CN101615941B - Measuring method of channel matrix rank, device and terminal - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a measuring method of a channel matrix rank, a device and a terminal, wherein, the method is applied to a wireless communication system terminal; antennas of the wireless communication system terminal are configured as follows: two-transmitting and two-receiving, two-transmitting and four-receiving or four-transmitting and two-receiving. The measuring method comprises the following steps: generating a hermitian matrix A according to a channel matrix H; constructing an equation group with a characteristic value of nonnegative real numbers by using the hermitian matrix A; and judging the rank of the channel matrix H according to the coefficients of the equation group, so as to lead the base station to determine the number of data flows sent to the terminal according to the rank. The invention is applicable to the terminal of the wireless communication system with two-transmitting and two-receiving, four-transmitting and two-receiving and two-transmitting and four-receiving antennas, and can measure the rank of the two-step matrix. Under the condition of achieving the same performance, the measuring method has very little computation quantity, does not need to solve equation, thus avoiding complex computation of root opening and the like and improving the computing speed.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for measuring a channel matrix rank of a 3GPP LTE (long term Evolution) system terminal, and a terminal.
Background
In order to increase the data transmission rate in the wireless communication system, a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology is introduced in a future wireless communication system, i.e., an LTE system, and the MIMO technology increases the transmission rate according to the uncorrelated characteristics of transmission channels among Multiple antennas. This means that the MIMO technology can simultaneously transmit a plurality of parallel data streams at the same frequency, and the parallel data streams are distinguished by the irrelevance of the channel matrix, so the number of data streams that can be simultaneously transmitted in parallel in the MIMO system depends on the number of linearly independent vectors in the channel matrix, that is, the rank of the channel matrix.
In the MIMO technique, the relationship between the transmitted signal, the received signal and the channel matrix can be simply expressed by the following formula:
YR×1＝HR×TXT×1
in the formula, R represents the number of receiving antennas, and T represents the number of transmitting antennas. H is the channel matrix, X is the transmitted signal vector and Y is the received signal vector.
In a wireless channel, the channel condition changes in real time, so that in the case of transmission using MIMO technology, a terminal must feed back information of a channel matrix rank to a base station at all times, so that the base station can determine the number of data streams to be transmitted in parallel according to the condition of the current channel matrix rank.
The present wireless communication system terminal generally adopts a single transmitting antenna and a single receiving antenna to transmit data, and this transceiving mode can only transmit one data stream at most. However, for a terminal using multiple antennas, how to accurately transmit more data streams to the terminal becomes an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to enable a base station to accurately determine the number of data streams transmitted to a terminal, the invention provides a method for measuring the rank of a channel matrix, which is applied to a terminal of a wireless communication system, wherein the antenna of the wireless communication system is configured as follows: the method comprises the following steps of two-transmission and two-receiving or two-transmission and four-receiving or four-transmission and two-receiving:
generating a Hermite matrix A according to the channel matrix H;
constructing an equation set with eigenvalues of nonnegative real numbers by using the Hermite matrix A;
and judging the rank of the channel matrix H according to the coefficients of the equation set so that the base station determines the number of data streams sent to the terminal according to the rank.
The step of generating the hermitian matrix a according to the channel matrix H specifically comprises:
a hermitian matrix a of smaller dimension is calculated from the channel matrix H,
that is, it is determined whether R is less than T, and if R < T, A2×2＝HR×T×HR×T H；
Otherwise, A2×2＝HR×T H×HR×T；
Wherein,
r is the number of receiving antennas;
and T is the number of the transmitting antennas.
The step of constructing an equation set with eigenvalues of non-negative real numbers by using the hermitian matrix a specifically includes:
a quadratic equation of unity is constructed using λ I-a | ═ 0, where I is a 2 × 2 unit matrix, assuming a2×2Comprises the following steps:
then | λ I-a | ═ 0 is specifically:
i.e. the quadratic equation of one unit is lambda2+bλ+c＝0，
Wherein, b ═ r11+r22)，c＝(r11r22-r12r21)。
The step of judging the rank of the channel matrix H according to the coefficients of the equation set specifically includes:
judgment of
Whether greater than Δ, if <math>
<mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
<mfrac>
<msup>
<mi>b</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mi>c</mi>
</mfrac>
<mo>|</mo>
<mo>></mo>
<mi>Δ</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
</mrow>
</math> The rank of the matrix a is 1, that is, the rank of the channel matrix H is 1;
otherwise, the rank of the matrix a is 2, that is, the rank of the channel matrix H is 2;
where Δ is the condition number threshold of the matrix A.
