition in each room; Can carry out centralized control to the illumination in all cascade classrooms by the overhead control unit, also can carry out single control to the illumination in a certain classroom; For example at first in a zone, open the illuminating lamp in a classroom, other lighting lamp for classroom Close Alls; Adopt the number of student in this classroom of human body detection technology for detection, after the number that meets or exceeds system's regulation, illuminating lamp by the next classroom of overhead control unit controls is opened, continue to detect the number in the classroom, the like, when needs are all or part of when closing illuminating lamp (such as reviewing one's lessons by oneself evening such as end, vacation etc.), by all or part of closed condition that is in of overhead control unit controls illuminating lamp.
The principle that demographics is reviewed one's lessons by oneself in each classroom is: sub-control unit receives the temporal information of sending from the overhead control unit by communication interface, start by set date and shutdown detecting circuit, wherein the Pedestrian flow detection in the sub-control unit is to fill act detection mode that diffuses by the top, form one infrared light curtain on the doorway, a door is divided several zones, a pair of infrared emission, receiving element are equipped with in each zone, infrared emission, a receiving element detect and enter, another detection is gone out, and can reach simultaneously many people are passed in and out counting; For example: when having the people to enter, corresponding infrared light receiver is received the infrared light from the human body reflection, trigger by the trigger in people's current detection circuit, the high level signal of entering for representative of single-chip microcomputer, when having the people to go out, corresponding infrared light receiver is received the infrared light from the human body reflection, trigger by the trigger in people's current detection circuit, the low level signal of going out for representative of single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer is done subtraction to the total number of persons of entering with the total number of persons of going out and is drawn number actual in the classroom.Owing to also containing infrared light in the light that natural light and some other light fixture send, these light can be received by infrared remote receiver, easily produce and disturb and misoperation, in order to prevent this phenomenon, with the modulation about the light process 10KHZ (or 38KHZ) of infrared tube emission, outwards send infrared pulse light, infrared remote receiver carries out frequency-selecting to the light signal that receives, take out the infrared signal of 10KHZ (or 38KHZ), amplify at last shaping.Adopt simultaneously switch gate to detect and got rid of the interference of switch gate to effective counting, luminance detection can be passed to main control unit to real-time information according to the variation of extraneous light, opens in real time the classroom illumination control device by it.
The schematic diagram of overhead control unit shown in Figure 2 comprises single-chip microcomputer W77E58P-40, address latch SN74HC573,485 telecommunication circuits, real-time clock device, keyboard and display device; Data-in port 2 pin of address latch～9 pin meet respectively the P00～P07 of single-chip microcomputer P0 mouth, and 11 pin meet the ALE of single-chip microcomputer, and 20 pin connect the 5V power supply, 1 pin, 10 pin ground connection; 485 telecommunication circuits mainly are made of MAX485CAP chip and peripheral cell thereof, and 1 pin of 485 chips, 4 pin meet respectively P30, the P31 of single-chip microcomputer, and 2 pin, 3 pin of 485 chips meet P32 together, 8 pin connect the 5V power supply, 5 pin ground connection, resistance R 4 is connected with wire jumper JP2, is connected between 6 pin and 7 pin; The change-over circuit that resistance R 2, R3, R8 and triode Q1 consist of, R8 is the current-limiting resistance of base stage, the collector of the termination Q1 of R3, another termination+12V, the P33 of the termination single-chip microcomputer of R2, another termination 12V power supply; Real time clock circuit mainly is made of special-purpose time chip PCF8563P and peripheral circuit, crystal oscillator X2 of serial connection between 1 pin of chip, 2 pin, 1 pin is to variable capacitance C8 of serial connection between the ground, 4 pin ground connection, 8 pin connect power supply, 7 pin, 6 pin, 5 pin connect the 5V power supply by resistance R 7, R6, R5 respectively, 5 pin, 6 pin meet respectively single-chip microcomputer P34, P35, the power supply of real time clock circuit adopts the duplex feeding mode, one the tunnel is the 5V power supply connects real-time timepiece chip by diode D1 8 pin, and another road is the positive pole of battery connects real-time timepiece chip by diode D2 8 pin; Keyboard mainly is made of the resistor chain