CN101608862A - A kind of double-chamber differential pressure type microwave vacuum freeze drying equipment - Google Patents
A kind of double-chamber differential pressure type microwave vacuum freeze drying equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN101608862A CN101608862A CNA2009101817201A CN200910181720A CN101608862A CN 101608862 A CN101608862 A CN 101608862A CN A2009101817201 A CNA2009101817201 A CN A2009101817201A CN 200910181720 A CN200910181720 A CN 200910181720A CN 101608862 A CN101608862 A CN 101608862A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of double-chamber differential pressure type microwave vacuum freeze drying equipment, belong to the food and medicine field of mechanical technique.This equipment mainly is made up of the cold-trap of warehouse that microwave magnetron is housed and capture steam; Settle the material bogey in the described warehouse; Described warehouse is separated into first bin and second bin by the transmission cutoff board; Described magnetron is positioned at first bin, and the relative vacuum degree of described first bin is less than the discharge critical value; Described material bogey is arranged in second bin, and described second bin links by shielding overcurrent plate and cold-trap.After adopting the present invention, both can keep enough microwave generation power and desirable vacuum, thereby guarantee required rate of drying, owing to suppressed one of boundary condition of discharge respectively at first and second bins, therefore can avoid the generation of electric discharge phenomena again.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of freeze drying equipment, especially a kind of double-chamber differential pressure type microwave vacuum freeze drying equipment belongs to the food and medicine field of mechanical technique.
Background technology
Vacuum freeze drying is earlier wet stock to be frozen into it below eutectic temperature, make moisture wherein become solid-state ice, under appropriate vacuum, ice is directly distilled be water vapour then, again with water vessel with the water vapour condensation, thereby obtain the technology of dried product.
Freeze drying has been widely used in the preservation of food, medicine and biological products, but existing freeze drying equipment adopts conventional mode of heatings such as electricity, steam usually, is difficult to overcome shortcomings such as speed is low, the time is long, energy consumption is big, has therefore restricted its further development.
The microwave vacuum freeze drying can overcome above shortcoming, because microwave is three-dimensional heating, energy enters material inside with form of electromagnetic wave and heats, thereby improves rate of drying.Retrieval finds, application number is that 03249124.7,200520079220.4,200520136546.6 Chinese utility model patent discloses similar therewith microwave vacuum (freezing) drying equipment respectively, and each tool advantage.But facts have proved that there are problems such as discharge in the course of the work in present microwave vacuum freeze-drying device, is difficult to basic solution, the result not only influences the freeze-drying prods quality, loss power, and also possible damage equipment, thereby become technical barrier.
Studies show that the generation of discharge is adopted to reduce the generation that parameter control modes such as microwave power, gas clean-up prevent electric discharge phenomena in the freeze-drying storehouse whether by the size decision of electric-field intensity and vacuum usually.But when reducing microwave power, gas clean-up, the also corresponding rate of drying that reduced.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: the problem that exists at above-mentioned prior art by architecture advances, proposes a kind of rate of drying height and can thoroughly avoid the double-chamber differential pressure type microwave vacuum freeze drying equipment of electric discharge phenomena.
In order to reach above purpose, double-chamber differential pressure type microwave vacuum freeze drying equipment of the present invention mainly is made up of the cold-trap of warehouse that microwave magnetron is housed and capture steam; Settle the material bogey in the described warehouse; Its improvements are: described warehouse is separated into first bin and second bin by the transmission cutoff board; Described magnetron is positioned at first bin, and the vacuum of described first bin is less than the discharge critical value; Described material bogey is arranged in second bin, and described second bin links by shielding overcurrent plate and cold-trap.
The sign of above-mentioned vacuum has two kinds of methods usually: the one, and with " absolute pressure ", " absolute vacuum degree " (promptly than " theoretical vacuum " high how much pressure) sign.In actual conditions, the absolute pressure value of vavuum pump is between 0～101.325KPa.Absolute pressure value need be used the absolute pressure instrument measurement, and in 20 ℃, the place of height above sea level=0, the initial value that is used for the instrument (absolute vacuum table) of measurement of vacuum is 101.325KPa (i.e. standard atmospheric pressure).The 2nd, identify with " relative pressure ", " relative vacuum degree " (promptly than " atmospheric pressure " low how much pressure)." relative vacuum degree " is meant the pressure and the atmospheric difference in measurement place of measurand.Measure with the conventional vacuum table.Under not having the state of vacuum (when being normal pressure), the initial value of table is 0.When measuring vacuum, its value is between 0 to-101.325KPa (generally using negative number representation).The two conversion method is as follows in theory: the air pressure in relative vacuum degree=absolute vacuum degree (absolute pressure)-measurement place.General " vacuum " of international vacuum industry also is science, is to identify with absolute pressure.
The simplest disposal of above-mentioned first bin is to be in normal pressure, and promptly the relative vacuum degree is zero.
Above-mentioned transmission cutoff board can adopt the various nonmetallic materials that can see through microwave to make, and for example plastic plate, bakelite plate etc. preferably adopt polytetrafluoroethylene plastic plate.
