CN101592335B - Tobacco stem waste gasification system device and production technology thereof - Google Patents
Tobacco stem waste gasification system device and production technology thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101592335B CN101592335B CN 200910016957 CN200910016957A CN101592335B CN 101592335 B CN101592335 B CN 101592335B CN 200910016957 CN200910016957 CN 200910016957 CN 200910016957 A CN200910016957 A CN 200910016957A CN 101592335 B CN101592335 B CN 101592335B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
- Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
Abstract
The invention discloses a tobacco stem waste gasification system device capable of continuously operating without secondary pollution. The device comprises a raw material bin, the lower end of the raw material bin is provided with a belt conveyor, the tail end of the belt conveyor is provided with a material lifting machine and is erected on the top of a hopper of the material lifting machine, a discharge outlet of the material lifting machine is connected with a gasification furnace through a pipeline, a fuel preheating pipe is arranged above the pipeline, the upper end of a feed inlet of the gasification furnace is provided with a safe discharge pipe, the other three sides of the top of the gasification furnace are provided with gasification furnace operation ports, the center of the top of the gasification furnace is provided with a kick-out device, the lower end of the kick-out device is provided with parallel switch-plates, the lower end surfaces of the switch-plates are vertically fixed with target pins, the lower parts of the target pins are a gasification cavity of the gasification furnace, the lower part of the gasification cavity is provided with a tipping grate which is vertical to the axial surface of the gasification furnace, the center of the lower part of the tipping grate is provided with a secondary tar cracking bucket, and the top end of the secondary tar cracking bucket is connected with a first dust remover and an air inlet on one side of the upper end of the first dust remover.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biomass energy is converted to the system and device and the production technology thereof of steam, relate in particular to a kind of tobacco stem waste gasification system device and production technology thereof.
Background technology
Since calendar year 2001, China's biomass gasification technology has just entered the popularization stage, and by widespread usage, its operation form all belongs to batch (-type) with monosomic matter gasification furnace, living beings gasification central gas supply device and technology at the family.Though biomass fluid bed TRT can move continuously, require very strict to biomass solid fuel uniform particles degree.The cabo particle degree is not only inhomogeneous, and the volume after do slipping in the biomass thermal chemical reaction does not only shrink on the contrary and increased more than the twice.Adopt the existing fixed bed biomass gasifying device, offal coefficient of expansion in the gasification furnace thermal chemical reaction is big, has caused fuel drying layer, destructive distillation layer, oxide layer, reducing zone thermal condition extremely unstable; Cause each bed of material can occur threading, bridging, layer perforation phenomenon at any time, the combustion gas after the gasification is not only impure but also oxygen content is high, and running time is not only of short duration but also labour intensity is big.Current, the biomass gasification device of international and domestic continuous operation and technology all are furnished with the tar of removing equipment,＞350 ° combustion gas are dropped to＜35 °, have both wasted combustion gas, carry heat energy and have brought secondary water to pollute again.The characteristic of beating and double roasting enterprise has determined the high concentration of tobacco stem waste amount, and long-term the burning naturally not only caused energy waste but also brought the serious environmental pollution.
Summary of the invention
The tobacco stem waste gasification system device and the production technology thereof that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of energy continuous service, non-secondary pollution.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of tobacco stem waste gasification system device, it is characterized in that: include former feed bin, former feed bin lower end is equipped with belt conveyor, the belt conveyor end is provided with crane, the terminal frame of belt conveyor is at the top of crane hopper, the discharging opening of crane is connected with gasification furnace by pipeline, this pipeline top is equipped with the fuel economizer bank, the charging aperture upper end of gasification furnace is equipped with safe exhaust stack, other three sides of top of gasification furnace have the gasification furnace gathering hole, the top center of gasification furnace is equipped with setting gauge, the lower end of setting gauge is provided with parallel switch-plate, switch-plate lower surface vertical fixing has the target nail, the bottom of target nail is the gasification chamber of gasification furnace, the bottom of gasification chamber is equipped with the rotation fire grate perpendicular to the gasification furnace axis, the lower central of rotation fire grate is provided with the secondarily cracking tar bucket, the top of secondarily cracking tar bucket is connected with first deduster, the top of secondarily cracking tar bucket links to each other with the first deduster upper side air inlet, the bottom of secondarily cracking tar bucket is the grey chamber of gasification furnace, the bottom in ash chamber is connected with gasification furnace ash discharge screw feeder, the gasification furnace Blowing stopper, gasification furnace ash bucket and gasification fire grate ash machine, gasification furnace ash discharge screw feeder, the gasification furnace Blowing stopper, the gasification furnace ash bucket becomes gasification furnace ash discharge passage with gasification fire grate ash mechanism; Gasification furnace is provided with cat ladder, operating desk and gasification furnace leg; On the tube connector between the secondarily cracking tar bucket and first deduster Pressure gauge is installed, first deduster is provided with the first deduster leg, first deduster bottom is connected with the first deduster ash discharge screw feeder, the first deduster Blowing stopper, first dust collector ash hopper and the first deduster ash ejector, the first deduster ash discharge screw feeder, the first deduster Blowing stopper, first dust collector ash hopper and the first deduster ash ejector constitute the first deduster ash discharge passage, the top of first deduster is connected with second deduster, the top of first deduster links to each other with the second deduster upper side air inlet, second deduster is provided with the second deduster leg, the second deduster bottom is provided with ash-valve, the top of second deduster is connected with the combustion gas air-introduced machine, the top of second deduster links to each