CN101613812B - Slag for removing silicon element in aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Slag for removing silicon element in aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN101613812B CN101613812B CN2009100552152A CN200910055215A CN101613812B CN 101613812 B CN101613812 B CN 101613812B CN 2009100552152 A CN2009100552152 A CN 2009100552152A CN 200910055215 A CN200910055215 A CN 200910055215A CN 101613812 B CN101613812 B CN 101613812B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a slag for removing silicon element in an aluminum alloy, belonging to the technical field of the metal material. The slag is one of the following composites by weight percent: 5-30% of MgF2 + 30-40% of KCl + 30-60% of MgCl2, 5-30% of MgF2 + 30-40% of KCl + 30-60% of NaCl, 100% of Na3AlF6, 10-30% of Na3AlF6 + 30-40% of KCl + 30-60% of NaCl, 10-30% of Na3AlF6 + 30-40%of KCl + 30-60% of MgCl2, 5-30% of CaF2 + 30-40%of KCl + 30-60% of CaCl2, and 5-30% of CaF2 + 30-40% of KCl + 30-60% of NaCl. By adopting the slag of the invention, impurity silicon with medium-low concentration in the aluminum alloy can be effectively removed and new impurities can not be introduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of slag charge of removal impurity of metallic substance technical field, specifically is a kind of slag charge that is used for removing the aluminium alloy element silicon.
Background technology
Because therefore series of advantages such as aluminium alloy has that density is little, specific tenacity is high, solidity to corrosion and good moldability, cost are low are widely used in industries such as communications and transportation, electronics, bridge, decoration, the purposes consumption occupies the hat of nonferrous materials.And the continuous expansion of using along with aluminium alloy is more and more higher to the requirement of its purity.Silicon is main impurity element in most of wrought aluminium alloies, mainly introduce by the starting material (primary aluminum etc.) of preparation wrought aluminium alloy, in addition, in the aluminium alloy smelting process with the pollution that also can cause silicon that contacts of refractory materials.And these are incorporated into element silicon normal and impurity iron element and the generation of other alloying elements AlFeMnSi, Mg in the wrought aluminium alloy system
2Si and (Fe
2Cr)
3SiAl
12Wait some hard crisp phases.These have the hard crisp phase of different Young's modulus, the coefficient of expansion with α-Al, and brittle failure often takes place under stressed situation, become the material crack source, significantly reduce plasticity, deformability, fatigue lifetime and the fracture toughness property of fabricated product.At present, industrially mainly come higher refined aluminium of production purity and rafifinal,, also can remove other most of trace elements simultaneously, and production efficiency is low, the cost height though this method can be removed the silicon in the primary aluminum by segregation method or three-layer liquid method.
The prior art document is retrieved discovery:
Japan scholar Nagao, M etc. have delivered " Removal of impurity silicon from moltenaluminum alloy with compound method " (Journal of Japan Institute of LightMetals (Japan) .Vol.46, no.11, pp.588~591.Nov.1996), done following elaboration in the literary composition: add 3% Ca element in 5% and 10% the molten aluminium and can form Ca by being respectively at silicon concentration
2Si and CaSi
2Al
2Compound filters the removal silicon-containing compound and can reach the purification purpose, removes efficient and probably can reach about 50%.But this method only is applicable to the molten aluminium that original silicon concentration is very high, is lower than the molten aluminium of 1wt% for original silicon concentration, adds the Ca element and is difficult to form siliceous compound;
(open day: 2007.12.12) disclose the removal method of impurity elemental silicon in a kind of aluminium alloy, this method is specially: by add titaniferous materials in aluminium alloy melt, reaction generated Ti (Al to Chinese invention patent application open file CN101086042A
1-xSi
x)
3Or titanium-silicon compound catches the element silicon in the solid solution aluminium alloy melt, removes the Silicon-rich compound by purification process then, reaches the purpose of removing impurity elemental silicon.This method can effectively be removed impurity element silicon in the molten aluminium, but because there is certain solubility in the Ti element in molten aluminium, therefore can introduce the Ti element in the melt after purifying treatment, the interior alloying constituent that changes.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of slag charge that is used for removing the aluminium alloy element silicon is provided.Utilize slag charge of the present invention to carry out electroslag refining, can effectively remove low-consistency impurity silicon out of aluminium alloys, and can not cause the variation of alloying element content or bring other detrimental impurity.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions,
Slag charge of the present invention is a kind of in the following composition:
5~30%MgF
2+30~40%KCl+30~60%MgCl
2,
5~30%MgF
2+30~40%KCl+30~60%NaCl,
100%Na
3AlF
6,
10~30%Na
3AlF
6+30~40%KCl+30~60%NaCl,
10~30%Na
3AlF
6+30~40%KCl+30~60%MgCl
2,
5~30%CaF
2+30~40%KCl+30~60%CaCl
2,
With 5~30%CaF
2+ 30~40%KCl+30~60%NaCl;
Percentage ratio in the described composition is weight percentage.
