CN101574075A - Artificial propagation technology of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides and technology for applying dastarcus helophoroides for controlling mallambyx raddei - Google Patents
Artificial propagation technology of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides and technology for applying dastarcus helophoroides for controlling mallambyx raddei Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial propagation technology of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides and a technology for applying dastarcus helophoroides for controlling mallambyx raddei. The propagation technology comprises the following steps: feeding imagoes of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides in the environment with the temperature of 24-26 DEG C and the humidity of 58-62 percent and inducing the imagoes to lay eggs; and utilizing substitute hosts for propagation after larvas of the mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides are hatched to enable the larvas to be imagoes. Eggs or imagoes of the mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides can be released for controlling the mallambyx raddei when utilizing the mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides to control Quercus spp. trunk-decaying pest which is mallambyx raddei. An application method comprises following steps: eggs of the mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides are prepared into egg releasing cards to release or imagoes are prepared to be imago releasing bags to release, the egg releasing cards or the imago releasing bags can be stored at low temperature for long time for backup, and the control effect after the application is obvious. The biological control technology is environmental-friendly, protects biodiversity and can persistently and effectively prevent and control the mallambyx raddei.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biological control technology, relate to a kind of parasite--the artificial propagation of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides and the technology that is applied to prevent and treat mountain longicorn.
Background technology
Mountain longicorn is important trunk borer, and the trunk of main harm Quercus tree wood (Quercus spp.) comprises Mongolian oak (Quercus mongolicus), Liaoning oak (Q.liaotungensis), Quercus acutissima seeds such as (Q.acutissima).In the robur trunk of being injured, the longicorn tunnel is crisscross, is cellular, has lost value fully.
Because the mountain longicorn development duration is long, needed 3 years just can finish a generation, its most of the time in life is a larval stage, moth food xylem harm in the burrow in trunk, the disguised life of row.In the prior art, mainly prevent and treat, be difficult to prevent and treat this insect with conventional method by chemical control (inserting poison label and punching injection).
There is following shortcoming at least in above-mentioned prior art:
Can obtain certain preventive effect though insert chemical control technology such as poison label and punching injection, be difficult to large tracts of land implement, and to the more difficult dispenser of most of trunk tall trees wood, and the cost height, the more important thing is contaminated environment.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of effective parasitic enemy insect--the artificial propagation of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides and the technology that is applied to prevent and treat mountain longicorn.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The artificial propagation techniques of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides of the present invention comprises step:
At first, the raising and bringing out of carrying out the adult of described mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides is laid eggs;
Then, carry out the hatching of ovum, hatch the larva of described mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides;
Afterwards, utilize alternative host to raise the larva of described mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides, make its adult that sprouts wings into described mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides, described alternative host is the larva of a kind of longicorn;
Environmental temperature in the said process is that 25 ℃ ± 1 ℃, humidity are 60% ± 2%.
The technology of control mountain longicorn of the present invention is used the mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides control mountain longicorn of the artificial propagation techniques breeding of above-mentioned mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides, described mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides is released on the tree that is injured in described mountain longicorn harm district.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, the artificial propagation of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides of the present invention and the technology that is applied to prevent and treat mountain longicorn are owing to be that 25 ℃ ± 1 ℃, humidity are in 60% ± 2% the environment adult of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides to be raised and bring out to lay eggs in environmental temperature at first; And hatch the larva of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides; And utilize alternative host to connect the worm breeding, and make its parasitic host of substituting, develop into mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides adult at last.Use above-mentioned mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides control mountain longicorn, method is that the ovum of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides or adult are released on the tree that is injured in harm district of mountain longicorn, can reach the control efficiency of effective control mountain longicorn.
Embodiment
Hand-feeding propagation's technology of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides of the present invention, its specific implementation method is to comprise step:
At first, the raising and bringing out of carrying out the adult of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides is laid eggs; Then, carry out the hatching of ovum, hatch the larva of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides; Afterwards, utilize alternative host to connect the worm breeding, make its parasitic host of substituting, develop into mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides adult at last.Used alternative host is the larva of a kind of longicorn.Environmental temperature in the captive breeding process can be 60% ± 2% for 25 ℃ ± 1 ℃, humidity.