other with the air inlet of combustion gas air-introduced machine, the gas outlet of combustion gas air-introduced machine is connected with the water seal converter, the gas outlet of combustion gas air-introduced machine links to each other by tube connector with water seal converter one side, one side of this tube connector is provided with the first water seal venting of dust explosion device and water seal emptying device, water seal emptying device top is equipped with water seal emptying device evacuated tube, water seal converter opposite side is connected with burner by the gas connection pipe road, one side in this section gas connection pipe road is provided with the second water seal venting of dust explosion device, the first water seal venting of dust explosion device, the water seal emptying device, be separately installed with the first water seal venting of dust explosion device liquid level gauge on the water seal converter and the second water seal venting of dust explosion device, water seal emptying device liquid level gauge, water seal converter liquid level gauge, the second water seal venting of dust explosion device liquid level gauge, its water inlet pipe separately all links to each other with upper water box, its outlet pipe separately all flows to cistern, its separately water inlet pipe and outlet pipe on electric butterfly valve and Hand-operated butterfly valve all are installed, be provided with immersible pump in the cistern, the drainpipe of immersible pump links to each other with the upper water box top, and the gas connection pipe road is equipped with magnetic valve in the back of the second water seal venting of dust explosion device opening; The burner front end is provided with the combustion gas gas-distributing fan.
Tobacco stem waste gasification production technology by described system and device is realized is characterized in that: the processing step that gasification is produced is as follows:
1) prepare before the operation:
(1) prepares enough former feed bin raw material, accomplish that start gets final product material loading;
(2) open the electric cabinet master switch and connect power supply, open the air supply pipe magnetic valve;
(3) check venting of dust explosion water tank, cistern water level, close after adding by designated water level when not enough;
(4) assert that trying firearm closes;
(5) identification boiler gas burner cuts out;
(6) check that respectively go out ash system has or not lime-ash delay or case, pipe to damage, and guarantees respectively to go out the unobstructed nothing of ash system and leaks;
(7) check rotation fire grate situation, guarantee that rotation fire grate body is intact, bed of material perforation influences combustion gas quality in the stove in order to avoid the distortion of rotation fire grate causes;
(8) check each manually, the motor-driven valve switch has or not malfunctioning, circuit to virtually connect, and guarantees that its switch that is quick on the draw puts in place;
(9) start each motor device, guarantee all to rotate flexibly, subsequently it is closed;
(10) ready living beings evenly are layered on the rotation fire grate, it is thick to be less than 200mm;
(11) check pressure vacuum gauge, judge its reaction sensitivity;
(12) water seal emptying device water level is reduced 380mm water column, water seal converter water level raising 380mm water column, make unit operation be in emptying state;
2) offal gasification, air feed:
(1) start by sequence belt conveyor, crane, setting gauge are no more than water content 18% offal and drop into gasification furnace, suspend material loading when the offal fuel height reaches 400-500mm approximately;
(2) first-class bed material is flattened and spreads in fact, be layered on the soft kindling of preprepared on the charge level uniformly again;
(3) start the combustion gas air-introduced machine, original frequency is set at 12 hertz;
(4) light and drop into the kindling that ignites in the stove behind the easy biomass-burning;
(5) stir kindling material with operation hoe and make after kindling is all lighted the bed material charge level in the stove, restart belt conveyor, crane, setting gauge and continue to feed intake;
(6) behind combustion gas air-introduced machine operation 3min, open the examination firearm and light combustion gas, assert that examination firearm flame is full, flare stable after, open the combustor air inlet valve, open the combustion gas gas-distributing fan simultaneously;
(7) water seal converter water level is reduced 380mm water column, water seal emptying device water level raising 380mm water column, make unit be in operation air feed state, beginning is to the boiler supplying combustion gas;
(8) in second time material loading, observe Pressure gauge, appropriateness strengthened combustion gas air-introduced machine frequency when negative pressure was low;
(9) after bed depth surpasses the setting gauge switch-plate, start the rotation fire grate ash that falls, start ash discharge screw feeder, Blowing stopper, ash ejector ash discharge;
(10) degree of the offal burning of the combustion gas quality that shows according to thermal technology state, examination firearm in the stove of gasifier temperature sensor demonstration, lime-ash reaction, adjustment combustion gas air-introduced machine, belt conveyor, revolving burner are calculated frequency and are set after unit produces the air feed optimum state;
3) the gasification air feed finishes:
(1) stops to gasify before the air feed, close setting gauge after throwing last defective material to gasification furnace in advance, fuel continues gasification in the stove, after judging examination firearm flare instability, water seal emptying device water level is reduced to the unit operation emptying state, water seal converter water level is risen to the unit operation emptying state;
(2) close boiler room combustor air inlet valve and combustion gas gas-distributing fan;
(3) magnetic valve is in power down mode;
(4) startup next time is no more than 24h as unit;
A, combustion gas air-introduced machine frequency is reduced to 5 hertz, close behind the 5min;
B, close ash discharge screw feeder, Blowing stopper, ash ejector;
C, clean out the raw material that drops on the hopper periphery;
D, cleaning Blowing stopper and on-the-spot lime-ash;
E, close the electric butterfly valve on each motor and the gas pipeline;
F, close microcomputer and electric cabinet battery main switch;
(5) long at interval start-up time next time as unit:
A, belt conveyor hopper raw material is all dropped into gasification furnace and closes belt conveyor, crane, setting gauge one by one;
B, treat that fuel gasification finishes in the stove after, combustion gas air-introduced machine frequency is reduced to 5 hertz;
C, adjusting rotation fire grate frequency are closed the rotation fire grate with operating after shovel is removed the lime-ash that rotates on the fire grate;
D, close the combustion gas air-introduced machine;
E, treat that gasification furnace, the first deduster lime-ash are removed after, close each motor of soot cleaning system, remove to close behind the second deduster dust and let out the ash door.
