CN101592353B - Heat supply system and heat supply method - Google Patents
Heat supply system and heat supply method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101592353B CN101592353B CN2008101129940A CN200810112994A CN101592353B CN 101592353 B CN101592353 B CN 101592353B CN 2008101129940 A CN2008101129940 A CN 2008101129940A CN 200810112994 A CN200810112994 A CN 200810112994A CN 101592353 B CN101592353 B CN 101592353B
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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Abstract
The invention relates to a heat supply system and a heat supply method. The heat supply system comprises a compressor, a first throttling valve, a second throttling valve, a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, a fourth valve, a heat medium container, an upper heat exchanger, a middle heat exchanger and a lower heat exchanger; wherein the upper heat exchanger, the middle heat exchanger and the lower heat exchanger are arranged in the heat medium container from top to bottom; and the heat medium container is used for containing a heat medium, the middle lower part of the heat medium container is provided with a heat medium inlet, and the top and the bottom of the heat medium container are respectively provided with a heat medium outlet. The heat supply system can adopt tap water, heat discharged by a refrigeration air-conditioner and ambient air as heat sources to enable the energy of the tap water, the heat discharged by the refrigeration air-conditioner and the ambient air to be effectively utilized, and enable the heat supply coefficient of a vapor compression type heat pump cycle, i.e. the heat efficiency of the heat supply system to be obviously enhanced by combining the effective utilization of valley electric power. The heat supply system also has the characteristics of steady temperature of the provided heat medium or hot water and scaling resistance of a heat-transfer surface, thereby being more suitable for practical use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heating system and heat supply method of Thermal Power Engineering Field, particularly relate to a kind of heating system and heat supply method that comprises the vapor compression heat pump circulation.
Background technology
In the water system in city, normally the treated water that reaches standard in waterworks is delivered to water unit by water supply line, such as, biotope, water factory or water gardens unit or the like send to every family or other water terminals through the water service pipe network of above-mentioned unit.In above-mentioned water system, the temperature of running water of delivering to the water terminal is usually more than 10 degrees centigrade.With regard to general water, under most situation, the user is also insensitive to the temperature of running water, and for example in two seasons of summer in winter, the temperature of running water may differ 20 degrees centigrade, but this does not influence user's normal use.For example, flush the toilet water, landscape water, irrigating plant water in the family to not strict demand of water temperature.
In actual life, there is the infrastructure management company of a lot of lives residential area that special hot-water supply device can be set, so that satisfy that resident family heats, has a bath, does washing, washes the dishes etc. to the demand of hot water.Above-mentioned existing hot-water supply device generally adopts gas fired-boiler, by gas-firing or coal (but because the coal damage ratio is more serious, most city has implemented that coal changes gas or coal changes) add hot tap-water, offer the terminal use by hot water supply pipe network then.But, existing gas fired-boiler technology, its thermal efficiency has only about 80% usually.At electric heater and the gas heater that family adopted, its defective part is that its energy efficiency is lower, and in addition, the hot water that provides from these water heaters all has higher temperature, need in use to allocate, cause the scald of hot water the people if allocate bad meeting with cold water.And the water in the process of allotment all is discharged, and causes waste.Also have,, very easily cause the fouling of heat-transfer surface because the temperature of the heat-transfer surface of burner or electric heater and running water is higher.
Existing vapor compression heat pump circulating technology has the advantage of high-efficiency cleaning as hot water supply apparatus.But, the coefficient of heat supply of the heat pump circulating system of vapor compression heat pump circulating technology (COP), be that the energy utilization ratio is subjected to the evaporator operation temperature, promptly the influence of the difference of heat source temperature and condenser working temperature is very big.For air source heat pump, along with winter temperature descends, the evaporator operation temperature of heat pump cycle descends thereupon, thereby causes the COP of heat pump to reduce even can't work.