The present invention pours into the consumable electrode rod with aluminium alloy, and the weight of described slag charge is 5~15% of consumable electrode rod weight.The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add a kind of in the described slag charge, carry out esr; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy.
Utilize method of the present invention, after aluminium alloy (consumable electrode) fusing, impurity element silicon in the molten aluminium and the flux generation physical-chemical reaction in the electroslag liquid generate SiF
4Gas overflows, thereby reaches the purpose of impurity element silicon in the purifying aluminum alloy.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect: the present invention carries out esr by adopting suitable slag system that Si content is lower than the 1wt% aluminium alloy, can make the silicone content in the aluminium alloy reduce by 30%~50%, realize effective removal of element silicon in the molten aluminium, used electroslag wide material sources, cheap, whole scavenging process operating procedure is easy, can not bring other detrimental impurity elements, also can not cause the variation of alloying element content.
Embodiment
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated: present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.Unless stated otherwise, the percentage ratio in following examples is weight percentage.
Embodiment 1
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 70mm, 12 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is carbon dioxide process carbon electrode 15g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 40V, and electric current is 300~400A; During the remelting consumable electrode, feed argon gas in crystallizer, current control is at 300A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is Na
3AlF
6, add-on is 15% of a consumable electrode weight, is 1.8 kilograms.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.17% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.33%.
Embodiment 2
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 62mm, 11 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is carbon dioxide process carbon electrode 12g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 40V, and electric current is 500~550A; During the remelting consumable electrode, feed argon gas in crystallizer, current control is at 1000A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 30%MgF
2+ 30%KCl+40%MgCl
2, add-on is 5% of a consumable electrode weight, is 0.55 kilogram.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.12% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.20%.
Embodiment 3
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 60mm, 10 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is carbon dioxide process carbon electrode 12g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 45V, and electric current is 500~600A; During the remelting consumable electrode, feed argon gas in crystallizer, current control is at 600A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 30%MgF
2+ 40%KCl+30%MgCl
2, add-on is 5% of a consumable electrode weight, is 0.5 kilogram.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.11% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.22%.
Embodiment 4
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 60mm, 10 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is carbon dioxide process carbon electrode 10g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 45V, and electric current is 500~600A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 5%MgF
2+ 35%KCl+60%MgCl
2, add-on is 8% of a consumable electrode weight, is 0.8 kilogram.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.10% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.17%.
Embodiment 5
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 40mm, 8 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is CaF
2With TiO
2Mixture, proportioning is 1: 1, altogether 10g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 65V, and electric current is 700~800A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 30%MgF
2+ 40%KCl+30%NaCl, add-on is 10% of a consumable electrode weight, is 0.8 kilogram.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.16% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.28%.
Embodiment 6
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 45mm, 9 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is CaF
2With TiO
2Mixture, proportioning is 1: 1, altogether 9g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 60V, and electric current is 600~750A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 10%MgF
2+ 30%KCl+60%NaCl, add-on is 9% of a consumable electrode weight, is 0.81 kilogram.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.13% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.25%.
Embodiment 7
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 50mm, 11 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is CaF
2With TiO
2Mixture, proportioning is 1: 1, altogether 12g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 60V, and electric current is 700~800A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 5%MgF
2+ 40%KCl+55%NaCl, add-on is 10% of a consumable electrode weight, is 1.1 kilograms.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.09% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.17%.
Embodiment 8
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 65mm, 20 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is CaF
2With TiO
2Mixture, proportioning is 1: 1.5, altogether 20g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 40V, and electric current is 950~1000A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 10%Na
3AlF
6+ 30%KCl+60%NaCl, add-on is 10% of a consumable electrode weight, is 2 kilograms.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.08% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.15%.
Embodiment 9
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 60mm, 12 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is CaF
2With TiO
2Mixture, proportioning is 1: 1.5, altogether 11g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 45V, and electric current is 600~700A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 25%Na
3AlF
6+ 30%KCl+45%NaCl, add-on is 10% of a consumable electrode weight, is 1.2 kilograms.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.13% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.26%.
