CN101626076A - High-capacity long-life low-cost rare earth and magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy - Google Patents
High-capacity long-life low-cost rare earth and magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN101626076A CN101626076A CN200810116233A CN200810116233A CN101626076A CN 101626076 A CN101626076 A CN 101626076A CN 200810116233 A CN200810116233 A CN 200810116233A CN 200810116233 A CN200810116233 A CN 200810116233A CN 101626076 A CN101626076 A CN 101626076A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-capacity long-life low-cost rare earth and magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy, which is represented by a general formula of LaxMgyR1-x-y(NizAlmConM1-z-m-n)w, wherein x, y, z, m, n and w represent a molar ratio; the numerical range of the x, y, z, m, n and w is as follows: x is more than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0.9, y is more than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.25, z is more than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1, m is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.1, n is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.1, and w is more than ore equal to 3.2 and less than or equal to 3.9; and R is one or more of Ce, Pr, Nd, Y, Ca, Ti and Zr, and M is one or more of Mn, Cu, Fe, Si and Sn. The hydrogen storage alloy has a multiphase structure and at least contains crystal structures of both Ce2Ni7 type or Gd2Co7 type and Pr5Co19 type or Ce5Co19 type. The composition and the multiphase structure ensure that the alloy has both high capacity and long life. The high La content and low Mg and Co content of the alloy composition reduce cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nickel-hydrogen battery negative pole high-capacity long-life low-cost rare earth and magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy.
Technical background
Hydrogen bearing alloy is a metal hydrogen storage material, because it can a large amount of (hydrogen-storage density is higher than liquified hydrogen), safety under suitable temperature, pressure, reversibly absorb, release hydrogen, and inhale to put and be accompanied by certain thermal effect in the hydrogen process, so receive publicity as the energy converslon materials relevant and store energy material with clean energy resource-Hydrogen Energy.As a kind of new function material, the application of hydrogen bearing alloy is as follows: the storage of (1) Hydrogen Energy and heat energy; (2) separation of hydrogen, recovery and purification; (3) separation of hydrogen isotope; (4) negative active core-shell material of civilian or Hybrid Vehicle nickle-metal hydride secondary battery (hereinafter to be referred as Ni-MH battery); (5) conversion of heat energy-mechanical energy; (6) catalyst in the synthetic chemistry; (7) temperature sensor.
Wherein, receive much concern as the Ni-MH battery of civilian or Hybrid Vehicle and realized commercialization.Ni-MH battery has following characteristics: (1) capacity is higher; (2) anti-ly overcharge and discharge; (3) but high power charging-discharging; (4) memory-less effect; (5) non-environmental-pollution; (6) substitute the nickel-cadmium cell there is problem of environmental pollution etc. fully.
High capacity is one of main developing direction of Ni-MH battery, and realizes that the high capacity of negative material-hydrogen bearing alloy is topmost measure.Commercialization AB
5The type lanthanon hydrogen storage alloy has better comprehensive performance, but is subjected to single CaCu
5The restriction of type structure, its discharge capacity generally is no more than 330mAhg
-1
Recent study finds to have Ce
2Ni
7Type or Gd
2Co
7The A of type superlattice structure
2B
7The type rare earth and magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy has higher storage hydrogen and discharge capacity, yet higher Mg content makes the discharge capacity decay too fast in the alloy, causes cycle life relatively poor.Can effectively improve cycle life by the content that increases Pr, Nd in the A side rare earth component, but discharge capacity reduction, the cost of alloy of alloy are increased.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of rare earth and magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy, alloy is realized high power capacity and long-life simultaneously, and cost is low.
To achieve the above object of the invention, the present invention by the following technical solutions: it represents this hydrogen bearing alloy with following formula: La
xMg
yR
1-x-y(Ni
zAl
mCo
nM
1-z-m-n)
wIn the formula, x, y, z, m, n, w represent mol ratio, and its number range is respectively: 0.5≤x≤0.9,0.1≤y≤0.25,0.5≤z≤1,0≤m≤0.1,0≤n≤0.1,3.2≤w≤3.9; R is at least a kind in Ce, Pr, Nd, Y, Ca, Ti, the Zr element, and M is at least a kind in Mn, Cu, Fe, Si, the Sn element; Hydrogen bearing alloy is a heterogeneous structure, contains Ce at least simultaneously
2Ni
7Type or Gd
2Co
7A kind of and Pr in the type
5Co
19Type or Ce
5Co
19A kind of crystal structure in the type.
The preparation method of this hydrogen bearing alloy, it may further comprise the steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw material: the oxide on surface of rare earth metal RE is removed in polishing, the moisture in the feed metals such as oven dry nickel, cobalt.
