CN101620240A - Anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter - Google Patents
Anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter Download PDFInfo
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- CN101620240A CN101620240A CN200910127516A CN200910127516A CN101620240A CN 101620240 A CN101620240 A CN 101620240A CN 200910127516 A CN200910127516 A CN 200910127516A CN 200910127516 A CN200910127516 A CN 200910127516A CN 101620240 A CN101620240 A CN 101620240A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter which comprises a zero-crossing detecting part, a signal output part, a detecting part, a current/voltage converter I/V, a rectifying and voltage-stabilizing circuit, a voltage sampling source B, a conversion switch K31 and a voltage loss detecting part, wherein the zero-crossing detecting part detects a zero-crossing point of alternating current; the signal output part outputs a signal to a resistor Rsp1; the detecting part detects the signal on the resistor Rsp1, judges whether By-pass electricity theft occurs or not and prevents the By-pass electricity theft; load current is converted into power supply voltage for a logic circuit in the electric energy meter by the current/voltage converter I/V and the rectifying and voltage-stabilizing circuit; the voltage sampling source B is an AC constant voltage source; the conversion switch K31 is connected to a voltage sampling end and switches the voltage sampling source; the voltage loss detecting part detects whether power grid voltage loses or not and the Earthing electricity theft occurs or not; when the Earthing electricity theft occurs, the conversion switch is controlled to be switched to the voltage sampling source B, and the power grid voltage is replaced by the voltage output by the voltage sampling source B so as to prevent the Earthing electricity theft.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to measure the electric energy meter of the electric energy (kilowatt hour number) that the user uses, the anti-theft electricity technology scheme.
Background technology
Electric energy meter in use may run into the situation of stealing, effectively prevents stealing, and to energy savings, the rights and interests of protection power supply department all have very important significance.The stealing technology of putting of constantly improving electric energy meter also is power supply department and the popular problem of being concerned about.
Summary of the invention
The present invention finishes in order to solve the aforementioned problems in the prior just, and its objective is provides a kind of electric energy meter that effectively prevents stealing.
In order to solve above-mentioned task, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of electric energy meter comprises: line of electric force is connected on the electric energy meter; Reactance is connected on the line of electric force; The signal efferent is to the line of electric force output signal; Test section, the signal of detection signal efferent output determines to have or not bypass elements from the line of electric force.
A kind of electric energy meter comprises: line of electric force is connected on the electric energy meter; Reactance is connected on the line of electric force, and there is the conductive layer of different resistivity on the surface of this reactance; The signal efferent is to the line of electric force output signal; Test section, the signal of detection signal efferent output determines to have or not bypass elements from the line of electric force.
A kind of electric energy meter comprises: line of electric force is connected on the electric energy meter; Reactance is connected on the line of electric force; The signal efferent is to the line of electric force output signal; Test section, the signal of detection signal efferent output determines to have or not bypass elements from the line of electric force; The alternating current test section is used to detect the specified point of ac power waveform.
A kind of electric energy meter comprises: line of electric force is connected on the electric energy meter; Coil is connected on the line of electric force; The signal efferent is to the coil output signal; Test section, the signal on the magnetic test coil determines to have or not bypass elements.This electric energy meter can also comprise the alternating current test section, is used to detect the specified point of ac power waveform.
A kind of electric energy meter comprises: line of electric force is connected on the electric energy meter; Coil is connected on the line of electric force, and there is the conductive layer of different resistivity on the surface of the lead of this coil; The signal efferent is to the coil output signal; Test section, the signal on the magnetic test coil determines to have or not bypass elements.This electric energy meter can also comprise the alternating current test section, is used to detect the specified point of ac power waveform.
A kind of electric energy meter comprises: line of electric force is connected on the electric energy meter; Coil is connected on the line of electric force; Electric capacity is formed resonant circuit with coil; The signal efferent is to the coil output signal; Test section, the signal on the magnetic test coil determines to have or not bypass elements.
A kind of electric energy meter comprises: the decompression test section is used to detect voltage; At least one voltage sample end is used for sampled voltage; At least two voltage sampling source, the sampling of voltage supplied sampling end; When the decompression test section detects scheduled voltage, voltage of transformation sampling source.
A kind of electric energy meter comprises: the decompression test section is used to detect voltage; At least one voltage sample end is used for sampled voltage; At least two voltage sampling source, the sampling of voltage supplied sampling end; When the decompression test section detects scheduled voltage, the voltage of transformation sampling end; Bring in voltage of transformation sampling source by the voltage of transformation sampling; The voltage sampling source of all right restricted magnitude of voltage can also have frequency oscillation circuit in voltage sampling source; This electric energy meter can also comprise current/voltage converter.
A kind of electric energy meter comprises: the decompression test section is used to detect voltage; At least one voltage sample end is used for sampled voltage; At least two voltage sampling source, wherein at least one is the voltage sampling source of deboost value, the sampling of voltage supplied sampling end; When the decompression test section detects scheduled voltage, voltage of transformation sampling source.
A kind of electric energy meter comprises: the decompression test section is used to detect voltage; At least one voltage sample end is used for sampled voltage; At least two voltage sampling source, the sampling of voltage supplied sampling end; Frequency oscillation circuit is a kind of voltage sampling source in the voltage sampling source; When the decompression test section detects scheduled voltage, voltage of transformation sampling source; This electric energy meter can also comprise switch, and switch is connected with the voltage sample end, is used for switched voltage sampling source.
A kind of electric energy meter comprises: the decompression test section is used to detect voltage; At least one voltage sample end is used for sampled voltage; At least two voltage sampling source, wherein at least one is the voltage sampling source of deboost value, the sampling of voltage supplied sampling end; Switch is connected with the voltage sample end, is used for switched voltage sampling source.When the decompression test section detects scheduled voltage, switch switched voltage sampling source.