The inventor finds that in realizing technical scheme of the present invention also nobody proposed to adopt the technology of running water as the heat pump cycle thermal source.This be because, though running water steady sources and in large supply, and existing water-supply systems are very flourishing and universal, at the area of a certain concrete part, certain resident residential area for example, the ducted current that supply water for this residential area are unsettled.Generally in the morning, noon and evening current bigger, the time current that work by day are less, at dead of night the time-division, possible current can stop.The reason that causes above-mentioned current shakiness is to be determined by the water custom in people's life, and can not overcome., running water has stable temperature range, and for example its temperature is about 8 ℃ when north of china in winter, is higher than outer temperature degree.As seen, running water has a large amount of heat energy, and prior art can't be used, and causes in vain to run off, really unfortunately.When heating circulation time, if can adopt running water, refrigeration air-conditioner heat extraction and surrounding air to replace outer gas as thermal source, its coefficient of heat supply will effectively improve.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is, overcome the defective that existing heating system exists, and provide a kind of new heating system and heat supply method, technical problem to be solved be make its with running water, refrigeration air-conditioner heat extraction and surrounding air as thermal source, effectively utilize the heat of running water, refrigeration air-conditioner heat extraction and surrounding air, the coefficient of heat supply that improves heating system is an energy utilization ratio, thereby is suitable for practicality more, and has the value on the industry.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems realizes by the following technical solutions.A kind of heating system according to the present invention proposes comprises: compressor, first throttle valve, second choke valve, first valve, second valve, the 3rd valve, the 4th valve, heat medium container and be arranged on top heat exchanger, middle part heat exchanger and bottom heat exchanger in the described heat medium container from top to bottom; Described heat medium container is used to hold heating agent, and the middle and lower part of this heat medium container is provided with the heating agent import, and the top of heat medium container and bottom are respectively equipped with the heating agent outlet; First valve and the 3rd valve opening, second valve and the 4th valve closing, described compressor, first throttle valve, middle part heat exchanger and bottom heat exchanger constitute the first vapor compression heat pump circulatory system; First valve and the 3rd valve closing, second valve and the 4th valve opening, described compressor, second choke valve, top heat exchanger and middle part heat exchanger constitute the second vapor compression heat pump circulatory system.
Preferably, the heating system that the present invention proposes, the bottom of wherein said heat medium container is provided with the external heat source heat exchanger, and being used for provides outside heat to described heat medium container.
Preferably, the heating system that the present invention proposes, the middle part of wherein said heat medium container is provided with at least one middle part heat storage.
Preferably, the heating system that the present invention proposes, the top of wherein said heat medium container is provided with at least one top heat storage.
Preferably, the heating system that the present invention proposes, wherein said heat storage comprises: encapsulating housing and be filled in heat-storage agent in the encapsulating housing.
Preferably, the heating system that the present invention proposes, wherein said heat-storage agent is one or several in the following material: the hydrate of the hydrate of the hydrate of calcium chloride, the hydrate of sodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium sulphate, the hydrate of sodium carbonate, sodium thiosulfate, hydrate, polyethylene glycol and the carbon number distribution of sodium acetate are 14～40 paraffin.
Preferably, the heating system that the present invention proposes, the freezing point temperature of the heat-storage agent of wherein said middle part heat storage is 25～40 ℃; The freezing point temperature of the heat-storage agent of described top heat storage is 45～60 ℃.
Preferably, the heating system that the present invention proposes has pipeline to link to each other between the heating agent outlet of wherein said heating agent import and heat medium container bottom, and be provided with the 5th valve on this pipeline.
Preferably, the heating system that the present invention proposes, be provided with in the wherein said described heat medium container: the upper temp detector is used to measure heat medium container internal upper part temperature; The middle part Temperature Detector is used to measure middle part temperature in the heat medium container; And the temperature of lower detector, be used to measure temperature of lower in the heat medium container.
Preferably, the heating system that the present invention proposes, wherein said heating agent is a running water.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also proposes a kind of heat supply method, and it adopts above-mentioned heating system, from described heating agent import input raw material heating agent, and the heating agent after being heated from the heating agent outlet output at described heating agent top; This method may further comprise the steps: when predetermined temperature and heat medium container temperature of lower were higher than bottom first predetermined temperature in the middle part of temperature was lower than in the middle part of the heat medium container upper temp is higher than top first predetermined temperature, heat medium container, first valve and the 3rd valve opening, second valve and the 4th valve closing, start the circulation of described first vapor compression heat pump, the heating agent of heat medium container bottom is cooled off and the heating agent at heat medium container middle part is heated; When the heat medium container upper temp is lower than top second predetermined temperature, first valve and the 3rd valve closing, second valve and the 4th valve opening start the circulation of described second vapor compression heat pump, and the heating agent at heat medium container middle part is cooled off and the heating agent on heat medium container top is heated; When described heat medium container upper temp is higher than top first predetermined temperature and heat medium container temperature of lower and is lower than bottom second predetermined temperature, stop the operation of compressor.