(2) batching: prepare burden by the alloy designs composition.
(3) vacuum induction melting+secondary charging: feed metal is put into Al by Al, Ni, Co, RE from the bottom to top
2O
3In the crucible, nickel magnesium intermediate alloy is put into the secondary charging device; Be evacuated to 0.1～10Pa earlier, baker, prepurging then, charge into inert gas to 0.03～0.07MPa, regulate power and begin melting, the control melt temperature is 1673～1823K and kept 2～10 minutes that refining is 2 minutes again, then melt temperature is reduced to 1523～1623K, start the secondary charging device and add nickel magnesium intermediate alloy, and kept this melt temperature about 1～2 minute.
(4) fast melt-quenching: melt temperature is risen to 1723～1823K, and cast is also cooled off fast through the water-cooled copper roller, and setting rate is about 10
5～10
6K/s prepares the alloy sheet of 0.1～0.3mm.
(5) heat treatment: for preventing the secondary volatilization of Mg, the fast quenching alloy sheet carries out 6～10 hours heat treatment of 1073～1273K insulation in enclosed system, heat treatment is carried out in inert atmosphere, and alloy generation diffusion transformation obtains the heat treatment state alloy in the heat treatment process.
(6) air-flow high energy fragmentation: adopt the 5MPa gases at high pressure (as argon gas or nitrogen etc.) that form through the air compressor machine compression to carry out the broken powder process of high energy.
(7) revolve the screening of shaking: under inert atmosphere protection, above-mentioned alloyed powder employing multilayer is revolved the sieve that shakes and is ground sieve and screening.
(8) close batch: according to demand, under inert atmosphere protection, varigrained alloyed powder is organized batch.
(9) Vacuum Package: the alloyed powder that will close after criticizing vacuumizes and quantitatively encapsulation.
This heterogeneous structure that is: contains Ce at least simultaneously
2Ni
7Type (or Gd
2Co
7Type) and Pr
5Co
19Type (or Ce
5Co
19Type) the composition phase of two kinds of crystal structures, alternate synergy guarantee that alloy has high power capacity and long-life simultaneously.Have the low Co content of the low Mg of high La in the alloy simultaneously, can reduce cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the XRD figure spectrum of the embodiment of the invention 1
Fig. 2 is the P-C-T curve of the embodiment of the invention 1
Fig. 3 is the cycle life curve of embodiment 1 and Comparative Examples 1
Among Fig. 1, abscissa is 2 θ °, and ordinate is intensity (total amount); Among Fig. 3, ° being embodiment 1, ° is Comparative Examples 1.
Embodiment
According to designed composition La
0.63Y
0.1Nd
0.1Mg
0.17(Ni
0.90Al
0.05Co
0.05)
3.6Preparation La (purity＞99.5%), Y (purity＞99.5%), Nd (purity＞99.5%), nickel magnesium intermediate alloy (Mg content 20～30%, Ni+Mg total content＞99%), Ni (purity＞99.5%), Al (purity＞99.5%), Co (purity＞99.5%) amount to 3kg, wherein Mg content designs excessive 5%.Feed metal is put into crucible by Al, Ni, Co, La, Nd, Y from the bottom to top, and nickel magnesium intermediate alloy is put into the secondary charging device.Be evacuated to 5Pa earlier, baker, prepurging then, applying argon gas is regulated power melting 10 minutes to 0.05MPa, and refining is 2 minutes again; When reducing the alloy melt temperature to 1573K, start the secondary charging device and add nickel magnesium intermediate alloy, melt temperature kept 2 minutes in 1523～1623K scope, regulating power makes melt temperature rise to 1823K, melt cast and through fast cooling of water-cooled copper roller (linear velocity is 5m/s) obtains the alloy sheet that thickness is 0.1～0.3mm.For preventing the secondary volatilization of Mg, the quenched state alloy carries out 1173K insulation heat treatment in 8 hours in enclosed system, obtain the heat treatment state alloy.Pulverize and mistake 150 mesh sieves through Milling and screening machine again, obtain alloy powder.
Utilize inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrum (ICP-AES) method to measure each component content in the alloy, actual constituent is near design load.XRD composes Fitting Analysis entirely and shows, this alloy is a heterogeneous structure, and principal phase is Ce
2Ni
7Type also contains a certain amount of Pr
5Co
19Type phase and CaCu
5The type phase, as Fig. 1, each is formed phase content and sees Table 1.