A kind of electric energy meter comprises: the decompression test section is used to detect voltage; At least one voltage sample end is used for sampled voltage; At least two voltage sampling source, wherein at least one is the voltage sampling source of deboost value, the sampling of voltage supplied sampling end; Current/voltage converter is used for the current conversion of line of electric force is become the supply voltage of using for logical circuit in the electric energy meter; When the decompression test section detects scheduled voltage, voltage of transformation sampling source; This electric energy meter can also comprise switch, and switch is connected with the voltage sample end, is used for switched voltage sampling source.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of electric energy meter;
Fig. 2 is an anti-bypass stealing scheme synoptic diagram among the embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is an anti-bypass stealing scheme synoptic diagram among the embodiment 1;
Fig. 4 is an anti-bypass stealing scheme synoptic diagram among the embodiment 1;
Fig. 5 is the common connected mode synoptic diagram of bypass stealing;
Fig. 6 is an anti-bypass stealing scheme synoptic diagram among the embodiment 2;
Fig. 7 is the synoptic diagram of electric energy meter;
Fig. 8 is an antiground stealing scheme synoptic diagram among the embodiment 3;
Fig. 9 is an antiground stealing scheme synoptic diagram among the embodiment 3;
Figure 10 is an antiground stealing scheme synoptic diagram among the embodiment 3;
Figure 11 is anti-bypass stealing scheme and an antiground stealing scheme synoptic diagram among the embodiment 4.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention 1:
The single-phase electric energy meter of prior art has 4 connection terminals 110 generally as shown in Figure 1 on the shell of electric energy meter 100, these 4 connection terminals 110 are respectively terminal 11, terminal 12, terminal 13 and terminal 14.Terminal 11 connects the inlet wire of the live wire L (Live) of line of electric force; The start to exchange fire outlet of line L of terminal 12 connects the end of load Rld again.Terminal 13 connects the inlet wire of line of electric force ground wire N (Neutral); The outlet of terminal 14 ground wire N connects the other end of load Rld again.The inlet wire of live wire L is connected line voltage with the inlet wire of ground wire N, for example 220V.There is power supply 120 inside of electric energy meter 100, power supply 120 with line voltage (being the voltage between live wire L and the ground wire N) step-down and rectification after, output supply voltage Vcc, Vcc promptly give electric energy meter 100 power supplies for metering portion 130 and display 140 power supplies.The voltage of the sampling user load Rld of metering portion 130 (can referring to Fig. 7).The manganese copper diverter Rid summation current transformer CT that samples respectively of metering portion 130, sample streams is through the user load electric current of live wire L and ground wire N, as shown in Figure 1.Metering portion 130 calculates the power and 140 demonstrations of electric energy confession display of load consumption according to load voltage and load current.When stealing takes place, for example, between the outlet of the inlet wire of live wire L and live wire L, be connected by-pass line Sbpl (as shown in Figure 5), by-pass line Sbpl short circuit the flow through electric current of electric energy meter 100 of live wire L.In this case, electric energy meter 100 can detect the electric current of the electric current of the ground wire N that flows through greater than the live wire L that flows through, and can detect the bypass stealing according to current imbalance and take place.But, when on live wire L and ground wire N, all being connected by-pass line Sbpl and Sbpn (as shown in Figure 5), at this moment still all there is not the electric current electric energy meter 100 of flowing through at ground wire N at live wire L, electric energy meter can't detect stealing and taken place in this case.
The synoptic diagram of the anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter of present embodiment as shown in Figure 2.Present embodiment is to introduce anti-bypass stealing (By-pass).Electric energy meter 100 in Fig. 2 also should comprise the required parts of traditional electric energy meter of Fig. 1, promptly comprises the metering and the display unit of electric energy meter, but here for illustrated convenience is described, this part parts does not draw.
In Fig. 2,4 connection terminals 110 are arranged on the shell of electric energy meter 100, these 4 connection terminals 110 are respectively terminal 11, terminal 12, terminal 13 and terminal 14.Terminal 11 connects the inlet wire of line of electric force live wire L (Live); Terminal 12 connects the outlet of line of electric force live wire L, connects the end of load Rld again.Terminal 13 connects the inlet wire of line of electric force ground wire N (Neutral); Terminal 14 connects the outlet of line of electric force ground wire N, connects the other end of load Rld again.The inlet wire of live wire L is connected line voltage with the inlet wire of ground wire N, for example 220V.
The stealing detection module of present embodiment comprises: reactance Rsp1, test section 200, signal efferent 210, zero passage detection portion 220, control part 230.
Reactance Rsp1 connects with manganese copper diverter Rid, and promptly the end of reactance Rsp1 is via manganese copper diverter Rid splicing ear 11, the other end connecting terminal 12 of reactance Rsp1.Manganese copper diverter Rid is the user load current sampling resistor in the traditional electric energy meter (Fig. 1), if traditional electric energy meter does not have manganese copper diverter Rid, then present embodiment will be without manganese copper diverter Rid, like this, and the end splicing ear 11 of reactance Rsp1.Reactance Rsp1 can be a lead that resistivity is bigger, for example a copper-manganese lead.In Fig. 2, two input end PB1 of test section 200 and PB2 connect two terminations of reactance Rsp1 respectively.Test section 200 detects the voltage signal at reactance Rsp1 two ends; Promptly from the line of electric force at the two ends of reactance Rsp1, the signal of test section 200 detection signal efferents 210 outputs.The output terminal PB3 sending and receiving optical diode LED of test section 200 lights or extinguishes LED.Test section 200 is connected with control part 230 via bidirectional data line, is used for both sides' transmission of control signals and data-signal.Test section 200 is by the I/O mouth of processor, and signal amplifier, analog comparator or A/D converter are formed.Test section 200 also can be made up of the I/O mouth of signal amplifier and processor.Two output terminal PA1 of signal efferent 210 and PA2 connect the two ends of reactance Rsp1 respectively.Signal efferent 210 is to the two ends of reactance Rsp1 output detectable voltage signals; Because reactance Rsp1 is connected on the line of electric force, thus signal efferent 210 to the line of electric force output signal, via line of electric force to reactance Rsp1 output signal.Signal efferent 210 is connected with control part 230 by bidirectional data line, is used for both sides' transmission of control signals and data-signal.Signal efferent 210 is made up of the I/O mouth and the output driving circuit of microprocessor.The alternating current test section is zero passage detection portion in the present embodiment, can certainly be crest test section of alternating current etc.The input end PC1 of zero passage detection portion 220 is connected with the ground wire N of line of electric force; Also can be connected the zero crossing of detection of grid alternating current with the alternating current end before the rectification circuit of the power supply Vcc (power supply 120 among Fig. 1) of stealing detection module.Zero passage detection portion 220 is connected with control part 230 by bidirectional data line, is used for both sides' transmission of control signals and data-signal.Zero passage detection portion 220 is made up of the I/O mouth and the input buffer circuit of microprocessor.Test section 200, signal efferent 210, zero passage detection portion 220 and control part 230 can be realized by same microprocessor chip, for example a slice single-chip microcomputer is realized, this single-chip microcomputer can comprise data storage, program storage, non-volatile data storage device, timer, A/D converter, analog comparator, I/O mouth etc.
In Fig. 2, among two the input end PB1 and PB2 of test section 200, it can be the concentric line of stealing detection module (GND) that an input end is arranged; For example, test section 200 is realized that by single-chip microcomputer then PB2 is the PB2 pin of single-chip microcomputer, and PB1 is the ground wire pin GND of single-chip microcomputer.Among two output terminal PA1 of signal efferent 210 and the PA2 output terminal being arranged can be the concentric line of stealing detection module (GND); For example, signal efferent 210 is realized that by single-chip microcomputer then PA2 is the PA2 pin of single-chip microcomputer, and PA1 is the ground wire pin GND of single-chip microcomputer.Live wire L also can be the concentric line (GND) of stealing detection module, and for example, the end of reactance Rsp1 is the concentric line (GND) of stealing detection module.
