CN101563645B - 用于场发射装置背光单元的屏幕结构 - Google Patents

用于场发射装置背光单元的屏幕结构 Download PDF

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CN101563645B
CN101563645B CN2006800566944A CN200680056694A CN101563645B CN 101563645 B CN101563645 B CN 101563645B CN 2006800566944 A CN2006800566944 A CN 2006800566944A CN 200680056694 A CN200680056694 A CN 200680056694A CN 101563645 B CN101563645 B CN 101563645B
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詹姆斯·克莱平格
理查德·H·米勒
戴维·P·查姆帕
彼得·M·里特
欧内斯特·E·多尔舒克
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International Digital Madison Patent Holding SAS
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    • HELECTRICITY
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于场发射装置背光单元的屏幕结构。液晶显示器包含结合到场发射装置背光单元的液晶显示器前端部件。场发射装置背光单元具有阴极和阳极。阴极设有多个发射体单元。阳极设有屏幕结构,该屏幕结构具有均形成为大致上连续的条的多个磷光体元件。每个磷光体元件具有与之对齐的多个发射体单元。

Description

用于场发射装置背光单元的屏幕结构
技术领域
本发明涉及包含液晶显示器前端部件和场发射装置背光单元的液晶显示器。该场发射装置背光单元包含具有屏幕结构(screen structure)的阳极,该屏幕结构具有形成为大致上连续的条的磷光体元件,其中多行发射体单元与每个磷光体元件对齐。
背景技术
液晶显示器(LCD)总体而言为光阀。因此,为了产生图像,LCD必须被照射。基本图像区域(像素、子像素)由小面积的电寻址的光快门形成。在传统LCD显示器中,通过白光照射以及对与各个红色、绿色和蓝色子图像相对应的相应子像素光透射的颜色过滤而产生颜色。更先进的LCD显示器提供对背光的可编程,以通过相应脉冲光的滚动(scrolling)来消除运动模糊。例如,滚动可以通过按照下述方式布置多个冷阴极荧光灯来获得,诸如美国专利No.7,093,970(每个显示器具有大约10个灯泡)中的LCD显示器,即,灯的长轴沿着显示器的水平轴,且各个灯与该LCD显示器的垂直逐行寻址近似同步地被激励。备选地,热灯丝荧光灯泡可被采用且可以类似地被滚动,各个灯泡按照自顶至底循环的方式逐个开启和关闭,由此该滚动可以减小运动赝像。背光灯置于漫射器之前。LCD显示器可包含支持滤色器和偏振器的玻璃板。
通过使用LED(发光二极管)用于背光,可获得对标准LCD技术的进一步改进。通过将LED按照均匀分布方式布置在液晶材料后面并提供包含整个背光***的三组LED(蓝、绿和红),可以获得附加的可编程性和附加的性能得益。这些LED照射器的关键特征包含优良的黑色水平、增强的动态范围以及也消除了滤色器。通过按照颜色场序方式操作背光和LCD,可以消除滤色器。尽管LED背光可提供出色的图像特性,但成本高昂。为此,存在对于具有使用LED背光的LCD的性能能力的较不昂贵备选LCD的需求。
发明内容
液晶显示器包含结合到场发射装置背光单元的液晶显示器前端部件。场发射装置背光单元具有阴极和阳极。阳极设有屏幕结构,该屏幕结构具有均形成为大致上连续的条的多个磷光体元件。每个磷光体元件与形成于阴极上的多行的场发射体单元对齐。
附图说明
本发明现在将参考附图通过示例的方式予以描述。
图1为包含液晶显示器前端部件和场发射装置背光单元的液晶显示器的部分断面图。
图2为图1的场发射装置背光单元中的屏幕结构的平面图。
图3为根据本发明的包含液晶显示器前端部件和场发射装置背光单元的液晶显示器的断面图。
图4为图3的场发射装置背光单元中的屏幕结构的平面图。
图5为图3的场发射装置背光单元的断面图。
图6为图3的场发射装置背光单元的另一断面图。
具体实施方式
图1-2示出液晶显示器的实施例。如图1所示,液晶显示器包含液晶显示器前端部件160和场发射装置背光单元150。如图1所示,液晶显示器前端部件160由漫射器151、偏振器152、电路板153、液晶(LC)154、玻璃板155、第二偏振器156以及表面处理膜157组成。由于漫射器、偏振器、电路板、LC、玻璃板、第二偏振器和表面处理膜的配置和操作在本领域是已知的,此处不提供对其的进一步描述。
场发射装置背光单元150由阴极107和阳极104组成。阳极104设有由磷光体元件133的排布组成的屏幕结构。如图2所示,磷光体元件133由红色磷光体元件133R、绿色磷光体元件133G和蓝色磷光体元件133B组成。红色磷光体元件133R、绿色磷光体元件133G和蓝色磷光体元件133B可按行和列的方式形成。(一般而言,措辞″行″通常指水平取向,″列″指垂直取向;然而,在本说明书和权利要求书中,除非另外指出,″行″或″列″可以水平取向、垂直取向或者介于其间的特定取向)。每列可仅具有一种磷光体元件颜色且磷光体元件颜色可以沿着每一行循环。磷光体元件133按照约1-5毫米的节距A布置,且可以由黑矩阵139分隔。(黑矩阵可以分隔列或行,或既分隔列又分隔行)。如图1所示,阴极107设有多个可以发射电子18的发射体单元。发射体单元由红色发射体单元127R、绿色发射体单元127G和蓝色发射体单元127B组成。发射体单元按照与磷光体元件133相同的节距来布置。当阴极107密封到阳极104时,每个发射体单元必须与每个相应的磷光体元件133精确地对齐。例如,如图1所示,每个红色发射体单元127R必须与红色磷光体元件133R对齐,每个绿色发射体单元127G必须与绿色磷光体元件133G对齐,且每个蓝色发射体单元127B必须与蓝色磷光体元件133R对齐,以确保从发射体单元发射的电子18到达正确的磷光体元件133。
