CN101579804B - Integral forming method of large size thin-walled titanium alloy cylindrical part without welding line - Google Patents
Integral forming method of large size thin-walled titanium alloy cylindrical part without welding line Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an integral forming method of a large size thin-walled titanium alloy cylindrical part without a welding line. The integral forming method comprises the following steps of: (1) tube blank preparation by stamping; (2) high-temperature vacuum heat treatment; (3) heating power spinning thinning; (4) unheating power spinning diameter expanding; (5) repetitive and alternate conduction of steps (3) and (4) for 2-3 times; (6) high-temperature vacuum heat treatment; (7) finish turning treatment; and (8) stabilizing treatment. The integral forming method prepares the large size thin-walled titanium alloy cylindrical part without the welding line (wall thickness is 1-7mm) which has high precision and high performance by utilizing titanium alloy plates and adopting a composite technique combining a stamping method, a spinning method and a stabilizing treatment method, and solves the problems of low material utilization ratio, having longitudinal welding lines, low precisionof tube performance and the like in the forging and roll bending welding forming of the large size titanium alloy thin-walled tubes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of titanium alloy cylindrical part manufacture method, be specifically related to a kind of large size thin-walled titanium alloy cylindrical part without welding line integral forming method.
Background technology
Titanium alloy cylindrical part has extensive use on military and civilian's product.But titanium alloy cylindrical part shapes very difficulty, especially large scale, thin-wall product.
Document " application study of titanium alloy moulding process on cruising missile " has been reported two hemisphere spares of the TC4 titanium alloy storage sphere of the refreshing intercontinental missile in external universe, adopts plate and hot spinning to be shaped, and heating-up temperature is 535 ℃～595 ℃.Adopt plate blank and shear spinning method, a time mould pressing titanium alloy jet pipe parts, the hot spinning temperature is 750 ℃～850 ℃.Adopt the thick TC4 titanium alloy sheet (the attenuation rate is 30%～50%) of shear spinning method processing 7.9mm to be cone in addition, under 810 ℃ of temperature, this preformed blank hot spinning is configured as oval or hemispheric vessel head then.But all do not mention concrete technological process in the report, do not appear in the newspapers yet and adopt TC4 sheet material mould pressing cylindrical member.
In the document " TC3 Spinning of Barrel-type Part with Titanium Alloy be shaped and performance " with diameter Ф 300mm, the sheet material of wall thickness 9mm, be spun into Tapered Cup earlier, be spun into the cylindrical member of internal diameter Ф 162～163mm, wall thickness 2～2.5mm, length 270～360mm again, 600～700 ℃ of material heating-up temperatures, again spinning spare is carried out stress relief annealing and Vehicle Processing at last, 550 ℃ of insulations of stress relief annealing standard two hours, stove is chilled to below 150 ℃ and comes out of the stove.
With diameter Ф 605mm, the sheet material of wall thickness 6mm revolves through general, revolves by force in the document " hot spinning of TC3 hemisphere-shaped workpiece is shaped ", and Vehicle Processing becomes internal diameter Ф 522mm, the hemisphere spare of wall thickness 2mm again.80～150 ℃ of core preheat temperatures, 600～700 ℃ of blank heating-up temperatures.
Will long 820mm, wall thickness 13mm in the document " research of thin-walled long cylinder spinning process ", the long 3000mm of tubular blank mould pressing of internal diameter Ф 288mm, the part of wall thickness 3.2mm, external diameter 295.5mm, material is a seamless steel pipe.
The technology that adopts volume to weld base---flow turning---machined outer surface in the document " research of major diameter titanium matter cylindrical shell spinning process " is tested, and concrete technological process is: plate cutting, and------the volume circle---welds---seam inspection---school circle---check---flow turning---check---machined---check to dig bevel for welding.The material that adopts is a TA2 sheet material, finally revolves accessory size internal diameter Ф 1492mm, wall thickness 12mm, the length 1410mm of system, 350～450 ℃ of heating-up temperatures.
Do not see the bibliographical information that titanium alloy plate is prepared into large size, thin walled seamless cylindrical member (tubing) at present both at home and abroad.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of manufacturing high accuracy, high-performance, diameter at 400～800mm, length at 200～500mm, wall thickness large size thin-walled titanium alloy cylindrical part without welding line integral forming method at 1～7mm.
