CN101572473A - Magnetic flux reverse linear motor - Google Patents
Magnetic flux reverse linear motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN101572473A CN101572473A CNA2008100958250A CN200810095825A CN101572473A CN 101572473 A CN101572473 A CN 101572473A CN A2008100958250 A CNA2008100958250 A CN A2008100958250A CN 200810095825 A CN200810095825 A CN 200810095825A CN 101572473 A CN101572473 A CN 101572473A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a magnetic flux reverse linear motor (1) which comprises a primary element (2) and a toothed secondary element (5), wherein the primary element (2) is provided with at least one primary tooth (3), and a corresponding coil (4) which is suitable for conducting changeable current is arranged around the primary tooth (3). The magnetic flux reverse linear motor is characterized in that a toothed secondary element (5) facing the primary tooth (3) is arranged and comprises a plurality of secondary teeth (6) made of ferromagnetic material, the secondary teeth (6) are protruded towards the primary tooth to determine an air gap (11) of the motor; at a primary tooth end (31) which is guided towards the air gap of the motor, each primary tooth comprises a pair of magnetic bodies (9, 10); and the magnetic bodies are installed towards the air gap in a mode of guiding reverse polarities with each other.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of magnetic flux reverse linear motor, be particularly useful for automation and Robotics field, and all require in the location or kinematic system of location accuracy and motion transmission rigidity.
Background technology
Known in the linearity or linear motor with surface magnet of routine, excitation is logical to be produced by the permanent magnet that is placed in " secondary element " by name on the fixed bearing platen or is called " secondary " more simply, and be arranged in different mobile-bearing devices on " primary element " by name or the coil that is called " elementary " more simply interact.Primary and secondary also can be named as stator and transducer respectively, although for linear motor, the moving meter and the retaining element of motor can not represented in last term.According to these application, in fact secondary can being fixed, and elementary can moving being parallel on the secondary plane, vice versa.
In the linear motor of routine, as shown in Figure 1, secondary 101 comprise the Variable Polarity permanent magnet 102 that the upper surface of a series of and iron fixed surface 103 is pasted together.Magnet 102 produces fixedly magnetic flux, and this is magnetic flux and the variation magnetic flux reciprocation that is produced by the electric current in elementary 106 the coil 105 when two supporting arrangements move mutually fixedly, thereby produces the mechanism that is converted into thrust or power.
The reverse motor of rotating magnetic flux that is considered to brushless also is considered to the same position that is positioned at coil, on the promptly elementary or stator, has permanent magnet.More particularly, two magnets stick on each elementary tooth, towards the air gap, and have opposite magnetic orientation and symmetrical polarity for contiguous tooth, i.e. N-S S-N N-SS-N etc.Rotor is substituted by the dentate gyrus rod structure made from soft ferromagnetic material to be formed, and the tooth pitch of this column structure and the necessary number of magnetic poles of this machine adapt.
In the flux-reversal turning motor, because induction, permanent magnet makes the dentalation polarization of rotor, and this is the magnetic flux on other tooth of closed stator successively.From the angle of magnetic flux line, the relative motion of two parts causes magnetic geometric configuration and the correspondingly continuous variation in magnetic flux line path.This variation causes variable inverse electromotive force in coil, this inverse electromotive force is opposite with the voltage that is produced by the external power source to coil power supply, and representative is by the spontaneous voltage of motor.The conceptual dependency of this inverse electromotive force and voltage constant connection, and correspondingly with conceptual dependency connection as the torque coefficient of turning motor feature.
This parameter is of crucial importance to the operation of machine, and is complete in the electric current and the speed that equate under the excitation of permanent magnet action because it is pointed out for having, can be from the moment of torsion of its acquisition.
A shortcoming that characterizes the known linear motor is a large amount of permanent magnets that institute must use, and this depends on secondary length fully, and/or the stroke of motor.
