CN101576636B - Tunable fiber F-P cavity filter - Google Patents
Tunable fiber F-P cavity filter Download PDFInfo
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- CN101576636B CN101576636B CN200810106218XA CN200810106218A CN101576636B CN 101576636 B CN101576636 B CN 101576636B CN 200810106218X A CN200810106218X A CN 200810106218XA CN 200810106218 A CN200810106218 A CN 200810106218A CN 101576636 B CN101576636 B CN 101576636B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tunable fiber F-P cavity filter, which comprises a packaging box (1), a semiconductor refrigeration device (12), a structural block (4), piezoelectric ceramics (10), a temperature measurement element (8), a heat-resistant material (9), a jacket (6), a first optical fiber (2), a second optical fiber (13) and an F-P cavity, wherein the packaging box (1) consists of a metal or ceramic material; the semiconductor refrigeration device (12) is fixed in the packaging box (1); the structural block (4), the piezoelectric ceramics (10), the temperature measurement element (8) and the heat-resistant material (9) are fixed on the semiconductor refrigeration device (12); the jacket (6) is sealed through an epoxy resin pasting material and is fixed on the structural block (4) provided with a spherical through hole; the first optical fiber (2) is fixed in the jacket (6) through a first optical-fiber contact pin (5); the second optical fiber (13) is fixed in the jacket (6) through a second optical-fiber contact pin (7); and the F-P cavity is formed by the first optical fiber (2) and the second optical fiber (13) of which the end faces are coated with films. The tunable fiber F-P filter provided by the invention has the advantages of high resolution, large dynamic range, fast response, stable work and the like, and the performance of the F-P filter is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Fibre Optical Sensor and optical communication technique field, especially a kind of new property tunable fiber F-P cavity filter of high resolution wavelength good stability is mainly used in the Wavelength demodulation of wavelength-modulated type sensor.
Background technology
The F-P cavity filter is one of important devices in optical fiber sensing technology and the optical communication field.Existing F-P cavity filter typical structure as shown in Figure 1, it mainly is coated with F-P chamber that two optical fiber of reflectance coating constitute by end face and forms as the piezoelectric ceramics of control fiber end face distance (being that the chamber is long).Piezoelectric ceramics can be along with control signal generation deformation, thereby control F-P cavity filter chamber is long, and the transmission peak wavelength in F-P chamber will change along with the change of control signal like this.When the control signal that is loaded is a cyclical signal, can realize the cyclical variation of output wavelength.
The ultimate principle of F-P cavity filter is: when directional light incides the F-P chamber, have only the light ability outgoing of the specific wavelength that satisfies coherent condition.Its distribution function of F-P cavity filter is
Wherein, F=4R/ (1-R
2), R is the reflectivity of wave filter,
L is that filter cavity is long.
Because the F-P cavity filter is by piezoelectric ceramics control, so performance of piezoelectric ceramics must have influence on the performance of F-P cavity filter.Piezoelectric ceramics is a kind of dielectric, and dielectric has two kinds of effects, i.e. inverse piezoelectric effect and electrostrictive effect under effect of electric field.Strain takes place in piezoelectric ceramics under effect of electric field, the size of strain and the pass of electric field are:
Δ L represents the piezoelectric ceramics displacement in the formula (2); DE is an inverse piezoelectric effect, ME
2It is electrostrictive effect; D is piezoelectric modulus (m/V); M is the electrostriction coefficient (m of unit
2/ V
2); E is electric field intensity (V/m of unit); Q
rBe the residual charge after the polarization; ε is the specific inductive capacity of piezoelectric ceramics; ε
0Specific inductive capacity for vacuum; K is the elastic modulus of piezoelectric ceramics.The inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramics and electrostrictive effect are exactly that dielectric produces polarization in essence under effect of electric field, produce deformation under the effect of electric field force, show as electromechanical Coupling on macroscopic view.The fundamental characteristics of piezoelectric ceramics comprises displacement and lagging characteristics, creep properties and temperature characterisitic etc.Therefore the F-P cavity filter also can show non-linear, lagging characteristics, creep properties and temperature characterisitic
The most important characteristic of F-P cavity filter is the relation of its transmitted light centre wavelength and voltage.It is linear that ideally this relation is considered to, and perhaps is equivalent to and thinks that the displacement of piezoelectric ceramics and the relation of voltage are linear, promptly thinks piezoelectric modulus and independent from voltage.By the relation of the displacement of sheet-type piezoelectric ceramics and voltage promptly:
ΔL=-d
11LU/d (3)
Obtain the centre wavelength of F-P cavity filter and the pass of voltage is by formula (3), (4)
Generally the deformation and the variation of temperature value that produce when temperature variation of material is proportional, i.e. Δ L=D Δ T, and D is the linear expansion coefficient of material.But temperature shows two aspects to the influence of piezoelectric ceramics:
1), polar expansion, this is meant the characteristic that piezoelectric ceramics extends along with variation of temperature, higfh-tension ceramics commonly used and low pressure ceramic linear expansion coefficient in its operating temperature range is respectively 11 * 10
-6/ ℃ and-3.5 * 10
-6/ ℃.Along with variation of temperature, its linear expansion coefficient also has small variation;
2), temperature is to the influence of piezoelectric effect, the output displacement of piezoelectric/electrostrictive porcelain reduces with the increase of temperature, piezoelectric ceramics to reduce amplitude less, in 0 ℃~50 ℃ scopes, reduce 5%~8%, it is bigger that electrostriction ceramics reduces amplitude, decrease also changes with temperature in the sluggishness of 65% piezoelectric/electrostrictive porcelain in 0 ℃~50 ℃ scopes, and the variation of piezoelectric ceramics is less, and the variation of electrostriction ceramics is bigger.So temperature and piezoelectric ceramics displacement relation are not linear relationship, this relation that just means temperature and F-P cavity filter centre wavelength also can show non-linear.