Realize the technical scheme of the object of the invention: a kind of large size thin-walled titanium alloy cylindrical part without welding line integral forming method, earlier titanium alloy plate is processed into the plectane blank, its this method is carried out as follows:
(1) punching press prepares pipe: glassing coating 0.05～0.1mm on above-mentioned plectane blank, and then the plectane blank is put into heating furnace and be heated to 700～900 ℃, take out punching stretch immediately, after being lower than 700 ℃, the plectane blank temperature stops punching press; Above-mentioned repeatedly again heating punching course 2～7 times is until making satisfactory tubular pipe;
(2) high-temperature vacuum heat treatment: the tubular pipe that step (1) punching press is made carries out high vacuum heat treatment, and vacuum is less than 1 * 10
-3Pa, temperature is 750～800 ℃, temperature retention time is 1～4h, stove cooling then;
(3) attenuate is revolved in heating by force: adopt double rotary wheel or three spinning roller spinning modes, at the deflection of tubular pipe temperature during at 500～900 ℃, with 25～50% step (2) gained tubular pipe is revolved attenuate by force;
(4) do not heat and revolve hole enlargement by force: after step (3) heating was revolved attenuate by force and finished, the pipe that the revolves system spinning mandrel of not backing off did not heat, and revolves expanding bulging by force;
(5) hocket repeatedly step (3) and step (4) 2～3 times;
(6) high-temperature vacuum heat treatment: the tubular tubing that step (5) is made carries out the high-temperature vacuum annealing in process again, and vacuum is less than 1 * 10
-2Pa, temperature is at 720～800 ℃, and insulation is at 1～4h, and stove cools off then;
(7) finish turning processing is handled: the tubular tubing that step (6) is obtained directly carries out finish turning processing processing;
(8) stabilization processes: the tubular tubing that step (7) is obtained carries out stabilization processes at last, is warming up to 480～500 ℃ at 1～2h inner cylindrical tubing with stove, insulation 3.5～4h, stove cooling.
Aforesaid a kind of large size thin-walled titanium alloy cylindrical part without welding line integral forming method, when its described step (3) heating is revolved attenuate by force, earlier core is heated to more than 100 ℃, loads onto the tubular pipe then, carry out spinning after being heated to whole tubular pipe more than 500 ℃ again.
Aforesaid a kind of large size thin-walled titanium alloy cylindrical part without welding line integral forming method, its described step (4) does not heat when revolving hole enlargement by force, compare with the attenuate that revolves by force of step (3), the crack reduces 0.2～0.4mm between its spinning roller and the core, feed ratio reduces 0.3～0.5 times.
Effect of the present invention is: the inventive method has solved the deficiency of existing large size thin-walled titanium alloy tubing manufacturing technology, a kind of manufacture method of large size, thin walled seamless titanium alloy tubing is provided, thereby overcome existing forging, Sheet Metal Forming Technology can not be made, roll curved welding and have longitudinal seam again, the shortcoming that performance is lower.The present invention utilizes titanium alloy plate, the combination technological method that employing combines press-processing method, spin forming method and stabilization processes method, prepare high accuracy, high performance and big size thin-wall seamless titanium alloy cylindrical part (wall thickness is 1～7mm), its solved the large scale titanium alloy thin-walled tube stock forge processing and roll curved welding processing be shaped in problems such as low, the band longitudinal seam of stock utilization, pipe performance precision are low.The present invention adopts spin forming method, and it at first heats and revolves the made tubular base of attenuate punching press by force, does not heat then, and the surplus temperature when utilizing heating to revolve is by force revolved expanding bulging by force.Heating is revolved attenuate by force and is not heated and revolves two operations of hole enlargement by force and repeatedly hocket repeatedly, finally revolve and make large size, thin walled seamless titanium alloy tubing, blank difficult flowed, easy fracture, instead squeezes, rises stupefied and technical problem such as mould pressing tubular tubing precision control difficulty when it had solved large scale titanium alloy thin wall cylindrical member spinning, had broken through large scale titanium alloy thin-walled tube stock mould pressing key technology.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a large size thin-walled titanium alloy cylindrical part without welding line integral forming method process chart of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments a kind of large size thin-walled titanium alloy cylindrical part without welding line integral forming method of the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1
Adopt the inventive method to make the large size thin-walled titanium alloy cylindrical part without welding line integral forming method of diameter 600mm, length 400mm, wall thickness 2mm, as shown in Figure 1, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) plate cutting: adopt prior art to calculate required titanium alloy plate diameter, then titanium alloy plate is processed into the plectane blank according to prepared tubing size dimension;
(2) punching press prepares pipe: coat the glass dust coating 0.05mm that prevents the titanium alloy oxidation and inhale hydrogen on the plectane blank, then the plectane blank is put into heating furnace and be heated to 800 ℃, take out punching stretch immediately, blank temperature stops punching press after being lower than 700 ℃, above-mentioned repeatedly again heating punching course 3 times is until being prepared into the tubular pipe.