Another shortcoming of known electric motor is relevant with the complex operations of fixed permanent magnet, and this complex operations also needs sizable cost aspect production except the installation time that prolongs motor.And the fitting-type of this permanent magnet need be born the additional problem of the mechanical action that takes place between magnet and iron parts, therefore also may cause permanent magnet to separate and the machine stoppage phase thereupon.
Summary of the invention
Aim of the present invention is by providing a kind of linear motor to solve as noted above problem, and this motor has a spot of parts, and guarantees the good performance aspect thrust.
For this reason, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of linear motor of protecting permanent magnet not separate with respective support and not influenced by any harmful external factor.
The cascade that another object of the present invention provides a kind of stator coil increases to improve the linear motor of linear electrical engine efficiency with same number of turns.
And the present invention also has additional purpose: reduce and make and the required operation of assembling linear motor.
Another object of the present invention provide a kind of height reliable, provide relatively easy, and have the linear motor of competitive cost.
Hereinafter with tangible more this aim and these and other purpose, realize by a kind of magnetic flux reverse linear motor according to the present invention, this flux-reversal motor comprises the primary element that is provided with at least one elementary tooth, the homologous lines corral that is fit to the conduction variable current is arranged around this elementary tooth, its characteristics are, this linear motor comprises the dentation secondary element towards above-mentioned at least one elementary tooth, this dentation secondary element comprises the secondary tooth that a series of ferromagnetic materials are made, described at least one the elementary tooth of these secondary teeth directionals is outstanding to determine the air gap of motor, at the end that guides towards the elementary tooth of motor air gap, each elementary tooth comprises pair of magnets, and this is installed into the opposite mutually polarity of guide towards the air gap to magnet.
Description of drawings
That further feature and advantage of the present invention will illustrate from the mode with indefiniteness example the accompanying drawing, according to the preferable of linear motor of the present invention but become more obvious in the description of non-exclusive embodiment, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic sectional view of conventional permanent magnet linear motor;
Fig. 2 is the schematic front view according to linear motor of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the front view of the linear motor of preferred embodiment according to the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the lamination front view of elementary tooth shown in Figure 3;
Fig. 5 is the modularization lamination front view of the yoke shape device of elementary tooth shown in Figure 3;
Fig. 6 is the magnetic flux line chart of linear motor shown in Figure 3.
Embodiment
Referring to accompanying drawing, generally the linear motor of pointing out with Reference numeral 1 according to the present invention comprises primary element or stator 2, and this stator is linear, and is provided with at least one tooth 3, or preferably a plurality of tooth that is arranged side by side 3.
Preferably, primary element 2 is made up of a plurality of ferromagnetic laminates, and this lamination is of similar shape, and is stacked the stacked wafer moudle that has the dentalation of primary element 2 as shown in the figure with formation.
Linear motor 1 also comprises the dentation secondary element 5 that ferromagnetic material is made, and this secondary element is flat, and towards the tooth 3 of primary element.
Primary element and secondary element are installed on the structure of supporting primary element (or secondary element, depend on application) linear movement (attached not shown in the figures) routinely, and other element is maintained fixed.
Dentation secondary element 5 has a series of teeth, is called secondary tooth 6 at this, and this tooth is also made with ferromagnetic material, preferably is soft iron.Secondary tooth 6 can directly be set on the ferromagnetic platen that constitutes secondary element, perhaps can make discretely or be fixed on the dish, as shown in Figure 3.
If necessary, the direction of the secondary tooth 6 and the horizontal expansion of elementary tooth 3 can be different mutually, perhaps can tilt, to avoid parasitic disturbances or the teeth groove phenomenon in the motor emerged in operation.Elementary tooth 3 and/or secondary tooth 6 be transverse arrangement of turbo optionally, arranging the space harmonics of above-mentioned teeth groove by opposite phases, and eliminates them theoretically.As an alternative, elementary tooth 3 and/or secondary tooth 6 can asymmetry ground and/or aperiodicity ground arrange, to reduce some magnetic resistance is minimized, and correspondingly make minimum and ceiling capacity point more close.