The biomass block gasification back that the present invention can make tobacco stem waste generates hot combustion gas, directly sends into boiler and replaces coal burning, has solved present fixed bed biomass gasification intermittent duty and fresh water (FW) secondary pollution problem.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of setting gauge among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is another structural representation of setting gauge among Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of ash bucket among Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of rotation fire grate among Fig. 1;
Fig. 7 is the B-B cutaway view of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of secondarily cracking tar bucket among Fig. 1;
Fig. 9 is the vertical view of Fig. 8;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of ash discharge screw feeder among Fig. 1;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of first deduster among Fig. 1;
Figure 12 is the structural representation of second deduster among Fig. 1
In the accompanying drawing:
1, gasification furnace ash ejector 2, gasification furnace leg 3, cat ladder 4, former feed bin
5, belt conveyor 6, crane hopper 7, crane 8, grey chamber
9, secondarily cracking tar bucket 10, combustion gas appendix 11, rotation fire grate 12, gasification furnace
13, fuel economizer bank 14, safe exhaust stack 15, Pressure gauge 16, gasification furnace gathering hole
17, setting gauge 18, operating desk 19, gasification chamber 20, gasification furnace ash discharge screw feeder
21, gasification furnace Blowing stopper 22, gasification furnace ash bucket 23, first deduster
24, the first deduster ash discharge screw feeder 25, the first deduster ash ejector
26, the first deduster Blowing stopper 27, first dust collector ash hopper 28, second deduster
29, the second deduster leg 30, the first deduster ash-leaking valve 31, combustion gas air-introduced machine
32, the first water seal venting of dust explosion device 33, the first water seal venting of dust explosion device water intaking valve 34, water seal emptying device evacuated tube
35, the first water seal venting of dust explosion device draining valve 36, upper water box 37, water seal emptying device water intaking valve
38, water seal emptying device 39, water seal emptying device draining valve 40, cistern
41, water seal converter water intaking valve 42, immersible pump 43, water seal converter
44, the second water seal venting of dust explosion device water intaking valve 45, water seal converter draining valve
46, the second water seal venting of dust explosion device draining valve 47, the second water seal venting of dust explosion device
48, Gas Pipe 49, magnetic valve 50, boiler room 51, boiler room fuel gas alarm
52, computer operation chamber 53, flame sensor 54, boiler 55, burner
56, combustion gas gas-distributing fan 57, burner motor-driven valve 58, burner hand-operated valve
59, examination firearm 60, the second water seal venting of dust explosion device liquid level gauge 61, water seal converter liquid level gauge
62, water seal emptying device liquid level gauge 63, the first water seal venting of dust explosion device liquid level gauge
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is further described:
A kind of tobacco stem waste gasification system device, extremely shown in Figure 12 as Fig. 1, its system and device agent structure is the cover equipment that is mutually related, setting puts in order from the former feed bin 4 of electronic belt feeder, include former feed bin 4, former feed bin 4 lower ends are equipped with belt conveyor 5, belt conveyor 5 ends are provided with crane 7, the terminal frame of belt conveyor 5 is at the top of crane hopper 6, the discharging opening of crane 7 is connected with gasification furnace 12 by pipeline, this pipeline top is equipped with fuel economizer bank 13, the charging aperture upper end of gasification furnace 12 is equipped with safe exhaust stack 14, other three sides at gasification furnace 12 tops have gasification furnace gathering hole 16, the top center of gasification furnace 12 is equipped with setting gauge 17, the lower end of setting gauge 17 is provided with parallel switch-plate, switch-plate lower surface vertical fixing has a plurality of target nails, the bottom of target nail is the gasification chamber 19 of gasification