In the time will detecting stealing, the zero crossing of control part 230 control zero passage detection portions 220 detection of grid alternating currents.At the zero crossing of grid alternating current, control part 230 control signal efferents 210 detect voltage in the output of the two ends of reactance Rsp1, and the voltage of signal efferent 210 outputs can be individual pulse voltage or a plurality of pulse voltage.Signal efferent 210 can also be a constant current source, promptly exports constant current signal and produce voltage on reactance Rsp1.Control part 230 control detection portion 200 simultaneously detects the voltage at reactance Rsp1 two ends at the zero crossing of grid alternating current.When between the outlet (terminal 12) of the inlet wire (terminal 11) of live wire L and live wire L, not having by-pass line Sbpl (or not having bypass elements), test section 200 is detected, the voltage of signal efferent 210 outputs exists, the voltage Vrp at reactance Rsp1 two ends will be greater than predetermined value Vp, because at this moment there is not by-pass line Sbpl (or not having bypass elements) to be connected in parallel on the two ends shunting of reactance Rsp1.If by-pass line Sbpl (or bypass elements) is arranged, as shown in Figure 5, because by-pass line Sbpl (or bypass elements) is connected in parallel on the two ends shunting of reactance Rsp1, so test section 200 is detected, the voltage of signal efferent 210 outputs exists, and the voltage Vrp at reactance Rsp1 two ends will be less than predetermined value Vp.Test section 200 is according to detected, and the voltage of signal efferent 210 outputs exists, and whether the voltage Vrp at reactance Rsp1 two ends can determine to have or not by-pass line Sbpl (or bypass elements) to be connected on the line of electric force less than predetermined value Vp, can determine to have or not the bypass stealing.That is, whether test section 200 less than predetermined value Vp, can determine to have or not by-pass line Sbpl (or bypass elements) to be connected on the line of electric force according to the voltage Vrp at detected reactance Rsp1 two ends, can determine to have or not the bypass stealing.When test section 200 had detected the stealing generation, PB3 lighted LED by output line, sent stealing and reported to the police.
As shown in Figure 2, signal efferent 210 is the two ends that the pulse voltage signal of ficn (for example 40KHz) is exported to reactance Rsp1 with frequency.Or signal efferent 210 is the voltage of the pulse constant current signal of ficn (for example 40KHz) in the generation of reactance Rsp1 two ends with frequency.Test section 200 needs only and can detect greater than the frequency of scheduled voltage Vp at the two ends of reactance Rsp1 is the voltage signal (by 210 outputs of signal efferent) of ficn, then can determine not have stealing and take place.If it is the voltage signal of ficn that test section 200 detects less than frequency, the voltage signal that perhaps detected frequency is ficn is lower than predetermined value Vp, has illustrated that the bypass stealing takes place.
Two incoming line PB1 of test section 200 and PB2 also can be connected on the two ends of manganese copper diverter Rid, as shown in Figure 3.When if by-pass line Sbpl (or bypass elements) stealing is arranged, manganese copper diverter Rid is connected in parallel on the two ends of reactance Rsp1 via by-pass line Sbpl (or bypass elements), as shown in Figure 5, so test section 200 can detect the voltage at manganese copper diverter Rid two ends, be equivalent to the voltage that detects reactance Rsp1 two ends, judge to have or not the bypass stealing to take place.
Reactance can be electrical impedance, i.e. resistance; Inductance is anti-, i.e. inductance, or induction reactance; Coil reactance, i.e. coil; Xc, i.e. electric capacity, or capacitive reactance.
In Fig. 4, coil Lsp1 be connected between terminal 11 and the terminal 12 after manganese copper diverter Rid connects.Manganese copper diverter Rid is the user load current sampling resistor in the traditional electric energy meter (Fig. 1), if traditional electric energy meter does not have manganese copper diverter Rid, then present embodiment will be without manganese copper diverter Rid, and like this, the two ends of coil Lsp1 are connected on terminal 11 and the terminal 12.In Fig. 4, signal efferent 210 detects voltage by coil Lsp2 to coil Lsp1 output, and two output terminal PA1 of signal efferent 210 are connected with the two ends of coil Lsp2 respectively with PA2.Test section 200 is by the voltage on the coil Lsp3 magnetic test coil Lsp1, and two input end PB1 of test section 200 are connected with the two ends of coil Lsp3 respectively with PB2.Coil Lsp1, coil Lsp2 and coil Lsp3 are coupled mutually by electromagnetic field.The principle of Fig. 4 is identical with Fig. 2.
In Fig. 2 or Fig. 4, signal efferent 210 is that the pulse voltage signal of ficn (for example 40KHz) is exported to coil Lsp1 with frequency, test section 200 needs only and can detect on coil Lsp1 greater than the frequency of scheduled voltage Vp is the voltage signal (by 210 outputs of signal efferent) of ficn, then can determine not have stealing and take place.If it is the signal of ficn that test section 200 detects less than frequency, the voltage signal that perhaps detected frequency is ficn is lower than predetermined value Vp, has illustrated that the bypass stealing takes place.
In Fig. 4, also can be without coil Lsp3, two input end PB1 of test section 200 are connected with the two ends of coil Lsp1 respectively with PB2.The voltage at the two ends of test section 200 direct magnetic test coil Lsp1.Equally, also can be without coil Lsp2, two output terminal PA1 of signal efferent 210 are connected with the two ends of coil Lsp1 respectively with PA2.
Can there be the conductive layer of different resistivity on the surface of reactance, for example, reactance Rsp1 be by at the electroplating surface of copper conductor the lead of copper-manganese layer make.Because the resistivity of copper-manganese is greater than the resistivity of copper conductor, the resistance of copper-manganese is greater than copper conductor, so the resistance of the superficial layer of reactance Rsp1 is greater than the resistance of its core.According to kelvin effect, when the higher alternating current of frequency flow through a lead, current concentration was at the superficial layer of lead.Like this, when signal efferent 210 is two ends at reactance Rsp1 of the pulse voltage signal output of ficn (for example 40KHz) with frequency, as shown in Figure 2, according to kelvin effect, frequency is the flow through superficial layer of reactance Rsp1 of electric current that the pulse voltage signal of ficn produces, because superficial layer resistance is bigger, the pressure drop that produces at reactance Rsp1 two ends is bigger.And the load current of the lower 50Hz of frequency when flowing through reactance Rsp1 therein the heart partly flow through the core resistance of reactance Rsp1 less (almost nil), pressure drop less (almost nil).Like this, easier to detect the frequency of signal efferent 210 outputs at reactance Rsp1 two ends be the detection signal of ficn for test section 200.
Can there be the conductive layer of different resistivity on the surface of the lead of coil, for example, coil Lsp1 be by at the electroplating surface of copper conductor the lead of copper-manganese layer turn to.Because the resistivity of copper-manganese is greater than the resistivity of copper conductor, the resistance of copper-manganese is greater than copper conductor, so the resistance of the superficial layer of coil Lsp1 is greater than the resistance of the core of lead.According to kelvin effect, when the higher alternating current of frequency flow through a lead, current concentration was at the superficial layer of lead.Like this, when signal efferent 210 is two ends at coil Lsp1 of the pulse voltage signal output of ficn (for example 40KHz) with frequency, as Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 4, according to kelvin effect, frequency is the superficial layer of the electric current flowing through coil Lsp1 that produces of the pulse voltage signal of ficn, because superficial layer resistance is bigger, the pressure drop that produces at coil Lsp1 two ends is bigger.And the core at lead flows through the core resistance of lead less (almost nil), pressure drop less (almost nil) during the load current flowing through coil Lsp1 of the lower 50Hz of frequency.Like this, easier to detect the frequency of signal efferent 210 outputs at coil Lsp1 two ends be the detection signal of ficn for test section 200.