Each elementary tooth 3, guided towards secondary tooth 6 at tooth 3---promptly towards motor air gap 11---end, comprise at least one pair of permanent magnet 9 and 10. Magnet 9 and 10 is installed into and guides mutually opposite polarity towards the air gap 11, and on the longitudinal direction 7 of motor, overturns according to the right polarity of magnet of contiguous elementary tooth 3.In Fig. 2 and 3, magnet 9 and 10 polarity illustrate in the mode of vertical arrows.
Magnet can be installed in the end of tooth 3, for example by they are pasted on the lower surface of tooth 3, as shown in Figure 2.Yet in preferred embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 3, magnet is accommodated at least one inner chamber of elementary tooth 3 ends 31 of air gap 11 9 and 10.Particularly, in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, terminal 31 comprise two cavitys 32,33 of the magnet separately 9,10 that is suitable for holding tooth 3.
The cavity 32 and 33 that is provided with at tooth 3 terminal 31 preferably runs through cavity, so that can make things convenient for installation in the primary element structure by permanent magnet is slipped into.For example can be used for making in the structure that forms by lamination of primary element 2, be fit to determine that by adopting conventional sheet material process technology to be provided with the opening that runs through of cavity 32 and 33 is especially convenient with efficiently.
Preferably, cavity 32 and 33 such inside dimensions make can with magnet 9 and the coupling of 10 shapes separately, move at the magnet of cavity 32 and 33 inside preventing.
Advantageously, the pedestal 34 of cavity has low thickness (for example 0.4mm), to reach the caused magnetic saturation of magnetic flux that permanent magnet produces.By this mode, the magnetic flux line that is produced by permanent magnet is not closed at once in holding the tooth iron of magnet, but passes air gap 11, enters secondary 5 dentalation 6, and withdraws to be connected with the coil 4 of other tooth.
Each elementary tooth 3 can further have be arranged between two magnets 9 and 10 every magnetic magnetic barrier 35, should be fit to the path of increase every magnetic magnetic barrier by the magnetic flux line F of the permanent magnet generation of a tooth, and force above-mentioned magnetic flux line to be connected with the coil of adjacent teeth, as shown in Figure 6.By this mode, for identical coil turn, by increasing the quantity of each coil 4 cascade, because magnetic flux can more effectively be delivered to another tooth from a tooth,---being permanent magnet---and by driver unit, the voltage constant that causes has also increased, and motor 1 has higher efficient.
Every magnetic magnetic barrier 35 can be the groove coaxial with the vertical axis of elementary tooth 3, and far above the thickness of permanent magnet, as shown in Figure 3.The height of groove 35 can be substantially equal to or a little less than the height of tooth 3, or comes the major part along the axis that passes coil 4 like this.
For cavity 32 and 33, if primary element 2 is made up of the stacked wafer moudle that piles up, be convenient especially with efficiently, because such lamination can be processed with conventional sheet material process technology every providing of magnetic magnetic barrier 35, with when piling up lamination, obtain to determine to hinder 35 needed otch every magnetic magnetic.
According to a special aspects of the present invention, the lamination of forming primary element provides according to modular construction, a plurality of yoke shape devices 40 that pile up are connected to each other in this modular construction, and be connected on the upper end of lamination 30 assemblies of forming elementary tooth 3, preferably pass through the mode that wedging or interlocking connect.
In more detail, referring to Fig. 5, each modularization yoke shape device 40 is made up of the lamination of the basic rectangle that ferromagnetic material is made, and this lamination has side tenon 41 and side mortise 42 respectively on two side.By this mode, can be simply by increase the longitudinal size of secondary element 2 according to the add-on assemble of existing yoke shape structure, yoke shape device 40, separately the horizontal interlocking of elementary tooth 3.
