CN101596902B - 一种电动汽车发电机组的控制方法 - Google Patents

一种电动汽车发电机组的控制方法 Download PDF

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CN101596902B
CN101596902B CN200910158505XA CN200910158505A CN101596902B CN 101596902 B CN101596902 B CN 101596902B CN 200910158505X A CN200910158505X A CN 200910158505XA CN 200910158505 A CN200910158505 A CN 200910158505A CN 101596902 B CN101596902 B CN 101596902B
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陈松先
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Chery Automobile Co Ltd
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SAIC Chery Automobile Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
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    • B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
    • B60L2260/40—Control modes
    • B60L2260/50—Control modes by future state prediction
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种电动汽车发电机组控制方法，包括发电机组及控制器、驱动电机及控制器、动力电池及控制器、整车控制器以及行驶模式选择开关，车辆启动时，根据行程计划选择行驶模式，电池控制器检测当时电池的实际电量状态，整车控制器根据行驶模式选择开关信号控制车辆按照指定的模式运行，行驶过程中整车控制器根据电池电量状态值、车速信号来控制发电机组是否工作和是否要对驱动电机进行功率限制并给相应控制器发出控制信号。本发明以整车控制器为主体，通过检测各个子***参数信号来给发电机组控制器、驱动电机控制器等子***相应的控制信号，从而实现对发电机组的最优控制。

Description

一种电动汽车发电机组的控制方法
技术领域
本发明属于电动汽车领域，特别是涉及电动汽车发电机组的控制方法。
背景技术
随着电力电子、动力电池等关键技术的不断成熟，具有节能、环保等优势的混合动力电动汽车已经引起了各大汽车厂商和普通消费者的普遍关注，电动汽车已经成为了节能环保汽车的重要发展方向。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种混合动力电动汽车发电机控制方法，它能让驾驶员根据自己的行程计划灵活的选择储备动力***发电机组的工作模式，从而最大限度的发挥整车性能(最大程度的满足驾驶员的动力性和行驶里程要求)和经济性能(多用电少用油)尤其是能够合理充分的发挥发电机组作为储备动力源的作用。
本发明公开了一种电动汽车发电机组控制方法，包括发电机组及控制器、驱动电机及控制器、动力电池及控制器、整车控制器以及行驶模式选择开关，车辆启动时，根据行程计划选择行驶模式，电池控制器检测当时电池的实际电量状态，整车控制器根据行驶模式选择开关信号控制车辆按照指定的模式运行，行驶过程中整车控制器根据电池电量状态值、车速信号来控制发电机组是否工作和是否要对驱动电机进行功率限制并给相应控制器发出控制信号。
进一步，发电机组控制器根据车辆状态调节发电机组的实际输出功率并控制发电机组的发动机工作在最高效区域。
进一步，当预计行驶里程小于车载动力电池续驶里程时，采用短途行驶模式，当次全程都不启用作为储备动力源的所述发电机组。
进一步，当实际行驶里程大于预计行驶里程，且电池电量消耗到低于荷电状态低限阀值S2时，开启发动机组并使驱动电机进入功率限制模式。
进一步，当预计行驶里程大于车载动力电池续驶里程时，按下长途行驶模式选择开关，按照长途行驶模式行驶及控制发电机组。
进一步，在长途行驶模式下，开启发电机组补充电能，让电池电量尽可能的长时间维持在较高水平，大于荷电状态低限阀值S2。当电池电量消耗到低于S2时，驱动电机进入功率限制模式。
本发明以整车控制器为主体，通过检测各个子***参数信号来给发电机组控制器、驱动电机控制器等子***相应的控制信号，从而实现对发电机组的最优控制。
本发明提供的发电机组工作模式选择开关和两种行驶模式下的控制方法，控制简单、易于实现，能够合理充分的发挥发电机组作为储备动力源的作用，提高了整车驾驶性能，最大限度的延长了车辆的续驶里程。
附图说明
图1：电机控制策略流程图；
图2：短途行驶模式发电机组控制策略示意图；
图3：长途行驶模式发电机组控制策略示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图1-3对本发明进行具体描述。
电动汽车发电机组控制方法主要涉及到发电机组及控制器、驱动电机及控制器、动力电池及控制器、整车控制器、行驶模式选择开关等关键部件。车辆启动时，驾驶员根据行程计划选择行驶模式，电池控制器检测当时电池的实际电量状态，整车控制器根据行驶模式选择开关信号控制车辆按照指定的模式运行，行驶过程中整车控制器根据电池电量状态值、车速信号来控制发电机组是否工作和是否要对驱动电机进行功率限制并给相应控制器发出控制信号。发电机组控制器根据车辆状态调节发电机组的实际输出功率并控制发电机组的发动机工作在最高效区域。
本发明的主要功能和控制方法如下：
行驶模式选择功能：
车载动力电池一次行驶里程为D km，驾驶员根据行程计划预估计当日当次的总行驶里程L km，当L＜D时表明当次单独依靠动力电池储存的电能就可以满足当次的行驶要求，当次全程可能都不需要启用储备动力源--发电机组，从而判断此次应该按照图2所示的短途行驶模式行驶控制发电机组。
相反当次总行驶里程L＞D时，表明此次的行驶里程会比较长，需要在行驶途中动用发电机组发电补充电能，延长续驶里程。同时为了避免驱动***因电池电量低而进入功率限制行驶模式，影响整车行驶性能，需要发电机组一开始就要开启发电。所以此次要按长途行驶模式行驶控制发电机组。需要按下长途行驶模式选择开关。
短途行驶模式控制方法(结合图2)：
图2中，S1是电池荷电状态高限阀值；S2是电池的荷电状态低限阀值。在短途行驶模式下，车辆优先使用从电网获得的电能，正常情况下当次行驶在图1中0-t1阶段内就可以完成，整个行程发电机组都不用工作；特殊情况下实际行驶里程大于当初预估计值L，电池电量已经消耗到低于荷电状态低限阀值S2，此时就要求开启发动机并使驱动电机进入功率限制行驶模式，限制电机最大输出功率，此时发电机组的功率与整车消耗的需求功率平衡，电池电量处于保持阶段t1-t2，一直维持到目的地。t2-t5为停车、再次充电阶段。
长途行驶模式控制方法(结合图3)：
在这种模式下，要求及时开启发电机组补充电能，让电池电量尽可能的长时间维持在较高水平，大于荷电状态低限阀值S2，尽量避免驱动***进入功率限制模式，影响驾驶性能。此次行驶要求在0-t1阶段内完成。当电池电量已经消耗到了S2时，驱动***进入功率限制模式(限制电机最大输出功率)，此时发电机组的功率与整车消耗的需求功率平衡，电池电量处于保持阶段t1-t2，到达t2时刻表明此时燃油耗尽，必须停车充电或补充燃料。