furnace 12, the bottom of gasification chamber 19 is equipped with a plurality of electronic rotation fire grate perpendicular to the gasification furnace axis, the lower central of rotation fire grate is provided with secondarily cracking tar bucket 9, the top of secondarily cracking tar bucket 9 is connected with first deduster 23, the top of secondarily cracking tar bucket 9 links to each other with first deduster, 23 upper side air inlets, the bottom of secondarily cracking tar bucket 9 is the grey chamber 8 of gasification furnace 12, the bottom in ash chamber 8 is connected with gasification furnace ash discharge screw feeder 20, gasification furnace Blowing stopper 21, gasification furnace ash bucket 22 and gasification fire grate ash machine 1, gasification furnace ash discharge screw feeder, the gasification furnace Blowing stopper, the gasification furnace ash bucket becomes gasification furnace ash discharge passage with gasification fire grate ash mechanism; Gasification furnace 12 is provided with cat ladder 3, operating desk 18 and four gasification furnace legs 2; On the tube connector between the secondarily cracking tar bucket 9 and first deduster 23 Pressure gauge 15 is installed, first deduster 23 is provided with four first deduster legs, first deduster, 23 bottoms are connected with the first deduster ash discharge screw feeder 24, the first deduster Blowing stopper 26, first dust collector ash hopper 27 and the first deduster ash ejector 25, the first deduster ash discharge screw feeder, the first deduster Blowing stopper, first dust collector ash hopper and the first deduster ash ejector constitute the first deduster ash discharge passage, the top of first deduster 23 is connected with second deduster 28, the top of first deduster 23 links to each other with second deduster, 28 upper side air inlets, second deduster 28 is provided with four second deduster legs 29, second deduster, 28 bottoms are provided with ash-valve, the top of second deduster 28 is connected with combustion gas air-introduced machine 31, the top of second deduster 28 links to each other with the air inlet of combustion gas air-introduced machine 31, the gas outlet of combustion gas air-introduced machine 31 is connected with water seal converter 43, the gas outlet of combustion gas air-introduced machine 31 links to each other by tube connector with water seal converter 43 1 sides, one side of this tube connector is provided with first water seal venting of dust explosion device 32 and the water seal emptying device 38, water seal emptying device 38 tops are equipped with water seal emptying device evacuated tube 34, water seal converter 43 opposite sides are connected with burner 55 by the gas connection pipe road, one side in this section gas connection pipe road is provided with the second water seal venting of dust explosion device 47, the first water seal venting of dust explosion device 32, water seal emptying device 38, be separately installed with the first water seal venting of dust explosion device liquid level gauge 63 on the water seal converter 43 and the second water seal venting of dust explosion device 47, water seal emptying device liquid level gauge 62, water seal converter liquid level gauge 61, the second water seal venting of dust explosion device liquid level gauge 60, its water inlet pipe separately all links to each other with upper water box, its outlet pipe separately all flows to cistern, its separately water inlet pipe and outlet pipe on electric butterfly valve and Hand-operated butterfly valve all are installed, be provided with immersible pump in the cistern, the drainpipe of immersible pump links to each other with the upper water box top, and the gas connection pipe road is equipped with magnetic valve 49 in the back of the second water seal venting of dust explosion device, 47 openings; Burner 55 front ends are provided with combustion gas gas-distributing fan 56.In the boiler room, be equipped with electric butterfly valve, Hand-operated butterfly valve and examination firearm on the Gas Pipe.Front end at the boiler biomass gas burner is provided with the combustion gas gas-distributing fan, flame sensor is housed in the boiler, fuel gas alarm has been installed, each equipment motor of microcomputer UNICOM, motor-driven valve power supply, touch screen remote operating system device operation by setup program in the boiler room.