of 8 buttons and 9 pins, one end of 8 buttons connects one to one with 2～9 pin of resistor chain respectively, their other end connects the 5V power supply together, 1 pin of resistor chain also connects the 5V power supply, and 2～9 pin of resistor chain connect one to one with the P10～P17 of the P1 mouth of single-chip microcomputer respectively; Display circuit mainly is comprised of liquid crystal module JP1,9～16 pin of liquid crystal module connect one to one with the P00～P07 of single-chip microcomputer P0 mouth respectively, 3 pin connect the output terminal of bleeder circuit, described bleeder circuit is made of slide rheostat, 18 pin of its a termination liquid crystal module, other end ground connection, slider connects 3 pin, 4 pin, 5 pin, 6 pin connect respectively P36, P37, the P27 pin of single-chip microcomputer, 19 pin of 7 pin ground connection location latchs, 8 pin connect by connect with capacitor C 8 output terminal of the reset circuit that consists of of resistance R 8,1 pin, 19 pin ground connection, and 2 pin, 20 pin connect the 5V power supply; The RESET of single-chip microcomputer connects the output terminal of the reset circuit that is made of resistance R 1 and capacitor C 1 series connection.
The schematic diagram of Pedestrian flow detection shown in Figure 3 and power control unit, it comprises single chip computer AT 89C52,485 telecommunication circuits, two rising edge trigger 74LS74 and infrared transceiver circuit; 485 telecommunication circuits mainly are made of MAX485CAP chip and peripheral cell thereof, and 1 pin of 485 chips, 4 pin meet respectively P30, the P31 of single-chip microcomputer, and 2 pin, 3 pin of 485 chips meet P25 together, 8 pin connect the 5V power supply, 5 pin ground connection, resistance R 1 is connected with wire jumper JP1, is connected between 6 pin and 7 pin.The change-over circuit that resistance R 9, R10, R11 and triode Q1 consist of, R9 is the current-limiting resistance of base stage, R10 is the current-limiting resistance of the collector of Q1, R11 is connected between base stage and the emitter, the collector of Q1 meets the P26 of single-chip microcomputer, the collector of triode in the change-over circuit of the CON_JL termination overhead control unit of R3.
The Emission and receiving of infrared modulation-demodulation circuit that a route LM567 shown in Figure 4 forms, the photosensitive diode D1 series connection of resistance R 3 and infrared ray consists of infrared receiving circuit, wherein resistance R 3 provides biasing for the photosensitive diode D1 of infrared ray, the signal of the output of the photosensitive diode D1 of infrared ray is input to the inverting input of amplifier U4A by the circuit that is made of capacitor C 3 and resistance R 4 series connection, the positive input end grounding of amplifier U4A, the inverting input of amplifier U4A is connected in series with output terminal by resistance R 5 and adjustable resistance VR1, wherein amplifier U4A amplifies the signal of the output of the photosensitive diode D1 of infrared ray, regulate adjustable resistance VR1 and can change enlargement factor, change infrared receiving circuit sensitivity; The output of amplifier U4A connects 3 pin of chip U3,1 pin of U3,2 pin are respectively by capacitor C 5, capacitor C 6 ground connection, connecting resistance R6 between 5 pin of U3 and 6 pin, 6 pin of U3 are by capacitor C 8 ground connection, 4 pin of U3 connect+12V by R7,7 pin ground connection, 8 pin link to each other with+12V through pull-up resistor R13, infrared emission tube D2 and resistance R 8 series connections are at the collector of triode Q2, the grounded emitter of triode Q2, the base stage of triode Q2 connects 5 pin of U3 by capacitor C 7, wherein U3 is phase-locked loop intergrated circuit LM567, the square wave electric signal that LM567 produces is modulated on the infrared ray signal and launches, the photosensitive diode of infrared ray receives this signal, and it is become electric signal, through amplifying, detected by LM567 self again, when the oscillation frequency of LM567 self is identical with the signal frequency that will receive, its 8 pin output low level is to 2 pin of U2A, wherein U2A is one of them d type flip flop of 74LS74, another d type flip flop is U2B, 3 pin of 74LS74,12 pin, 11 pin connect respectively the output of other several roads Emission and receiving of infrared modulation-demodulation circuit, a d type flip flop among the double D trigger 74LS74 is finished the discriminating of the turnover people direction of doorway, classroom certain area, 2 pin of double D trigger 74LS74 are for advancing the input of direction infrared sensor signal, 3 pin are the input of outgoing direction infrared sensor signal, this two paths of signals through d type flip flop can identify into, the direction of going out, single-chip microcomputer is according to advancing, go out direction signal and count pulse, again through certain algorithm just can accurately calculate personnel in the classroom how much.