Carry out the raising of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides adult and bring out the concrete technology of laying eggs comprising:
At first, in foster worm plastic casing, raise, at the bottom of box, spread one deck medical disinfecting gauze earlier, put into then and bring out the foster worm wooden unit of laying eggs, the 3-4 layer brown paper littler than wooden unit surface area, described brown paper loam cake one slide are put in described foster worm wooden unit top, and described slide, brown paper and wooden unit bundled, also need be placed with drinking bowl and feed dish in the described foster worm plastic casing, also be placed with the kraft paper bag of both ends open in the described foster worm plastic casing, support on the worm wooden unit and wrap nonwoven.
Then,,, and cover lid, be drilled with a plurality of apertures on the lid,, be beneficial to dastarcus helophoroides and breathe with ventilation as 30 25～35 of the adults of supporting worm plastic casing access mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides.
Carry out the hatching of ovum, comprising:
After dastarcus helophoroides was laid eggs, the brown paper of resting above the worm wooden unit that has its pieces of an egg took out, and is put in the plastic casing, cover lid, be drilled with a plurality of apertures on the lid, checked in a plastic casing whether the first-instar young that has hatched is arranged, and the first-instar young that hatches is collected in per 2 days.
Utilizing alternative host to raise mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides larva technology comprises:
At first can put into transparent plastics dactylethrae (as the dactylethrae of pipe range 40mm, aperture 12mm) with substituting the host, the first-instar young of the mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides of the firm hatching that will collect is stained with gently with the fine, soft fur pen then, is put into the body surface (promptly connecing worm) that substitutes the host; Pipe is put in the kraft paper strip doubling that with length and width is 30 * 15mm then, near alternative host, at last with the absorbent cotton mouth of pipe beyond the Great Wall, makes its parasitic host of substituting and grows to the adult of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides.Wherein, the size of dactylethrae and brown paper can be selected other size as required for use.
After waiting to sprout wings, the mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides adult of being cultivated is packed and refrigerates:
Adult after at first will sprouting wings is that 16 ℃～23 ℃, humidity are to raise 4～6 days under 60% ± 2% the environment in temperature, raising temperature remains on 18 ± 2 ℃ or 21 ± 2 ℃ etc., then male worm and totally 8～12 (as 10) mixing of female worm are put into the adult release bag, the environment of at last the adult release bag being put into 5 ℃ ± 1 ℃ refrigerates, and treats to utilize when biological control discharges.
The ovum of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides can also be made ovum and discharge card and refrigeration:
At first will (generally be fan-shaped by piece that dastarcus helophoroides is laid eggs with the ox-hide scraps of paper of ovum, the 50-360 grain does not wait) natural piece piecemeal cut off, then the pieces of an egg paper that shears is adhered to the double-deck brown paper inside after the doubling, and this brown paper amounted to, order to seal with stapler at opening part, make described ovum and discharge card; The environment that described ovum release card is put into 9 ± 1 ℃ is stored, and treats the biological utilization when discharging that prevents and treats.
The technology of control mountain longicorn of the present invention, its preferable embodiment is to comprise step:
Use the mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides control mountain longicorn that the artificial propagation techniques of above-mentioned mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides breeds, the mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides is released on the robur that is injured in described mountain longicorn harm district.Can discharge the adult and the ovum of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides.
When discharging ovum, the ovum that the ovum with the mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides of above-mentioned storage is made discharges and sticks into row and discharge, and ovum can be discharged card during release and order near the defecation hole near the mountain longicorn larva on the tree trunk of being injured, and avoids sunlight direct projection ovum to discharge and blocks.
When discharging adult, the release bag that the usefulness of above-mentioned storage is contained mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides adult discharges.Concrete grammar is to cut next angle on the back bark of tree trunk of being injured, and described adult release bag is torn to put into behind the angle in the described angle to climb out of in order to the dastarcus helophoroides adult seek host's ovipositing hosts.
The specific embodiment of the artificial propagation techniques of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides of the present invention comprises:
Step 1, carry out the artificial feeding of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides, make it can normal development and protect kind:
Specifically can be with plastic casing with cover, at the bottom of box, spread a rectangle medical disinfecting gauze earlier, being beneficial to adult creeps and stands up activity, and put into two foster worm wooden units, and each one of carton, drinking bowl and the feed box of perching for natural enemy adult lucifuge, put into 30 of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides adults then, bonnet lid is preserved (being equipped with the ventilation hole of 5 aperture 1-2mm on the plastic box cover); Insect box of cleaning in two days changes feed, and adding distil water is placed in 18 ℃ ± 2 ℃, the environment of humidity 60% ± 5% and raises.
Raise laying eggs of adult if desired, carry out mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides large scale artificial breeding, then carry out step 2 to bring out.