The invention also provides a device for measuring the channel matrix rank, which is applied to a wireless communication system terminal, wherein the antenna configuration of the wireless communication system is as follows: two-transmission two-reception or two-transmission four-reception or four-transmission two-reception, the measuring device includes:
the Hermite matrix generation module is used for generating a Hermite matrix A according to the channel matrix H;
the equation generation module is used for generating an equation set with eigenvalues of non-negative real numbers by utilizing the Hermite matrix A;
and the matrix rank judging module is used for judging the rank of the channel matrix H according to the coefficients of the equation set so that the base station determines the number of data streams sent to the terminal according to the rank.
The present invention also provides a wireless communication system terminal, comprising: the measuring device of the channel matrix rank is applied to a wireless communication system terminal, and an antenna of the wireless communication system is configured as follows: two-transmission two-reception or two-transmission four-reception or four-transmission two-reception, the measuring device includes:
the Hermite matrix generation module is used for generating a Hermite matrix A according to the channel matrix H;
the equation generation module is used for generating an equation set with eigenvalues of non-negative real numbers by utilizing the Hermite matrix A;
and the matrix rank judging module is used for judging the rank of the channel matrix H according to the coefficients of the equation set so that the base station determines the number of data streams sent to the terminal according to the rank.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention constructs a matrix with characteristic values which are all non-negative real numbers by using a channel matrix, obtains an equation set according to the matrix, and obtains the rank of the matrix by using the coefficients of the equation set. The invention is suitable for the terminal of the wireless communication system with two-transmitting two-receiving, four-transmitting two-receiving and two-transmitting four-receiving antennas, and can measure the rank of the two-order matrix. Under the condition of achieving the same performance, the measuring method has very small calculation amount, does not need to solve an equation, avoids complex calculation such as root number opening and the like, and improves the calculation speed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for measuring channel matrix rank according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a channel matrix rank measurement apparatus according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The method of the invention is suitable for the terminal of the wireless communication system with three configurations of two-sending and two-receiving, four-sending and two-receiving and two-sending and four-receiving.
The invention is based on the matrix H and A ═ HHH has the same rank, and the eigenvalues of A are all non-negative real numbers, so that the calculation of the channel matrix H rank can be converted into the calculation of the rank of the matrix A. The process of calculating the rank of the matrix a is to construct a real one-dimensional quadratic equation | λ I-a | ═ 0 by using the matrix a, and then to determine the rank of the matrix H by using the coefficients of the one-dimensional quadratic equation.
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart of a channel matrix rank measurement method of the present invention, including the steps of:
step 2, constructing an equation set with a characteristic value of a non-negative real number by using the Hermite matrix;
and 3, judging the rank of the channel matrix H according to the coefficients of the equation set so that the base station determines the number of data streams sent to the terminal according to the rank.
The following describes in detail the implementation process of the above steps for three cases of two-transmission and two-reception, four-transmission and two-reception, and two-transmission and four-reception configured for MIMO transmit/receive antennas in the LTE system. Here, m-sending and n-receiving means: m is the number of transmitting antennas at the base station side, and n is the number of receiving antennas at the terminal side.
Step 1:
hypothetical channel matrix <math>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>H</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>R</mi>
<mo>×</mo>
<mi>T</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfenced open='[' close=']'>
<mtable>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<msub>
<mi>h</mi>
<mn>11</mn>
</msub>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mo>·</mo>
<mo>·</mo>
<mo>·</mo>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<msub>
<mi>h</mi>
<mrow>
<mn>1</mn>
<mi>T</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mo>·</mo>
<mo>·</mo>
<mo>·</mo>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mo>·</mo>
<mo>·</mo>
<mo>·</mo>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mo>·</mo>
<mo>·</mo>
<mo>·</mo>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<msub>
<mi>h</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>R</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mo>·</mo>
<mo>·</mo>
<mo>·</mo>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<msub>
<mi>h</mi>
<mi>RT</mi>
</msub>
</mtd>
</mtr>
</mtable>
</mfenced>
<mo>,</mo>
</mrow>
</math> According to the channelAnd (3) calculating the Hermite matrix A with smaller dimension by the matrix H, and specifically comprising the following steps:
judging whether R is less than T, if R is less than T, A2×2＝HR×T×HR×T H
Otherwise, A2×2＝HR×T H×HR×T
HR×T×HR×T HAnd HR×T H×HR×TWith the same rank.
