Be applied to the special build-up welding machine of heavy roll or compression roller
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of welding equipment, be specifically related to a kind of special build-up welding machine that is used for heavy roll or compression roller.
Background technology
The technology of roll automatic surfacing now adopts a planer-type roll automatic resurfacing welding machine and a horizontal lathe class main frame to cooperate to come usually workpiece is carried out submerged arc overlay welding, or is equipped with shape such as turning rolls class main frame and planer-type roll automatic resurfacing welding machine and uses.The former workpiece centering is inconvenient, and unproductive time is long, and machine spindle and claw are prone to rupture because of equipment thermal change position; The latter is prone to the phenomenon that workpiece and active roller skid, and surfacing quality is relatively poor.And owing to use two kinds of equipment to cooperate, thereby occupied ground is more.For example; The day for announcing is that August 30 nineteen ninety-five, notification number are that CN2206175Y, name are called the Chinese utility model patent of " roll overlaying machine "; This patent has only solved problem how to adjust built-up welding head operating position continuously; And unresolved other problems, still need cooperate other similar turning rolls class main frames or lathe class main frame to come workpiece is carried out submerged arc overlay welding.And a little patent disclosed " roll overlaying machine " welding wires that change the outfit, welding gun cleaning and very inconvenience of maintenance, main shaft or roller bearing are fragile.This patent neither design for the continuous built-up welding of large-scale workpiece specially, and when carrying out the built-up welding of large-scale workpiece, because chronic, surfacing equipment itself is prone to produce various thermal deformations.
The day for announcing is that February 1, notification number in 2006 are that CN2754796Y, name are called the Chinese utility model patent of " wish-bone arm type roll automatic resurfacing welding machine ", discloses a kind of wish-bone arm type roll automatic resurfacing welding machine.Though providing a kind of, this patent can integrate lathe and the whole built-up welding machine equipment of roll automatic resurfacing welding machine; But its structural design is not to be directed against the large-scale roller workpiece fully; So the equipment of its supporting workpiece can't satisfy the bulky needs of large-scale workpiece; And its initiatively the equipment design of centering, clamping workpiece also exist irrational place, centering is very not convenient.And use the unfavorable replacing wire reel of trabeation, and because its built-up welding head has only a cover, when the welding large-scale workpiece, efficient is very low.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has overcome the deficiency of prior art, and a kind of automatic surfacing special plane that is directed against the research and development of heavy roll or compression roller specially is provided, and this special build-up welding machine is rational in infrastructure, and stable and reliable operation is convenient to change the interpolation of wire reel and solder flux, welding gun cleaning and maintenance.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of special build-up welding machine that is applied to heavy roll or compression roller comprises support, is used for workpiece is supported and the device of locating, anti-channeling device, device, drive unit and complete machine PCL control system that workpiece is welded; Be used for workpiece is supported and the device of locating comprises main spindle box and the adjustable support positioner that is used for centering, clamping and the rotation of driving workpiece; Adjustable support positioner has two at least; In a certain distance apart from one another, being installed on the base in the mode of sliding on the base; The device that workpiece is welded comprises side extension coaster, and it is installed in the side of base, and side is hung Flux Recovery Unit and the up-down welding cantilever that is used to carry out built-up welding also are installed on the coaster.
The present invention's technical scheme further is:
Two sliding rails are arranged on the support, and adjustable support positioner is installed in orbit, and the device that heavy roll or compression roller are welded has two covers, can work individually or simultaneously; Said main spindle box installed beside is useful on maintenance and clears up the platform near the welding head of main spindle box one side, and platform is provided with cat ladder and fence.
