CN101599660A - A kind of alternating current is changing method and system at random - Google Patents
A kind of alternating current is changing method and system at random Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of alternating current changing method and system at random, this system comprises: voltage detecting circuit; Current detection circuit; First switching circuit is used for conducting or turn-offs primary power cource; The second switch circuit is used for conducting or turn-offs stand-by power supply; Control circuit controls the conducting of first switching circuit and second switch circuit or cuts out, and sends pulse signal to PWM; PWM is used for the pulse signal according to the control circuit transmission, the duty ratio of modulation output; The APFC circuit is used to receive the duty ratio of PWM output, with the electric current of control output, thereby the linearity that realizes output current correct, guarantee APFC circuit output voltage and current phase synchronously.Switch by adopting at random, can discern power supply status automatically, adapt to all-environment power supply, shorten greatly switching time and fixing.By APFC is controlled, make the linear correction of electric current reach the switching at random of alternating current, solve and switch the spike interference that brings at random.Carry out power back-off simultaneously, realize the minimal losses of circuit power.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power-supply switching method and system, more particularly, relate to a kind of alternating current changing method and system at random.
Background technology
What existing interchange commutation circuit adopted is the voltage zero-cross handoff technique, there is long shortcoming of switching interval time, that is: when detecting main electric AC outage, logic controller provides a control signal and gives solid-state zero passage switch, have only when standby electric zero crossing and just realize switching, do not produce transient peak and disturb, depend on the phase difference of main electricity and standby electricity switching time.Existing alternating current zero crossing commutation circuit could realize when its switching must wait until voltage zero-cross switching, and has switching time uncertain (phase difference that depends on main electricity and power backup), switching time long (about 25ms), thus make circuit loss strengthen; Simultaneously, switching time, process also can be brought the High-frequency Interference of power supply, concentrated the power supply of circuit to bring to the high high speed of power requirement like this and seriously influenced.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, after main power supply switches at random surge current will appear at prior art, and the defective of transient peak interference, a kind of alternating current changing method and system at random are provided, to shorten power supply switching time, reduce circuit loss, correct electric current (preventing the appearance of surge current), and the High-frequency Interference that suppresses power supply in the handoff procedure.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: construct a kind of alternating current changing method at random, may further comprise the steps:
S1, when primary power cource is powered, detect the actual input voltage value V1 and the actual input current value I1 of this primary power cource;
If the absolute value of the difference of its corresponding load voltage value of the actual input voltage value V1 of S2 surpasses a predetermined ratio, and/or the absolute value of the difference of its corresponding load current value of actual input current value I1 surpasses a predetermined ratio (promptly, greater than 50%) time, turn-off working power, the conducting stand-by power supply;
S3, according to actual input voltage value V1 and actual input current value I1, calculate to switch back initial current value I2;
S4, according to initial current value I2, send different pulse signals to PWM, modulate the output of its duty ratio, with the absolute value of the current value of control APFC circuit output and the difference of initial current value I2 in a preset range, thereby realize the linearity correction of output current;
S5, according to a scheduled time, adjust the output current of APFC circuit, make the absolute value of difference that actual output current is worth its corresponding output-current rating value in a predetermined range, thereby guarantee APFC circuit output voltage and current phase synchronously; In this step, if the scheduled time is short, the variation slope of the output current of APFC circuit is just bigger, if the scheduled time is long, the variation slope of the output current of APFC circuit is just less, and promptly actual output current is adjusted to consistent with output-current rating by comparatively mild mode.
S6, end.
In this technical scheme, primary power cource has identical electric pressure and mains frequency with stand-by power supply, and wherein, mains frequency can be 50HZ or 60HZ, and electric pressure can be 220V, 230V, 240V, 120V, 110V or 115V.
At random in the changing method, described step S2 may further comprise the steps at alternating current of the present invention:
If the absolute value of the difference of its corresponding load voltage value of the actual input voltage value V1 of S21 surpasses a predetermined ratio, and/or the absolute value of the difference of its corresponding load current value of actual input current value I1 is when surpassing a predetermined ratio, according to sample frequency f, computing relay comparand n;
S22, according to postponing comparand n, detect n the input voltage and the current value of primary power cource;
If the absolute value of the difference of the detected n of S23 its corresponding load voltage value of input voltage value difference all surpasses a predetermined ratio, and/or detected n current value is when the absolute value of the difference of its corresponding load current value all surpasses a predetermined ratio respectively, enter step S24, otherwise, enter step S6;
S24, shutoff working power, the conducting stand-by power supply.
At random in the changing method, the scope of sample frequency f is that 4khz is to 100khz at alternating current of the present invention; The computing formula that postpones comparand n is: n=f0/2, wherein f0 is the numerical value of sample frequency f.
