CN101616511B - Preparation method of ceramic heating element - Google Patents
Preparation method of ceramic heating element Download PDFInfo
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- CN101616511B CN101616511B CN2009100386792A CN200910038679A CN101616511B CN 101616511 B CN101616511 B CN 101616511B CN 2009100386792 A CN2009100386792 A CN 2009100386792A CN 200910038679 A CN200910038679 A CN 200910038679A CN 101616511 B CN101616511 B CN 101616511B
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- ceramic heating
- heating element
- heating assembly
- nickel
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Abstract
The invention relates to a ceramic heating element, comprising at least two layers alumina base materials, conducting layers formed between the alumina base materials as well as electrodes and leads for connecting the conducting layers. A ceramic heating assembly based on the ceramic heating element consists of at least one heating unit, and the heating unit is formed by bonding the ceramic heating element, insulating glue and radiating pieces together. The resistance and the temperature of the ceramic heating element provided by the invention form a positive linear relationship in the whole working period from starting by electrifying to a stable work without obvious impact current. When the ceramic heating assembly works, the surface of the radiating piece is uncharged; the ceramic heating assembly can pass a 4500V/ls voltage-withstanding test and is safe and reliable; the temperature and the time as well as the power and the time are in similar linear relations with slow change; the initial temperature rate is obviously higher than that of a PTC heating assembly under the same heating condition; and the balanced power is obviously more energy-saving than that of the PTC heating assembly for achieving the same heating effect. The invention also provides a method for manufacturing the ceramic heating element.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the electric heating series products, be specifically related to heater element, based on heat generating component of heater element and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Referring to Fig. 1; Usually use PTC (positive temperature coefficient) heat generating component at present in the electric heating series products; This heat generating component constitutes (being three groups among Fig. 1) by at least one group of heat-generating units; Heat-generating units comprises at least one PTC heater 1-3 and is adhered to the heat radiation aluminium flake 1-1 of PTC heater both sides through conducting resinl 1-2 that the PTC heat generating component prolongs as electrode 1-4 through the heat radiation aluminium flake of each heat-generating units both sides.Entire heat dissipation aluminium flake 1-1 surface charging was dangerous when above-mentioned PTC heat generating component was worked, and must adopt extra insulating protection to handle; In addition; Starting power non-linear rapid variation in 5～15 seconds that the PTC heater element is intrinsic; The dynamic adjustments process has following bad place: the one, and cause the heating rate of PTC heater element slow, the 2nd, there is a very obviously big impulse current in circuit, circuit design requires relatively harsher.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to address the deficiencies of the prior art, a kind of preparation method of new ceramics heater members is provided.
Above-mentioned purpose realizes through following technical scheme:
A kind of method of making above-mentioned ceramic heating device, it may further comprise the steps:
1) using The tape casting to prepare purity is 96% and above alumina ceramic plate;
2) between per two piece aluminum oxide potsherds, form conductive layer with screen printing mode;
3) the multi-disc alumina ceramic plate that laminates after the processing is being higher than high temperature sintering under 1600 ℃ of conditions under the wet hydrogen reducing atmosphere that feeds certain proportion steam;
4) two electrodes that are connected with conductive layer are set, carry out nickel plating, form the nickel coating electrode in electrode;
5) in the hydrogen atmosphere stove, as scolder electrode and nickel plain conductor are welded with yellow gold;
6) live the nickel plain conductor with high temperature Furtulon sleeve pipe box, and enclose insulation silica gel at nickel plain conductor and nickel coating electrode junction.
