CN101572969B - Method for automatically balancing electrodes of automatic control system of calcium carbide furnace - Google Patents
Method for automatically balancing electrodes of automatic control system of calcium carbide furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN101572969B CN101572969B CN2009100584399A CN200910058439A CN101572969B CN 101572969 B CN101572969 B CN 101572969B CN 2009100584399 A CN2009100584399 A CN 2009100584399A CN 200910058439 A CN200910058439 A CN 200910058439A CN 101572969 B CN101572969 B CN 101572969B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for automatically balancing electrodes of an automatic control system of a calcium carbide furnace. According to the requirements of a smelted product and a process ofthe calcium carbide furnace on voltage, current and power, the numerical value of the current or the power is sent to a computer; a control system of the computer carries out comparison operation on a parameter value detected in real time and a set value, and then sends out a group of instructions to a control relay to drive the electrodes to move up and down; and simultaneously, the computer calculates the change rate of the current of the electrodes, and when the change rates of the current of the three-phase electrodes are the same, the computer carries out zero clearing processing on an electrode position which is taken as an initial position for controlling the electrode position so as to achieve the aims of precisely controlling the ends of the three-phase electrodes in a given range, precisely controlling three-phase arc powder balance, improving electric and thermal conversion efficiency, saving electricity, increasing the yield and improving the recovery rate of ore.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rise fall of electrodes autocontrol method, especially a kind of furnace of calcium carbide rise fall of electrodes is the method for control automatically.
Background technology
Furnace of calcium carbide belongs to a kind of of the hot stove series in ore deposit, and the product of smelting is a calcium carbide, and the core theory that it is smelted is: form directed high temperature ion flow-electric arc by ionized air, convert electric energy to heat energy, for reduction reaction provides sufficiently high temperature field.
The state of electric arc depends on the temperature around conductivity, voltage and the electrode of distance, discharge body of electrode tip and discharge body and the resistance characteristic of furnace charge medium.In smelting process, continuous rising along with furnace bottom bath surface (or top of the slag), furnace charge is regular to be stayed, the motor termination is because of moving on the scaling loss and the variation of molten bath conductivity, need to adjust the physical location of electrode in good time, arc power can be in optimum state all the time in the stove to keep, also want simultaneously to keep the arc length of three-phase electrode electric arc basic identical, discharge identical arc power to keep three-phase electrode, the reduction reaction zone that keeps identical size, the higher electrical efficiency that electric power system can be reached, one of key that reaches this purpose is exactly that the rise fall of electrodes automatic control system is wanted and can accurately be measured judgement to the position of electrode tip, and electrode position is carried out Automatic Levelling and zero clearing handle, then, could be according to the height of electrode tip position, and then adjust electrode position in good time, the primary heat transport system of pilot arc power two efficient.
Domesticly once introduced external complete large-scale furnace of calcium carbide equipment, this technology has installed displacement transducer additional for every strip electrode, is used for the concrete displacement size of surveying record electrode and position just.This specification requirement is regularly carried out zero clearing to electrode position and is handled.Because the complexity in the furnace of calcium carbide, the arc power size of every phase electrode depends on the relative distance size of electrode tip and other end discharge body, so the position that only depends on the displacement sensor electrode is the purpose that is difficult to obtain control three-phase electrode arc power balance.So domestic have a small amount of furnace of calcium carbide automatic control system that displacement transducer has been installed poor effect basically, revert to state of a control manually substantially again.
The cold conditions ore is non-conductive, and the molten state mixture is a good conductor of electricity, and these characteristics have determined the complexity and the difficult point of furnace of calcium carbide rise fall of electrodes control system, also is numerous forerunners that are engaged in ore deposit hot stove automation control the cause for the success places not yet so far.Up to the present, domestic existing rise fall of electrodes in mine hot stove is commonly control manually, when electric current during greater than setting, promote electrode, when electric current during less than setting, the decline electrode, individually the methods with PLC control also are based on the method identical with Artificial Control, its major defect is that manually-operated randomness is big, labour intensity big, three-phase power imbalance, power consumption height, yield poorly, ore recovery ratio is low.