Claims (4)
1. classroom's energy-saving illumination means, it is characterized in that: the method may further comprise the steps:
The a classroom of will all throwing light on is divided into different zones by neighbour's principle, and the import and export in each classroom arranges personnel and passes in and out the sensing gauge counting apparatus;
B is in the time period of needs illumination, each zone is the illumination in an open classroom wherein first, the sensing gauge counting apparatus calculates the last personnel's of reviewing one's lessons by oneself sum behind the turnover classroom, in this classroom, review one's lessons by oneself personnel's sum, when meeting or exceeding the number of default, then open the illuminating lamp in the next classroom of setting, by that analogy, until the illuminating lamp in all classrooms is all opened.
2. classroom according to claim 1 energy-saving illumination means is characterized in that: when having the number in two and above classroom to meet or exceed simultaneously the number of default in the same area, then open simultaneously the illuminating lamp in these classrooms.
3. classroom according to claim 1 energy-saving illumination means is characterized in that: the illuminating lamp opening sequence take near the fire exit for preferentially.
4. classroom according to claim 1 energy-saving illumination means, it is characterized in that: the illuminating lamp of regional is opened with even distribution and is as the criterion then.
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Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102393708A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2012-03-28 | 郑州单点科技软件有限公司 | Energy-saving control system for study room and energy-saving control method |
| CN102591220A (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2012-07-18 | 赖季谷 | Indoor intelligent water and electricity controller and control method thereof |
| CN102646328A (en) * | 2012-04-07 | 2012-08-22 | 赖季谷 | Household intelligent controller and control method thereof |
| CN104320887A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-01-28 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Method, device and system for controlling lighting lamps in individual study room |
| CN105742972A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2016-07-06 | 济源巨鑫电力设备有限公司 | Power distribution cabinet for preventing door from being misclosed |
| CN105405197A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-03-16 | 中山市民众镇民众中心小学 | People counting system with light control function for application to classroom |
| CN108536088A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-09-14 | 河南森源电气股份有限公司 | A kind of intelligent switch control method and intelligent switch |
| CN109495718B (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2021-04-30 | 深圳市北斗智能科技有限公司 | Monitoring video obtaining method and device and computer readable storage medium |
| CN110929712A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-03-27 | 大庆思特传媒科技有限公司 | Interaction device based on optical induction recognition |
| CN113075947A (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2021-07-06 | 郭秀春 | Switch control system |
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| CN201063911Y (en) * | 2007-07-06 | 2008-05-21 | 唐立军 | Classroom lamplight controller |
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| C53 | Correction of patent for invention or patent application | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Song Beiguang Inventor after: Shen Xiangfeng Inventor after: Zhang Haochen Inventor after: Zhang Xinling Inventor after: Hao Xiao Inventor after: Gan Yuhong Inventor before: Song Beiguang Inventor before: Shen Xiangfeng Inventor before: Zhang Haochen Inventor before: Zhang Xinling |
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| COR | Change of bibliographic data |
Free format text: CORRECT: INVENTOR; FROM: SONG BEIGUANG SHEN XIANGFENG ZHANG HAOCHEN ZHANG XINLING TO: SONG BEIGUANGSHEN XIANGFENG ZHANG HAOCHEN ZHANG XINLING HAO XIAO GAN YUHONG |