Coil can have the reactance wire-wound system of different resistivity to form by the surface, promptly coil Lsp1 can be by electroplating surface the reactance wire-wound system made of the copper conductor of copper-manganese layer form.
Used after the stealing detection module of present embodiment, electric energy meter does not just need to have measured the user load electric current on live wire L and the ground wire N simultaneously, for example, in Fig. 1, if used manganese copper diverter Rid, has not just needed to re-use current transformer CT.
Signal efferent 210 can be exported voltage signal forward or backwards to reactance Rsp1.
In the present embodiment, reactance Rsp1=300u Ω is a copper-manganese resistance, can be a copper-manganese lead; It also can be a lead of on copper conductor, electroplating resistive layer.
In the present embodiment, reactance can also be a coil, and promptly in Fig. 2 or Fig. 3, reactance Rsp1 is a coil, coil diameter 16mm, the number of turns is 5 circles, inductance 20uH, can turn to by the wire rod of having electroplated resistive layer on the copper conductor, can be on magnetic material, also can be not on magnetic material.
In Fig. 4, coil Lsp1 is: coil diameter 16mm, and the number of turns is 5 circles, inductance 20uH can be turned to by the wire rod of having electroplated resistive layer on the copper conductor, can be on magnetic material, also can be not on magnetic material.
The also zero passage of detection of grid alternating current not, signal efferent 210 is that the pulse voltage of ficn (for example 40KHz) is exported to reactance Rsp1 with frequency, as Fig. 2 or shown in Figure 4, test section 200 needs only and can detect greater than the frequency of scheduled voltage Vp at the two ends of reactance Rsp1 is the voltage signal (by 210 outputs of signal efferent) of ficn, then can determine not have stealing and take place.If it is the voltage signal of ficn that test section 200 detects less than frequency, the voltage signal that perhaps detected frequency is ficn is lower than predetermined value Vp, has illustrated that the bypass stealing takes place.Like this can be without zero passage detection portion 220.
Reactance Rsp1 and manganese copper diverter Rid can only use one of them resistance, i.e. the shared resistance of these two resistance, and for example, shared manganese copper diverter Rid is without reactance Rsp1; Like this, two input end I1p of metering portion 130 and I1n, two output terminal PA1 of two input end PB1 of test section 200 and PB2 and signal efferent and PA2 are connected the two ends of manganese copper diverter Rid respectively.
Between the outlet of the inlet wire of the ground wire N of electric energy meter inside and ground wire N, promptly between the terminal 13 of electric energy meter inside and terminal 14, can be connected a lead, as Fig. 1 or shown in Figure 3; Also can connect another reactance Rspn, as shown in Figure 2.Reactance Rspn as shown in Figure 2, can be copper-manganese resistance (for example 300u Ω), also can be a coil; Reactance Rspn stops the signal of signal efferent 210 outputs on reactance Rsp1 to be shunted by user load, and the signal flow that has both stoped 210 outputs of signal efferent is through user load.Reactance Rsp1 promptly is installed on the terminal of live wire L, and reactance Rspn is installed on the terminal of ground wire N.In the present embodiment, reactance Rspn is a coil, coil diameter 16mm, and the number of turns is 5 circles, inductance 20uH can be turned to by the wire rod of having electroplated resistive layer on the copper conductor, can be on magnetic material, also can be not on magnetic material.
The incoming line PB2 of test section 200 can be connected on the ground wire N of line of electric force, for example, is connected on the terminal 14, and another root incoming line PB1 connects the concentric line (GND) of stealing detection module.Test section 200 is via the signal on the ground wire N detection reactance Rsp1, the signal of detection signal efferent 210 outputs.Because the signal of signal efferent 210 outputs can be transferred on the ground wire N via user load Rld.Two incoming line PB1 of test section 200 and PB2 also can be connected to the two ends of the reactance Rspn among Fig. 2, promptly are connected on terminal 13 and the terminal 14.
The stealing detection module can be installed on the terminal 13 and terminal 14 of ground wire N of line of electric force equally.Just, reactance Rsp1 is connected between terminal 13 and the terminal 14.Without manganese copper diverter Rid (manganese copper diverter Rid normally is connected on the live wire L).Two input end PB1 of test section 200 and PB2 are connected to the two ends of reactance Rsp1; Two output terminal PA1 of signal efferent 210 and PA2 are connected to the two ends of reactance Rsp1.Like this, on the ground wire N of line of electric force, the stealing measuring ability is just arranged.
Figure 5 illustrates the various connected modes of bypass stealing, by-pass line Sbpl, bypass resistance Rbpl, by-pass inductor Lbpl, shunt capacitance Cbpl or bypass diode Dbpl for example, are arranged between live wire L terminal 11 and terminal 12.
Fig. 2 or stealing shown in Figure 4 detect on the inlet wire and outlet of each bar line of electric force (A, B, C, N) that detection module can also be installed in various three-phase electric energy meters.As required, the stealing detection module also can be installed on the inlet wire and outlet of whole line of electric force of three-phase electric energy simultaneously.
Embodiments of the invention 2:
With the single-phase electric energy meter is that example illustrates anti-electricity-theft scheme of the present invention.Present embodiment is to introduce anti-bypass stealing (By-pass).As shown in Figure 6, the stealing detection module of present embodiment comprises: capacitor C sp1, coil Tsp1, test section 200, signal efferent 210, zero passage detection portion 220 and control part 230.
As shown in Figure 6, the inlet wire of the live wire L of line of electric force connects termination 11, and the outlet of live wire L connects termination 12, and the inlet wire of the ground wire N of line of electric force connects termination 13, and the outlet of ground wire N connects termination 14.The end of the termination capacitor Csp1 of the winding L sp1 of coil Tsp1 and via manganese copper diverter Rid connecting terminal 11.Coil Tsp1 the other end connecting terminal 12 also of another termination capacitor C sp1 of winding L sp1.Manganese copper diverter Rid is the user load current sampling resistor in the traditional electric energy meter (Fig. 1), if traditional electric energy meter does not have manganese copper diverter Rid, then present embodiment will be without manganese copper diverter Rid, like this, an end and the splicing ear 11 of the termination capacitor Csp1 of the winding L sp1 of coil Tsp1.Two input end PB1 of test section 200 and PB2 be two terminations of the winding L sp3 of connecting coil Tsp1 respectively.The output terminal PB3 sending and receiving optical diode LED of test section 200.Test section 200 is connected with control part 230 via bidirectional data line, is used for both sides' transmission of control signals and data-signal.Test section 200 is by the I/O mouth of processor, and signal amplifier, analog comparator or A/D converter are formed.Two output terminal PA1 of signal efferent 210 and PA2 be the two ends of the winding L sp2 of wiring circle Tsp1 respectively.Signal efferent 210 is connected with control part 230 by bidirectional data line, is used for both sides' transmission of control signals and data-signal.Signal efferent 210 is made up of the I/O mouth and the output driving circuit of microprocessor.The alternating current test section is zero passage detection portion in the present embodiment, can certainly be crest test section of alternating current etc.The input end PC1 of zero passage detection portion 220 is connected with the ground wire N of line of electric force, also can be connected the zero crossing of detection of grid alternating current with the alternating current end before the rectification circuit of the power supply Vcc (power supply 120 among Fig. 1) of stealing detection module.Zero passage detection portion 220 is connected with control part 230 by bidirectional data line, is used for both sides' transmission of control signals and data-signal.Zero cross signal test section 220 is made up of the I/O mouth and the input buffer circuit of microprocessor.Test section 200, signal efferent 210 zero passage detection portions 220 and control part 230 can be realized by same microprocessor chip, for example a slice single-chip microcomputer is realized, this single-chip microcomputer can comprise data storage, program storage, non-volatile data storage device, timer, A/D converter, analog comparator, I/O mouth etc.