At random in the changing method, the computing formula of initial current value I2 is: I2=V1*I1/V, wherein V is the maximum of stand-by power supply rated voltage at alternating current of the present invention.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of alternating current switched system at random, comprising: voltage detecting circuit is used to detect the input voltage of power supply; Current detection circuit is used to detect the input current of power supply; First switching circuit is used for conducting or turn-offs primary power cource; The second switch circuit is used for conducting or turn-offs stand-by power supply; Control circuit is used to gather and handle the voltage and current signal that is sent by voltage detecting circuit and current detection circuit, controls the conducting of first switching circuit and second switch circuit or closes, and send pulse signal to PWM; PWM is used for the pulse signal according to the control circuit transmission, the duty ratio of modulation output; The APFC circuit is used to receive the duty ratio of PWM output, with the electric current of control output, thereby the linearity that realizes output current correct, guarantee APFC circuit output voltage and current phase synchronously.
At random in the switched system, first switching circuit and second switch circuit are solid-state relays at alternating current of the present invention.Preferably, solid-state relay is solid-state random switching.
Implement alternating current of the present invention changing method and system at random, have following beneficial effect: adopt voltage and current detecting, suppress the power supply High-frequency Interference, power supply status is discerned automatically, high speed signal is handled, realize at random switching, the power supply that conforms automatically suppresses to switch at random the spike that brings by the control to APFC simultaneously and disturbs, the appearance of control surge current, and the reduction power loss, make to exchange switching time less than 1ms, really reach high-precision interchange and switch.Switch by adopting at random, can discern power supply status automatically, adapt to all-environment power supply, shorten greatly switching time and fixing.By APFC is controlled, make the linear correction of electric current reach the switching at random of alternating current, solve and switch the spike interference that brings at random.Carry out power back-off simultaneously, realize the minimal losses of circuit power.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the alternating current of the present invention logic diagram of switched system one embodiment at random;
Fig. 2 is that schematic diagram is judged in control circuit power down shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that control circuit shown in Figure 1 calculates initial current value;
Fig. 4 is that main power supply shown in Figure 1 switches schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Alternating current of the present invention is changing method at random, may further comprise the steps: S1, when primary power cource is powered, detect the actual input voltage value V1 and the actual input current value I1 of this primary power cource; If the absolute value of the difference of its corresponding load voltage value of the actual input voltage value V1 of S2 surpasses a predetermined ratio (promptly greater than 50%), and/or the absolute value of the difference of its corresponding load current value of actual input current value I1 is when surpassing a predetermined ratio (promptly greater than 50%), turn-off working power, the conducting stand-by power supply; S3, according to actual input voltage value V1 and actual input current value I1, calculate to switch back initial current value I2, wherein, the computing formula of initial current value I2 is: I2=V1*I1/V, wherein V is the maximum of stand-by power supply rated voltage.S4, according to initial current value I2, send different pulse signals to PWM, modulate the output of its duty ratio, with the absolute value of the current value of control APFC circuit output and the difference of initial current value I2 in a preset range (5%), thereby realize the linearity correction of output current; S5, according to a scheduled time (0.1～10ms), adjust the output current of APFC circuit, make the absolute value of difference that actual output current is worth its corresponding output-current rating value in a predetermined range, thus guarantee APFC circuit output voltage and current phase synchronously; In this step, if the scheduled time is short, the variation slope of the output current of APFC circuit is just bigger, if the scheduled time is long, the variation slope of the output current of APFC circuit is just less, and promptly actual output current is adjusted to consistent with output-current rating by comparatively mild mode.S6, end.In this technical scheme, primary power cource has identical electric pressure and mains frequency with stand-by power supply, and wherein, mains frequency can be 50HZ or 60HZ, and electric pressure can be 220V, 230V, 240V, 120V, 110V or 115V.After primary power cource recovers normally, if stand-by power supply will be switched to primary power cource, its changing method, the method that switches to stand-by power supply with above-mentioned primary power cource is consistent.
In force, step S2 may further comprise the steps: if the absolute value of the difference of its corresponding load voltage value of the actual input voltage value V1 of S21 surpasses a predetermined ratio, and/or the absolute value of the difference of its corresponding load current value of actual input current value I1 is when surpassing a predetermined ratio, according to sample frequency f, computing relay comparand n, wherein, the scope of sample frequency f is that 4khz is to 100khz; The computing formula that postpones comparand n is: n=f
0/ 2, f wherein
0Numerical value for sample frequency f; S22, according to postponing comparand n, detect n the input voltage and the current value of primary power cource; If the absolute value of the difference of the detected n of S23 its corresponding load voltage value of input voltage value difference all surpasses a predetermined ratio, and/or detected n current value is when the absolute value of the difference of its corresponding load current value all surpasses a predetermined ratio respectively, enter step S24, otherwise, enter step S5; S24, shutoff working power, the conducting stand-by power supply.