Claims (5)

1.一种电动汽车发电机组控制方法，包括发电机组及其控制器、驱动电机及其控制器、动力电池及其控制器、整车控制器以及行驶模式选择开关，车辆启动时，根据行程计划选择行驶模式，动力电池的控制器检测当时电池的实际电量状态，整车控制器根据行驶模式选择开关信号控制车辆按照指定的模式运行，行驶过程中整车控制器根据电池电量状态值、车速信号来控制发电机组是否工作和是否要对驱动电机进行功率限制并给相应控制器发出控制信号，当预计行驶里程小于车载动力电池续驶里程时，采用短途行驶模式，当次全程都不启用作为储备动力源的所述发电机组；当预计行驶里程大于车载动力电池续驶里程时，按下长途行驶模式选择开关，开启发电机组补充电能，按照长途行驶模式行驶及控制发电机组；当实际行驶里程大于预计行驶里程，且电池电量消耗到低于电池的荷电状态低限阀值S2时，开启发电机组并使驱动电机进入功率限制模式。
2.根据权利要求1所述的控制方法，其特征在于：发电机组的控制器根据车辆状态调节发电机组的实际输出功率并控制发电机组的发动机工作在最高效区域。
3.根据权利要求1所述的控制方法，其特征在于：在长途行驶模式下，开启发电机组补充电能，让电池电量尽可能的长时间维持在较高水平，大于电池的荷电状态低限阀值S2。
4.根据权利要求3所述的控制方法，其特征在于：当电池电量消耗到低于荷电状态低限阀值S2时，驱动电机进入功率限制模式。
5.根据权利要求1或4所述的控制方法，其特征在于：所述功率限制模式为限制电机最大输出功率。
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