In Fig. 6, among two the input end PB1 and PB2 of test section 200, it can be the concentric line of stealing detection module (GND) that an input end is arranged; For example, test section 200 is realized that by single-chip microcomputer then PB2 is the PB2 pin of single-chip microcomputer, and PB1 is the ground wire pin GND of single-chip microcomputer.Among two output terminal PA1 of signal efferent 210 and the PA2 output terminal being arranged can be the concentric line of stealing detection module (GND); For example, signal efferent 210 is realized that by single-chip microcomputer then PA2 is the PA2 pin of single-chip microcomputer, and PA1 is the ground wire pin GND of single-chip microcomputer.Live wire L also can be the concentric line (GND) of stealing detection module, and for example, the end of winding L sp1 is the concentric line (GND) of stealing detection module.
In the time will detecting stealing, as shown in Figure 6, control part 230 control signal efferents 210 output frequencies are the pulse voltage Vpl of ficn (for example 40KHz).Pulse voltage Vpl is coupled to winding L sp1 via winding L sp2.The voltage signal Vsg (being produced by signal efferent 210 output voltage V pl) of winding L sp1 detects in control part 230 control detection portions 200 by winding L sp3.When not having by-pass line Sbpl (or not having bypass elements) between the outlet of the inlet wire of live wire L and live wire L, test section 200 detected voltage signal Vsg will be greater than predetermined value Vd; Because at this moment there is not the power of by-pass line Sbpl (or not having bypass elements) loss winding L sp1.If by-pass line Sbpl (or bypass elements) is arranged, as shown in Figure 5, because being connected in parallel on winding L sp1, by-pass line Sbpl (or bypass elements) goes up loss power, so test section 200 detected voltage signal Vsg will be less than predetermined value Vd.Whether test section 200 less than predetermined value Vd, can determine to have or not stealing to take place according to detected voltage signal Vsg.
Control part 230 control signal efferents 210 stop output signal, the resonant circuit free oscillation that allows winding L sp1 and capacitor C sp1 form, this resonant circuit can be kept the free oscillation of a period of time, oscillation frequency is fdf=1/2 Л √ Lsp1Csp1, and this is the frequency computation part formula of generally acknowledging the LC oscillatory circuit.If there is not bypass stealing as shown in Figure 5, the voltage of the free-running frequency of Lsp1Csp1 circuit will be greater than predetermined value Vdf, free-running holding time greater than predetermined value Tdf.If by-pass line Sbpl (or bypass elements) shown in Figure 5 is arranged, because the power of by-pass line Sbpl (or bypass elements) loss Lsp1Csp1 oscillatory circuit, the voltage of free-running frequency will be less than predetermined value Vdf, free-running holding time less than predetermined value Tdf.Test section 200 can determine to have or not stealing to take place according to the voltage or free-running the holding time of the frequency of detected free-running signal like this.When shunt capacitance Cbpl shown in Figure 5 or by-pass inductor Lbpl stealing, according to resonant frequency equation f0=1/2 Л √ LC, by-pass inductor Lspl or shunt capacitance Cbpl are connected in parallel on the winding L sp1, can influence the oscillation frequency of winding L sp1 and capacitor C sp1; Test section 200 according to detected frequency departure frequency f df, can define the bypass stealing and take place; For example, detected frequency is fdf, can determine not have the bypass stealing to take place, and detected frequency is greater than or less than fdf and can defines the bypass stealing and take place.
In Fig. 6, also can be without coil winding Lsp3, two input end PB1 of test section 200 are connected with the two ends of coil winding Lsp1 respectively with PB2.The voltage at the two ends of test section 200 direct magnetic test coil winding L sp1.Equally, also can be without coil Lsp2, two output terminal PA1 of signal efferent 210 are connected with the two ends of coil Lsp1 respectively with PA2.
In the present embodiment, coil Lsp1=30uH, the number of turns is 5 circles, can also can be turned to by the wire rod that has plated copper-manganese on the copper conductor not on magnetic material on magnetic material.Capacitor C sp1=0.47uF.
Stealing detection module shown in Figure 6 also can be installed on the ground wire N terminal (13,14) of line of electric force.Also can be installed on the inlet wire and outlet of each bar line of electric force (A, B, C, N) of various three-phase electric energy meters.As required, the stealing detection module also can be installed on the inlet wire and outlet of whole line of electric force of three-phase electric energy simultaneously.
Embodiments of the invention 3:
With the single-phase electric energy meter is that example illustrates anti-electricity-theft principle.The measuring principle figure of the electric energy meter of prior art, as shown in Figure 7.The a pair of current sample input end I1p of computation chip U31 is connected current sample manganese copper diverter Rid with I1n, sampling user load electric current I l.The two ends that a pair of voltage sample input end V1p of computation chip U31 and V1n meet load voltage sampling resistor R32 respectively, sampling user load voltage.User load voltage is exactly line voltage, for example 220V.Resistance R 31 and resistance R 32 are formed bleeder circuit, and line voltage and load voltage are carried out dividing potential drop, and the voltage V31 on the resistance R 32 is proportional to line voltage and load voltage.Computation chip U31 is according to the load current and the load voltage that sample, and the electric energy that calculates bearing power and load use is for showing (display 140 among Fig. 1).
When stealing took place, for example, the inlet wire of the ground wire N of the line of electric force of electric energy meter and the outlet of ground wire N were all cut off, and made no line voltage and non-load voltage in the electric energy meter, and this is a kind of situation of decompression, is called for short decompression; During stealing, meet the earth Earth more in addition at load Rld end, as shown in Figure 8, load can operate as normal like this, and still, computation chip U31 samples less than line voltage and load voltage.Owing to do not have line voltage and do not have load voltage, voltage V31 on the resistance R 32 equals zero, and connects if the voltage sample end V1p of computation chip U31 still presses Fig. 7, and the load voltage that computation chip U31 samples equals zero, the electric energy that the load of calculating is used equals zero, and carries out stealing.This stealing is called the decompression stealing, or claims ground connection stealing (Earthing).