Above-mentioned shielding overcurrent plate can adopt various metallic plates with sieve shape through hole to make, and for example steel plate, copper coin etc. preferably adopt corrosion resistant plate to make.
Theory and practice can prove, the decision microwave causes that two big factors of discharge are a certain amount of electric-field intensity and vacuum, promptly have only when electric-field intensity and vacuum all above critical value, just electric discharge phenomena might take place.For particular space, the critical value of above-mentioned electric-field intensity and vacuum, can be by experiment or theoretical calculating determine that for example the critical value of absolute vacuum degree is generally and is lower than 3000Pa.After adopting the present invention, first bin that magnetron directly is installed constitutes microwave cavity, even have higher field intensity, owing to do not have the relative vacuum degree, or only have lower relative vacuum degree, therefore can not produce electric discharge phenomena; Though and second bin has required higher relative vacuum degree, but owing to wherein place the material to be dried that absorbs microwave, microwave is treated that promptly dry material absorbs after injecting second storehouse by the transmission cutoff board, and its field intensity decays to rapidly below the critical value, has therefore also avoided the generation of discharge.The result makes equipment of the present invention both can remain drying enough microwave generation power and desirable vacuum is provided, thereby guarantee required rate of drying, owing to suppressed one of boundary condition of discharge respectively at first and second bins, therefore can fundamentally avoid the generation of electric discharge phenomena again.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the side view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the shielding overcurrent plate structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one
The double-chamber differential pressure type microwave vacuum freeze drying equipment of present embodiment as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the rectangle warehouse on top by the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material transmission cutoff board 3 of horizontal setting be separated into the first last bin 2 and under second bin 15.The side direction of first bin 2 is provided with towards the microwave feedthrough that tilts, and this device is made of the magnetron 1 towards microwave feed-in mouth 4 that tilts and termination arrangement thereof.Thereby can by reflection, make first bin 2 become desirable resonator to the top-emission microwave of first bin 2.Be in first bin 2 normal pressure (studies show that as long as its absolute vacuum degree is less than discharge critical value 3000Pa).
Material bogey in the present embodiment is the material pallet 14 that is supported on two side rails 12, is arranged in second bin 15, near transmission cutoff board one side, piles the material 16 that is dried during work on the pallet.Second bin 15 is adjacent with the cold-trap 9 of bottom by shielding overcurrent plate 13, settle the coil pipe 10 that is communicated with refrigeration system 5 in this cold-trap 9, and be communicated with vacuum extractor 11 by pipeline, this vacuum extractor 11 is made of the lobe pump and the sliding vane rotary pump of series connection, therefore make the cold-trap 9 and second bin 15 have the relative vacuum degree far above first bin, the absolute vacuum degree is lower than 300Pa.
The structure of shielding overcurrent plate 13 adopts the stainless steel with sieve shape through hole to make as shown in Figure 3.In addition, among Fig. 1, the 6th, flange, the 7th, end cap, the 8th, sealing ring.
During work, at first the material in the pallet is put into freezer and freeze, after treating to freeze fully, the pallet that material is housed is moved on in second bin, start refrigeration system, open sliding vane rotary pump simultaneously, second bin and cold-trap are vacuumized, when vacuum reaches certain value, open lobe pump, this moment, sliding vane rotary pump and lobe pump were worked simultaneously, and the pressure in second bin and the cold-trap is reduced to below the 300Pa, restarted microwave system.At this moment, first bin is in atmospheric pressure state, and second bin is in freeze-drying operating pressure state (the absolute vacuum degree is below 300Pa).Having certain thickness polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) transmission cutoff board can the transmission microwave and can bearing certain pressure, makes two bins form microwave cavity.Microwave is not subjected to the influence of transmission cutoff board in warehouse, after the resonator wall repeatedly reflects, form microwave field relatively uniformly, add thermal effect simultaneously inside and outside the material that is dried is produced, make the direct distillation of ice be water vapour, enter cold-trap through shielding overcurrent plate, by cold-trap coil pipe condensing trapping.The incoagulable gas that discharges in the material is extracted by pumped vacuum systems.
Adopt double-chamber differential pressure type dryness storehouse structure not only can effectively solve glow discharge problem in microwave feedback porch and the dryness storehouse, simultaneously material is heated evenly, improve drying quality.
What deserves to be mentioned is, in the microwave vacuum freeze dry run, the uniformity of heating using microwave also is a problem, be after microwave enters dryness storehouse from the feed-in mouth, to shine directly into the material surface, make near the material of microwave feed-in mouth dry earlier intact, and the material far away apart from microwave feed-in mouth also do not finished drying, finally cause material part overdrying even burnt, have a strong impact on quality, and also be extended drying time.At this problem, after present embodiment takes microwave to enter first bin from the feed-in mouth,, in second bin, form the multimode microwave field through the bulkhead reflection, make microwave field even relatively, thereby material is evenly heated.