The P-C-T curve determination carries out on the gas reaction controller of U.S. AMC company; Accurately take by weighing the 1g alloy powder,, inhale then and put hydrogen activation 3 times, test again earlier through the intensification vacuum degassing; Probe temperature is 318K ± 1K.P-C-T curve such as Fig. 2, the hydrogen of alloy can reach 1.00 (H/M) under the 1MPa Hydrogen Vapor Pressure, and plateau pressure is 0.18atm.
Electrochemical property test carries out in the clip type open cell.At first accurately take by weighing 0.2g hydrogen storing alloy powder and 0.8g carbonyl nickel powder, evenly mix, be cold-pressed into electrode slice and spot-welded together, as alloy electrode to be measured with nickel strap.Auxiliary electrode is a sintered type hydroxide nickel electrode, and electrolyte is 6molL
-1The KOH aqueous solution, the test environment temperature remains on 298K ± 0.5K.Tester is that a day secondary cell tester is held up in Guangzhou.Adopt 60mAg
-1Constant current charge 450min leaves standstill 5min, then 60mAg
-1Constant-current discharge, stopping potential is 1.0V, leaves standstill 5min, successively circulation; Obtain the maximum discharge capacity (C of alloy
Max, mAhg
-1) and activation number of times (N
a, inferior).Adopt 300mAg
-1Constant current charge 80min leaves standstill 5min, uses 300mAg then
-1Constant-current discharge, stopping potential is 1.0V, leaves standstill 5min, successively circulation; Obtain the 1C discharge capacity (C of alloy
1C, mAhg
-1), and be the cycle life (N, inferior) that 60% o'clock pairing cycle-index characterizes alloy with capability retention.Respective electrical chemical property data see Table 2.
Embodiment 2
Design mix is La
0.51Ce
0.10Nd
0.25Zr
0.01Mg
0.13(Ni
0.90Al
0.10)
3.4
Heat treatment 1223K insulation 7 hours
Design mix is La
0.73Pr
0.05Nd
0.05Ti
0.02Mg
0.15(Ni
0.92Al
0.03Co
0.05)
3.8
Heat treatment 1123K insulation 9 hours
Comparative Examples 1
Design mix is with embodiment 1
Adopt conventional vacuum induction melting casting ingot process, do not contain Pr
5Co
19The type phase
Heat treatment 1173K insulation 8 hours
Comparative Examples 2
Design mix La
0.7Mg
0.3(Ni
0.80Al
0.05Co
0.15)
3.3, the high Mg content of high Co
Adopt conventional vacuum induction melting casting ingot process, do not contain Pr
5Co
19The type phase
Heat treatment 1173K insulation 8 hours
Table 1
Table 2
Conclusion:
The fast quenching preparation can make the Pr of cyclical stability excellence in the embodiment alloy
5Co
19Type high temperature remains mutually, itself and Ce
2Ni
7Type acts synergistically mutually, and the assurance alloy is realized high power capacity and long-life simultaneously.
The embodiment alloy has the low Co content of the low Mg of high La, and wherein low Mg content makes alloying component control relatively easy; The low Co content of the low Mg of high La reduces cost of alloy.The capacity of the low Mg alloy of low Co has reduction slightly than the high Mg alloy of high Co of Comparative Examples 2 among the embodiment, but cycle life obviously improves.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of rare earth and magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy is characterized in that: it is with following general formula:
La
xMg
yR
1-x-y(Ni
zAl
mCo
nM
1-z-m-n)
w
In the formula, x, y, z, m, n, w represent mol ratio, and its number range is respectively: 0.5≤x≤0.9,0.1≤y≤0.25,0.5≤z≤1,0≤m≤0.1,0≤n≤0.1,3.2≤w≤3.9; R is at least a kind in Ce, Pr, Nd, Y, Ca, Ti, the Zr element, and M is at least a kind in Mn, Cu, Fe, Si, the Sn element; Hydrogen bearing alloy is a heterogeneous structure, contains Ce at least simultaneously
2Ni
7Type or Gd
2Co
7A kind of and Pr in the type
5Co
19Type or Ce
5Co
19A kind of crystal structure in the type.