Described main spindle box comprises casing, telescopic floating chuck, main shaft drives, transmission system, pneumatic top, elevating mechanism, the revolution speed measuring device that is used for accurately controlling rotating speed, mechanical clear point device; It is outside and have certain angle amount of floating and radial displacement amount of floating that said floating chuck is installed in casing, is used for the clamping workpiece; Scalable pneumatic top being installed in the hollow spindle, and coaxial with the spindle axis line of floating chuck; Elevating mechanism is installed in lower box and is used to carry out the up-down of main shaft composition and transmission system; Revolution speed measuring device and mechanical clear point device are installed on the lifter slide, wherein turn round the gear ring engagement of gear that quick-mounting puts and bearing supporting, to control the rotating speed and the playback of floating chuck; Main axis transmission system is installed on the lifter slide of main spindle box riser guide, and lifter slide is by elevator drives; Spindle drive systems adopts AC servo motor; With the main shaft decelerator flange direct connection that is installed on the main spindle box lifter slide; Assemble driving gear on the reducer output shaft, be meshed gear ring and floating chuck Bolt Connection with the gear ring of the pivoting support that is installed in the slide plate another side; Revolution speed measuring device and mechanical clear point device are installed on the lifter slide, wherein turn round the gear of speed measuring device and the gear ring engagement of bearing supporting.
Described floating chuck structure is that the duplex chain shaft coupling is installed between pivoting support and chuck; Be that chuck passes through the duplex chain shaft coupling and connects with the gear ring of pivoting support indirectly, make chuck have certain angle amount of floating and radial displacement amount of floating.
The revolution speed measuring device comprises two web gear, rotating shaft, holding screw, bearing, extension spring and rotary encoders that the number of teeth is identical; And described mechanical clear point device comprises noncontacting switch and sensor block.
The present invention can also be:
Adjustable support positioner comprise frame, roller set, roller set bearing block, about tune joint leading screw, scale; Roller set is installed on the roller set bearing block through bolt; The roller set bearing block is installed on the frame, and roller set adopts the transmission of left-right turning screw rod pair of nut, tunes the joint leading screw about utilization and reaches symmetry adjusting roller wheelspan; To the workpiece of different size diameter, reach rational support angle.
There is a pair of linear guides the support side, and side is hung coaster and is installed on the linear guides, and on the welding cantilever built-up welding head, thread guide mechanism is installed, and both are installed in the top of welding cantilever through a bracing or strutting arrangement; Welding cantilever below is equipped with wire reel, welds cantilever simultaneously by its up-down of elevating mechanism control.
Drive unit adopts AC servo motor, is installed in side and hangs on the gap eliminator of coaster, and mechanical clear point device and mechanical electric stopping means are installed in the support end.
Spread thermal insulation board above the support, the side of support is provided with the recirculated water cold trap corresponding to the guide rail place simultaneously, and main spindle box adds heat shield and recirculated water cold trap simultaneously.
PLC control system has touch-screen, can realize whole program input and operation control, and the control system has the school of showing function, breakpoint memory function, and all control cables adopt high temperature resistant flat control cable.
Operation principle of the present invention is following:
The workpiece that weight is very big (30 tons~200 tons) directly is hung on the adjustable support positioner, accomplishes centering through elevating mechanism in the operation axis case and pneumatic top the stretching that be installed in the main spindle box, and makes work piece hoisting, centering accurately and rapidly.After accomplishing centering, move after top, but the chuck free floating, this moment, workpiece can be supported by adjustable support positioner fully, and the floating chuck in the main spindle box does not bear other load except that output torque, thereby fault rate is low.Adjustable support positioner is two groups of adjustable roller set owing to what be provided with, thus can satisfy the workpiece of different-diameter size, and can reach reasonable support angle.And then hang facility co-ordinations such as coaster, welding cantilever by side through the PLC control system welding cantilever that goes up and down, and control built-up welding machine head, workpiece is welded.
Compared with prior art; The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: specially to the for example design of special build-up welding machines such as roll, compression roller, overload hydraulic cylinder of heavy workpiece; Rational in infrastructure; Reliable and stable, be convenient to change the interpolation of wire reel and solder flux, welding gun cleaning and safeguard that operating efficiency also improves greatly simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is overall structure figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the A of Fig. 1 is to view;
Fig. 3 is the planar structure sketch map of main spindle box of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is that B along Fig. 3 is to view;
Fig. 5 is the planar structure sketch map of revolution speed measuring device among the present invention;
Fig. 6 is that the C of Fig. 5 is to view
Fig. 7 is the planar structure sketch map of the present invention's machinery clear point device;
Fig. 8 can support the planar structure sketch map of positioner for the present invention;
Fig. 9 is that the D of Fig. 8 is to view;
Figure 10 hangs the structural representation of coaster and welding cantilever for side of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing preferred implementation of the present invention is done further to set forth.