Preferably, the heat supply method that the present invention proposes, wherein said top first predetermined temperature is 50 ℃; Top second predetermined temperature is 55 ℃; The middle part predetermined temperature is 35 ℃; Bottom first predetermined temperature is 0 ℃; Bottom second predetermined temperature is subzero 1 ℃.
Preferably, the heat supply method that the present invention proposes has in described heating system under the situation of middle part heat storage and top heat storage, and the freezing point of heat-storage agent that is higher than the top heat storage when upper temp is more than 4 ℃; And when the middle part temperature is not higher than the freezing point of heat-storage agent of middle part heat storage, open first valve and the 3rd valve, close second valve and the 4th valve, start the circulation of described first vapor compression heat pump, the heating agent of heat medium container bottom is cooled off and the heating agent at heat medium container middle part is heated;
When upper temp is not higher than the freezing point of heat-storage agent of top heat storage, close first valve and the 3rd valve, open second valve and the 4th valve, start the circulation of described second vapor compression heat pump, the heating agent at heat medium container middle part is cooled off and the heating agent on heat medium container top is heated;
The freezing point of heat-storage agent that is higher than the top heat storage when upper temp is more than 4 ℃; And when temperature of lower is lower than subzero 1 ℃, stop the operation of compressor;
When the bottom temperature is lower than 5 ℃, open the 5th valve.
Compared with prior art, heating system and heat supply method that the present invention proposes, its advantage is:
Heating system of the present invention can adopt running water, refrigeration air-conditioner heat extraction and surrounding air as thermal source, the energy of running water and surrounding air is utilized effectively, and to make the coefficient of heat supply of vapor compression heat pump circulation in conjunction with effective utilization of valley power be that the thermal efficiency of heating system is significantly improved.And then the present invention also can effectively utilize cheap low ebb electricity, thereby economy is splendid.Have heat accumulation function owing to heating system of the present invention again, thereby can adopt parts such as lower-powered compressor and heat exchanger, thereby the cost of total system is reduced.
Simultaneously, heating system of the present invention also have the characteristics of temperature stabilization of the heating agent that provides or hot water.Because the heat-transfer surface maximum temperature of heat exchanger can remain on below 65 ℃, thus the less scaling characteristics of heat exchanger wall had again, thus be suitable for practicality more.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the heating system flow chart of the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the heating system flow chart of the embodiment of the invention 2.
Fig. 3 is the heating system flow chart of the embodiment of the invention 3.
The specific embodiment
Reach technological means and the effect that predetermined goal of the invention is taked for further setting forth the present invention, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, the heating system that foundation the present invention is proposed and the specific embodiment and the effect of method, describe in detail as after.