图1-2所示的场发射装置背光单元150的配置可以改进。由于磷光体元件133的配置和取向,当屏幕结构形成时,磷光体元件133必须在两个方向完全对齐,使得屏幕结构制作困难。附加地,当阴极107密封到阳极104时,每个发射体单元必须与每个相应的磷光体元件133在两个方向精确地对齐,使得从发射体单元发射的电子118不到达错误的磷光体元件133,这使得对齐是关键的。再者,由于彩色磷光体元件133沿着屏幕结构的每一行循环,难以编程场发射装置背光单元150以激励每一行的一部分或者全部。
图3中的液晶显示器为本发明的优选实施例。与图1所示和描述的LCD相比,其更容易编程、对齐和制作。该液晶显示器包含液晶显示器前端部件60和场发射装置背光单元50。在所示实施例中,场发射装置背光单元50结合到液晶显示器前端部件60以提供背光用于液晶显示器。然而,场发射装置背光单元50也可以用作不包含液晶显示器前端部件60的直接显示装置。
如图3所示,液晶显示器前端部件50由漫射器51、偏振器52、电路板53、液晶(LC)54、玻璃板55、第二偏振器56和表面处理膜57组成。漫射器51和偏振器52可包含亮度增强元件,例如由3M制作的VIKUITITM光学膜,其通过再循环不被使用的光以及优化光入射在LC 54上的角度来提高液晶显示器的亮度。
如图3所示,场发射装置背光单元50由阴极7和阳极4组成。阳极4包含透明导体1沉积于其上的玻璃基板2。透明导体1可以是例如氧化铟锡。磷光体元件33应用到透明导体1以形成屏幕结构。如图4所示,磷光体元件33由红色磷光体元件33R、绿色磷光体元件33G和蓝色磷光体元件33B组成。红色磷光体元件33R、绿色磷光体元件33G和蓝色磷光体元件33B形成为大致上连续的条(stripe),其大致上相互平行地延伸。每个磷光体元件33可具有宽度W,例如大于1毫米。FED背光部件可具有比前端LCD低的分辨率(即,具体激励背光的单元可提供选定颜色的光用于多个LCD像素)。
在所示实施例中,每个磷光体元件33邻接相邻的一个磷光体元件33,且每个磷光体元件33沿水平方向连续地延伸。然而,本领域技术人员将理解,磷光体元件33的取向和连续性可以依据期望的扫描图案而变化,例如,磷光体元件33可以备选地沿垂直方向或者以介于0-90度的角度而延伸。附加地,中断(未示出)可形成于磷光体元件33内以容纳间隔物(未示出)或其它装置(未示出)或者容纳复杂扫描图案。
磷光体元件33可以由低电压磷光体材料、阴极射线管磷光体材料或者非水兼容性磷光体形成。在10-15千伏工作范围,阴极射线管磷光体材料是最合适的。如图5所示,大致上薄的反射金属膜21可以应用在磷光体元件33之上。反射金属膜21用于通过将发射朝向阴极7的光反射离开阴极7来提高场发射装置背光单元50的亮度。
如图5-6所示,阴极7包含介电材料28、介电载体31、背板29和背板支持结构30。介电材料28具有多个发射体单元27。如图4所示,发射体单元27由布置成行的红色发射体单元27R、绿色发射体单元27G和蓝色发射体单元27B组成。阴极7可包含介于约10-2000的可单独编程的行和列,取决于场发射装置背光单元50的期望用途。如图5-6所示,每个发射体单元27包含多个电子发射体16。电子发射体16布置成阵列且具有发射体孔径25。在所示实施例中,电子发射体16为锥形微端(microtip)发射体,不过本领域技术人员将理解,其它类型的电子发射体可以被使用,例如碳纳米管发射体,其在工作于约10千伏以上阳极电势的场发射装置背光单元50中在1毫米以上的像素分辨率范围内可以是有效的。电子发射体16具有约15-30微米的节距D。发射体孔径25具有约10微米的开口尺寸B。每个电子发射体16与闸(gate)26关联。闸26可以支撑在介电材料28上。
如图5所示,阴极7与阳极4隔开约1-5毫米的距离C。阴极7密封到阳极4,使得多行的发射体单元27与每个磷光体元件33对齐,如图4所示。在所示实施例中,三行红色发射体单元27R与红色磷光体元件33R对齐,三行绿色发射体单元27G与绿色磷光体元件33G对齐,且三行蓝色发射体单元27B与蓝色磷光体元件33R对齐。由于红色、绿色和蓝色磷光体元件33R、33G、33B形成为大致上连续的条且每个红色、绿色和蓝色发射体单元27R、27G、27B被分组在一起,红色、绿色和蓝色发射体单元27R、27G、27B与相应的红色、绿色和蓝色磷光体元件33R、33G、33B仅要求沿一个方向精确对齐。尽管图3所示用于每个磷光体元件的多个行为3,该多个可以是大于1的另外数目。
场发射装置背光单元50的操作现在将予以描述。电源(未示出)应用电势Va到阳极4。该电源(未示出)可以是例如工作于10-20千伏范围的直流电源。闸电势Vq应用到期望的闸26。由于在阴极7内形成的电场,电子发射体16发射电子18。电子18行经发射体孔径25朝向阳极4。电子18到达阳极4上的相应磷光体元件33,由此导致光子发射,光子46被引导朝向观察者或者朝向液晶显示器前端部件60的漫射器51。所发射的光子46被漫射,使得当恰当的红色、绿色和/或蓝色磷光体元件33R、33G、33B被激励时,白色、绿色、红色和/或蓝色光穿过液晶显示器的像素。
场发射装置背光单元50是可编程的,使得场发射装置背光单元50可以选择性地提供特定颜色的光到液晶显示器的特定像素。当场发射装置背光单元50是可编程时,该液晶显示器可以实现优化的黑色水平、宽的动态范围、无模糊的运动表现以及大的色域。(可编程性意味着智能的背光能力,其中仅所需颜色的光产生于屏幕的具***置,LCD单元在那里被激励以透射光)。例如,由于每行包含单一颜色的磷光体元件33,场发射装置背光单元50可具有水平可编程性,其中每个特定颜色行的或者一部分或者全部可被激励。由于所有的同一颜色磷光体元件33被分组在一起,这一类型的水平可编程性易于处理。附加地,由于所有的同一颜色磷光体元件33被分组在一起,由于空间电荷以及与这些间隔相关联的发射角度引起的电子18展宽对于场发射装置背光单元50的颜色性能不是有害的。
前文描述用于实践本发明的可能性。在本发明的范围和精神内有许多其它实施例。例如,在所示实施例中,场发射装置背光单元50工作于颜色顺序模式,因此液晶显示器前端部件60内无需滤色器;然而,本发明另一实施例可包含滤色器,其可以提供更窄颜色波长范围的机会。因此,前文描述旨在阐述而非限制,且本发明的范围由所附权利要求书及其等同范围给出。