(3) high-temperature vacuum heat treatment: the made tubular pipe of punching press is carried out high vacuum heat treatment, 770 ℃ of temperature, temperature retention time 2h, vacuum is less than 1 * 10
-3Pa, the stove cooling.By the heat treatment of this step high-temperature vacuum, can eliminate the residual stress and the work hardening phenomenon of stamping procedure, remove issuable suction hydrogen in the punching course simultaneously, improve material plasticity, so that the next procedure mould pressing.
(4) attenuate is revolved in heating by force: adopt bispin wheel load mode, the deflection with 30% revolves attenuate by force.At first need during spinning core is heated to 150 ℃, load onto the tubular pipe then, carry out spinning after more whole tubular pipe being heated to 600 ℃.
(5) do not heat and revolve hole enlargement by force: after heating strong lathe turner's preface and finishing, revolve system the pipe spinning mandrel of not backing off, and the heating relatively revolves by force that the gap reduces the 0.3mm gap between attenuate operation spinning roller and the core, feed ratio reduces 0.4 times, does not heat, and revolves expanding bulging by force.
(6) above-mentioned steps (4) heating is revolved attenuate and step (5) by force and is not heated and revolve hole enlargement by force and hocket repeatedly 2 times.Adopt this spin forming method, in the time of can solving large scale titanium alloy thin wall cylindrical member spinning blank difficult flow, easy fracture, anti-squeeze, rise stupefied, and help improving part and paste element precisions such as tire degree, linearity, evenness of wall thickness, thereby solve technical problems such as tubular tubing spinning precision control difficulty, broken through large size thin-walled titanium alloy tubing mould pressing key technology.
(7) high-temperature vacuum heat treatment: will carry out the high-temperature vacuum annealing in process again through the tubular tubing of mould pressing, heating-up temperature is incubated 2h at 770 ℃, and vacuum is less than 1 * 10
-2Pa, the stove cooling.By this step high-temperature vacuum annealing in process, the residual stress and the work hardening phenomenon of workpiece after the elimination shear spinning are so that engineering is used.
(8) finish turning processing is handled: above-mentioned high-temperature vacuum heat treatment tubular tubing is directly carried out finish turning processing handle.Because spinning tubing is thinner, and good rigidly, thus directly finish turning to add man-hour allowance little, vibration, make a concession, distortion is all very little, thereby make tubing reach the high dimension precision and the accuracy of form and position, and surface smoothness.
(9) stabilization processes: at last tubing member is carried out stabilization processes, stablize the size and the performance of large scale, thin-wall tube-shaped tubing.Treatment process be cylindrical pipes with 1h to 480 ℃ of stove intensification, insulation 4h, stove cooling.By this technology, stablized the size and the structure property of tubing, thereby improved product quality.
Diameter 600mm, the length 400mm that above-mentioned employing the present invention invention makes, the large size thin-walled titanium alloy cylindrical part without welding line of wall thickness 2mm, it compared with prior art has following advantage:
(1) improve more than 20% than forged material utilization rate, cost reduces more than 30%;
(2) performance yield strength σ 〉=900mPa, percentage elongation δ 〉=10% improves more than the 60mPa than rolling curved welding;
(3) dimensional accuracy height, diameter tolerance 0～0.4mm (Ф
600 + 0.4),
Than thick 0～0.2mm (2
0 + 0.2Mm).
Embodiment 2
Adopt the inventive method to make the large size thin-walled titanium alloy cylindrical part without welding line integral forming method of diameter 400mm, length 200mm, wall thickness 1mm, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) plate cutting: adopt prior art to calculate required titanium alloy plate diameter, then titanium alloy plate is processed into the plectane blank according to prepared tubing size dimension;
(2) punching press prepares pipe: coat the glass dust coating 0.1mm that prevents the titanium alloy oxidation and inhale hydrogen on the plectane blank, then the plectane blank is put into heating furnace and be heated to 700 ℃, take out punching stretch immediately, blank temperature stops punching press after being lower than 600 ℃, above-mentioned repeatedly heating punching course 2 times is until being prepared into the tubular pipe.