The raising of step 2. pair adult and bringing out is laid eggs, and carries out mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides large scale artificial breeding, specifically comprises:
Step 2.1. supports designing and producing of worm frame: mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides first incubates first-instar young, the power of creeping and to bore seam very competent, even lid is got very tight, they also can find the space and climb out of outside the box; Therefore, need to do specially treated,, be convenient to collect inoculation reproduction so that the larva that climbs on the frame is high-visible to supporting the worm frame.For this reason, need to post black paper in advance, on the stronger glass plate of this colour contrast, be easy to find so that health is flaxen larva in the glass back of supporting the worm frame.
Under natural situation, a mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides female adult worm only produced 130～150 ovum in 1 year, and only May and July this twice spawning peak lay eggs.In order to break this natural life habit to improve egg laying amount greatly, breed out a large amount of dastarcus helophoroides individualities, the present invention has worked out and has brought out the technology that it is laid eggs in a large number, makes the egg laying amount in 1 year of a dastarcus helophoroides female adult worm reach more than 8658.
Step 2.2. at first, at foster worm plastic casing (in length and width height=15 * 20 * 6cm), shop one deck medical disinfecting gauze at the bottom of box is beneficial to adult and creeps and stand up activity, puts into two roburs of bringing out to lay eggs then and supports the worm wooden unit (length and width thickness is respectively 8.6,4.1,2.1cm) do and bring out the usefulness of laying eggs, wooden unit top is put the 3-4 layer and is cut into the brown paper slightly littler than wooden unit surface area, for the adult usefulness of laying eggs, paper loam cake one slide is reined in slide, brown paper and juggle with rubber band subsequently and is fixed; Put into then for the little dactylethrae of adult drinking-water and make drinking bowl, interior Sheng distilled water, the mouth of pipe with sponge beyond the Great Wall, in case water flows out; Put into a small container of containing the adult artificial feed again, to place the artificial feed mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides adult of feeding; Put into the kraft paper bag (both ends open of bag is concealed rest for adult) of a 4.5 * 8.5cm subsequently; Insert 30 of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides adults at last, about 15 of wherein female worm, about 15 of male worm covers plastic box cover (be drilled with 5 apertures on the lid be 1-2mm ventilation hole); So just made a small-sized mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides " receptacle ".At 25 ℃ ± 1 ℃, raise in the environment of the constant temperature and humidity of humidity 60% ± 2% then, add water and artificial feed every day, drink and get food for adult.Checked once in two days, and took out the foster worm wooden unit that ovum is arranged, change to new foster worm wooden unit, and check in the on glass and insect box of supporting the worm frame whether the first-instar young that has hatched the dastarcus helophoroides that gets out is arranged.If find to have larva, collect immediately and manually connect worm, and transfer to step 3, carry out the raising of larva.If do not need to carry out immediately the raising of larva, then carry out step 2.3.
The making of step 2.3. ovum card, packing and refrigeration:
The first step; the brown paper that has pieces of an egg above the foster worm wooden unit that will take out from step 2.2 takes off; the ovum that has the female worm of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides to be produced on it, the ovum grain number that is once produced as the female worm of this natural enemy of raising with the method one is first is that the 50-360 grain does not wait, the ovum grain is very little; length is only about 1mm; be long oyster shape,, single ovum naked eyes are difficult to see clearly; the ovum grain is the block arrangement of fan-shaped individual layer, and adjacent two pieces of an egg usually interconnect.
Second step, pieces of an egg on the ox-hide scraps of paper of band ovum are cut off by fan-shaped natural piece piecemeal, the little pieces of an egg paper that contains pieces of an egg that is cut into, the big pieces of an egg paper that contains 2～3 pieces of an egg that is cut into, making each pieces of an egg paper approximately comprise 100-350 grain ovum does not wait, and under stereomicroscope, count, write on ovum and discharge on the card, so that discharge statistics ovum burst size when preventing and treating.
The 3rd step, earlier fabrication is square (4 * 4cm) with the doubling of rectangle brown paper, the pieces of an egg paper back side that will shear then is coated with an amount of glue and (notes not being coated with glue too much, in order to avoid glue is penetrated into the ovum grain from the pieces of an egg paper back side, or escape into from the ovum paper back side on the pieces of an egg and cause ovum not hatch), adhere to leaf central part in the square brown paper after the doubling; Then paper is respectively followed closely a pin to seal with stapler in opening part, both sides altogether, promptly made ovum and discharged card.