Like Fig. 1,2,3,4,7, shown in 8; A kind of special build-up welding machine that is applied to heavy roll or compression roller; Comprising support 3, is two slide rails on the support 3, and slide rail is provided with at least two adjustable support positioners 4; Be installed on the slide rail in a certain distance apart from one another, and can move in orbit along the slide rail axis direction.Main spindle box 2 and anti-channeling device 10 are installed in the two ends of support 3 respectively, and the height of the anti-channeling roller of anti-channeling device and horizontal level are stepless adjustable.Main spindle box 2 comprises that casing 24, floating chuck 21, main axis transmission system 23, pneumatic top 22, elevating mechanism 25, the revolution speed measuring device 26 that is used for accurately controlling rotating speed, mechanical clear point device 27 form; Said floating chuck 21 is installed in casing 24 outsides and has certain amount of floating, and scalable pneumatic top 22 are installed in the casing 24, concentric with the pivoting support that floating chuck 21 is installed; Floating chuck 21 structures are that duplex chain shaft coupling 29 is installed between pivoting support and chuck 211; Be that chuck passes through duplex chain shaft coupling 29 and connects with the gear ring of pivoting support indirectly, make chuck 211 have certain angle amount of floating and radial displacement amount of floating.Elevating mechanism 25 is installed in casing 24 bottoms and is used to carry out the up-down of main spindle box 2; Revolution speed measuring device and mechanical clear point device 27 are installed on the lifter slide, wherein turn round the gear of speed measuring device and the gear ring of bearing supporting and do not have the gap engagement, with the rotating speed and the playback of accurate control floating chuck; Main shaft group transmission system is installed on the lifter slide of main spindle box riser guide, and lifter slide is driven by lift 25; Main shaft driving device adopts AC servo motor; With the main shaft decelerator flange direct connection that is installed on the main spindle box lifter slide; Assemble driving gear on the reducer output shaft, be meshed gear ring and floating chuck Bolt Connection with the gear ring of the pivoting support that is installed in the slide plate another side; Revolution speed measuring device and mechanical clear point device are installed on the lifter slide, wherein turn round the gear of speed measuring device and the gear ring of pivoting support and are the engagement of no gap.Said structure is thoroughly eliminated the stress that main shaft is produced because of thermal deformation and centering error; Improved the life-span of main spindle box greatly.The workpiece that weight is very big directly hangs on adjustable support positioner 4; Accomplish centering through elevating mechanism in the operation axis case 25 and pneumatic top the stretching that are installed in the main spindle box 2, make centering accurately with rapidly, after accomplishing centering; Move after pneumatic top 22; But floating chuck 21 free floatings are to realize that through special roller chain coupling is installed on chuck the scope of its angle amount of floating is :-3 to+3.The radial displacement amount of floating is: 6 millimeters.After moving after top; Workpiece can be supported by adjustable support positioner fully, and adjustable support positioner is two groups of roller set and adjustable owing to what be provided with, so support effect is fine; Floating chuck in the main spindle box does not bear other load except that output torque simultaneously, thereby fault rate is low.
Described adjustable support positioner 4 is like Fig. 8, shown in 9, comprise frame 41, roller set 43, roller set bearing block 44, about tune joint leading screw 42, scale 45; Roller set 43 is installed on the roller set bearing block 44 through bolt, and roller set bearing block 44 is installed on the frame 41, and roller set 43 adopts the transmission of left-right turning screw rod pair of nut, tunes joint leading screw 42 symmetries about utilization and regulates the roller wheelspan.Adjustable support positioner 4 can be realized the support and the location of workpiece, and promptly the workpiece axial line remains on the plane of symmetry that supports the positioner roller set.44 of roller set bearing blocks adopt the inclination split type structure, select high-temperature bearing for use, and bearing is hermetically sealed, and adopt grease lubrication, and rivet the mica insulation material on the frame surface of adjustable support positioner 4.Can significantly improve bearing service life, and easy to maintenance.