The performance of fiber F-P cavity filter is often with temperature and to add thermal history relevant.This is because ε item and place temperature and to add thermal history relevant in the relational expression of the displacement of piezoelectric ceramics and voltage, thereby temperature can cause existing non-linear and lag loop in the relation curve of the displacement of piezoelectric ceramics and voltage, and then influences the performance of F-P cavity filter.
In addition, the fiber end face of F-P cavity filter and cavity mostly are multilayer film and pile up formation, temperature variation can be bigger to the influence of filter transmission interference pattern, make centre of homology wavelength with temperature drift, the instability that causes the wavelength voltage relationship of F-P cavity filter, and its optical property can be because of performance degradations such as the drift of aging generative center wavelength of time and the increases of transmission spectrum width.
Thus, the performance of F-P cavity filter and temperature, to add factors such as thermal history relevant, and these factors can influence the performance of F-P cavity filter.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical matters that will solve
In view of this, in order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, fundamental purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of tunable fiber F-P cavity filter, to improve the performance of F-P wave filter.
(2) technical scheme
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is such:
A kind of tunable fiber F-P cavity filter comprises:
The enclosure 1 that constitutes by metal or stupalith;
Be fixed in the semiconductor cooler 12 in the enclosure 1;
Be fixed in block structure 4, piezoelectric ceramics 10, temperature element 8 and heat proof material 9 on the semiconductor cooler 12;
By epoxy resin adhesive material sealing, and be fixed in sheath 6 on the block structure 4 that has spherical through hole;
Be fixed in first optical fiber 2 in the sheath 6 by first optical fiber contact pins 5;
Be fixed in second optical fiber 13 in the sheath 6 by second optical fiber contact pins 7; And
A F-P chamber that forms by first optical fiber 2 and second optical fiber 13 of end face coating;
Wherein, block structure 4 is made of the metal of negative expansion coefficient or piezoelectric ceramics or composite material, and this block structure 4 has through hole, and first optical fiber 2 passes through hole and is pasted on block structure 4; Piezoelectric ceramics 10 is opposite with the polarity of block structure 4 thermal expansivity, sizableness, and through hole is in sustained height on through hole on the piezoelectric ceramics 10 and the block structure 4, and the optic fibre force direction is opposite when guaranteeing the temperature rising; Sheath 6 is made of carbon nano-tube material, stupalith or the quartz material of good adiabatic function, and this sheath 6 is bonded in the spherical through hole of described block structure 4 by the little cementing agent of elastic modulus.
In addition, according to an embodiment of the invention, the end face of described first optical fiber 2 and second optical fiber 13 all is coated with the different two-layer high-reflectivity metal film of refractive index, and the end face of this plated film forms the F-P chamber relatively.
In addition, according to an embodiment of the invention, have through hole on the described piezoelectric ceramics 10, second optical fiber 13 passes through hole and is pasted on piezoelectric ceramics 10.
In addition, according to an embodiment of the invention, described temperature element 8 is fixed on the semiconductor cooler 12, the electrode of temperature element 8 is welded on the heat proof material 9, this electrode is connected with extraneous by enclosure 1, link is fixed on the enclosure 1, and after the pressurization, temperature element 8 and extraneous corresponding circuits realize the measurement of temperature in the enclosure 1 on this electrode.
In addition, according to an embodiment of the invention, described first optical fiber 2 passes enclosure 1 by first rubber sheath 3, and fixing with enclosure 1; Described second optical fiber 13 passes enclosure 1 by second rubber sheath 11, and fixing with enclosure 1.