Each elementary tooth also can be made up of the assembly (Fig. 4) of ferromagnetic laminates 30, and this assembly is correctly used machining, with being identified for magnet and obtaining otch every the method for the cavity of magnetic magnetic barrier 35.Certainly, each lamination 30 of tooth need not integral type provide, but also can form with the half lap sheet of two mirror image symmetries, and each half lap sheet is provided with the cavity that is used for magnet separately, in case and the side be shaped to be arranged side by side and just be identified for groove every magnetic magnetic barrier 35.
Yoke shape device 40 also comprises at least one down mortise 43, and this mortise is fit to corresponding tenon 44 interlockings that are provided with in each lamination 30 with tooth 3.Providing of mortise 43, or in any case in the interlocking that is used to support elementary tooth or rail shape mode, not only make can be on yoke shape device Fast Installation stacked wafer moudle 30, also make the lateral dimension that may extend primary element.
In fact, found to reach re-set target fully according to linear motor of the present invention, because its at first feasible quantity that can reduce permanent magnet up hill and dale, this is totally independent of the length of motor stroke, i.e. the longitudinal size of secondary element.Secondary so can make by soft iron simply, and need not expensive permanent magnet, permanent magnet keeps being limited in the elementary movable part, and exists with the limited quantity that does not rely on length of stroke.
And the installation of the magnet in the suitable supporting cavity that is provided with in elementary tooth guarantees to be used to support the reliable fashion of magnet, and eliminates the conventional steps that arduously magnet is pasted on secondary simultaneously fully.Therefore, service quality is lower than those must paste magnet on secondary routinely, and the performance that does not influence motor also is possible.
And by the anisotropy parts that caused by secondary magnetic resistance change rate, the mechanical action that is caused by the magnetic flux interaction is strengthened.
Therefore, consider that contribution to the generation of power is the variation decision of the magnetic resistance that all experienced by each coil in the relative motion process of primary and secondary, and according to the special rules of above-mentioned Magnetic Circuit Shape regulation, induction coefficient changes, in the present invention, the contribution of the power that anisotropy is relevant is added in the excitation contribution, thereby improves the performance of motor.
The correct selection of tooth pitch and coil arrangement is a design alternative of making a decision voluntarily significantly, and this is chosen in skilled person's the grasp in this field, and depends on the needs to the desired concrete application of motor.This selection is intended to obtain for the coil turn of the equivalent inverse electromotive force of maximized sinusoidal shape as much as possible.For example, on elementary, have six grooves, have under the situation of eight magnetic poles on secondary, as shown in Figure 3,, find that the width of secondary tooth must equal the width of elementary upper magnet in order to obtain sinusoidal substantially inverse electromotive force.
So the device of conception is allowed numerous modifications and variations, and all modifications and variations are all within the scope of inventive concept.For example, clearly, the tooth that is used for each primary element of the present invention can comprise more than a pair of permanent magnet with mutual polar form layout, and is unfavorable at economic aspect although this changes.
All details of the present invention certainly replace with other technical suitable element, the material of use and size can be as required with the prior art development level but arbitrarily.
Claims (11)
1. linear motor, comprise the primary element that is provided with at least one elementary tooth, be suitable for conducting the homologous lines corral of variable-current around described elementary tooth layout, it is characterized in that, described linear motor comprises the dentation secondary element towards described at least one elementary tooth, described dentation secondary element comprises a plurality of secondary teeth of being made by ferromagnetic material, described at least one the elementary tooth of described secondary teeth directional is outstanding, to constitute the air gap of described motor, at the described elementary tooth end that is guided towards the described air gap of described motor, each elementary tooth comprises at least one pair of magnet, and described magnet is installed into the opposite mutually polarity of guide towards described air gap.