Chinese patent ZL200610035949.0 discloses the automatically method of control of a kind of rise fall of electrodes in mine hot stove, and this method provides a kind of method that can stabilized electrodes.But, do not relate to the method for automatically balancing electrodes of automatic control system of calcium carbide furnace.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming of prior art, the invention provides a kind of rate of change size according to electrode current, judge the three-phase electrode tip position, and with the three-phase electrode current changing rate electrode position when identical is defined as zero position, and then reach the method for relative position between accurate control furnace of calcium carbide three-phase electrode termination and the discharge body, can control three-phase electrode arc power length and balance, reduction melting electric consumption, boost productivity and improve the method for the furnace of calcium carbide rise fall of electrodes automatically balancing electrodes of automatic control system of ore recovery ratio.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of method of automatically balancing electrodes of automatic control system of calcium carbide furnace, rate of change size according to each electrode current, calculate the distance size between electrode and the discharge body, when the current changing rate of three-phase electrode size is identical, be that distance between three-phase electrode and the discharge body is identical, promptly the position data of electrode carried out zero clearing and handle:
If A electrode current variable quantity is Δ Ia, B electrode current variable quantity is Δ Ib, and C electrode current variable quantity is Δ Ic, and the current changing rate deviate is ALARMCURRENT.
When rise fall of electrodes, calculate | Δ Ia-Δ Ib|≤ALARMCURRENT (1-1)
|ΔIb-ΔIc|≤ALARMCURRENT (1-2)
|ΔIa-ΔIc|≤ALARMCURRENT (1-3)
Whether satisfy, when when formula (1-1), (1-2) and (1-3) all satisfying, the while zero clearing of three-phase electrode location variable.
Good effect of the present invention is: according to the requirement to voltage, electric current and power of furnace of calcium carbide matallurgical products and technology, give computer (set point) with the numerical value form of electric current or power, computer control system automatically detected in real time parameter value (voltage, electric current) carries out carrying out three-phase equilibrium and comparison operation with set point after the A/D conversion, and carry out analysis and judgement according to mathematics of control model, control strategy and unusual working of a furnace model, send one group then and instruct to control relay.Control relay drive motors control contactor or hydraulic buttery valve, electric motor control contactor drive motors rotate (or hydraulic buttery valve driving hydraulic jack) and then drive electrode and move up and down; Simultaneously, computer also will calculate the rate of change of electrode current, when the three-phase electrode current changing rate is identical, electrode position is carried out zero clearing to be handled, and according to this as the initial position of electrode position control, accurately be controlled in the given range with the termination that reaches three-phase electrode, play accurate control three-phase electric arc power-balance, improve electricity, thermal conversion efficiency, reach the purpose of economize on electricity, volume increase and raising ore recovery ratio.
Description of drawings
The present invention will illustrate by example and with reference to the mode of accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is a control circuit block diagram of the present invention.
Among the figure: GK-isolating switch, ZK-vacuum switch, B-transformer, L-current transformer, M-motor, LCD-display screen, J-relay.
Embodiment
As Fig. 1, a kind of method of automatically balancing electrodes of automatic control system of calcium carbide furnace, it is elementary that electrical network 110KV (35KV) three-phase alternating current inserts ore heat furnace transformer B through isolating switch GK, vacuum switch ZK, after conversion at the secondary output 80V of transformer B three-phase alternating current to 500V, join by the short net in the heavy in section of forming by heavy in section copper pipe or copper coin, soft copper cable, electric installation and graphite electrode, enter in the stove, electrical power is provided.
At the elementary or secondary current transformer L that is equipped with of transformer B, the ac current signal of output 0-5 ampere is transformed to the direct voltage analog signal of 0-5V (or 0-10V) through signal converter, offers the A/D sampling plate; Another road three-phase alternating voltage signal is directly taken from B level of the transformer outlet row, is the 0-500V ac voltage signal, is transformed to 0-5V or 0-10V direct voltage analog signal through signal converter, offers the A/D sampling plate; The A/D sampling plate is that six way word signals are for Computing with above-mentioned six road direct voltage analog signal conversion; Simultaneously, ten four road or 20 road hand control switch signals, the spacing control switch signal of Shi Erlu carry out computing by I/O input/output board access computer.
After machine was handled as calculated, output signal of the present invention transferred to motor driven systems or fluid power system respectively, that is:
For motor driven systems: the output signal of computer through I/O input/output board outbound course signal to auxiliary relay control motor contactor, thereby realize that control motor M drives the upper and lower motion of electrode lifting mechanism drive electrode, thereby change the size of electrical power in the stove; When motor M rotates, releasing of brake, when motor M stops, the brake braking;
For fluid power system: the output signal of computer outputs signal to control relay through the I/O input/output board, control relay drives solenoid movement, the upper and lower motion of hydraulic jack of control fluid power system, make the upper and lower motion of electrode by hydraulic jack drive electrode elevating mechanism, thereby change the size of electrical power in the stove.
The set point of control signal is input to the calculator memory storage by switch, keyboard or mouse.