The 4th the step, with the ovum card that makes put into ovum card packing box (the length and width height is respectively 27,14, the carton box of 18cm, 8 little compartments of interior branch are wherein respectively adorned 60 ovum cards in 6 compartments, respectively adorn 70 ovum cards in 2 compartments.Like this, every box can be adorned 500 ovum altogether and discharge card), will fill the packing box of ovum release card then and put into 9 ± 1 ℃ refrigerator cryopreservation.
The breeding of the raising of step 3. larva, adult, packing and technique of refrigeration:
The hatching of step 3.1. ovum: the brown paper that has pieces of an egg above the foster worm wooden unit that will take out from step 2.2 takes out, or with the taking-up of the release of the ovum in the step 2.3 card, concentrate to be put in the plastic casing, (covering and be drilled with 2-5 aperture the ventilation hole that is 1-2mm) closes the lid; Be placed on 25 ℃ ± 1 ℃, in the environment of the constant temperature and humidity of humidity 60% ± 2%, checked in a plastic casing whether the larva that has hatched is arranged, and, collected in the larva raising process in per 2 days the first-instar young that hatches.
The raising of step 3.2. larva: the first-instar young to hatching in the on glass and insect box of supporting the worm frame manually connects worm immediately.Method is that one of alternative host (a kind of longicorn) larva of earlier screening being found is put into transparent plastic dactylethrae (finger-type pipe range 40mm, aperture 12mm), gently be stained with the mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides larva of hatching just with little writing brush then, be put into gently and substitute host's roundheaded borer body surface, connect 4 mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides larvas on the general host; Pipe is put in the kraft paper strip doubling that with length and width is 30 * 15mm then, near alternative host, at last with the absorbent cotton mouth of pipe beyond the Great Wall.To connect the dactylethrae of worm, per 4 to prick with rubber band be 1 bundle, puts into plastic casing, need not add a cover, and is put in 25 ℃ ± 2 ℃, the environment of humidity 60% ± 5% to raise, and generally can see mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides adult eclosion of new generation after 35-40 days.
Packing of step 3.3. adult and refrigeration: the adult after will the sprouting wings raising program in 1 is set by step raised, and adult is fed artificial feed to have additional nutrients.Raise and divide male and female after 5 days, with 5 male worms, 5 female worms are put into adult release bag (length and width=65 * 35mm), nail on to seal with stapler then, make the adult release bag, at last with the endways adult packing box (the high carton box of length and width) of putting into of adult release bag for 27cm, 14cm, 5cm, divide 5 little compartments in the box, wherein respectively adorn 40 adult release bags in section, every box is adorned 200 altogether), then the adult packing box is put into 5 ℃ ± 1 ℃ refrigerator and cooled and hidden.
The present invention uses the specific embodiment of the technology of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides control mountain longicorn, comprises two kinds of methods:
Method one discharges mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides ovum control mountain longicorn:
The tree that is injured of finding mountain longicorn harm earlier and having fresh worm excrement to discharge is determined mountain longicorn larva quantity (a general mountain longicorn larva has only a defecation hole) according to the quantity in defecation hole, determines the burst size of dastarcus helophoroides ovum according to longicorn quantity.Adopt inoculation formula method for releasing.Common 10 mountain longicorn larvas are put 250-350 grain ovum to transfer 150 dastarcus helophoroides ovum more than 10.During release, select nail position, ovum card division in trunk eye eminence earlier, as far as possible near mountain longicorn larva defecation hole, use stapler nail on bark on the ovum card then, note not following closely at sunny side, preferably following closely is having tree shade or leaf sunshade and comparatively smooth place, orientation, be convenient to like this ovum card-edge is close to the bark nail in the tree, so guarantee can the climbing on the bark down smoothly an of small grub in age of the dastarcus helophoroides that hatches, and enter in the roundheaded borer tunnel by the defecation hole of mountain longicorn, find roundheaded borer and parasitic rapidly.
Method two discharges mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides adult control mountain longicorn:
When discharging the dastarcus helophoroides adult, also adopt inoculation formula method for releasing.Per 3 trees that are injured that mountain longicorn larva harm arranged discharge 10 mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides (i.e. an adult release bag, in 5 female 5 male imagos are arranged).Specific practice is: earlier with chopper in the north of trunk 1.5～1.8m eminence, on bark, cut an angle, put in the angle after the adult release bag is torn an angle, appoint the mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides adult in the bag freely to creep.Noting discharging adult must carry out to darkness between the lights, because the adult of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides keeps in dark place, stop daytime in the sheltered situation and in the dusk and the activity of coming out evening, and mate and oviposit, very active.Therefore, discharging adult must carry out with evening between the lights, discharges daytime to suffer the injury of natural enemy easily behind the adult and reduce control efficiency.