By the tobacco stem waste gasification production technology that described system and device is realized, the processing step that gasification is produced is as follows:
1) prepare before the operation:
(1) prepares enough former feed bin raw material, accomplish that start gets final product material loading;
(2) open the electric cabinet master switch and connect power supply, open the air supply pipe magnetic valve;
(3) check venting of dust explosion water tank, cistern water level, close after adding by designated water level when not enough;
(4) assert that trying firearm closes;
(5) identification boiler gas burner cuts out;
(6) check that respectively go out ash system has or not lime-ash delay or case, pipe to damage, and guarantees respectively to go out the unobstructed nothing of ash system and leaks;
(7) check rotation fire grate situation, guarantee that rotation fire grate body is intact, bed of material perforation influences combustion gas quality in the stove in order to avoid the distortion of rotation fire grate causes;
(8) check each manually, the motor-driven valve switch has or not malfunctioning, circuit to virtually connect, and guarantees that its switch that is quick on the draw puts in place;
(9) start each motor device, guarantee all to rotate flexibly, subsequently it is closed;
(10) ready living beings evenly are layered on the rotation fire grate, it is thick to be less than 200mm;
(11) check pressure vacuum gauge, judge its reaction sensitivity;
(12) water seal emptying device water level is reduced 380mm water column, water seal converter water level raising 380mm water column, make unit operation be in emptying state;
2) offal gasification, air feed:
(1) start by sequence belt conveyor, crane, setting gauge are no more than water content 18% offal and drop into gasification furnace, suspend material loading when the offal fuel height reaches 400-500mm approximately;
(2) first-class bed material is flattened and spreads in fact, be layered on the soft kindling of preprepared on the charge level uniformly again;
(3) start the combustion gas air-introduced machine, original frequency is set at 12 hertz;
(4) light and drop into the kindling that ignites in the stove behind the easy biomass-burning;
(5) stir kindling material with operation hoe and make after kindling is all lighted the bed material charge level in the stove, restart belt conveyor, crane, setting gauge and continue to feed intake;
(6) behind combustion gas air-introduced machine operation 3min, open the examination firearm and light combustion gas, assert that examination firearm flame is full, flare stable after, open the combustor air inlet valve, open the combustion gas gas-distributing fan simultaneously;
(7) water seal converter water level is reduced 380mm water column, water seal emptying device water level raising 380mm water column, make unit be in operation air feed state, beginning is to the boiler supplying combustion gas;
(8) in second time material loading, observe Pressure gauge, appropriateness strengthened combustion gas air-introduced machine frequency when negative pressure was low;
(9) after bed depth surpasses the setting gauge switch-plate, start the rotation fire grate ash that falls, start ash discharge screw feeder, Blowing stopper, ash ejector ash discharge;
(10) degree of the offal burning of the combustion gas quality that shows according to thermal technology state, examination firearm in the stove of gasifier temperature sensor demonstration, lime-ash reaction, adjustment combustion gas air-introduced machine, belt conveyor, rotation fire grate frequency are set after unit produces the air feed optimum state;
3) the gasification air feed finishes:
(1) stops to gasify before the air feed, close setting gauge after throwing last defective material to gasification furnace in advance, fuel continues gasification in the stove, after judging examination firearm flare instability, water seal emptying device water level is reduced to the unit operation emptying state, water seal converter water level is risen to the unit operation emptying state;
(2) close boiler room combustor air inlet valve and combustion gas gas-distributing fan;
(3) magnetic valve is in power down mode;
(4) startup next time is no more than 24h as unit;
A, combustion gas air-introduced machine frequency is reduced to 5 hertz, close behind the 5min;
B, close ash discharge screw feeder, Blowing stopper, ash ejector;
C, clean out the raw material that drops on the hopper periphery;
D, cleaning Blowing stopper and on-the-spot lime-ash;
E, close the electric butterfly valve on each motor and the gas pipeline;
F, close microcomputer and electric cabinet battery main switch;
(5) long at interval start-up time next time as unit:
A, belt conveyor hopper raw material is all dropped into gasification furnace and closes belt conveyor, crane, setting gauge one by one;
B, treat that fuel gasification finishes in the stove after, combustion gas air-introduced machine frequency is reduced to 5 hertz;
C, adjusting rotation fire grate frequency are closed the rotation fire grate with operating after shovel is removed the lime-ash that rotates on the fire grate;
D, close the combustion gas air-introduced machine;
E, treat that gasification furnace, the first deduster lime-ash are removed after, close each motor of soot cleaning system, remove to close behind the second deduster dust and let out the ash door.
Embodiment recited above is described preferred implementation of the present invention; be not that design of the present invention and scope are limited; under the prerequisite that does not break away from design concept of the present invention; common engineers and technicians make technical scheme of the present invention in this area various modification and improvement; all should fall into protection scope of the present invention; the technology contents that the present invention asks for protection all is documented in claims.
The present invention is a kind of tobacco stem waste gasification applied system equipment in boiler, each equipment motor, motor-driven valve power supply all with microcomputer UNICOM, and, set up tobacco stem waste gasification and in boiler, used computer operating system by device design gas production requirement setting working procedure.The top center of gasification furnace is equipped with electronic setting gauge, and the lower end of setting gauge is provided with parallel switch-plate, and switch-plate lower surface vertical fixing a plurality of target nails, and the target nail inserts in the interior fuel of stove; Fuel is divided into four layers naturally in the gasification furnace in thermal chemical reaction, and the upper end is a drying layer, is downwards destructive distillation layer, oxide layer, reducing zone successively, and the lower end of reducing zone is provided with a plurality of electronic rotation fire grates.Gasification back hearth bottom connects electronic ash discharge screw feeder, electronic Blowing stopper, ash bucket, ash ejector, constitutes gasification furnace ash discharge passage.First deduster bottom connects electronic ash discharge screw feeder, electronic Blowing stopper, ash bucket, ash ejector, constitutes the first deduster ash discharge passage.Second deduster bottom is provided with ash-valve.A side is provided with the first water seal venting of dust explosion device and the second water seal venting of dust explosion device on the gas outlet of combustion gas air-introduced machine and the boiler biomass gas burner connecting pipe.Be equipped with magnetic valve on the back gas pipeline of the second water seal venting of dust explosion device opening, in the boiler room, be equipped with electric butterfly valve, Hand-operated butterfly valve on the Gas Pipe.Front end at the boiler biomass gas burner is provided with the air distribution blower fan, and flame sensor is housed in the boiler, and fuel gas alarm has been installed in the boiler room.