Anti-electricity-theft scheme of the present invention is, as shown in Figure 8, current/voltage converter I/V is installed on the live wire L of the line of electric force in electric energy meter, and current/voltage converter I/V can convert load current Il to voltage, again output electric energy meter working power voltage Vdd behind rectification and mu balanced circuit 330.Power supply Vdd can not have line voltage and not have under the situation of load voltage to the electric energy meter power supply, promptly during decompression, makes the electric energy meter operate as normal.An input end of one of current/voltage converter I/V output termination rectification and mu balanced circuit 330 is gone back the end of connecting resistance R35.Another of current/voltage converter I/V exported another input end of termination rectification and mu balanced circuit 330, also meets the concentric line GND of electric energy meter.The negative pole of another termination voltage stabilizing diode Z31 of resistance R 35 is gone back the end of connecting resistance R33.The positive pole of voltage stabilizing diode Z31 connects the positive pole of voltage stabilizing diode Z32.The negative pole of voltage stabilizing diode Z32 meets the concentric line GND of electric energy meter.These two voltage stabilizing diode Z31 and Z32 series connection, and positive pole each other is connected, and is in order to become non-polar voltage stabilizing diode, to be used as the magnitude of voltage of limiting AC electricity.For example, the voltage stabilizing value of voltage stabilizing diode Z31 and Z32 all is 3V, and then the voltage stabilizing value of the voltage stabilizing diode of these two series connection is Vz=3V+0.7V=3.7V.So the voltage Vz of the negative pole end of voltage stabilizing diode Z31 is the voltage source of deboost value.The voltage Vz of the negative pole end of voltage stabilizing diode Z31 is an alternating current.
Decompression test section 310 is used to detect and has or not line voltage and load voltage in the electric energy meter.The input end PD1 of decompression test section 310 connects the ground wire N of the line of electric force in the electric energy meter, detection of grid voltage and load voltage.Rectification output end or output end of pressure-stabilizing Vcc that the input end PD1 of decompression test section 310 also can connect power supply 120 (embodiment 1 and shown in Figure 1) detect line voltage and load voltage in the electric energy meter, judge whether decompression.The output terminal of decompression test section 310 (control line) PD0 connects the control end A of switch K31, and the termination S0 of control transformation K switch 31 switches to contact S1, or switches to contact S2; PD0 is sending and receiving optical diode LED1 also, and LED1 is bright or put out in control.Decompression test section 310 is made up of the I/O mouth and the input buffer circuit of microprocessor.The termination S0 of switch K31 is connected with the voltage sample end V1p of computation chip U31, and contact S1 is connected with an end of resistance R 32.The ground wire N of line of electric force in the one termination electric energy meter of resistance R 31, the end of the other end connecting resistance R32 of resistance R 31 also meets the contact S1 of conversion switch.The live wire L of the line of electric force of another termination electric energy meter of resistance R 32 also meets the concentric line GND (live wire L) of electric energy meter.Resistance R 31 and resistance R 32 are formed bleeder circuit, and line voltage and load voltage are carried out dividing potential drop, and the voltage V31 on the resistance R 32 is proportional to line voltage and load voltage.V31 is as a voltage sampling source.
When line voltage and load voltage, when promptly not having decompression, the voltage sample end V1p of computation chip U31 is via the termination S0 of the switch K31 voltage V31 to the S1 sampling resistor R32 of contact, the electric energy that computational load uses.
The contact S2 of switch K31 is connected with an end of resistance R 34.The negative pole of one termination voltage stabilizing diode Z31 of resistance R 33, the end of the other end connecting resistance R34 of resistance R 33 also meet the contact S2 of conversion switch.The concentric line GND of another termination electric energy meter of resistance R 34.Resistance R 33 and resistance R 34 formed bleeder circuits, and the voltage Vz of the negative pole end of voltage stabilizing diode Z31 is carried out dividing potential drop.Because the voltage Vz of the negative pole end of voltage stabilizing diode Z31 is the voltage of deboost value, so the voltage V32 of resistance R 34 1 ends is voltage sampling source of deboost value.The voltage V32 of resistance R 34 1 ends is another voltage sampling source, is alternating voltage.When no line voltage and non-load voltage, just during decompression, the voltage sample end V1p of computation chip U31 calculates the electric energy that user load uses via the termination S0 of the switch K31 voltage V32 to the S2 sampling resistor R34 of contact, prevents stealing.Before electric energy meter dispatches from the factory during calibration, the voltage V31 when adjusting resistance R 33 and making voltage V32 on the resistance R 34 equal line voltage and load voltage to be rated voltage (for example 220V) on the resistance R 32.That is, suppose that the voltage on the resistance R 32 was V31 when line voltage and load voltage equaled rated voltage (for example 220V), adjust R33 and make V32=V31.That is to say that during calibration, electric energy meter does not meet the ground wire N of line of electric force, makes the electric energy meter decompression before dispatching from the factory, and hypothesis electric energy meter and load all be in rated voltage (for example 220V) work down, adjust resistance R 33 and carry out calibration.
When decompression test section 310 detects when not having decompression, be line voltage and load voltage just often, by control line PD0 control transformation K switch 31, make termination S0 switch to contact S1, the voltage sample end V1p of computation chip U31 is via the sampled value of the voltage V31 on the switch K31 sampling resistor R32 as load voltage like this; The product of the load current Il of the manganese copper diverter Rid that flows through that samples with current sample end I1p and I1n is as the power of load consumption, and calculates the electric energy of load consumption.Electric energy meter is not powered by power Vcc when having decompression, promptly by embodiment 1 and described power supply 120 power supplies of Fig. 1.
When decompression test section 310 detects decompression, when promptly not having line voltage and not having load voltage, the power supply Vdd power supply that electric energy meter is provided by current/voltage converter I/V.Electric energy meter inside does not have load voltage, and load current Il is arranged, flow through current/voltage converter I/V power supply Vdd power supply is promptly arranged, illustrate that the inlet wire of ground wire N of line of electric force of electric energy meter and the outlet of ground wire N are cut off, and connected the earth Earth at load end, illustrated that ground connection (Earthing) stealing takes place.When decompression test section 310 detects decompression, when promptly not having line voltage and not having load voltage, decompression test section 310 is by control line PD0 control transformation K switch 31, make termination S0 switch to contact S2, promptly switch to the voltage sampling source V32 of deboost value, the voltage sample end V1p of computation chip U31 replaces the sampled value of load voltage via the voltage V32 on the switch K31 sampling resistor R34 like this; The product of the load current Il of the manganese copper diverter Rid that flows through that samples with current sample end I1p and I1n is as the power of load consumption, and calculates the electric energy of load consumption, so then prevented stealing.Lighting LED1 when decompression test section 310 detects ground connection stealing (decompression stealing) reports to the police as the ground connection stealing.Electric energy meter is powered by power supply Vdd when decompression.
If computation chip U31 has two voltage sample ends, be respectively V1p (V1n) and V2p (V2n), as shown in Figure 9, and in this case, then without switch K31.When decompression test section 310 detects when not having decompression,, make the voltage of a voltage sampling source V31 of its working voltage sampling end V1p (V1n) sampling by control line PD0 control computation chip U31.And when decompression test section 310 detects decompression,, make it transform to another voltage sample end V2p (V2n), the voltage of another voltage sampling source V32 that samples (can be the voltage sampling source of deboost value) by control line PD0 control computation chip U31.Just bring in voltage of transformation sampling source by the voltage of transformation sampling.