Two kinds of above-mentioned methods should be selected suitable release period: the suitable time that discharges the ovum card is that 3 ages of mountain longicorn larva and the above length of time thereof (are medium sized larval phase, body is about more than the 3cm) and pupa time, as be 5～August suitable release time in forest zone, China northeast; The period that discharges adult should be than Zao 1 month of the time that discharges the ovum card.
Below some operation and predicate thereof and instrument in the above steps are elaborated:
Insect box: i.e. the transparent plastic box with cover of 15 * 20 * 6cm, need to dip in 75% alcohol before using the box inner surface is carried out wiping with absorbent cotton, do and disinfect.
Support the worm wooden unit: the robur wooden unit of promptly making 8.6 * 4.1 * 2.1cm.
Bring out the foster worm wooden unit of laying eggs: because the ovum of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides is very little, only about 1mm length, be shaped as long oyster shape, its diameter is 0.2mm only, usually can find that therefore its female adult worm produces oak with ovum and supports in the conduit of worm wooden unit.Concentrate on the brown paper of wooden unit top for it is laid eggs, avoid in order to collecting utilization producing in the conduit, wooden unit must be wrapped with nonwoven.Concrete grammar is: the haik sheet that nonwoven is cut into 11 * 26cm with paper knife, foster worm wooden unit of every cloth sheet bag with rolling of interface, is transferred to proper temperature with electric iron then and is pressed, with two flatiron of wooden unit, nonwoven firmly is bonded on the wooden unit again.Support worm wooden unit top and put 3 greatly for a short time ox-hide scraps of paper (discharging from bottom to top by size) that are respectively 90 * 45mm, 80 * 40mm and 78 * 32mm, then in paper loam cake 1 slide (length and width thickness=76 * 25 * 2mm), with rubber band slide, brown paper and wooden unit are bundled into one at last, lay eggs for the dastarcus helophoroides adult and under the scraps of paper, lay eggs.
Place (paper bag) for mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides adult " rest ": because mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides adult active behavior is for hiding by day and coming out at night; therefore; brown paper with 45 * 85cm size; peg outer rim with stapler after the doubling; both ends open allows lucifuge " rest " therein on mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides adult daytime.
Drinking bowl: with 2 long 40mm, aperture is that the transparent plastic dactylethrae of 12mm is made, and contains distilled water in the pipe, and the mouth of pipe with sponge or absorbent cotton beyond the Great Wall, and is but can not Sai Detai tight, so that permeable sponge of water or absorbent cotton are convenient to adult and are drunk.At last two effective rubber bands are lashed, put into insect box.
The feed ware of feeding mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides adult: small circular vinyl disc (diameter 30mm).
Change feed: need check every day,, need to add new feed if after the mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides is eaten up artificial feed; Do not eat up, normal as the feed color and luster, showing does not have contaminatedly, does not just need to add new feedstuff again; Do not eat up, but the feed bad colour is normal, shows contaminatedly, just must swap out, put into new feed box and add new feed together with the feed ware.
The artificial feed of adult: for our development artificial feed, with raw material stoving, pulverizing, and add other nutrition, be placed on below 0 ℃ preserve standby.
Manually connect worm: during artificial propagation mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides adult, with just hatched one age the dastarcus helophoroides larva receive and substitute on the pin main body, to help its parasitism, grow to adult then.Method is: get 1 fresh-keeping alternative host larva (a kind of longicorn); put into the transparent plastic dactylethrae of aperture 12mm, long 40mm; according to the individual size of alternative host; dip in a little distilled water with the fine, soft fur pen; pick the mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides larva of firm hatching more gently, be put into carefully then on the alternative host larva health.Connecing the worm amount determines according to substituting the individual size of host.Body weight connects 2 headdress flower spot dastarcus helophoroides larvas and is advisable between 0.15-0.3g the time; When alternative pin main body focuses between 0.3-0.45g, connect 3 headdress flower spot dastarcus helophoroides larvas and be advisable.After connecing worm, be that pipe is put in the brown paper doubling of 30mm and 15mm, near alternative host, so that mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides mature larva has been eaten the host, finished larvae development and weave silk and do cocoon and prepare to adhere on it when pupating getting with length and width; Use the absorbent cotton jam-pack mouth of pipe again, put into then and raise its parasitic growth of chien shih.The dastarcus helophoroides larva just will substitute host's larval feeding totally after general 7 days, and pupate other the cocooing of its corpse.A common alternative host can breed out 2～3 mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides adults.