Like Fig. 5,6, shown in 7, the revolution speed measuring device is by two web gears 261,262 that the number of teeth is identical, and rotating shaft 263, holding screw 264, axle sleeve 265, bearing 266, extension spring 268 and rotary encoder 267 are formed.Wherein web gear 261,262 overlaps and is installed in the rotating shaft 263 through holding screw 264; Axle sleeve 265 is installed in the rotating shaft 263; Web gear 261,262 is in bearing 266 1 sides; Rotation edit code device 267 is installed in the opposite side of bearing 266, and extension spring 268 then is installed in web gear 261, between 262.Because the effect of extension spring 268 is adjacent to 262 dislocation of two gears respectively with the teeth groove left and right sides of floating chuck, eliminated backlash, can accurately carry out reading control, reaches higher indexing accuracy and controls with rotating speed.And mechanical clear point device 27 at first collides limit switch by the link stopper that is installed on the gear ring when floating chuck is done back zero motion, and the effect through sensor block and noncontacting switch accurately is parked on the dead-center position floating chuck then.
Like Fig. 1,2, shown in 10; In the side of base 3 two slide rails are installed also; The equipment that two covers are used to weld is installed on the slide rail; Every suit comprises that all side hangs coaster 6, and it is installed on the slide rail of side of base 3, and side is hung Flux Recovery Unit 7 and the liftable welding cantilever 8 that is used to install built-up welding head 87 also are installed on the coaster 6.These welding cantilever 8 belows are equipped with wire reel 83; Weld cantilever 8 simultaneously by elevating mechanism 85 its up-downs of control; Welding cantilever 8 tops are equipped with and comprise built-up welding head 87, thread guide mechanism 86 etc.; They are installed in the top of welding cantilever 8 through a bracing or strutting arrangement and balancer, and stretch out to vertical direction with the welding cantilevered axle on the edge.Said structure guarantees that when the built-up welding large-scale workpiece " creeping " phenomenon does not appear in the welding cantilever when Ultra-Low Speed moves, guaranteed the built-up welding surface accuracy.Because design is cantilever design rather than beam structure, 1.5 meters of welding cantilever elevation strokes, and wire reel 83, Flux Recovery Unit 7 be installed in the both sides that side is hung coaster greatly facilitate that welding wire changes the outfit, solder flux adds, welding gun cleaning and safeguarding.
Described drive unit adopts AC servo motor, and supporting elimination clearance mechanism is hung coaster 6 with side, mechanical clear point device 27 links to each other.Shop thermal insulation board 5 above the described support 3, the side of support 3 also is provided with thermal insulation board 5 simultaneously, and main spindle box adds heat shield simultaneously.Also but the moving guide rail of offside extension coaster is taked the recirculated water cooling, guarantees long-term continuous operation.
Described PLC control system has touch-screen; Can realize whole program input and operation control; The control system has the school of showing function, breakpoint memory function, and gives according to different workpieces and to put: weld length, welding position, built-up welding amount of lap, speed of welding, straight burr calibration, reticulate pattern calibration and lift angle programming.All control cables adopt high temperature resistant flat control cable.
PLC control system specialization is following in addition:
The control system adopts the digital control system able to programme (PLC) of stable performance as central control system; The import touch-screen is realized the program input and the operation control of complete machine; Realize the welding full process automatization, and give according to different workpieces and to put: weld length, welding position, built-up welding amount of lap, speed of welding, straight burr calibration, reticulate pattern calibration and lift angle programming.Main program adopts the INTERPOLATION CONTROL OF PULSE pattern, and motion of main shaft adopts no gap feedback device, and coaster moves to drive to adopt eliminates clearance mechanism, has solved actuating unit and has lost the problem in step, so can realize the automatic surfacing of compression roller roll surface straight burr, reticulate pattern and ripples line.Control system tool shows school function, breakpoint memory function, current interruption defencive function, and all control cables adopt high temperature resistant flat control cable.