Through experimental verification, ceramic heating element provided by the invention is the linear positive relation from whole duration of work resistance and the temperature that energising starts to stabilized operating temperature, does not have tangible impulse current; Ceramic heating assembly provided by the invention fin surface when work is not charged; And can pass through the 4500V/1s voltage-withstand test; Safe and reliable; Temperature and time, power and time are the linear approximate relationship that slowly changes, and initial heating rate is obviously fast than PTC heat generating component under identical heating condition, and the balanced power when reaching identical heats is obviously more energy-conservation than PTC heat generating component.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the discrete composition diagram of existing P TC heat generating component;
Fig. 2 is the discrete composition diagram of the ceramic heating assembly that adopts of the present invention;
Fig. 3 be in the ceramic heating assembly that adopts of the present invention ceramic heating element overlook exterior view;
Fig. 4 is that the A-A place is the profile of ceramic heating element electrode among Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the resistance-temperature characteristics figure of ceramic heating element;
Fig. 6 is the resistance-temperature characteristics figure of existing P TC heater element;
Fig. 7 is the temperature-time response comparison diagram of ceramic heating assembly of the present invention and PTC heat generating component;
Fig. 8 is the current-time characteristic comparison diagram of ceramic heating assembly of the present invention and PTC heat generating component.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 3, alumina ceramic heating element 2-1 comprises alumina insulation matrix pottery 3-1, is arranged at the inner conductive layer (not shown) of alumina insulation matrix pottery 3-1, the electrode 3-2 and the lead 3-3 of connecting conductive layer.As shown in Figure 4; In the present embodiment; Alumina insulation matrix pottery 3-1 specifically comprises aluminium oxide bottom 3-6 and aluminium oxide upper strata 3-5, and said conductive layer is formed between aluminium oxide bottom 3-6 and the aluminium oxide upper strata 3-5, and narrow and small indent closed pore is set on the 3-5 of aluminium oxide upper strata; The long-pending ratio that accounts for whole alumina insulation matrix pottery 3-1 total surface of this indent hole-closing surface is less than 5%; The end of electrode 3-2 and lead 3-3 is arranged in this indent closed pore, is used for the heater element electrode and draws, and the indent closed pore adopts insulation silica gel to fill up.Lead is a nickel wire, and adopts the Teflon sebific duct to entangle and draw.Smooth and easy for conducting, on the conductive layer at indent closed pore place nickel coating 3-4 is set.
The manufacture method of above-mentioned ceramic heating element, step is following: 1) using The tape casting to prepare purity is 96% and above alumina ceramic plate, like aluminium oxide bottom 3-6, aluminium oxide upper strata 3-5; 2) between per two piece aluminum oxide potsherds, form conductive layer with screen printing mode; 3) the multi-disc alumina ceramic plate that laminates after the processing is being higher than high temperature sintering under 1600 ℃ of conditions under the wet hydrogen reducing atmosphere that feeds certain proportion steam; 4) two electrodes that are connected with conductive layer are set, carry out nickel plating, form the nickel coating electrode in electrode; 5) in the hydrogen atmosphere stove, as scolder electrode and nickel plain conductor are welded with yellow gold; 6) live the nickel plain conductor with high temperature Furtulon sleeve pipe box, and enclose insulation silica gel at nickel plain conductor and nickel coating electrode junction.
The metal paste of the said conductive layer wherein, step 2) is resistant to elevated temperatures metallic resistance slurry, add purity simultaneously and be 96% and above insulating material as the resistivity of additive with the adjustment resistance slurry.
Creepage distance among Fig. 4 (between two conductive components or the beeline that records along the insulant surface between conductive component and the utensil border) meets GB 4706.1-2005 " the safe part 1 of family expenses and similar applications electrical equipment: general requirement " and IEC 60335-1-2006 " Household and similar electrical appliances-Safety-Part 1:General requirements " family expenses and similar applications security appliance standard fully.
As shown in Figure 2, ceramic heating assembly comprises at least one group of ceramic heating unit (among the figure being three groups), and every group of heat-generating units is by alumina ceramic heating element 2-1, insulating cement 2-2 and fin 1-1 is bonding forms.Alumina ceramic heating element 2-1 upper and lower surfaces is all through the bonding fin 1-1 of insulating cement, and fin 1-1 adopts the aluminum or aluminum alloy material, and insulating cement adopts the insulating cement of anti-500 ℃ of high temperature.
Handle through insulation silica gel and high temperature Furtulon sleeve pipe; Both sides are sticky as a heat-generating units with the insulating cement and the aluminium radiator fin of 500 ℃ of high temperature of ability; Structures such as that aluminium radiator fin can adopt is emanant, corrugated, fin type, heat generating component is coupled together through parallel connection or series system by so one or more heat-generating units and constitutes.In conjunction with Fig. 2 and above-mentioned statement; Every group of ceramic heating unit and whole ceramic heating assembly surface are not charged; Add the good insulation performance of alumina substrate material, heat generating component can have been eliminated the potential potential safety hazard of surface charging fully through the voltage-withstand test of 4500V/1S.