In addition, according to an embodiment of the invention, two electrodes are fixed in described semiconductor cooler 12 two sides, this electrode is connected with extraneous lead by enclosure 1, add the positive and negative variable electric current of electric current on this electrode, can heat or freeze piezoelectric ceramics 10, realize temperature control piezoelectric ceramics 10 with temperature element 8.
In addition, according to an embodiment of the invention, described piezoelectric ceramics 10 both sides are fixed with two electrodes, this electrode is connected with extraneous lead by enclosure 1, voltage is added on the length that can change optical fiber on the electrode, and then the chamber of change F-P cavity filter is long, realizes the tuning of output wavelength.
(3) beneficial effect
1, the present invention adopts the F-P cavity filter to carry out the temperature control processing, utilize the material of negative expansion coefficient to reduce the influence of temperature to the F-P wave filter, and the F-P cavity filter carried out the heat insulation encapsulation of strict sealing, make this tunable fiber F-P cavity filter provided by the invention have the spectral range of broad and narrower tuning precision, and have good reproducibility, cost is low and advantage that can be practical, has improved the performance of F-P wave filter greatly.
2, the present invention can be applicable to sensory field of optic fibre and optical communication field middle high-resolution Wavelength demodulation device, adopt the fiber alignment of two smooth smooth plated films to be fixed on formation F-P chamber in the heat proof material sleeve pipe, wherein an optical fiber is fixed in the piezoelectric ceramics surface that has through hole, another root optical fiber is fixed on the metal or pottery of another perforate, and two optical fiber are in sustained height.The fiber F-P cavity filter internal fixation has small-sized temperature element and Thermal Electric Cooler (TEC), plays the adjustment effect.Piezoelectric ceramics is by electrifying electrodes and control, and promptly scalable fiber end face distance plays the effect of regulating output wavelength.Therefore, this tunable fiber F-P cavity filter provided by the invention has the resolution height, dynamic range is big, response speed is fast, steady operation and other merits.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of F-P cavity filter typical structure in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of tunable fiber F-P cavity filter provided by the invention.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
The present invention adopts the F-P cavity filter to carry out temperature control and handles, utilize the material of negative expansion coefficient to reduce the influence of temperature to the F-P wave filter, and the F-P cavity filter carried out the heat insulation encapsulation of strict sealing, make this F-P cavity filter provided by the invention have the spectral range of broad and narrower tuning precision, and have good reproducibility, cost is low and advantage that can be practical.
As shown in Figure 2, Fig. 2 is the structural representation of tunable fiber F-P cavity filter provided by the invention, and this F-P cavity filter comprises:
The enclosure 1 that constitutes by metal or stupalith;
Be fixed in the semiconductor cooler 12 in the enclosure 1;
Be fixed in block structure 4, piezoelectric ceramics 10, temperature element 8 and heat proof material 9 on the semiconductor cooler 12;
By epoxy resin adhesive material sealing, and be fixed in sheath 6 on the block structure 4 that has spherical through hole;
Be fixed in first optical fiber 2 in the sheath 6 by first optical fiber contact pins 5;
Be fixed in second optical fiber 13 in the sheath 6 by second optical fiber contact pins 7; And
A F-P chamber that forms by first optical fiber 2 and second optical fiber 13 of end face coating.
Thermal Electric Cooler (TEC) 12 is fixed in enclosure 1, and the block structure 4 of the negative expansion coefficient of the piezoelectric ceramics 10 of band through hole and band semi-circular through hole is fixed on the TEC, and with piezoelectric ceramics 10 at grade.Enclosure 1 is generally can or ceramic box etc.Block structure 4 generally is made of the metal of negative expansion coefficient or piezoelectric ceramics or composite material, is derby, piezoelectric ceramics block or composite material piece etc.
The sheath 6 of good adiabatic function is fixed in the semi-circular through hole of block structure 4, and the little cementing agent of coating one deck elastic modulus bonds well both on block structure 4 and sheath 6.Sheath 6 generally is made of carbon nano-tube material, stupalith or the quartz material of good adiabatic function, is carbon nano-tube, ceramic pipe or quartz ampoule etc.
First optical fiber, 2 end faces are coated with the different two-layer high-reflectivity metal films of refractive index, and first optical fiber 2 is fixed in high circularity precision and unidimensional first optical fiber contact pins, 5, the first optical fiber contact pins 5 are fixed in the sheath 6.Second optical fiber 13 has the different two-layer high-reflectivity metal films of refractive index, and second optical fiber 13 is fixed in high circularity precision and unidimensional second optical fiber contact pins, 7, the second optical fiber contact pins 7 are fixed in the sheath 6.Therefore can guarantee that two fiber cores are coaxial.
Second optical fiber 13 passes through the through hole of piezoelectric ceramics 10, and is fixed on the piezoelectric ceramics 10.
First optical fiber 2 can pass through the through hole on the block structure 4, and is pasted on the block structure 4.