As shown in Figure 1, according to above alternating current changing method at random, enforceable alternating current is switched system at random, comprising: voltage detecting circuit is used to detect the input voltage of power supply; Current detection circuit is used to detect the input current of power supply; First switching circuit is used for conducting or turn-offs primary power cource; The second switch circuit is used for conducting or turn-offs stand-by power supply; Control circuit is used to gather and handle the voltage and current signal that is sent by voltage detecting circuit and current detection circuit, controls the conducting of first switching circuit and second switch circuit or closes, and send pulse signal to PWM; PWM is used for the pulse signal according to the control circuit transmission, the duty ratio of modulation output; The APFC circuit is used to receive the duty ratio of PWM output, with the electric current of control output, thereby the linearity that realizes output current correct, guarantee APFC circuit output voltage and current phase synchronously.Wherein, control circuit comprises signal processing unit, arithmetic logic unit and microcontroller command unit.First switching circuit and second switch circuit are solid-state relays.Preferably, solid-state relay is selected solid-state random switching for use.Wherein, the APFC circuit can comprise inductance, switching tube and diode, an end of inductance respectively with the coupling of the output of first switching circuit and second switch circuit; Control end of switching tube is coupled to PWM; The negative electrode of diode is as the output of APFC circuit.
This alternating current concrete operation principle of switched system at random with process is: the power input of first and second switching circuit is connected with active and standby power supply respectively, and the power input that the power output end of first and second switching circuit all is connected to the APFC circuit connects, correct electric current by the APFC circuit, to reach the switching at random of alternating current.The signal processing unit of control circuit is connected with current detection circuit with voltage detecting circuit, to receive voltage detection signal and current detection signal, to judge whether power down of main power supply, voltage detecting circuit and current detection circuit are established 80～2k sampled point with the sample frequency of 4khz～100khz to all-wave of main power supply, will lead electricity and the specified electric current and voltage value of power backup 80～2k sampled point respectively and be stored in respectively in the memory as fiducial value.Point of every sampling all with memory in corresponding with it fiducial value compare (setting range), and output than the result to arithmetic logic unit.If a certain sampled point exceeds the fiducial value scope, then continuously 2～50 (decide with the sample frequency) sampled points in back are compared (time-delay is judged, suppresses to disturb), as if normally then be judged to interference not with comprehend, otherwise then be judged to power down.
As shown in Figure 2, after arithmetic logic unit receives the comparative result that signal processing unit is carried and come, anti-interference and power down to power supply judges that it judges that principle is: disturb because power generating facilities and power grids can be subjected to high-frequency impulse, prevent misoperation so must be able to identify whether to disturb.With the sample frequency is 4khz, sampled point be 80 for example, when detecting the n point value and exceed the fiducial value scope, not with comprehend, continue relatively next sampled point n+1 and n+2 point sampling, this moment, the sample detecting value was normal, so be considered as disturbing.The m point in like manner.Shown in the k point, this moment, the k point exceeded the fiducial value scope, continued k+1 and k+2 are detected, and had all exceeded the fiducial value scope.Be considered as power down.High more as sample frequency, then continuous sampling point is many more, and is then strong more to the High-frequency Interference judgement.Judge that the power down time is 3～50 sampling periods, the time is 0.1～1ms.
Because some industrial occasions power-supply fluctuation is bigger, or main electricity differs greatly with the power backup peak value, and supply frequency is different simultaneously.This moment, control circuit was discerned power supply status automatically.Shown in Fig. 3,4, during work according to specified initial set value, frequency and positive negative peak with practical frequency and positive negative peak and initial set value are the data of calculating, obtain the current value of each arbitrary sampled point of supply line: I2=V1*I1/V, wherein V is the maximum of stand-by power supply rated voltage. any the sampled point electric current in positive negative peak or the half cycle may be different, and is stable but gross power keeps.Realize regulating automatically set point parameter and automatic frequency of regulating sampling.Make it can adapt to the power supply of various voltages and different frequency automatically.