Below further combine experimental data, beneficial effect of the present invention is described:
Fig. 5 is that ceramic heating element of the present invention is the experimental data of resistance-temperature curve of 94 Ω in normal temperature (25 ± 2 ℃) resistance; The resistance of this ceramic heating element is along with the slow smooth change of temperature, and this linear relationship that is changed to positive temperature coefficient obviously is different from the resistance-temperature characteristics figure of existing P TC heater element shown in Figure 6; Can know by Fig. 6; During the firm energising of PTC heater element, the resistance value of element descends with the rising of temperature, is negative temperature that is NTC characteristic; When temperature is elevated to certain limit, the PTC heater element will be positive temperature characterisitic, and the starting point of positive temperature characterisitic is so-called Curie point.Linear positive relation just because of resistance-temperature of the present invention has determined ceramic heating element of the present invention not have impulse current in essence.
Ceramic heating element of the present invention and PTC heater element are formed corresponding heat generating component at the same specification heat abstractor of adhesion equal area and heated length; Under identical on-load voltage; Behind identical No Load Start; 30 seconds windages through self-control blower fan loading constant basis (the self-control blower fan is formed air-heater with PTC heat generating component and ceramic heating assembly respectively), table 1, table 2 are respectively the test datas of PTC heat generating component and ceramic heating assembly of the present invention.
Table 1
Table 2
Can obviously find out from the data of table 1 and table 2; Loading fixed voltage under other the same terms, ceramic heating assembly air heat effect of the present invention is superior to PTC heat generating component air heat effect, and the one, show in the unloaded 30S that loads; Ceramic heating assembly of the present invention heats up obviously fast; During 15S, ceramic heating assembly temperature of the present invention reaches 140 ℃, and PTC heat generating component corresponding temperature is merely 78 ℃; Second air heating component shows that equilibrium temperature ceramic heating assembly of the present invention is 169 ℃, and the corresponding equilibrium temperature of PTC heat generating component is 153 ℃; Three air port equilibrium temperature ceramic heating assembly of the present invention (air port 5mm temperature: 138 ℃ that load after the identical windage; Air port 40mm temperature: 78 ℃) is superior to PTC heat generating component (air port 5mm temperature: 119 ℃ too; Air port 40mm temperature: 71 ℃).
Fig. 7, Fig. 8 are respectively temperature-time, the current-time characteristic comparison diagrams of ceramic heating assembly of the present invention and PTC heat generating component.
In this experimental example, because under other the same terms, on-load voltage is constant, loop current has just characterized the power consumption of heating component,
Can know from table 1 and table 2 and Fig. 8 current curve diagram; The balanced balanced current of ceramic heating assembly of the present invention is 0.91A, and the PTC heat generating component is 1.28A, and electric current characterizes power; So the balanced power of ceramic heating assembly of the present invention is merely 71.09% (0.91/1.28) of PTC heat generating component; See that from energy-conservation situation the power consumption of ceramic heating assembly of the present invention is starkly lower than the PTC heat generating component, than energy-conservation 29.91% ((1.28-0.91)/1.28) of PTC heat generating component.As can be seen from Figure 8, the PTC heat generating component has a very large impulse current 3.86A.
In this experimental example to the current curve integration, just can find out at a time between the section in, the power consumption situation of PTC heat generating component and ceramic heating assembly of the present invention.We can get 0S → 5400S (1.5h) integration to both current curves, and the subordinate list among Fig. 8 has provided corresponding integral and calculating result.See that from integral area ceramic heating assembly of the present invention is 4918.05, the PTC heat generating component is 6899.45, and ceramic heating assembly integral area of the present invention has lacked 28.72% ((6899.45-4918.05)/6899.45).Before surface analysis learn that electric current characterizes electrical power, hence one can see that, under the same conditions, No Load Start, 30S load identical windage, in the testing time section (5400S, 1.5h), the power consumption of ceramic heating assembly of the present invention than PTC heat generating component low 28.72%.