Voltage sampling source Vz (at an end of resistance R 33) can also be a frequency oscillation circuit, for example, the sine wave freuqency oscillatory circuit, LC capacitance three-point type sine wave freuqency oscillatory circuit is called for short: the LC oscillatory circuit.As shown in figure 10, LC oscillatory circuit 340 is powered by power supply Vdd.The end of the voltage to frequency output terminal Vlc connecting resistance R33 of LC oscillatory circuit 340, promptly the voltage to frequency output terminal Vlc of LC oscillatory circuit 340 is as voltage sampling source Vz.LC oscillatory circuit 340 is LC capacitance three-point type sine wave oscillation circuits of a standard, and oscillation frequency is arranged on 50Hz (identical with mains frequency).Because the operating voltage (Vdd) and the component parameters of LC oscillatory circuit 340 are all fixed, so the output voltage values of the output terminal Vlc of LC oscillatory circuit 340 is fixed, just the voltage sampling source of deboost value.The sine voltage of the output terminal Vlc output 50Hz of LC oscillatory circuit 340.Voltage sampling source Vz has used output frequency voltage (Vlc) back of LC oscillatory circuit 340 with regard to no longer needing voltage stabilizing diode Z31 and the Z32 among Fig. 8 or Fig. 9, has no longer needed resistance R 35.In Figure 10, except that an end of resistance R 33 connected the voltage to frequency output terminal Vlc of LC oscillatory circuit 340, the other parts of circuit were all identical with Fig. 8 or Fig. 9.Frequency oscillation circuit can also be with other form oscillatory circuit, as long as can output frequency signal.
Voltage sampling source Vz (at an end of resistance R 33) can also be the DC voltage through voltage stabilizing.
In the present embodiment, R31=1M Ω, R32=1.5K Ω, R33=15.3K Ω, R34=1.5K Ω, R35=22K Ω, K31:CD4051.
Can be on sample line V1p, the V1n of computation chip U31, V2p, V2n resistance in series, for example in Fig. 8, resistance in series between the termination S0 of the voltage sample end V1p of chip U31 and switch K31, the situation that does not have resistance in series in the situation of this resistance in series and the present embodiment is an equivalent.
Among Fig. 9, decompression test section 310, voltage sample end V2p (V2n), resistance R 33 and resistance R 34 can be integrated in the inside of computation chip U31.
This fact Example can be used for various three-phase electric energy meters equally, prevents decompression stealing (ground connection stealing).
Embodiments of the invention 4:
Present embodiment is that the scheme of the described anti-bypass stealing of embodiment 1 (Fig. 2) and the described antiground stealing of embodiment 3 (Fig. 8) scheme are combined explanation anti-electricity-theft scheme of the present invention.
As shown in figure 11, the method for attachment of reactance Rsp1, copper-manganese current diverter Rid, test section 200, LED, signal efferent 210, zero passage detection portion 220 and control part 230 and function all illustrate in embodiment 1 (Fig. 2).Method of attachment and the function of resistance R 31, R32, R33, R34, switch K31, computation chip U31, decompression test section 310, LED 1, rectification and mu balanced circuit 330, current/voltage converter I/V, voltage sample end V1p, voltage sampling source V31 and voltage sampling source V32 all illustrate in embodiment 3 (Fig. 8).
In Figure 11, control part 230 is connected with decompression test section 310 by bidirectional data line, is used for both sides' transmission of control signals and data-signal.The output line of decompression test section 310 (control line) PD0 connects the control end A of switch K31, and the output line of decompression test section 310 (control line) PD2 connects the control end B of switch K31.Decompression test section 310 is by output line PD0 and PD2 control transformation K switch 31 double-throw contact S1, S2 or S3.Voltage sampling source B 360 is voltage sampling source, can be the voltage sampling source of deboost value, for example among Fig. 8 by resistance R 35, the voltage sampling source Vz that voltage stabilizing diode Z31 and Z32 form also can be the LC oscillatory circuit 340 among Figure 10.The output terminal Vlc of voltage sampling source B 360 connects an end of resistance R 36, and the end of the other end connecting resistance R37 of resistance R 36 also meets the contact S3 that changes K switch 31.One end of resistance R 37 is again another voltage sampling source V33.The concentric line GND of another termination electric energy meter of resistance R 37.Back-up source 350 is made up of rechargeable battery and commutation circuit.When supply voltage Vdd was lower than setting value, the commutation circuit in the back-up source 350 switched to rechargeable battery (connection) to power supply Vdd, and the voltage Vdd that uses back-up source 350 outputs gives the circuit supply in the electric energy meter as power supply Vdd.
When test section 200, shown in Figure 11, after detecting the bypass stealing, when for example having bypass resistance Rbpl among Fig. 5 to be connected in the inlet wire of live wire L of electric energy meter and the outlet, tell control part 230 to have the bypass stealing to take place by data line, control part 230 makes switch K31 switch to contact S3 by data line control decompression test section 310 by output line PD0 and PD2, and the voltage sample end V1p that makes computation chip U31 is via the switch K31 sampling voltage of another voltage sampling source V33 again.That is to say that when the bypass stealing was arranged, test section 200 made switch K31 switch to another voltage sampling source V33 again.
If signal efferent 210 is constant current sources, output constant current Ics, the resistance of manganese copper diverter Rid and reactance Rsp1 all equals 300u Ω, and when not having the bypass stealing, constant current Ics is Vnd at the voltage that the two ends of reactance Rsp1 produce.
For example, the voltage at the two ends of test section 200 detected reactance Rsp1 is Vch=2Vnd/3, represents to have bypass resistance Rbpl to be connected the two ends of the series circuit of Rid and Rsp1, as shown in Figure 5, and Rbpl=Rsp1=Rid.Because the series circuit of Rid and Rbpl is connected in parallel on the Rsp1, as shown in Figure 5, so total reactance Rsp1t=Rsp1 (Rid+Rbpl)/(Rsp1+Rid+Rbpl) at Rsp1 two ends, if Rbpl=Rsp1=Rid, then total reactance Rsp1t=2Rsp1/3 at Rsp1 two ends.Because bypass resistance Rbp1 is arranged, make total reactance Rsp1t at Rsp1 two ends reduce by 2/3 than Rsp1, so the voltage at Rsp1 two ends has also reduced by 2/3, i.e. 2Vnd/3.That is to say, work as Vch=2Vnd/3, during Rsp1=Rid, Rbpl=Rsp1=Rid is arranged.That is to say that the voltage Vch that has measured reactance Rsp1 two ends just can calculate the resistance of bypass resistance Rbpl.
When bypass resistance Rbpl, as shown in Figure 5, the all-in resistance Rbplt=Rbpl (Rid+Rsp1)/(Rbpl+Rid+Rsp1) at bypass resistance Rbpl two ends.Through the current Ib p of bypass resistance Rbpl bypass and the ratio I bp/Il=(1/Rbpl)/(1/Rbplt)=3/2 of user load electric current I l, when Rbpl=Rsp1=Rid.