On the piezoelectric ceramics 10 on through hole and the block structure 4 through hole be in sustained height, the optic fibre force direction is opposite when guaranteeing that temperature raises.Piezoelectric ceramics 10 is opposite with the polarity of block structure 4 thermal expansivity, sizableness.
First optical fiber 2 passes enclosure 1 by first rubber sheath 3, and is fixed on the enclosure 1.Second optical fiber 13 is by second rubber sheath 11 and be fixed on the enclosure, plays the effect of protection optical fiber.
TEC fixes two electrodes in 12 two sides, and electrode is connected with extraneous lead by enclosure 1, adds the positive and negative variable electric current of electric current on the electrode, and then can the heating or the refrigeration of piezoelectric ceramics 10 be realized the temperature of piezoelectric ceramics 10 is controlled with temperature element 8.
Above-described specific embodiment; purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the above only is specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being made, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a tunable fiber F-P cavity filter is characterized in that, comprising:
The enclosure (1) that constitutes by metal or stupalith;
Be fixed in the semiconductor cooler (12) in the enclosure (1);
Be fixed in block structure (4), piezoelectric ceramics (10), temperature element (8) and heat proof material (9) on the semiconductor cooler (12);
By epoxy resin adhesive material sealing, and be fixed in sheath (6) on the block structure (4) that has spherical through hole;
Be fixed in first optical fiber (2) in the sheath (6) by first optical fiber contact pins (5);
Be fixed in second optical fiber (13) in the sheath (6) by second optical fiber contact pins (7); And
A F-P chamber that forms by first optical fiber (2) of end face coating and second optical fiber (13);
Wherein, block structure (4) is made of the metal of negative expansion coefficient or piezoelectric ceramics or composite material, and this block structure (4) has through hole, and first optical fiber (2) passes through hole and is pasted on block structure (4); Piezoelectric ceramics (10) is opposite with the polarity of block structure (4) thermal expansivity, sizableness, and through hole is in sustained height on through hole on the piezoelectric ceramics (10) and the block structure (4), and the optic fibre force direction is opposite when guaranteeing the temperature rising; Sheath (6) is made of carbon nano-tube material, stupalith or the quartz material of good adiabatic function, and this sheath (6) is bonded in the spherical through hole of described block structure (4) by the little cementing agent of elastic modulus.
2. tunable fiber F-P cavity filter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the end face of described first optical fiber (2) and second optical fiber (13) all is coated with the different two-layer high-reflectivity metal film of refractive index, and the end face of this plated film forms the F-P chamber relatively.
3. tunable fiber F-P cavity filter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described piezoelectric ceramics has through hole on (10), and second optical fiber (13) passes through hole and is pasted on piezoelectric ceramics (10).
4. tunable fiber F-P cavity filter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described temperature element (8) is fixed on the semiconductor cooler (12), the electrode of temperature element (8) is welded on the heat proof material (9), this electrode is connected with extraneous by enclosure (1), link is fixed on the enclosure (1), and after the pressurization, temperature element (8) and extraneous corresponding circuits realize the measurement of the interior temperature of enclosure (1) on this electrode.
5. tunable fiber F-P cavity filter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described first optical fiber (2) passes enclosure (1) by first rubber sheath (3), and fixing with enclosure (1); Described second optical fiber (13) passes enclosure (1) by second rubber sheath (11), and fixing with enclosure (1).
6. tunable fiber F-P cavity filter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, two electrodes are fixed in described semiconductor cooler (12) two sides, this electrode is connected with extraneous lead by enclosure (1), add the positive and negative variable electric current of electric current on this electrode, can heat or freeze piezoelectric ceramics (10), realize temperature control piezoelectric ceramics (10) with temperature element (8).
7. tunable fiber F-P cavity filter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described piezoelectric ceramics (10) both sides are fixed with two electrodes, this electrode is connected with extraneous lead by enclosure (1), voltage is added on the length that can change optical fiber on the electrode, and then the chamber that changes the F-P cavity filter is long, realizes the tuning of output wavelength.
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CN102075280A (en) * | 2010-12-11 | 2011-05-25 | 浙江工业大学 | Tunable Fabry-Perot cavity-based optical wavelength exchange device |
CN102109674A (en) * | 2011-04-14 | 2011-06-29 | 福州高意通讯有限公司 | Optical fiber tunable filter and fabrication method thereof |
JP5783139B2 (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2015-09-24 | 株式会社デンソー | Fabry-Perot interferometer |
CN103116217B (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2016-12-28 | 上海浦芮斯光电科技有限公司 | A kind of adjustable etalon of wide wavelength range |
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CN109557617B (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2021-07-16 | 珠海光库科技股份有限公司 | Tunable filter |
CN109901264A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-06-18 | 中国科学技术大学 | Miniature FP chamber narrow band filter |
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