Seeing also shown in Figure 1ly, is the flow chart of the embodiment 1 of heating system of the present invention.This heating system comprises: compressor 40, first throttle valve 50, second choke valve 60, first valve 71, second valve 72, the 3rd valve 73, the 4th valve 74, heat medium container 100 and be arranged on top heat exchanger 35, middle part heat exchanger 21 and bottom heat exchanger 11 in the described heat medium container 100 from top to bottom.Described heat medium container 100 is used to hold heating agent, and this heat medium container 100 is divided into three parts from top to bottom in inside, is respectively top 30, middle part 20 and bottom 10.Be provided with heating agent import 13 near the position of intersecting in this middle part 20 and bottom 10, be provided with top heating agent outlet 34 at the top of this heat medium container 100, be provided with bottom heating agent outlet 14 in the bottom of heat medium container.Feed heating agent from the heating agent import, then can be at the heating agent after heating agent outlet in top obtains heating, thus reach the purpose of outside heat supply.Other each parts are configured according to following mode, when first valve 71 and 73 unlatchings of the 3rd valve, second valve 72 and the 4th valve 74 are closed, and make described compressor 40, middle part heat exchanger 21, first throttle valve 50 and bottom heat exchanger 11 constitute the circulation of first vapor compression heat pump; This moment, middle part heat exchanger 21 was equivalent to the condenser of the steam compression heat pump circulatory system, bottom heat exchanger 11 is equivalent to evaporimeter, be filled with refrigeration working medium in this heat pump circulating system, under the situation that compressor 40 starts, can be in the middle part 20 of heat medium container with the transfer of heat in the heat medium container middle and lower part 10.When first valve 71 and the 3rd valve 73 are closed, second valve 72 and the 4th valve 74 are opened, and then described compressor 40, top heat exchanger 35, second choke valve 60 and middle part heat exchanger 21 constitute the vapor compression heat pump circulatory systems.This moment, middle part heat exchanger 21 was equivalent to the evaporimeter of the steam compression heat pump circulatory system, top heat exchanger 35 is equivalent to condenser, be filled with cycle fluid in this heat pump circulating system, under the situation that compressor 40 starts, can be with the top 30 of the transfer of heat in the heat medium container middle part 20 to heat medium container.Preferable, in described heat medium container 10, be provided with upper temp detector T1, be used to measure the upper temp of heat medium container; Middle part Temperature Detector T2 is used to measure the temperature at heat medium container middle part; And temperature of lower detector T3, be used to measure the temperature of heat medium container bottom.According to the testing result of above-mentioned each Temperature Detector, can be used as the opening and closing of above-mentioned each valve of control and the running and the index that stops of compressor.Preferable, also between heating agent import 13 and bottom heating agent outlet 14, be provided with pipeline, and on this pipeline, be provided with the 5th valve 75.Bottom with convenient heat medium container is reduced to below the freezing point of heating agent owing to temperature, causing heating agent to solidify can't flow, perhaps heat medium temperature is crossed low and when being not easy to use, is opened the 5th valve 75, thereby it is used for the user still can to flow out heating agent from the outlet of bottom heating agent.Above-mentioned first valve to the, five valves can adopt the electromagnetic valve that can control automatically, thereby realize the automation control of this heating system.The heating system of present embodiment, it provides heating agent in heating agent import department, and in this heating system, middle part or the top formation high temperature heating agent of a transfer of heat of the heating agent in the heat medium container to heat medium container will be entered, and then output realizes the heat supply purpose, and the heating agent that loses heat is positioned at the bottom of heat medium container and is output utilization.In the present embodiment, described heating agent is a running water.Preferable also is provided with screen cloth 12 between middle part 20 and bottom 10 in heat medium container, be used for stoping the ice crystals of 10 formation in the bottom upwards floating.The heating system of present embodiment is that a part of heat in the running water that will be consumed puts forward, and the heat that is converted into higher temperature offers the user.Then, offer the running water that the user uses consumption by bottom heating agent outlet 14, just its temperature has reduced.That is to say, heat medium container top output be hot water, and the output of heat medium container bottom be cold water, this cold water can be used for the less demanding purposes of water temperature, such as being used to wash the lavatory or watering flowers etc.This system when the heat medium container temperature of lower is lower than the temperature of ambient air outside, also can realize the utilization to the surrounding air heat by the heat exchange of heating agent and surrounding air except can effectively utilizing the heat of running water.
Seeing also shown in Figure 2ly, is the flow chart of the embodiment 2 of heating system of the present invention.Compare with embodiment 1, present embodiment also is provided with external heat source heat exchanger 80 in the bottom of heat medium container, be used for the heat of external heat source is sent to this heating system, and then its heat be converted into the higher heat of temperature, be output at the top of heat medium container by the running of compressor 40.This external heat source can adopt the heat extraction of refrigeration air-conditioner, and 80 heat exchangers that are equivalent to refrigerating air conditioner outdoor machine of heat exchanger, described external heat source also can be the heats of solar thermal collector output, fume afterheat and industrial low-temperature waste heat etc.Heating system by present embodiment can further improve the heat grade of said external thermal source, thereby obtains better utilization.