Substitute host's preparation: will substitute host's roundheaded borer and from the host plant of harm, take out, putting into diameter is the transparent plastic dactylethrae (every pipe is put 1) of the long 40mm of 12mm, to concentrate in the plastic casing of packing into the plastics dactylethrae of worm then, it is standby to place 0～5 ℃ of refrigerator to preserve.
Adult release bag: with the brown paper of long 85mm wide 60mm, be folded into the pouch of 65mm * 35mm, opening 5mm place is folded the one side of pegging opening earlier with stapler, behind the mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides adult of packing into, the 5mm place of another side opening is folded peg again.
The present invention provides a kind of effective natural enemy for producing this great insect of control mountain longicorn--mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides (Dastarcus sp.); with the method for the artificial mass rearing breeding of this parasitic enemy insect, and the technology of release ovum and adult control mountain longicorn.Design and produce out ovum card and adult release bag; Having worked out long-term (about 5 months) preserves and the long preservation technology that do not influence the hatching and the adult normal development of ovum; Worked out the concrete technology that discharges natural enemy, provide effective science and technology support for utilizing this natural enemy to carry out large tracts of land production control mountain longicorn.
Control effect in control back is remarkable; discharge then, parasitic rate reaches 86.7% (strict with release time and burst size), has accomplished simultaneously free from environmental pollution; under the prerequisite of maintaining ecological balance and protection bio-diversity, realized prevention target effective, the Sustainable Control insect.
The artificial feeding and the batch production of embodiment one mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides are produced in a large number:
Set up a mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides at Jilin Province's Meihekou City in 2006 and bred the center, specialized in the work of a large amount of production breeding mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides.2～April in 2007 began artificial propagation work, thereby produced a large amount of adults.
Before 40000 alternative hosts (a kind of longicorn) larva utilized, utilize 20000 of Cathay poplar roundheaded borers again, adopt with quadrat method and connect worm breeding mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides, raise 82000 of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides adults.40000 of the adults that is produced directly discharge at woodland; 40000 bull adults in addition are used for mass rearing and lay eggs, and are made into the ovum card subsequently and then discharge the ovum control.
A large amount of adults that will obtain for 5～June divide box to raise 20 in every box.Raise about two months adults and begin to lay eggs, at this moment laying eggs piece is made a large amount of ovum and discharged card.
Embodiment two, use effect of the present invention:
In November, 2006, utilize the technology of the present invention, by the end of in September, 2007, breed mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides adult 80,000 remainders altogether, ovum discharges and blocks 50,000 (containing 7,500,000 on ovum).The adult that breeds is calculated than 1: 1 by male and female, female worm is at least more than 40,000, and the average egg laying amount of every female worm is by statistics at least more than 700, when ovum through hatching and larval growth and turn into adult and calculate by 50%, just can produce more than 500 ten thousand mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides adults in 1 year; If can be turned into 2 adults at last by the dastarcus helophoroides parasitism, more than 250 ten thousand mountain longicorn larvas or pupa can be caused death by parasitic by 1 mountain longicorn larva or pupa; The life-span of dastarcus helophoroides adult, if calculated by 3 years, female worm can lay eggs 17.5 hundred million by 50% by more than 500 ten thousand dastarcus helophoroides adults of producing in 1 year in 1 year between 3～6 years, just can produce 900,000,000 bull dastarcus helophoroides adults in 2 years; Just the energy parasitism is eliminated mountain longicorn larva or the pupa more than 4.5 hundred million, 900,000,000 bull piebald dastarcus helophoroides adults with 1 year bred in the 3rd year, female worm is by 50%, can lay eggs 3,450 hundred million, just can produce the adult of the piebald dastarcus helophoroides of 1,734 hundred million bulls in 3 years altogether, just can parasiticly eliminate 1,725 hundred million bull mountain longicorn larva or pupas.As seen, utilize the present invention technology, manually can produce a large amount of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides, carry out large-area mountain longicorn production control.
Embodiment three, and the woodland large tracts of land discharges the effect of ovum control mountain longicorn:
In Jilin Province's Meihekou City and the Kuan Dianxian of Liaoning Province, Huan Ren county and Fushun County, 60 pilot forests have been set up in the robur woods according to different mountain longicorn insect density, different aspects altogether, area adds up to 2400 mu, has carried out woodland and has discharged the observation of ovum control efficiency.The survey showed that to set three the release ovum card test sites of Meihekou, discharges then, and dastarcus helophoroides reaches 86.7% (correction parasitic rate) to the parasitic rate of mountain longicorn larva.