Combustion gas after the dedusting of the present invention is directly sent into boiler by air-introduced machine, does not have cooling, purification facility.
Advantage of the present invention is as follows:
1, each equipment motor of microcomputer UNICOM, motor-driven valve power supply, touch screen, remote operating system device operation has by setup program realized that not only system's operation is electrified, and has greatly reduced labour intensity.
2, setting gauge can guarantee that the interior charge level of stove remains level and can in time destroy the fuel coking under the effect that its target nail rotates along with setting gauge again, the threading, bridging, the perforation phenomenon that overcome that fuel is big because of the coefficient of expansion, charge level out-of-flatness in the stove, unreal each bed of material that causes of the bed of material occur have at any time reduced labour intensity; The lower end of reducing zone is provided with the rotation fire grate, and the rotation fire grate is in time removed the lime-ash of reducing zone fuel after-flame, and according to the gas production and the gasification furnace inlet amount coupling of design, one-in-and-one-out has stably guaranteed the continuous operation of system.
3, the setting ash discharge of the setting of gasification furnace ash discharge passage and the first deduster ash discharge passage and not to gasification furnace and the anti-gas of first deduster, for tobacco stem waste gasification continuous safe operation of applied system equipment in boiler provides guarantee.
4, gasification furnace top is provided with Safety relief valve, and a side is provided with the first water seal venting of dust explosion device and the second water seal venting of dust explosion device on the gas outlet of combustion gas air-introduced machine and the boiler biomass gas burner connecting pipe.Gas pipeline is equipped with magnetic valve in the back of the second water seal venting of dust explosion device opening, and fuel gas alarm has been installed in the boiler room.When unexpected power failure, magnetic valve can stop immediately to the boiler room air feed, and the first water seal venting of dust explosion device and the second water seal venting of dust explosion device be the water and the part combustion gas of discharge superpressure automatically of the interior superpressure water level of discharger at once; If internal combustion headroom, boiler room content surpasses 3mg/m
3, fuel gas alarm will in time be reported to the police.More than be provided with and guaranteed security of operation.
5, boiler is directly sent in the combustion gas after the dedusting, and the temperature of combustion gas＞350 ° add fuel gases calorific value＞5000kj, has realized that not only offal replaces the coal power conversion, and has reduced the flue-cured tobacco cost, turn waste into wealth, and has stopped offal and has burned pollution to atmosphere.
6, do not establish combustion gas cooling, purification facility, promptly do not have secondary water and pollute.
The biomass block gasification back that the present invention can make tobacco stem waste and other agricultural crop straws or forestry waste generates hot combustion gas and directly sends into system and device and the technology that boiler replaces coal burning; The present invention has simultaneously also solved present fixed bed biomass gasification intermittent duty and fresh water (FW) secondary pollution problem.
The present invention can not only be fuel with the offal, and can also be fuel with straw briquetting, wood fragments piece, is applied to flue-cured tobacco industry, medicine company, sugar industry, forestry and resourceful unit of allogenic material and zone, conversion ratio＞80%, no noxious gas emission.
The present invention directly utilizes tobacco stem waste or rice husk, shell, wooden unit, wood chip, biomass density piece or the various agricultural crop straws after pulverizing processing to be fuel, replace the coal supply thermal source, overcome the requirement of fluid bed to fuel particle degree harshness, solved the difficult problem that fixed bed only limits to intermittent duty, and heating gas directly provides thermal source for boiler, not only energy-conservation but also environmental protection.
Operation principle of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention adopts fixed bed downdraft vaporous form, offal drops into gasification furnace by crane, and under the effect of combustion gas air-introduced machine, air charge level in stove sucks, the ground fire has been lighted fuel, fuel in the gasification furnace forms thermal chemical reaction naturally, and fuel has promptly evaporated the moisture in the fuel through drying layer, absorbs heat, temperature is about 300 °, through the destructive distillation layer, temperature is raised to about 450 °, and part tar resolves into gas, through oxide layer, oxygen here burns down, and generates CO2, emits a large amount of heats simultaneously, temperature up to 1000 ° about, enter reducing zone, CO2 and H2C are reduced into CO and H2 here, carry out the endothermic reaction, temperature is reduced to about 800 °, pass the secondarily cracking tar funnel of full red-hot charcoal, the tar in the gas not only obtains further cracking, also is that CO and H2 generation CH4 has created condition.Setting gauge shakeouts crane continuously to the fuel of gasification furnace input, and plough the plough bed of material with downward a plurality of fixed target nails, can guarantee that charge level advances the stability of oxygen, can in time solve threading, bridging, perforation problem that each bed of material occurs at any time again, the lower end of reducing zone is provided with the rotation fire grate, the rotation fire grate can in time be removed the lime-ash of reducing zone fuel after-flame, destroys the possibility of fuel coking.Directly send into boiler after the dedusting of high-temperature fuel gas process twice, for coal, both improved combustion gas heat energy utilization rate, reduced the energy conversion cost again with gas.The setting ash discharge of the setting of gasification furnace ash discharge passage and the first deduster ash discharge passage and not to gasification furnace and the anti-gas of first deduster, for this device continuously operation guarantee is provided.