Embodiment 10
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 60mm, 16 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is CaF
2With TiO
2Mixture, proportioning is 1: 1.5, altogether 12g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 40V, and electric current is 800~900A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and the electroslag slag charge of selecting for use is 30%Na
3AlF
6+ 40%KCl+30%NaCl, add-on is 10% of a consumable electrode weight, is 1.6 kilograms.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.07% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.13%.
Embodiment 11
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 70mm, 15 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is CaF
2With TiO
2Mixture, proportioning is 1: 2, altogether 18g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 50V, and electric current is 500~600A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 30%Na
3AlF
6+ 40%KCl+30%MgCl
2, add-on is 8% of a consumable electrode weight, is 1.2 kilograms.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.52% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.80%.
Embodiment 12
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 70mm, 20 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is CaF
2With TiO
2Mixture, proportioning is 1: 2, altogether 12g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 60V, and electric current is 700~800A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 10%Na
3AlF
6+ 30%KCl+60%MgCl
2, add-on is 8% of a consumable electrode weight, is 1.6 kilograms.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.34% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.51%.
Embodiment 13
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 60mm, 12 kilograms of weight;
The striking agent is CaF
2With TiO
2Mixture, proportioning is 1: 2, altogether 10g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 65V, and electric current is 500~600A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 20%Na
3AlF
6+ 40%KCl+40%MgCl
2, add-on is 8% of a consumable electrode weight, is 0.96 kilogram.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.05% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.11%.
Embodiment 14
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 70mm, 13 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is CaF
2With TiO
2Mixture, proportioning is 1: 2, altogether 15g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 45V, and electric current is 400~500A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 30%CaF
2+ 40%KCl+30%CaCl
2, add-on is 10% of a consumable electrode weight, is 1.3 kilograms.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.31% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.52%.
Embodiment 15
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 50mm, 15 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is CaF
2With TiO
2Mixture, proportioning is 1: 2, altogether 12g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 45V, and electric current is 500~600A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 5%CaF
2+ 35%KCl+60%CaCl
2, add-on is 10% of a consumable electrode weight, is 1.5 kilograms.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.18% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.34%.
Embodiment 16
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 55mm, 16 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is CaF
2With TiO
2Mixture, proportioning is 1: 2, altogether 15g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 60V, and electric current is 700~800A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 20%CaF
2+ 30%KCl+50%CaCl
2, add-on is 8% of a consumable electrode weight, is 1.3 kilograms.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.12% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.22%.
Embodiment 17
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 64mm, 12 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is a carbon dioxide process carbon electrode, altogether 13g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 50V, and electric current is 500~600A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 30%CaF
2+ 40%KCl+30%NaCl, add-on is 8% of a consumable electrode weight, is 0.96 kilogram.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.13% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.24%.
Embodiment 18
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 60mm, 15 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is a carbon dioxide process carbon electrode, altogether 10g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 60V, and electric current is 600~700A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 5%CaF
2+ 35%KCl+60%NaCl, add-on is 10% of a consumable electrode weight, is 1.5 kilograms.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.09% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.14%.
Embodiment 19
Aluminium alloy is poured into the consumable electrode rod, and aluminum alloy anode is of a size of Φ 50mm, 12 kilograms of weight; The striking agent is a carbon dioxide process carbon electrode, altogether 14g; The crystallizer internal diameter size is 100mm; The consumable electrode rod is put into electroslag furnace, add slag charge, carry out esr, voltage is 50V, and electric current is 600~700A; After melting is finished, cut off the electricity supply, cooling obtains aluminium alloy, and selected electroslag slag charge is 20%CaF
2+ 30%KCl+50%NaCl, add-on is 9% of a consumable electrode weight, is 1.1 kilograms.
In this example, silicon content is reduced to 0.13% behind the alloy refining of silicon content 0.23%.
Claims (1)
1. a slag charge that is used for removing the aluminium alloy element silicon is characterized in that, described slag charge is a kind of in the following composition:
5~30%MgF
2+30~40%KCl+30~60%MgCl
2,
5~30%MgF
2+30~40%KCl+30~60%NaCl,
10~30%Na
3AlF
6+30~40%KCl+30~60%NaCl,
10~30%Na
3AlF
6+30~40%KCl+30~60%MgCl
2,
5~30%CaF
2+30~40%KCl+30~60%CaCl
2,
With 5~30%CaF
2+ 30~40%KCl+30~60%NaCl;
Described aluminium alloy is meant: Si content is lower than the 1wt% aluminium alloy;
Percentage ratio in the described composition is weight percentage.
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