Seeing also shown in Figure 3ly, is the flow chart of the embodiment 3 of heating system of the present invention.Compare with embodiment 2, present embodiment is provided with at least one by encapsulating housing and be encapsulated in the middle part heat storage 22 that heat-storage agent constituted in this encapsulating housing at the middle part 20 of heat medium container.This encapsulating housing adopts the preferable material of heat transfer property to constitute, as stainless steel.Encapsulating housing should be designed to have the structure or the shape of big heat-transfer surface.The freezing point temperature of the heat-storage agent of described middle part heat storage is 25～40 ℃; This heat-storage agent is one or several in the following material: the hydrate of the hydrate of calcium chloride, the hydrate of sodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium sulphate, the hydrate of sodium carbonate and carbon number distribution are 14～20 paraffin.Optionally, also be provided with at least one by encapsulating housing and be encapsulated in the top heat storage 32 that heat-storage agent constituted in this encapsulating housing on the top 30 of heat medium container.The freezing point temperature of the heat-storage agent in the heat storage of top is 45～60 ℃, is selected from the following material one or several: the hydrate of sodium thiosulfate, the hydrate of sodium acetate, polyethylene glycol and carbon number distribution are 18～40 paraffin.
Embodiments of the invention 4 also propose a kind of heat supply method, and it adopts the heating system of the foregoing description 1.By heating agent import input running water, and by top heating agent outlet output hot water or by bottom heating agent outlet output cold water.Detect the upper, middle and lower temperature of heat medium container respectively.When predetermined temperature and heat medium container temperature of lower were higher than bottom first predetermined temperature in the middle part of temperature was lower than in the middle part of the heat medium container upper temp is higher than top first predetermined temperature, heat medium container, first valve and the 3rd valve opening, second valve and the 4th valve closing, start the circulation of described first vapor compression heat pump, the heating agent of heat medium container bottom is cooled off and the heating agent at heat medium container middle part is heated; When the heat medium container upper temp is lower than top second predetermined temperature, first valve and the 3rd valve closing, second valve and the 4th valve opening start the circulation of described second vapor compression heat pump, and the heating agent at heat medium container middle part is cooled off and the heating agent on heat medium container top is heated; When described heat medium container upper temp is higher than top first predetermined temperature or described heat medium container temperature of lower and is lower than bottom second predetermined temperature, stop the operation of compressor.In the present embodiment, described top first predetermined temperature is 55 ℃; Top second predetermined temperature is 50 ℃; The middle part predetermined temperature is 35 ℃; Bottom first predetermined temperature is 0 ℃; Subzero 1 ℃ of bottom second predetermined temperature.When the heating agent in the bottom is lower than 5 ℃ or when solidifying, open the 5th valve to guarantee flowing out heating agent from the outlet of bottom heating agent.
In zero period of the morning up at 6 o'clock in the morning, open second valve and the 4th valve, close first valve and the 3rd valve, start the circulation of second vapor compression heat pump is heated above 5 ℃ of described top first preset temperatures to the heating agent on heat medium container top temperature, then, close second valve and the 4th valve, open first valve and the 3rd valve, start the circulation of first vapor compression heat pump is heated above 5 ℃ of described middle part preset temperatures to the heating agent at heat medium container middle part temperature.
Embodiments of the invention 5 also provide a kind of heat supply method, it is for when the heating agent in the foregoing description is running water, adopt the heating system shown in the embodiment 2, compare with the heat supply method of embodiment 4, this method comprises that also heat extraction with the external refrigeration air-conditioning is as external heat source, external heat exchanger by the heat medium container bottom is transferred to the heat extraction of external refrigeration air-conditioning in the heating agent of heat medium container bottom, and then transfers to the middle part and the top of heat medium container.Described external heat source also can be the heat of heat, combustion product gases of solar thermal collector output and industrial low-temperature waste heat etc.
Embodiments of the invention 6 also provide a kind of heat supply method, it adopts the heating system of embodiment 3, in this system, include top heat storage and middle part heat storage, the heat supply method of present embodiment 7 comprises: by heating agent import input running water, and by top heating agent outlet output hot water or by bottom heating agent outlet output cold water.Detect the upper, middle and lower temperature of heat medium container respectively.The freezing point of heat-storage agent that is higher than the top heat storage when upper temp is more than 4 ℃, and when the middle part temperature is not higher than the freezing point of heat-storage agent of middle part heat storage, open first valve and the 3rd valve, close second valve and the 4th valve, start the circulation of described first vapor compression heat pump, the heating agent of heat medium container bottom is cooled off and the heating agent at heat medium container middle part is heated.