The control efficiency investigation:
In forest farm, Meihekou City Jiguanshan Mountain, Jilin Province; utilize the GPS location; by the killed degree of standing forest divide light, in, weigh three kinds of situations and carry out reconnaissance; selected altogether 13 point of releases; every discharges mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides ovum card or adult, and the area of each point of release is a mu surplus in the of 40, amounts to 600 mu; every strain burst size is: according to mountain longicorn larva quantity, discharge 1,2 or 3 on ovum card.
When mountain longicorn larva activity in 6 to September and measuring the outside parasite elimination excrement of food greatly, observe the way whether roundheaded borer continues outside parasite elimination excrement after adopting the release dastarcus helophoroides, judge that roundheaded borer is whether by parasitism: no longer discharge the worm excrement as roundheaded borer, be the butt fresh worm excrement that the hole drops of having no way of discharging feces, illustrate that then the mountain longicorn larva is by parasitic dead; Continue outside parasite elimination excrement as the mountain longicorn larva, promptly butt has fresh worm excrement, illustrates that then the mountain longicorn larva is not by parasitism.Dissect factual survey through splitting trunk afterwards, show that it is reliable and accurately whether differentiating by parasitism with the method.Therefore, can according to mountain longicorn the worm excrement situation around the hole of discharging feces whether conclude by the mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides parasitism.
Investigate according to above-mentioned criterion, draw application form and see attached list 1, can find out that the big more parasitic rate of burst size of ovum is high more, control efficiency is good more.
Subordinate list 1 discharges the effect of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides ovum card control mountain longicorn
The present invention can be applicable in large tracts of land comprehensive regulation mountain longicorn, and the suitable worm phase of its control is: mountain longicorn larval phase and pupa time; Be suitable release time: 6 to September; Suitable burst size is: select the every strain of quantity of the tree mountain longicorn larva that is injured in light disaster area and the middle disaster area to discharge 1～3 ovum card.
Mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides (Dastarcus sp.) is the topmost natural enemy of occurring in nature control mountain longicorn, and its larva is ectoparasite on mountain longicorn larva body.Can parasitic 45-56 head individuality on every mountain longicorn mature larva, can parasitic 15-20 head individuality on the middle age mountain longicorn larva, be to press down the property parasitic habit, natural parasitic rate is about 12%.Its rate of development is fast, and the roundheaded borer efficient height that causes death generally parasitizes on the pin main body to getting fully from its first-instar young and eat roundheaded borer 7 day time of need only, and larva is just finished growth, weaves silk then to do cocoon and pupate.About 25 days pupa time.Finishing a generation only needs 30-40 days.Therefore, the mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides can grow for 4 generations in 1 year at least.The natural spawning amount of each female worm is 120～150, and its host's mountain longicorn development duration reaches 3 years, this dastarcus helophoroides can be bred for 13 generations during this period at least, and its huge offspring can repeatedly parasitic mountain longicorn larva, and its population quantity is played huge inhibitory action.And the life-span of dastarcus helophoroides adult is long, assigns 6 years at laboratory condition.The mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides is the obligatory parasitism natural enemy of mountain longicorn; it produces ovum near mountain longicorn larva defecation hole; its first-instar young is a planidiform; has flourishing pereiopoda; mobility is strong; can pierce voluntarily and seek and find the host in the roundheaded borer tunnel; then attached on the roundheaded borer body; utilizing maxilla to bite the host and injecting venom anaesthetizes roundheaded borer rapidly; do not eat motionlessly, slough pereiopoda then and become the maggot type, parasitize on the roundheaded borer body and get food; they can be got very soon and eat roundheaded borer, just can finish larvae development in general 7 days.The ability that its adult seeks the host is strong, the diffusion of can circling in the air voluntarily, the trees of finding mountain longicorn to endanger, ovipositing hosts, expanding prevention scope and area.In case discharge the mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides of some in a forest zone, just can reach good control efficiency.When its population quantity reaches higher level, just can be for a long time, constantly mountain longicorn quantity is controlled down.
The present invention uses mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides control mountain longicorn; the control of carrying out mountain longicorn is to control the mountain longicorn science and otherwise effective technique; because the present technique utilization is the useful ecological factor of the original control mountain longicorn of occurring in nature; thereby, meet the main trend of present international and domestic environmental protection and bio-diversity conservation to environment and other bio-safety.