2. linear motor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described primary element comprises a plurality of described elementary teeth that are arranged side by side along the longitudinal direction of described motor, the magnet of each elementary tooth is to being installed on the longitudinal direction of described motor, and the polarity right with respect to adjacent elementary tooth magnet obtains opposite polarity.
3. linear motor as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described magnet is installed on the surface of the described elementary tooth end of described air gap.
4. linear motor as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described magnet is to being contained at least one cavity of arranging in the described elementary tooth end of described air gap.
5. linear motor as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, described elementary tooth end comprises two cavitys that are suitable for holding described magnet centering magnet separately.
6. as claim 4 or 5 described linear motors, it is characterized in that described cavity is a permeate chamber, to admit described magnet by sliding.
7. as each the described linear motor in the claim 4,5 and 6, it is characterized in that the inside dimension of described cavity is such, make and to be coupled with magnet shape separately.
8. as each the described linear motor in the claim 4 to 7, it is characterized in that, in the described cavity each comprises the pedestal that is suitable for supporting described magnet, and described pedestal has such thickness, reaches magnetic saturation with the magnetic flux that produces owing to described magnet.
9. as each the described linear motor in the above-mentioned claim, it is characterized in that, each elementary tooth comprise be arranged between the right described magnet of described magnet every magnetic magnetic barrier, the magnetic flux line cascade between the described coil that is suitable for impelling different elementary teeth every magnetic magnetic barrier.
10. linear motor as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, described is the groove coaxial with the vertical axis of described elementary tooth every magnetic magnetic barrier, and described groove has the height that extends along the major part of described coil axis in described coil.
11. as each the described linear motor in the above-mentioned claim, it is characterized in that each elementary tooth is made up of the identical stacked wafer moudle of shape, each lamination has and is suitable in described assembly determining described cavity and/or the described otch that hinders every magnetic magnetic.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100958250A CN101572473A (en) | 2008-04-29 | 2008-04-29 | Magnetic flux reverse linear motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100958250A CN101572473A (en) | 2008-04-29 | 2008-04-29 | Magnetic flux reverse linear motor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101572473A true CN101572473A (en) | 2009-11-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNA2008100958250A Pending CN101572473A (en) | 2008-04-29 | 2008-04-29 | Magnetic flux reverse linear motor |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104935148A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-09-23 | 东南大学 | A magnetic-flux reverse direction type permanent magnet linear motor and a motor module group comprising same |
| CN107070165A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-08-18 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of flux-reversal type permanent-magnetism linear motor and its application |
| CN109660103A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2019-04-19 | 艾塔尔公司 | Secondary component and ironless linear motors for ironless linear motors |
| CN110932521A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-03-27 | 江苏大学 | Primary permanent magnet bilateral linear magnetic field modulation motor and low magnetic resistance design method thereof |
| CN113890289A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2022-01-04 | 华中科技大学 | Design method of multi-magnetomotive permanent magnet array and flux reversal motor |
-
2008
- 2008-04-29 CN CNA2008100958250A patent/CN101572473A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104935148A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-09-23 | 东南大学 | A magnetic-flux reverse direction type permanent magnet linear motor and a motor module group comprising same |
| CN107070165A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-08-18 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of flux-reversal type permanent-magnetism linear motor and its application |
| CN107070165B (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2019-10-08 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of flux-reversal type permanent-magnetism linear motor and its application |
| CN109660103A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2019-04-19 | 艾塔尔公司 | Secondary component and ironless linear motors for ironless linear motors |
| CN110932521A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-03-27 | 江苏大学 | Primary permanent magnet bilateral linear magnetic field modulation motor and low magnetic resistance design method thereof |
| CN113890289A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2022-01-04 | 华中科技大学 | Design method of multi-magnetomotive permanent magnet array and flux reversal motor |
| CN113890289B (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2022-09-20 | 华中科技大学 | Design method of multi-magnetomotive permanent magnet array and flux reversal motor |
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Open date: 20091104 |