When the upper temp of heat medium container is not higher than the freezing point of heat-storage agent of top heat storage, close first valve and the 3rd valve, open second valve and the 4th valve, start the circulation of described second vapor compression heat pump, the heating agent at heat medium container middle part is cooled off and the heating agent on heat medium container top is heated.
The freezing point of heat-storage agent that is higher than the top heat storage when the upper temp of heat medium container is more than 4 ℃, and temperature of lower stops the operation of compressor when being lower than subzero 1 ℃.When the bottom temperature is lower than 5 ℃, open the 5th valve.
Comparative example 1
Adopt natural gas boiler that hot water is provided, the temperature of running water is 15 ℃, and the temperature of institute's heat supply water is 50 ℃, and its thermal efficiency that is primary energy utilization ratio are 80%.
Comparative example 2
Employing provides hot water with the direct-fired electric heater of civil power, and the temperature of running water is 15 ℃, and the mean temperature of institute's heat supply water is 50 ℃, and its thermal efficiency is 95%.Because the user side generating efficiency of civil power is generally 33%, thereby the primary energy utilization ratio of this comparative example is about 31%.
Comparative example 3
Employing is that the air source heat pump circulatory system of power provides hot water with the civil power, and the temperature of running water is 15 ℃, and the mean temperature of institute's heat supply water is 52 ℃.Outer temperature is 12 ℃, and the average evaporating temperature of cold-producing medium is-3 ℃ in the heat pump circulating system evaporimeter, and the average condensation temperature of cold-producing medium is 57 ℃ in the condenser, and refrigeration working medium is R22, and the compressor adiabatic efficiency is 0.85, and its coefficient of heat supply (COP) is 3.70.Because the user side generating efficiency of civil power is generally 33%, thereby the primary energy utilization ratio of this comparative example is about 122%.
Example 1
Adopt the method for embodiment 4 that hot water is provided, user's general water is the cold water average discharge and the ratio of hot water average discharge is more than 12.Ambient air temperature is 12 ℃, and the temperature of running water is 15 ℃, and the hot water temperature who provides from the outlet of top heating agent is 50～55 ℃, and mean temperature is 52 ℃, and the mean temperature that the cold water that provides is provided from the bottom heating agent is 12 ℃.The average evaporating temperature of first vapor compression heat pump circulation of this example is 7 ℃, average condensation temperature is 40 ℃, the average evaporating temperature of second vapor compression heat pump circulation is 30 ℃, average condensation temperature is 57 ℃, refrigeration working medium is R22, the compressor adiabatic efficiency is 0.85, and the comprehensive heat pump cycle COP of this example is 4.15, and the primary energy utilization ratio is 137%.
Example 2
Adopt the method for embodiment 5 that hot water is provided, user's general water is the cold water average discharge and the ratio of hot water average discharge is more than 1.Ambient air temperature is 32 ℃, the condenser cycle fluid temperature of external refrigeration air-conditioning is 40 ℃, and the temperature of running water is 25 ℃, and the hot water temperature who provides from the outlet of top heating agent is 50～55 ℃, mean temperature is 52 ℃, and the mean temperature that the cold water that provides is provided from the bottom heating agent is 20 ℃.The average evaporating temperature of first vapor compression heat pump circulation of this example is 15 ℃, average condensation temperature is 40 ℃, the average evaporating temperature of second vapor compression heat pump circulation is 30 ℃, average condensation temperature is 57 ℃, refrigeration working medium is R22, the compressor adiabatic efficiency is 0.85, and the comprehensive heat pump cycle COP of this example is 4.78, and the primary energy utilization ratio is 158%.