The present invention includes the large scale artificial breeding and go out the individuality of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides; and the release tech of the science of employing; population quantity with the woodland dastarcus helophoroides that increases sharply; control efficiency is remarkable; this subsequently natural enemy also can further be bred at natural world in a large number; increase its population quantity, reach the control efficiency of controlling mountain longicorn harm fully.
The above; only for the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any those skilled in the art of being familiar with are in the technical scope that the present invention relates to; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of artificial propagation techniques of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides is characterized in that, comprises step:
At first, the raising and bringing out of carrying out the adult of described mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides is laid eggs;
Then, carry out the hatching of ovum, hatch the larva of described mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides;
Afterwards, utilize alternative host to raise the larva of described mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides, make its adult that sprouts wings into described mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides, described alternative host is the larva of a kind of longicorn;
Environmental temperature in the said process is that 25 ℃ ± 1 ℃, humidity are 60% ± 2%.
2, the artificial propagation techniques of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the raising of the adult of described mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides and bring out to lay eggs and comprise:
At first, in foster worm plastic casing, shop one deck hospital gauze at the bottom of box, put into then and bring out the foster worm wooden unit of laying eggs, the 3-4 layer brown paper littler than wooden unit surface area is put in described foster worm wooden unit top, described brown paper loam cake one slide, and described slide, brown paper and wooden unit bundled; Also be placed with drinking bowl and feed dish in the described foster worm plastic casing, also be placed with the kraft paper bag of both ends open in the described foster worm plastic casing;
Then, insert 25～35 of described mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides adults at foster worm plastic casing, and cover lid, be drilled with a plurality of apertures on the described lid with ventilation; In the described mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides adult, the quantity of female worm is greater than the quantity of male worm.
3, the artificial propagation techniques of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described foster worm wooden unit is surrounded by nonwoven.
4, the artificial propagation techniques of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the hatching of described ovum comprises:
The brown paper that has pieces of an egg above the described foster worm wooden unit is taken out, be put in the plastic casing, cover lid, be drilled with a plurality of apertures on the described lid, checked in the once described plastic casing whether the first-instar young that has hatched is arranged, and the first-instar young that hatches is collected in per 2 days.
According to the artificial propagation techniques of claim 1 or 4 described mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides, it is characterized in that 5, the larva that the alternative host of described utilization raises described mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides comprises:
At first described alternative host is put into the transparent plastic dactylethrae, the first-instar young that described mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides has just been hatched connects the body surface that is put into described alternative host, connects on the alternative host and posts the first larva two to three first ages; Then pipe is put in a kraft paper strip doubling,, with the absorbent cotton jam-pack mouth of pipe beyond the Great Wall, cultivated, and sprout wings into the adult of described mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides at last near alternative host.
6, the artificial propagation techniques of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides according to claim 5 is characterized in that, also comprises the adult of the described cultivation and the mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides of sprouting wings is packed and refrigerates:
It is that 16 ℃～23 ℃, humidity are that 60% ± 2% environment is raised that the adult of the mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides that at first will newly sprout wings places temperature; raise after 4～6 days; with male worm and female worm totally 8～12 mixing put into the adult release bag, the environment of then described adult release bag being put into 5 ℃ ± 1 ℃ refrigerates.
7, the artificial propagation techniques of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides according to claim 2 is characterized in that, comprises that also the ovum of described mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides is made ovum discharges card and cold subtracting:
At first product there are the ox-hide scraps of paper of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides ovum to cut off by the fan-shaped natural piece piecemeal of pieces of an egg, the pieces of an egg paper that will shear then adheres to the double leaf shape paper inside after the doubling, and with described double leaf shape paper altogether and on opening part is ordered, make described ovum and discharge card; The environment that described ovum release card is put into 9 ± 1 ℃ is stored.
8, a kind of technology of preventing and treating mountain longicorn; it is characterized in that; application rights requires the mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides control mountain longicorn of the artificial propagation techniques breeding of 1 to 7 each described mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides, described mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides is released on the tree that is injured in described mountain longicorn harm district.
9, the technology of control mountain longicorn according to claim 8; it is characterized in that; the ovum of described mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides is made ovum release stick into row release; concrete release tech is that described ovum is discharged the place, defecation hole that card is ordered approaching described mountain longicorn larva on trunk, and avoids the described ovum of sunlight direct projection to discharge card.
10, the technology of control mountain longicorn according to claim 8; it is characterized in that; the adult release bag of described mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides is discharged; concrete release tech is to cut next angle on the bark at the back of trunk, puts in the described angle after described adult release bag is torn the angle.
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