Conclusion is got up, and present embodiment has following characteristics:
(1) the transmission cutoff board adopts certain thickness polyfluortetraethylene plate, can the transmission microwave and can bearing certain pressure, microwave cavity is divided into normal pressure and two bins of low pressure (300Pa is following), and microwave system is installed on the first bin sidewall, is placed in second bin by dry material;
(2) microwave feed-in mouth is located under the atmospheric pressure environment, makes microwave after waveguide transmission is come out, directly do not enter vacuum environment, but enter atmospheric pressure environment, can effectively solve the glow discharge technique difficult problem in the microwave vacuum freeze-drying device like this;
(3) between second bin and cold-trap, settle the shielding overcurrent plate of uniform certain diameter through hole, thereby directly enter cold-trap after making water vapour by shielding overcurrent plate, and can prevent effectively that microwave leakage from advancing cold-trap.
(4) the microwave system tilted configuration is at the resonator sidewall, microwave shines the first bin roof earlier, after repeatedly reflecting, change the pattern of microwave field, in second bin, form uniform multimode microwave field, can avoid shining directly into the problem that material produces after the microwave feed-in, help improving the freeze-drying quality.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments.All employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop on the protection domain of requirement of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a double-chamber differential pressure type microwave vacuum freeze drying equipment mainly is made up of the cold-trap of warehouse that microwave magnetron is housed and capture steam; Settle the material bogey in the described warehouse; It is characterized in that: described warehouse is separated into first bin and second bin by the transmission cutoff board; Described magnetron is positioned at first bin, and the vacuum of described first bin is less than the discharge critical value; Described material bogey is arranged in second bin, and described second bin links by shielding overcurrent plate and cold-trap.
2. double-chamber differential pressure type microwave vacuum freeze drying equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the side direction of described first bin is provided with towards the microwave feedthrough that tilts.
3. double-chamber differential pressure type microwave vacuum freeze drying equipment according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described transmission cutoff board is made by plastic plate.
4. double-chamber differential pressure type microwave vacuum freeze drying equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described shielding overcurrent plate is made by the metallic plate with sieve shape through hole.
5. double-chamber differential pressure type microwave vacuum freeze drying equipment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described material bogey is the material pallet that is supported on two side rails, is arranged in second bin, near transmission cutoff board one side.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2009101817201A CN101608862A (en) | 2009-07-16 | 2009-07-16 | A kind of double-chamber differential pressure type microwave vacuum freeze drying equipment |
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| CNA2009101817201A CN101608862A (en) | 2009-07-16 | 2009-07-16 | A kind of double-chamber differential pressure type microwave vacuum freeze drying equipment |
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| CN101608862A true CN101608862A (en) | 2009-12-23 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102072616A (en) * | 2011-02-15 | 2011-05-25 | 江苏南大光电材料股份有限公司 | Device for drying clean vessel |
| CN102200373A (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2011-09-28 | 中国农业机械化科学研究院 | Vacuum freeze-drying tester |
| CN102226635A (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2011-10-26 | 四川宏普微波科技有限公司 | Microwave continuous freeze-drying device |
| CN109186216A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2019-01-11 | 绍兴市质量技术监督检测院 | A kind of microwave rapid drying device of anti-leak |
| CN110455057A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-15 | 苏州先蚕丝绸生物科技有限公司 | A kind of fibroin vacuum freeze |
| CN111578648A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2020-08-25 | 江苏食品药品职业技术学院 | Microwave heating type vacuum freeze dryer with multiple oscillation modes |
-
2009
- 2009-07-16 CN CNA2009101817201A patent/CN101608862A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102200373A (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2011-09-28 | 中国农业机械化科学研究院 | Vacuum freeze-drying tester |
| CN102200373B (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2013-05-01 | 中国农业机械化科学研究院 | Vacuum freeze-drying tester |
| CN102072616A (en) * | 2011-02-15 | 2011-05-25 | 江苏南大光电材料股份有限公司 | Device for drying clean vessel |
| CN102226635A (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2011-10-26 | 四川宏普微波科技有限公司 | Microwave continuous freeze-drying device |
| WO2012167404A1 (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2012-12-13 | 四川宏普微波科技有限公司 | Continuous microwave freeze-drying device |
| US9568243B2 (en) | 2011-06-09 | 2017-02-14 | Sichuan Hope Microwave Science & Technology Co., Ltd. | Continuous microwave freeze-drying device |
| CN109186216A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2019-01-11 | 绍兴市质量技术监督检测院 | A kind of microwave rapid drying device of anti-leak |
| CN109186216B (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2023-08-22 | 绍兴市质量技术监督检测院 | Leak-proof microwave quick drying device |
| CN111578648A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2020-08-25 | 江苏食品药品职业技术学院 | Microwave heating type vacuum freeze dryer with multiple oscillation modes |
| CN110455057A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-15 | 苏州先蚕丝绸生物科技有限公司 | A kind of fibroin vacuum freeze |
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Application publication date: 20091223 |