Claims (2)
1. tobacco stem waste gasification system device, it is characterized in that: include former feed bin (4), former feed bin (4) lower end is equipped with belt conveyor (5), belt conveyor (5) end is provided with crane (7), the terminal frame of belt conveyor (5) is at the top of crane hopper (6), the discharging opening of crane (7) is connected with gasification furnace (12) by pipeline, this pipeline top is equipped with fuel economizer bank (13), the charging aperture upper end of gasification furnace (12) is equipped with safe exhaust stack (14), other three sides at gasification furnace (12) top have gasification furnace gathering hole (16), the top center of gasification furnace (12) is equipped with setting gauge (17), the lower end of setting gauge (17) is provided with parallel switch-plate, switch-plate lower surface vertical fixing has the target nail, the bottom of target nail is the gasification chamber (19) of gasification furnace (12), the bottom of gasification chamber (19) is equipped with the rotation fire grate perpendicular to the gasification furnace axis, the lower central of rotation fire grate is provided with secondarily cracking tar bucket (9), the top of secondarily cracking tar bucket (9) is connected with first deduster (23), the top of secondarily cracking tar bucket (9) links to each other with first deduster (23) upper side air inlet, the bottom of secondarily cracking tar bucket (9) is the grey chamber (8) of gasification furnace (12), the bottom in ash chamber (8) is connected with gasification furnace ash discharge screw feeder (20), gasification furnace Blowing stopper (21), gasification furnace ash bucket (22) and gasification fire grate ash machine (1), gasification furnace ash discharge screw feeder (20), gasification furnace Blowing stopper (21), gasification furnace ash bucket (22) and gasification fire grate ash machine (1) constitute gasification furnace ash discharge passage; Gasification furnace (12) is provided with cat ladder (3), operating desk (18) and gasification furnace leg (2); On the tube connector between secondarily cracking tar bucket (9) and first deduster (23) Pressure gauge (15) is installed, first deduster (23) is provided with the first deduster leg, first deduster (23) bottom is connected with the first deduster ash discharge screw feeder (24), the first deduster Blowing stopper (26), first dust collector ash hopper (27) and the first deduster ash ejector (25), the first deduster ash discharge screw feeder (24), the first deduster Blowing stopper (26), first dust collector ash hopper (27) and the first deduster ash ejector (25) constitute the first deduster ash discharge passage, the top of first deduster (23) is connected with second deduster (28), the top of first deduster (23) links to each other with second deduster (28) upper side air inlet, second deduster (28) is provided with the second deduster leg (29), second deduster (28) bottom is provided with ash-valve, the top of second deduster (28) is connected with combustion gas air-introduced machine (31), the top of second deduster (28) links to each other with the air inlet of combustion gas air-introduced machine (31), the gas outlet of combustion gas air-introduced machine (31) is connected with water seal converter (43), the gas outlet of combustion gas air-introduced machine (31) links to each other by tube connector with water seal converter (43) one sides, one side of this tube connector is provided with the first water seal venting of dust explosion device (32) and water seal emptying device (38), water seal emptying device (38) top is equipped with water seal emptying device evacuated tube (34), water seal converter (43) opposite side is connected with burner (55) by the gas connection pipe road, one side in this section gas connection pipe road is provided with the second water seal venting of dust explosion device (47), the first water seal venting of dust explosion device (32), water seal emptying device (38), be separately installed with the first water seal venting of dust explosion device liquid level gauge (63) on the water seal converter (43) and the second water seal venting of dust explosion device (47), water seal emptying device liquid level gauge (62), water seal converter liquid level gauge (61), the second water seal venting of dust explosion device liquid level gauge (60), its water inlet pipe separately all links to each other with upper water box, its outlet pipe separately all flows to cistern, its separately water inlet pipe and outlet pipe on electric butterfly valve and Hand-operated butterfly valve all are installed, be provided with immersible pump in the cistern, the drainpipe of immersible pump links to each other with the upper water box top, and the gas connection pipe road is equipped with magnetic valve (49) in the back of second water seal venting of dust explosion device (47) opening; Burner (55) front end is provided with combustion gas gas-distributing fan (56).