The present invention is not limited to the foregoing description; For example, said HTCC heater element can comprise more than three or three alumina ceramic plate and; Said HTCC heat generating component can be made up of one, HTCC heat-generating units more than two or three; Based on simple replacement the foregoing description, that do not make creative work, should belong to the scope that the present invention discloses.
Claims (2)
1. a method of making ceramic heating device is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) using The tape casting to prepare purity is 96% and above alumina ceramic plate;
2) between per two piece aluminum oxide potsherds, form conductive layer with screen printing mode;
3) the multi-disc alumina ceramic plate that laminates after the processing is being higher than high temperature sintering under 1600 ℃ of conditions under the wet hydrogen reducing atmosphere that feeds certain proportion steam;
4) two electrodes that are connected with conductive layer are set, carry out nickel plating, form the nickel coating electrode in electrode;
5) in the hydrogen atmosphere stove, as scolder electrode and nickel plain conductor are welded with yellow gold;
6) live the nickel plain conductor with high temperature Furtulon sleeve pipe box, and enclose insulation silica gel at nickel plain conductor and nickel coating electrode junction.
2. the method for making ceramic heating device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The metal paste of the said conductive layer step 2) is resistant to elevated temperatures metallic resistance slurry, add purity simultaneously and be 96% and above insulating material as the resistivity of additive with the adjustment resistance slurry.
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| CN2009100386792A CN101616511B (en) | 2009-04-16 | 2009-04-16 | Preparation method of ceramic heating element |
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| CN2009100386792A CN101616511B (en) | 2009-04-16 | 2009-04-16 | Preparation method of ceramic heating element |
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| CN101616511B true CN101616511B (en) | 2012-05-23 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104754775B (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2017-06-06 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Electric heater and electric automobile |
| CN108289346A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-07-17 | 董德亮 | A kind of fever tablet, the preparation method of heating floor and fever tablet |
| CN109206136A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-01-15 | 湖南聚能陶瓷材料有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high-pressure resistant ceramic heater |
| DE102019217693A1 (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2021-05-20 | Mahle International Gmbh | Heating module |
Citations (6)
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| CN2067056U (en) * | 1990-03-31 | 1990-12-05 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐所 | Positive temp. coefficient thermal ceramic (ptc) heating device for heat gun |
| US6185101B1 (en) * | 1997-12-24 | 2001-02-06 | Denso Corporation | Electronic circuit apparatus and method for assembling the same |
| CN2530192Y (en) * | 2002-02-10 | 2003-01-08 | 杨子江 | Monocrystal superpolymer high temp electric heater |
| CN1649449A (en) * | 2004-01-20 | 2005-08-03 | 珠海粤科清华电子陶瓷有限公司 | High temperature coburning heating element and its producing method |
| CN1655652A (en) * | 2004-02-13 | 2005-08-17 | 郜长福 | Method of making electric-heating film PTC heating devices |
| CN201418159Y (en) * | 2009-04-16 | 2010-03-03 | 珠海粤科京华电子陶瓷有限公司 | Ceramic heating elements and ceramic heating components |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2067056U (en) * | 1990-03-31 | 1990-12-05 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐所 | Positive temp. coefficient thermal ceramic (ptc) heating device for heat gun |
| US6185101B1 (en) * | 1997-12-24 | 2001-02-06 | Denso Corporation | Electronic circuit apparatus and method for assembling the same |
| CN2530192Y (en) * | 2002-02-10 | 2003-01-08 | 杨子江 | Monocrystal superpolymer high temp electric heater |
| CN1649449A (en) * | 2004-01-20 | 2005-08-03 | 珠海粤科清华电子陶瓷有限公司 | High temperature coburning heating element and its producing method |
| CN1655652A (en) * | 2004-02-13 | 2005-08-17 | 郜长福 | Method of making electric-heating film PTC heating devices |
| CN201418159Y (en) * | 2009-04-16 | 2010-03-03 | 珠海粤科京华电子陶瓷有限公司 | Ceramic heating elements and ceramic heating components |
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