Example 3
Adopt the method for embodiment 6 that hot water is provided, user's general water is the cold water average discharge and the ratio of hot water average discharge is more than 3.Ambient air temperature is 20 ℃, and the temperature of running water is 15 ℃, and the hot water temperature who provides from the outlet of top heating agent is 53～58 ℃, and mean temperature is 55 ℃, and the mean temperature that the cold water that provides is provided from the bottom heating agent is 12 ℃.The heat-storage agent employing freezing point of first heat storage is 36 ℃ sodium hydrogen phosphate hydrate (Na
2HPO
412H
2O), the heat-storage agent of second heat storage employing freezing point is 58 ℃ sodium acetate hydrate (NaCH
3COO3H
2O).The average evaporating temperature of first vapor compression heat pump circulation of this example is 12 ℃, average condensation temperature is 41 ℃, the average evaporating temperature of second vapor compression heat pump circulation is 31 ℃, average condensation temperature is 63 ℃, refrigeration working medium is R22, the compressor adiabatic efficiency is 0.85, and the comprehensive heat pump cycle COP of this example is 4.07, and the primary energy utilization ratio is 134%.
COP in above-mentioned comparative example and the example (coefficient of heat supply) externally exports the heat of hot water and the ratio of compressor institute consuming electric power for heat pump circulating system, and the primary energy utilization ratio of entire system by entire system externally output heat with the ratio of heat of input primary energy, the primary energy of comparative example 1 is a natural gas, the primary energy of comparative example 2,3 and example 1,2,3 is that the thermal power plant is fuel used, as natural gas, coal etc.Adopt the secondary heat pump cycle because the present invention is actually, thereby its comprehensive heat pump cycle COP is defined as follows:
Heat/first heat pump cycle of the hot water that provides is provided from the top heating agent comprehensive heat pump cycle COP=
With second heat pump cycle institute consuming electric power sum
Above-mentioned example 1 is to the example 3 vapor compression heat pump circulations of described first vapor compression heat pump circulation for being made of compressor, middle part heat exchanger, first throttle valve and bottom heat exchanger.The vapor compression heat pump circulation of described second vapor compression heat pump circulation for constituting by described compressor, top heat exchanger, second choke valve and middle part heat exchanger.
The above, it only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not that the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, though the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, yet be not in order to limit the present invention, any those skilled in the art, in not breaking away from the technical solution of the present invention scope, when the technology contents that can utilize above-mentioned announcement is made a little change or is modified to the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, in every case be the content that does not break away from technical solution of the present invention, according to technical spirit of the present invention to any simple modification that above embodiment did, equivalent variations and modification all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. heating system is characterized in that it comprises: compressor, first throttle valve, second choke valve, first valve, second valve, the 3rd valve, the 4th valve, heat medium container and be arranged on top heat exchanger, middle part heat exchanger and bottom heat exchanger in the described heat medium container from top to bottom;
Described heat medium container is used to hold heating agent, and the middle and lower part of this heat medium container is provided with the heating agent import, and the top of heat medium container and bottom are respectively equipped with the heating agent outlet;
First valve and the 3rd valve opening, second valve and the 4th valve closing, described compressor, middle part heat exchanger, first throttle valve and bottom heat exchanger constitute the circulation of first vapor compression heat pump;
First valve and the 3rd valve closing, second valve and the 4th valve opening, described compressor, top heat exchanger, second choke valve and middle part heat exchanger constitute the circulation of second vapor compression heat pump.
2. heating system according to claim 1 is characterized in that the bottom of described heat medium container is provided with the external heat source heat exchanger, is used for providing outside heat to described heat medium container.
3. heating system according to claim 1 is characterized in that the middle part of described heat medium container is provided with at least one middle part heat storage.
4. according to each described heating system of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that the top of described heat medium container is provided with at least one top heat storage.
5. heating system according to claim 4 is characterized in that wherein said heat storage comprises: encapsulating housing and be filled in heat-storage agent in the encapsulating housing.
6. heating system according to claim 5 is characterized in that described heat-storage agent is one or several in the following material: the hydrate of the hydrate of the hydrate of calcium chloride, the hydrate of sodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium sulphate, the hydrate of sodium carbonate, sodium thiosulfate, hydrate, polyethylene glycol and the carbon number distribution of sodium acetate are 14～40 paraffin.
7. heating system according to claim 6, the freezing point that it is characterized in that the heat-storage agent of wherein said middle part heat storage is 25～40 ℃; The freezing point of the heat-storage agent of described top heat storage is 45～60 ℃.
8. heating system according to claim 1 is characterized in that having pipeline to link to each other between the heating agent outlet of described heating agent import and heat medium container bottom, and be provided with the 5th valve on this pipeline.