The output operation result is to the microcontroller command unit after arithmetic logic unit is carried out corresponding calculation process to the power supply signal comparative result that receives.The microcontroller command unit such as the main power source power down, or by power supply power-fail, outputs control signals to first and second switching circuit by the I/O end according to receiving operation result.Its control principle: when being judged to be main electric power down, the instantaneous control signal that provides of control circuit is turn-offed first switching circuit and conducting second switch circuit, to switch to stand-by power supply.Handle by logical operation simultaneously, send different pulse signals to PWM, output duty cycle with modulation (PWM), APFC is controlled, electric current is carried out linearity correct, guarantee the voltage and current Phase synchronization, suppress to switch at random the spike that brings and disturb, and carry out power back-off, at utmost reduce the loss of circuit.
Calculation criterion between the switch area: 1, the identical or error of the energy that provides of the electric energy that supply line provides before the power down and standby electricity is in controlled control range; 2, switch after, correct electric current in the time internal linear of setting and can reach with the voltage same-phase and change; 3, electric current and voltage between the switch area will keep same trend as far as possible; 4, the qualification of current maxima, value are min (the maximum safety value that the rated value of circuit devcie and algorithm are determined); 5, according to the voltage-phase difference between circuit, counting between transition zone is 1～2000 point, and the cycle span is 1/4 cycle (being applicable to various frequencies) to the maximum; 6, the current curve that is formed by connecting of each point is determined by algorithm, according to output power, and phase difference between circuit, switching is counted, frequency of supply and difference.
The present invention describes by several specific embodiments, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, without departing from the present invention, can also carry out various conversion and be equal to alternative the present invention.In addition, at particular condition or concrete condition, can make various modifications to the present invention, and not depart from the scope of the present invention.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to disclosed specific embodiment, and should comprise the whole execution modes that fall in the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of alternating current changing method at random is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
S1, when primary power cource is powered, detect the actual input voltage value V1 and the actual input current value I1 of this primary power cource;
If the absolute value of the difference of its corresponding load voltage value of the actual input voltage value V1 of S2 surpasses a predetermined ratio, and/or the absolute value of the difference of its corresponding load current value of actual input current value I1 is when surpassing a predetermined ratio, turn-off working power, the conducting stand-by power supply;
S3, according to actual input voltage value V1 and actual input current value I1, calculate to switch back initial current value I2;
S4, according to initial current value I2, send different pulse signals to PWM, modulate the output of its duty ratio, with the absolute value of the difference of the current value of control APFC circuit output and initial current value I2 in a preset range;
S5, according to a scheduled time, adjust the output current of APFC circuit, make the absolute value of difference that actual output current is worth its corresponding output-current rating value in a predetermined range, thereby guarantee APFC circuit output voltage and current phase synchronously;
S6, end.
2, alternating current according to claim 1 changing method at random is characterized in that described step S2 may further comprise the steps:
If the absolute value of the difference of its corresponding load voltage value of the actual input voltage value V1 of S21 surpasses a predetermined ratio, and/or the absolute value of the difference of its corresponding load current value of actual input current value I1 is when surpassing a predetermined ratio, according to sample frequency f, computing relay comparand n;
S22, according to postponing comparand n, detect n the input voltage and the current value of primary power cource;
If the absolute value of the difference of the detected n of S23 its corresponding load voltage value of input voltage value difference all surpasses a predetermined ratio, and/or detected n current value is when the absolute value of the difference of its corresponding load current value all surpasses a predetermined ratio respectively, enter step S24, otherwise, enter step S6;
S24, shutoff working power, the conducting stand-by power supply.
3, alternating current according to claim 2 changing method at random is characterized in that the scope of sample frequency f is that 4khz is to 100khz; The computing formula that postpones comparand n is: n=f
0/ 2, f wherein
0Numerical value for sample frequency f.
4, according to the arbitrary described alternating current of claim 1～3 changing method at random, it is characterized in that the computing formula of initial current value I2 is: I2=V1*I1/V, wherein V is the maximum of stand-by power supply rated voltage.
5, a kind of alternating current switched system at random is characterized in that, comprising:
Voltage detecting circuit is used to detect the input voltage of power supply;
Current detection circuit is used to detect the input current of power supply;
First switching circuit is used for conducting or turn-offs primary power cource;
The second switch circuit is used for conducting or turn-offs stand-by power supply;
Control circuit is used to gather and handle the voltage and current signal that is sent by voltage detecting circuit and current detection circuit, controls the conducting of first switching circuit and second switch circuit or closes, and send pulse signal to PWM;
PWM is used for the pulse signal according to the control circuit transmission, the duty ratio of modulation output;
The APFC circuit is used to receive the duty ratio of PWM output, with the electric current of control output, thereby the linearity that realizes output current correct, guarantee APFC circuit output voltage and current phase synchronously.
6, alternating current according to claim 5 switched system at random is characterized in that first switching circuit and second switch circuit are solid-state relays; Solid-state relay is solid-state random switching.
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