2. by the tobacco stem waste gasification production technology of the described system and device realization of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the processing step that gasification is produced is as follows:
1) prepare before the operation:
(1) prepares enough former feed bin raw material, accomplish that start gets final product material loading;
(2) open the electric cabinet master switch and connect power supply, open the air supply pipe magnetic valve;
(3) check venting of dust explosion water tank and cistern water level, close after adding by designated water level when not enough;
(4) assert that trying firearm closes;
(5) identification boiler gas burner cuts out;
(6) check that respectively go out ash system has or not lime-ash delay or case, pipe to damage, and guarantees respectively to go out the unobstructed nothing of ash system and leaks;
(7) check rotation fire grate situation, guarantee that rotation fire grate body is intact, bed of material perforation influences combustion gas quality in the stove in order to avoid the distortion of rotation fire grate causes;
(8) check that each is manual and the motor-driven valve switch has or not malfunctioning or circuit virtually connects, guarantee that its switch that is quick on the draw puts in place;
(9) start each motor device, guarantee all to rotate flexibly, subsequently it is closed;
(10) ready living beings evenly are layered on the rotation fire grate, it is thick to be less than 200mm;
(11) check pressure vacuum gauge, judge its reaction sensitivity;
(12) water seal emptying device water level is reduced the 380mm water column, water seal converter water level is improved the 380mm water column, make unit operation be in emptying state;
2) offal gasification and air feed:
(1) start by sequence belt conveyor, crane and setting gauge are no more than water content 18% offal and drop into gasification furnace, suspend material loading when the offal fuel height reaches 400-500mm approximately;
(2) first-class bed material is flattened and spreads in fact, be layered on the soft kindling of preprepared on the charge level uniformly again;
(3) start the combustion gas air-introduced machine, original frequency is set at 12 hertz;
(4) light and drop into the kindling that ignites in the stove behind the easy biomass-burning;
(5) stir kindling material with operation hoe and make after kindling is all lighted the bed material charge level in the stove, restart belt conveyor, crane and setting gauge and continue to feed intake;
(6) behind combustion gas air-introduced machine operation 3min, open the examination firearm and light combustion gas, assert that the full and flare of examination firearm flame is stable after, open the combustor air inlet valve, open the combustion gas gas-distributing fan simultaneously;
(7) water seal converter water level is reduced the 380mm water column, water seal emptying device water level is improved the 380mm water column, make unit be in operation air feed state, beginning is to the boiler supplying combustion gas;
(8) in second time material loading, observe Pressure gauge, appropriateness strengthened combustion gas air-introduced machine frequency when negative pressure was low;
(9) after bed depth surpasses the setting gauge switch-plate, start the rotation fire grate ash that falls, start ash discharge screw feeder, Blowing stopper and ash ejector ash discharge;
(10) according to the combustion gas quality of thermal technology state, the demonstration of examination firearm in the stove of gasifier temperature sensor demonstration and the degree of the offal burning that lime-ash reacts, adjustment combustion gas air-introduced machine, belt conveyor and rotation fire grate frequency are set after unit produces the air feed optimum state;
3) the gasification air feed finishes:
(1) stops to gasify before the air feed, close setting gauge after throwing last defective material to gasification furnace in advance, fuel continues gasification in the stove, after judging examination firearm flare instability, water seal emptying device water level is reduced to the unit operation emptying state, water seal converter water level is risen to the unit operation emptying state;
(2) close boiler room combustor air inlet valve and combustion gas gas-distributing fan;
(3) magnetic valve is in power down mode;
(4) startup next time is no more than 24h as unit;
A, combustion gas air-introduced machine frequency is reduced to 5 hertz, close behind the 5min;
B, close ash discharge screw feeder, Blowing stopper and ash ejector;
C, clean out the raw material that drops on the hopper periphery;
D, cleaning Blowing stopper and on-the-spot lime-ash;
E, close the electric butterfly valve on each motor and the gas pipeline;
F, close microcomputer and electric cabinet battery main switch;
(5) long at interval start-up time next time as unit:
A, belt conveyor hopper raw material is all dropped into gasification furnace and closes belt conveyor, crane and setting gauge one by one;
B, treat that fuel gasification finishes in the stove after, combustion gas air-introduced machine frequency is reduced to 5 hertz;
C, adjusting rotation fire grate frequency are closed the rotation fire grate with operating after shovel is removed the lime-ash that rotates on the fire grate;
D, close the combustion gas air-introduced machine;
E, treat that gasification furnace and the first deduster lime-ash are removed after, close each motor of soot cleaning system, remove to close behind the second deduster dust and let out the ash door.
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| CN 200910016957 CN101592335B (en) | 2009-06-30 | 2009-06-30 | Tobacco stem waste gasification system device and production technology thereof |
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| CN 200910016957 CN101592335B (en) | 2009-06-30 | 2009-06-30 | Tobacco stem waste gasification system device and production technology thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101904555B (en) * | 2010-06-26 | 2012-02-29 | 刘善华 | Tobacco stalk and tobacco stem gasification tobacco drying series device |
| CN101915424A (en) * | 2010-09-25 | 2010-12-15 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Method for utilizing industrial solid tobacco waste |
| CN102322645B (en) * | 2011-10-08 | 2013-04-24 | 张务谨 | Boiler heating system device |
| CN108728173A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2018-11-02 | 青岛冠宝林活性炭有限公司 | A kind of vertical type biomass gasification installation |
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| CN1241613A (en) * | 1998-07-15 | 2000-01-19 | 丁宁 | Concentrated straw fuel gas supplying equipment and technology |
| CN1304975A (en) * | 2000-10-11 | 2001-07-25 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | Process for preparing fuel gas by gasifying life garbage and its compound gasifying reactor |
| CN1485415A (en) * | 2002-09-28 | 2004-03-31 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Cracking purification method for combustible gas produced by gasifying crude material |
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