This (·)HDenotes the conjugate transpose of the matrix (·), min (R, T) ═ 2.
Let matrix A2×2The material is composed of the following elements:
step 2:
a quadratic system of unary equations is constructed according to | λ I-a | ═ 0, where I is a 2 × 2 unit matrix, and the system specifically includes:
Wherein b ═ r11+r22)，c＝(r11r22-r12r21)。
And step 3: when the rank is determined, since the signal is inevitably affected by noise, the case where some (several) eigenvalues are exactly 0 does not occur, and therefore, in order to more effectively determine the rank of the matrix H, the rank is often determined using a condition number, and the specific determination steps are as follows:
judgment of
Whether greater than Δ, if <math>
<mrow>
<mo>|</mo>
<mfrac>
<msup>
<mi>b</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mi>c</mi>
</mfrac>
<mo>|</mo>
<mo>></mo>
<mi>Δ</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
</mrow>
</math> The rank of matrix a is 1, i.e. the rank of channel matrix H is 1,
otherwise, the rank of the matrix a is 2, i.e. the rank of the channel matrix H is 2.
Where Δ is the condition number threshold of the a matrix. A higher condition number indicates a more unstable matrix, i.e. closer to a singular matrix, and for a 2 x 2 matrix a higher condition number means a rank closer to 1. The threshold should therefore be a relatively large value.
The present invention also provides a device for measuring a channel matrix rank, and referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the device for measuring a channel matrix rank of the present invention, including:
the Hermite matrix generation module is used for generating a Hermite matrix A according to the channel matrix H;
the system comprises an equation generation module, a real-time computation module and a real-time computation module, wherein the equation generation module is used for constructing an equation set with eigenvalues of non-negative real numbers by using a Hermite matrix A;
and the matrix rank judgment module is used for judging the rank of the channel matrix H according to the coefficients of the equation set so that the base station determines the number of data streams sent to the terminal according to the rank.
The specific implementation method of each module corresponds to steps 1 to 3 above, and is not described herein again.
In summary, the invention utilizes the channel matrix to generate a new matrix with a characteristic root of non-negative real number, constructs a quadratic equation according to the generated new matrix, and then determines the rank of the channel matrix according to the coefficient of the equation. Because the invention only needs to construct an equation and does not need to solve the equation, the invention has very small computation amount, avoids complex operations such as root opening and the like, can obtain the rank of the matrix only by multiplying and adding for several times, and improves the speed and the accuracy of the operation. The invention is suitable for the terminal of the wireless communication system with three configurations of four-sending and two-receiving, two-sending and four-receiving and two-sending and two-receiving, and has wider application range.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A channel matrix rank measurement method is applied to a wireless communication system terminal, and an antenna of the wireless communication system is configured as follows: the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
generating a Hermite matrix A according to the channel matrix H;
constructing an equation set with eigenvalues of nonnegative real numbers by using the Hermite matrix A;
judging the rank of the channel matrix H according to the coefficients of the equation set so that the base station determines the number of data streams sent to the terminal according to the rank;
the step of generating the hermitian matrix a according to the channel matrix H specifically comprises:
a hermitian matrix a of smaller dimension is calculated from the channel matrix H,
that is, it is determined whether R is less than T, and if R < T, A2×2＝HR×T×HR×T H；
Otherwise, A2×2＝HR×T H×HR×T；
Wherein,
r is the number of receiving antennas;
t is the number of the transmitting antennas;
the step of constructing an equation set with eigenvalues of non-negative real numbers by using the hermitian matrix a specifically includes:
a quadratic equation of unity is constructed using λ I-a | ═ 0, where I is a 2 × 2 unit matrix, assuming a2×2Comprises the following steps:
then | λ I-a | ═ 0 is specifically:
i.e. the quadratic equation of one unit is lambda2+bλ+c＝0，
Wherein, b ═ r11+r22)，c＝(r11r22-r12r21)；
The step of judging the rank of the channel matrix H according to the coefficients of the equation set specifically includes:
judgment ofWhether greater than Δ, ifThe rank of the matrix a is 1, that is, the rank of the channel matrix H is 1;
otherwise, the rank of the matrix a is 2, that is, the rank of the channel matrix H is 2;
where Δ is the condition number threshold of the matrix A.