2, a kind of rare earth and magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: its composition is: La
0.63Y
0.1Nd
0.1Mg
0.17(Ni
0.90Al
0.05Co
0.05)
3.6
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102054982A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-05-11 | 北京宏福源科技有限公司 | La-Mg-Ni type negative-pole hydrogen storage material for low-temperature nickel-hydrogen battery |
| CN102226243A (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2011-10-26 | 鞍山鑫普新材料有限公司 | Magnesium-containing superlattice hydrogen storage alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN102569754A (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2012-07-11 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Rare earth-magnesium-nickel-aluminum base hydrogen storage alloy for nickel-hydrogen battery and manufactured nickel-hydrogen battery |
| CN103101880A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-05-15 | 广州有色金属研究院 | Lithium borohydride/rare earth magnesium base alloy composite hydrogen storage material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105274421A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2016-01-27 | 四川展祥特种合金科技有限公司 | Vertical and horizontal combined type device for preparing vanadium-nitrogen alloy through medium-frequency heating |
| CN105779822A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-07-20 | 广州有色金属研究院 | Hydrogen storage alloy for nickel-hydrogen power battery |
| CN106119652A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-16 | 安泰科技股份有限公司 | Use for nickel-hydrogen battery La Mg Ni base hydrogen storage alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN107523737A (en) * | 2017-09-03 | 2017-12-29 | 王增琪 | A kind of vehicle-mounted energy storage hydrogen bearing alloy |
| CN107686903A (en) * | 2017-09-03 | 2018-02-13 | 王增琪 | Mg base hydrogen bearing alloy prepared by a kind of ball-milling method |
| CN109830676A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-05-31 | 江苏集萃安泰创明先进能源材料研究院有限公司 | Rechargeable uses for nickel-hydrogen battery high capacity and long-life La-Mg-Ni type cathode hydrogen storage material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113410476A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-09-17 | 内蒙古师范大学 | Preparation method of Ag modified La-Mg-Ni type hydrogen storage alloy and application of Ag modified La-Mg-Ni type hydrogen storage alloy as DBFC anode catalyst |
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2008
- 2008-07-07 CN CN200810116233A patent/CN101626076A/en active Pending
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102054982A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-05-11 | 北京宏福源科技有限公司 | La-Mg-Ni type negative-pole hydrogen storage material for low-temperature nickel-hydrogen battery |
| CN102569754A (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2012-07-11 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Rare earth-magnesium-nickel-aluminum base hydrogen storage alloy for nickel-hydrogen battery and manufactured nickel-hydrogen battery |
| CN102226243A (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2011-10-26 | 鞍山鑫普新材料有限公司 | Magnesium-containing superlattice hydrogen storage alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN102226243B (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2012-11-21 | 鞍山鑫普新材料有限公司 | Magnesium-containing superlattice hydrogen storage alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN103101880A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-05-15 | 广州有色金属研究院 | Lithium borohydride/rare earth magnesium base alloy composite hydrogen storage material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103101880B (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2014-11-12 | 广州有色金属研究院 | Lithium borohydride/rare earth magnesium base alloy composite hydrogen storage material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105274421B (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2017-07-11 | 四川展祥特种合金科技有限公司 | A kind of vertical sleeping combined type medium-frequency heating prepares the device of VN alloy |
| CN105274421A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2016-01-27 | 四川展祥特种合金科技有限公司 | Vertical and horizontal combined type device for preparing vanadium-nitrogen alloy through medium-frequency heating |
| CN105779822A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-07-20 | 广州有色金属研究院 | Hydrogen storage alloy for nickel-hydrogen power battery |
| CN106119652A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-16 | 安泰科技股份有限公司 | Use for nickel-hydrogen battery La Mg Ni base hydrogen storage alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN106119652B (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2019-01-15 | 安泰科技股份有限公司 | Use for nickel-hydrogen battery La-Mg-Ni base hydrogen storage alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN107523737A (en) * | 2017-09-03 | 2017-12-29 | 王增琪 | A kind of vehicle-mounted energy storage hydrogen bearing alloy |
| CN107686903A (en) * | 2017-09-03 | 2018-02-13 | 王增琪 | Mg base hydrogen bearing alloy prepared by a kind of ball-milling method |
| CN109830676A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-05-31 | 江苏集萃安泰创明先进能源材料研究院有限公司 | Rechargeable uses for nickel-hydrogen battery high capacity and long-life La-Mg-Ni type cathode hydrogen storage material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109830676B (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2020-10-13 | 江苏集萃安泰创明先进能源材料研究院有限公司 | La-Mg-Ni type negative electrode hydrogen storage material for secondary rechargeable nickel-metal hydride battery and preparation method thereof |
| EP3712991A4 (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2021-09-01 | Jiangsu Jitri Advanced Energy Materials Research Institute Co., Ltd. | High-capacity long-life la-mg-ni negative electrode hydrogen storage material for use in secondary rechargeable nickel-metal hydride battery, and preparation method therefor |
| CN113410476A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-09-17 | 内蒙古师范大学 | Preparation method of Ag modified La-Mg-Ni type hydrogen storage alloy and application of Ag modified La-Mg-Ni type hydrogen storage alloy as DBFC anode catalyst |
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