Owing to power P=IV that user load consumes, promptly equal the product of load current I and load voltage V.As can be seen, in the power P of load consumption, the ratio of the load current that is bypassed by bypass resistance Rbpl can compensate the bearing power that is bypassed by the voltage that increases same ratio.For example, bypassed 3/2 load current, then increased by 3/2 voltage and compensate the bearing power that is bypassed by bypass resistance Rbpl.So when the bypass stealing was arranged, test section 200 made switch K31 switch to contact S3, allow voltage V33 on the voltage sample end V1p sampling resistor R37 of the U31 of metering portion.Voltage sampling source V33 is greater than voltage sampling source V32.Voltage sampling source V33 is the user load power that electric current consumed that is bypassed by bypass resistance Rbpl in order to compensate, and calculates the electric energy of right user load consumption.According to the ratio of the load current that is bypassed by bypass resistance Rbpl, make the voltage sampling source that switch K31 switches to has increased corresponding ratio.Switch K31 can have more contact Sn (not shown) to switch more sampling source.
A complete anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter should comprise that anti-bypass stealing and antiground stealing promptly comprise embodiments of the invention 1 or embodiment 2 and embodiment 3.
Anti-electricity-theft scheme of the present invention can also be used for energy monitor instrument and power network monitoring instrument.
Certainly, the protection domain of this patent is not limited to the above-mentioned examples of implementation, and the alternative of all equivalent technologies all is included within the protection domain of this patent claim.Decompose and merge the alternative that the technology of the present invention feature all belongs to equivalent technologies.
Claims (10)
1. an electric energy meter is characterized in that, comprising:
Line of electric force is connected on the electric energy meter;
Reactance is connected on the line of electric force;
The signal efferent is to the line of electric force output signal;
Test section, the signal of detection signal efferent output from the line of electric force.
2. an electric energy meter is characterized in that, comprising:
Line of electric force is connected on the electric energy meter;
Reactance is connected on the line of electric force, and there is the conductive layer of different resistivity on the surface of this reactance;
The signal efferent is to the line of electric force output signal;
Test section, the signal of detection signal efferent output from the line of electric force.
3. an electric energy meter is characterized in that, comprising:
Line of electric force is connected on the electric energy meter;
Reactance is connected on the line of electric force;
The signal efferent is to the line of electric force output signal;
Test section, the signal of detection signal efferent output from the line of electric force;
The alternating current test section is used to detect alternating current.
4. an electric energy meter is characterized in that, comprising:
Line of electric force is connected on the electric energy meter;
Coil is connected on the line of electric force;
The signal efferent is to the coil output signal;
Test section, the signal on the magnetic test coil.
5. an electric energy meter is characterized in that, comprising:
Line of electric force is connected on the electric energy meter;
Coil is connected on the line of electric force;
Electric capacity is formed resonant circuit with coil;
The signal efferent is to the coil output signal;
Test section, the signal on the magnetic test coil.
6. an electric energy meter is characterized in that,
The decompression test section is used to detect voltage;
At least one voltage sample end is used for sampled voltage;
At least two voltage sampling source, the sampling of voltage supplied sampling end;
When the decompression test section detects scheduled voltage, voltage of transformation sampling source.
7. an electric energy meter is characterized in that,
The decompression test section is used to detect voltage;
At least one voltage sample end is used for sampled voltage;
At least two voltage sampling source, wherein at least one is the voltage sampling source of deboost value, the sampling of voltage supplied sampling end;
When the decompression test section detects scheduled voltage, voltage of transformation sampling source.
8. an electric energy meter is characterized in that,
The decompression test section is used to detect voltage;
At least one voltage sample end is used for sampled voltage;
At least two voltage sampling source, the sampling of voltage supplied sampling end;
Frequency oscillation circuit is a kind of voltage sampling source in the voltage sampling source;
When the decompression test section detects scheduled voltage, voltage of transformation sampling source.
9. an electric energy meter is characterized in that,
The decompression test section is used to detect voltage;
At least one voltage sample end is used for sampled voltage;
At least two voltage sampling source, wherein at least one is the voltage sampling source of deboost value, the sampling of voltage supplied sampling end;
Switch is connected with the voltage sample end, is used for switched voltage sampling source;
When the decompression test section detects scheduled voltage, switch switched voltage sampling source.
10. an electric energy meter is characterized in that,
The decompression test section is used to detect voltage;
At least one voltage sample end is used for sampled voltage;
At least two voltage sampling source, wherein at least one is the voltage sampling source of deboost value, the sampling of voltage supplied sampling end;
Current/voltage converter is used for current conversion is become voltage;
When the decompression test section detects scheduled voltage, voltage of transformation sampling source.
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| CN 200910127516 CN101620240B (en) | 2009-03-10 | 2009-03-10 | Anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter |
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| CN201110213155.XA Division CN102298082B (en) | 2009-03-10 | 2009-03-10 | Electricity-stealing prevention electric energy meter |
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| CN104459475A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-03-25 | 国家电网公司 | Method for managing power utilization user behaviors based on power grid on-line monitoring information |
| CN107607760A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-01-19 | 江阴长仪集团有限公司 | Electric energy metrical electricity anti-theft system and its method |
| CN112098712A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-12-18 | 宁波三星医疗电气股份有限公司 | Electricity larceny prevention method |
| CN113848360A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-12-28 | 江苏林洋能源股份有限公司 | Load high resistance and bypass electricity stealing detection circuit and detection method for three-phase meter |
| CN113848381A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-12-28 | 石家庄科林电气股份有限公司 | Device and method for judging current bypass event |
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| CN2040252U (en) * | 1988-06-01 | 1989-06-28 | 杨尊利 | Electricity steal preventing electric meter |
| CN1114051A (en) * | 1994-06-09 | 1995-12-27 | 陈朝晖 | Method for anti-fraudulent use electricity by short-circuit |
| CN2503490Y (en) * | 2001-08-08 | 2002-07-31 | 章士奇 | Automatic alarm electric meter with electronic system for avoiding electric burglary |
| CN200965551Y (en) * | 2006-11-08 | 2007-10-24 | 方家立 | Multi-functional digital watt-hour meter |
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2009
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| CN104459475A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-03-25 | 国家电网公司 | Method for managing power utilization user behaviors based on power grid on-line monitoring information |
| CN107607760A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-01-19 | 江阴长仪集团有限公司 | Electric energy metrical electricity anti-theft system and its method |
| CN107607760B (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2024-05-24 | 江阴长仪集团有限公司 | Electric energy metering anti-theft system and method thereof |
| CN112098712A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-12-18 | 宁波三星医疗电气股份有限公司 | Electricity larceny prevention method |
| CN112098712B (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2023-06-30 | 宁波三星医疗电气股份有限公司 | Method for preventing fraudulent use of electricity |
| CN113848360A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-12-28 | 江苏林洋能源股份有限公司 | Load high resistance and bypass electricity stealing detection circuit and detection method for three-phase meter |
| CN113848360B (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2024-03-12 | 江苏林洋能源股份有限公司 | Load high-resistance and bypass electricity larceny detection circuit and detection method for three-phase meter |
| CN113848381A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-12-28 | 石家庄科林电气股份有限公司 | Device and method for judging current bypass event |
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|---|---|
| CN101620240B (en) | 2013-03-27 |
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