(3) high-temperature vacuum heat treatment: the made tubular pipe of punching press is carried out high vacuum heat treatment, 750 ℃ of temperature, temperature retention time 1h, vacuum is less than 1 * 10
-3Pa, the stove cooling.
(4) attenuate is revolved in heating by force: adopt three spinning rollers to press mode, revolve attenuate by force at the deflection of tubular pipe temperature during at 500 ℃, with 25%.
(5) do not heat and revolve hole enlargement by force: after heating strong lathe turner's preface and finishing, revolve system the pipe spinning mandrel of not backing off, and the heating relatively revolves by force that the gap reduces the 0.2mm gap between attenuate operation spinning roller and the core, feed ratio reduces 0.3 times, does not heat, and revolves expanding bulging by force.
(6) above-mentioned steps (4) heating is revolved attenuate and step (5) by force and is not heated and revolve hole enlargement by force and hocket repeatedly 2 times.
(7) high-temperature vacuum heat treatment: will carry out the high-temperature vacuum annealing in process again through the tubular tubing of mould pressing, heating-up temperature is incubated 1h at 720 ℃, and vacuum is less than 1 * 10
-2Pa, the stove cooling.
(8) finish turning processing is handled: above-mentioned high-temperature vacuum heat treatment tubular tubing is directly carried out finish turning processing handle.
(9) stabilization processes: at last tubing member is carried out stabilization processes, stable treatment technique be workpiece with 1h to 480 ℃ of stove intensification, insulation 3.5h, stove cooling.
Embodiment 3
Adopt the inventive method to make the large size thin-walled titanium alloy cylindrical part without welding line integral forming method of diameter 800mm, length 500mm, wall thickness 7mm, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) plate cutting: adopt prior art to calculate required titanium alloy plate diameter, then titanium alloy plate is processed into the plectane blank according to prepared tubing size dimension;
(2) punching press prepares pipe: coat the glass dust coating 0.08mm that prevents the titanium alloy oxidation and inhale hydrogen on the plectane blank, then the plectane blank is put into heating furnace and be heated to 900 ℃, take out punching stretch immediately, blank temperature stops punching press after being lower than 700 ℃, above-mentioned repeatedly again heating punching course 7 times is until being prepared into the tubular pipe.
(3) high-temperature vacuum heat treatment: the made tubular pipe of punching press is carried out high vacuum heat treatment, 800 ℃ of temperature, temperature retention time 4h, vacuum is less than 1 * 10
-3Pa, the stove cooling.
(4) attenuate is revolved in heating by force: adopt bispin wheel load mode, the deflection with 40% revolves attenuate by force.At first need during spinning core is heated to 100 ℃, load onto the tubular pipe then, carry out spinning after more whole tubular pipe being heated to 900 ℃.
(5) do not heat and revolve hole enlargement by force: after heating strong lathe turner's preface and finishing, revolve system the pipe spinning mandrel of not backing off, and the heating relatively revolves by force that the gap reduces the 0.4mm gap between attenuate operation spinning roller and the core, feed ratio reduces 0.5 times, does not heat, and revolves expanding bulging by force.
(6) above-mentioned steps (4) heating is revolved attenuate and step (5) by force and is not heated and revolve hole enlargement by force and hocket repeatedly 3 times.
(7) high-temperature vacuum heat treatment: will carry out the high-temperature vacuum annealing in process again through the tubular tubing of mould pressing, heating-up temperature is incubated 4h at 800 ℃, and vacuum is less than 1 * 10
-2Pa, the stove cooling.
(8) finish turning processing is handled: above-mentioned high-temperature vacuum heat treatment tubular tubing is directly carried out finish turning processing handle.
(9) stabilization processes: at last tubing member is carried out stabilization processes, steady treatment process be cylindrical member with 2h to 500 ℃ of stove intensification, insulation 4.5h, stove cooling.
Embodiment 4
Adopt the inventive method to make the large size thin-walled titanium alloy cylindrical part without welding line integral forming method of diameter 600mm, length 300mm, wall thickness 4mm, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) plate cutting: adopt prior art to calculate required titanium alloy plate diameter, then titanium alloy plate is processed into the plectane blank according to prepared tubing size dimension;
(2) punching press prepares pipe: coat the glass dust coating 0.06mm that prevents the titanium alloy oxidation and inhale hydrogen on the plectane blank, then the plectane blank is put into heating furnace and be heated to 750 ℃, take out punching stretch immediately, blank temperature stops punching press after being lower than 500 ℃, above-mentioned repeatedly again heating punching course 3 times is until being prepared into the tubular pipe.