2. A channel matrix rank measurement device is applied to a wireless communication system terminal, and an antenna of the wireless communication system is configured as follows: two-transmission two-reception or two-transmission four-reception or four-transmission two-reception, characterized in that the measuring device comprises:
the Hermite matrix generation module is used for generating a Hermite matrix A according to the channel matrix H;
the equation generation module is used for generating an equation set with eigenvalues of non-negative real numbers by utilizing the Hermite matrix A;
a matrix rank judgment module, configured to judge a rank of a channel matrix H according to the coefficients of the equation set, so that a base station determines, according to the rank, the number of data streams sent to the terminal;
the hermitian matrix generation module is specifically configured to:
a hermitian matrix a of smaller dimension is calculated from the channel matrix H,
that is, it is determined whether R is less than T, and if R < T, A2×2＝HR×T×HR×T H；
Otherwise, A2×2＝HR×T H×HT×T；
Wherein,
r is the number of receiving antennas;
t is the number of the transmitting antennas;
the equation generation module has a processor for:
a quadratic equation of unity is constructed using λ I-a | ═ 0, where I is a 2 × 2 unit matrix, assuming a2×2Comprises the following steps:
then | λ I-a | ═ 0 is specifically:
i.e. the quadratic equation of one unit is lambda2+bλ+c＝0，
Wherein, b ═ r11+r22)，c＝(r11r22-r12r21)；
The matrix rank determination module is specifically configured to:
judgment of
Whether greater than Δ, ifThe rank of the matrix a is 1, that is, the rank of the channel matrix H is 1;
otherwise, the rank of the matrix a is 2, that is, the rank of the channel matrix H is 2;
where Δ is the condition number threshold of the matrix A.
3. A wireless communication system terminal, comprising: measuring device for channel matrix rank, characterized in that the measuring device is applied to a terminal of a wireless communication system, and an antenna of the wireless communication system is configured to: two-transmission two-reception or two-transmission four-reception or four-transmission two-reception, the measuring device includes:
the Hermite matrix generation module is used for generating a Hermite matrix A according to the channel matrix H;
the equation generation module is used for generating an equation set with eigenvalues of non-negative real numbers by utilizing the Hermite matrix A;
a matrix rank judgment module, configured to judge a rank of a channel matrix H according to the coefficients of the equation set, so that a base station determines, according to the rank, the number of data streams sent to the terminal;
the hermitian matrix generation module is specifically configured to:
a hermitian matrix a of smaller dimension is calculated from the channel matrix H,
that is, it is determined whether R is less than T, and if R < T, A2×2＝HR×T×HR×T H；
Otherwise, A2×2＝HR×T H×HR×T；
Wherein,
r is the number of receiving antennas;
t is the number of the transmitting antennas;
the equation generation module has a processor for:
a quadratic equation of unity is constructed using λ I-a | ═ 0, where I is a 2 × 2 unit matrix, assuming a2×2Comprises the following steps:
then | λ I-a | ═ 0 is specifically:
i.e. the quadratic equation of one unit is lambda2+bλ+c＝0，
Wherein, b ═ r11+r22)，c＝(r11r22-r12r21)；
The matrix rank determination module is specifically configured to:
judgment ofWhether greater than Δ, if
The rank of the matrix a is 1, that is, the rank of the channel matrix H is 1;
otherwise, the rank of the matrix a is 2, that is, the rank of the channel matrix H is 2;
where Δ is the condition number threshold of the matrix A.
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| CN1832387A (en) * | 2005-03-10 | 2006-09-13 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Multi-input, multi-output detection method and device in multi-input, multi-output radio communication system |
| CN101174924A (en) * | 2006-11-01 | 2008-05-07 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Method and system for measuring space channel order |
| CN101467408A (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2009-06-24 | 艾利森电话股份有限公司 | Method for channel quality measurement of multiaerial system |
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| CN1832387A (en) * | 2005-03-10 | 2006-09-13 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Multi-input, multi-output detection method and device in multi-input, multi-output radio communication system |
| CN101467408A (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2009-06-24 | 艾利森电话股份有限公司 | Method for channel quality measurement of multiaerial system |
| CN101174924A (en) * | 2006-11-01 | 2008-05-07 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Method and system for measuring space channel order |
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