Design principle of the present invention is: when the computer control electrode rises or descend, rate of change size according to each electrode current, calculate the distance size between electrode and the discharge body, when the current changing rate of three-phase electrode size is identical, be that distance between three-phase electrode and the discharge body is identical, promptly the position data of electrode is carried out zero clearing and handle, specific as follows:
If A electrode current variable quantity is Δ Ia, B electrode current variable quantity is Δ Ib, and C electrode current variable quantity is Δ Ic, and the current changing rate deviate is ALARMCURRENT,
Computational methods:
When rise fall of electrodes, calculate | Δ Ia-Δ Ib|≤ALARMCURRENT (1-1)
|ΔIb-ΔIc|≤ALARMCURRENT (1-2)
|ΔIa-ΔIc|≤ALARMCURRENT (1-3)
Whether satisfy, when when formula (1-1), (1-2) and (1-3) all satisfying, the while zero clearing of three-phase electrode location variable.
In the present embodiment, transformer efficiency 12500KVA, primary side voltage 35KV, electric current 206A, current transformer change 250/5,900 millimeters of electrode diameters.The native system sampled signal: primary side three-phase current (taking from current transformer), secondary side voltage signal (directly obtaining), secondary side from transformer outlet row over the ground phase voltage 80V,
I
If=53450 (A) ALARMCURRENT=10 (A)
I
The dead band=3%
Disclosed all features in this specification, or the step in disclosed all methods or the process except mutually exclusive feature and/or step, all can make up by any way.
Disclosed arbitrary feature in this specification (comprising any accessory claim, summary and accompanying drawing) is unless special narration all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar purpose.That is, unless special narration, each feature is an example in a series of equivalences or the similar characteristics.
The present invention is not limited to aforesaid embodiment.The present invention expands to any new feature or any new combination that discloses in this manual, and the arbitrary new method that discloses or step or any new combination of process.
Claims (1)
1. the method for automatically balancing electrodes of automatic control system of calcium carbide furnace, it is characterized in that: according to the rate of change size of each electrode current, calculate the distance size between electrode and the discharge body, when the current changing rate of three-phase electrode size is identical, be that distance between three-phase electrode and the discharge body is identical, promptly the electrode position variable carried out zero clearing and handle:
If A electrode current variable quantity is Δ Ia, B electrode current variable quantity is Δ Ib, and C electrode current variable quantity is Δ Ic, and the current changing rate deviate is ALARMCURRENT, when rise fall of electrodes, calculates | Δ Ia-Δ Ib|≤ALARMCURRENT (1-1)
|ΔIb-ΔIc|≤ALARMCURRENT (1-2)
|ΔIa-ΔIc|≤ALARMCURRENT (1-3)
Whether satisfy, when when formula (1-1), (1-2) and (1-3) all satisfying, the while zero clearing of three-phase electrode location variable.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009100584399A CN101572969B (en) | 2009-02-26 | 2009-02-26 | Method for automatically balancing electrodes of automatic control system of calcium carbide furnace |
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| CN2009100584399A CN101572969B (en) | 2009-02-26 | 2009-02-26 | Method for automatically balancing electrodes of automatic control system of calcium carbide furnace |
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| CN101572969A CN101572969A (en) | 2009-11-04 |
| CN101572969B true CN101572969B (en) | 2011-04-13 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101808437B (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2012-01-11 | 成都高威节能科技有限公司 | Electrode automatic control method for high single-phase electrode power of yellow phosphorus furnace |
| CN101808439B (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2011-08-10 | 成都高威节能科技有限公司 | Method for automatically controlling electrode with less carbon in calcium carbide furnace |
| CN104486859B (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-02-03 | 成都高威节能科技有限公司 | Electrodes in mine hot stove acting point is from the method for motion tracking bath surface track |
| CN106766905B (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2018-09-18 | 中冶东方工程技术有限公司 | Control the method and device of electric parameter balance in mineral hot furnace |
| CN113783210B (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2024-06-14 | 锦州天亿电容制造有限公司 | Method for treating three-phase unbalance of transformer for mining and metallurgy furnace |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0661910A1 (en) * | 1993-12-29 | 1995-07-05 | ABB Management AG | Method and device for controlling the electrode of a DC arc furnace |
| CN100428093C (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2008-10-22 | 成都高威节能科技有限公司 | Method for aotomatic controlling rise fall of electrodes in mine hot stove |
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- 2009-02-26 CN CN2009100584399A patent/CN101572969B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0661910A1 (en) * | 1993-12-29 | 1995-07-05 | ABB Management AG | Method and device for controlling the electrode of a DC arc furnace |
| CN100428093C (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2008-10-22 | 成都高威节能科技有限公司 | Method for aotomatic controlling rise fall of electrodes in mine hot stove |
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