(3) high-temperature vacuum heat treatment: the made tubular pipe of punching press is carried out high vacuum heat treatment, 760 ℃ of temperature, temperature retention time 3h, vacuum is less than 1 * 10
-3Pa, the stove cooling.
(4) attenuate is revolved in heating by force: adopt bispin wheel load mode, the deflection with 50% revolves attenuate by force.At first need during spinning core is heated to 200 ℃, load onto the tubular pipe then, carry out spinning after more whole tubular pipe being heated to 700 ℃.
(5) do not heat and revolve hole enlargement by force: after heating strong lathe turner's preface and finishing, revolve system the pipe spinning mandrel of not backing off, and the heating relatively revolves by force that the gap reduces the 0.3mm gap between attenuate operation spinning roller and the core, feed ratio reduces 0.4 times, does not heat, and revolves expanding bulging by force.
(6) above-mentioned steps (4) heating is revolved attenuate and step (5) by force and is not heated and revolve hole enlargement by force and hocket repeatedly 3 times.
(7) high-temperature vacuum heat treatment: will carry out the high-temperature vacuum annealing in process again through the tubular tubing of mould pressing, heating-up temperature is incubated 3h at 760 ℃, and vacuum is less than 1 * 10
-2Pa, the stove cooling.
(8) finish turning processing is handled: above-mentioned high-temperature vacuum heat treatment tubular tubing is directly carried out finish turning processing handle.
(9) stabilization processes: at last tubing member is carried out stabilization processes, treatment process be tubular tubing with 1h to 480 ℃ of stove intensification, insulation 4h, stove cooling.
Claims (3)
1. a large size thin-walled titanium alloy cylindrical part without welding line integral forming method is processed into the plectane blank with titanium alloy plate earlier, it is characterized in that this method is carried out as follows:
(1) punching press prepares pipe: be coated with the glass dust coating 0.05～0.1mm that prevents the titanium alloy oxidation and inhale hydrogen on above-mentioned plectane blank, then the plectane blank is put into heating furnace and be heated to 700～900 ℃, take out punching stretch immediately, after the plectane blank temperature is lower than 700 ℃, stop punching press; Above-mentioned repeatedly again heating punching course 2～7 times is until making the tubular pipe;
(2) high-temperature vacuum heat treatment: the tubular pipe that step (1) punching press is made carries out high vacuum heat treatment, and vacuum is less than 1 * 10
-3Pa, temperature is 750～800 ℃, temperature retention time is 1～4h, stove cooling then;
(3) attenuate is revolved in heating by force: adopt double rotary wheel or three spinning roller spinning modes, at the deflection of tubular pipe temperature during at 500～900 ℃, with 25～50% step (2) gained tubular pipe is revolved attenuate by force;
(4) do not heat and revolve hole enlargement by force: after step (3) heating was revolved attenuate by force and finished, the pipe that the revolves system spinning mandrel of not backing off did not heat, and revolves expanding bulging by force;
(5) hocket repeatedly step (3) and step (4) 2～3 times;
(6) high-temperature vacuum heat treatment: the tubular tubing that step (5) is made carries out the high-temperature vacuum annealing in process again, and vacuum is less than 1 * 10
-2Pa, temperature is at 720～800 ℃, and insulation is at 1～4h, and stove cools off then;
(7) finish turning processing is handled: the tubular tubing that step (6) is obtained directly carries out finish turning processing processing;
(8) stabilization processes: the tubular tubing that step (7) is obtained carries out stabilization processes at last, is warming up to 480～500 ℃ at 1～2h inner cylindrical tubing with stove, insulation 3.5～4h, stove cooling.
2. a kind of large size thin-walled titanium alloy cylindrical part without welding line integral forming method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when described step (3) heating is revolved attenuate by force, earlier core is heated to more than 100 ℃, load onto the tubular pipe then, carry out spinning after being heated to whole tubular pipe more than 500 ℃ again.
3. a kind of large size thin-walled titanium alloy cylindrical part without welding line integral forming method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described step (4) does not heat when revolving hole enlargement by force, compare with the attenuate that revolves by force of step (3), the crack reduces 0.2～0.4mm between its spinning roller and the core, feed ratio reduces 0.3～0.5 times.
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| CN102773303B (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2014-07-30 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Copper nickel alloy large-size thick-wall seamless pipe manufacturing process |
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