9. heating system according to claim 1 is characterized in that being provided with in described heat medium container:
The upper temp detector is used to measure heat medium container internal upper part temperature;
The middle part Temperature Detector is used to measure middle part temperature in the heat medium container; And
The temperature of lower detector is used to measure temperature of lower in the heat medium container.
10. heating system according to claim 1 is characterized in that described heating agent is a running water.
11. a heat supply method is characterized in that it adopts aforesaid right requirement 1～10 each described heating system, from described heating agent import input raw material heating agent, and the heating agent after being heated from the heating agent outlet output at described heating agent top; This method may further comprise the steps: detect the upper, middle and lower temperature of heat medium container respectively,
When predetermined temperature and heat medium container temperature of lower were higher than bottom first predetermined temperature in the middle part of temperature was lower than in the middle part of the heat medium container upper temp is higher than top first predetermined temperature, heat medium container, open first valve and the 3rd valve, close second valve and the 4th valve, first vapor compression heat pump circulation that startup is made of described compressor, middle part heat exchanger, first throttle valve and bottom heat exchanger is cooled off and the heating agent at heat medium container middle part is heated the heating agent of heat medium container bottom;
When the heat medium container upper temp is lower than top second predetermined temperature, close first valve and the 3rd valve, open second valve and the 4th valve, second vapor compression heat pump circulation that startup is made of described compressor, top heat exchanger, second choke valve and middle part heat exchanger is cooled off and the heating agent on heat medium container top is heated the heating agent at heat medium container middle part;
When described heat medium container upper temp is higher than top first predetermined temperature or described heat medium container temperature of lower and is lower than bottom second predetermined temperature, stop the operation of compressor.
12. heat supply method according to claim 11 is characterized in that wherein said top first predetermined temperature is 55 ℃; Top second predetermined temperature is 50 ℃; The middle part predetermined temperature is 35 ℃; Bottom first predetermined temperature is 0 ℃; Bottom second predetermined temperature is subzero 1 ℃.
13. heat supply method according to claim 11 is characterized in that, has in described heating system under the situation of middle part heat storage and top heat storage,
The freezing point of heat-storage agent that is higher than the top heat storage when upper temp is more than 4 ℃; And when the middle part temperature is not higher than the freezing point of heat-storage agent of middle part heat storage, open first valve and the 3rd valve, close second valve and the 4th valve, first vapor compression heat pump circulation that startup is made of described compressor, middle part heat exchanger, first throttle valve and bottom heat exchanger is cooled off and the heating agent at heat medium container middle part is heated the heating agent of heat medium container bottom;
When upper temp is not higher than the freezing point of heat-storage agent of top heat storage, close first valve and the 3rd valve, open second valve and the 4th valve, second vapor compression heat pump circulation that startup is made of described compressor, top heat exchanger, second choke valve and middle part heat exchanger is cooled off and the heating agent on heat medium container top is heated the heating agent at heat medium container middle part;
The freezing point of heat-storage agent that is higher than the top heat storage when upper temp is more than 4 ℃; And when temperature of lower is lower than subzero 1 ℃, stop the operation of compressor;
When the bottom temperature is lower than 5 ℃, open the 5th valve.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008101129940A CN101592353B (en) | 2008-05-27 | 2008-05-27 | Heat supply system and heat supply method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008101129940A CN101592353B (en) | 2008-05-27 | 2008-05-27 | Heat supply system and heat supply method |
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| CN101592353A CN101592353A (en) | 2009-12-02 |
| CN101592353B true CN101592353B (en) | 2011-11-09 |
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| CN104296559B (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2016-08-10 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | One waste-heat stove is the method and device of different user independent oil supply simultaneously |
| CN106352388A (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2017-01-25 | 华北电力大学 | Electric heat pump and heat storage device combined thermal station system |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2502177Y (en) * | 2001-07-14 | 2002-07-24 | 中国科学技术大学 | Energy-storage type heat pump water supply device for hot water boiler |
| CN101033866A (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2007-09-12 | 天津大学 | Heat pump combined with water heater system |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2502177Y (en) * | 2001-07-14 | 2002-07-24 | 中国科学技术大学 | Energy-storage type heat pump water supply device for hot water boiler |
| CN101033866A (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2007-09-12 | 天津大学 | Heat pump combined with water heater system |
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