Claims (15)

1.一种液晶显示器,包含:
液晶显示器前端部件(60);以及
结合到所述液晶显示器前端部件的场发射装置背光单元(50),所述场发射装置背光单元具有阴极(7)和阳极(4),所述阴极设有多个发射体单元(27R,27G,27B),所述阳极设有屏幕结构,所述屏幕结构具有均形成为大致上连续的条的多个磷光体元件(33R,33G,33B),每个所述磷光体元件具有与之对齐的多行的所述发射体单元,其中每个所述发射体单元是多个电子发射体(16)的分离组。
2.如权利要求1所述的液晶显示器,其中所述场发射装置背光单元具有比所述液晶显示器前端部件低的分辨率。
3.如权利要求1所述的液晶显示器,其中所述磷光体元件相互平行地延伸。
4.如权利要求1所述的液晶显示器,其中每个所述磷光体元件具有大于1毫米的宽度。
5.如权利要求1所述的液晶显示器,其中所述场发射装置背光单元是可编程的。
6.如权利要求1所述的液晶显示器,其中每个所述磷光体元件邻接相邻的一个所述磷光体元件。
7.如权利要求1所述的液晶显示器,其中所述磷光体元件由红色磷光体元件、绿色磷光体元件和蓝色磷光体元件组成。
8.如权利要求7所述的液晶显示器,其中与所述红色磷光体元件对齐的所述发射体单元由红色发射体单元组成,与所述绿色磷光体元件对齐的所述发射体单元由绿色发射体单元组成,以及与所述蓝色磷光体元件对齐的所述发射体单元由蓝色发射体单元组成。
9.一种场发射装置,包含:
阴极,设有多个发射体单元;以及
阳极,设有屏幕结构,所述屏幕结构具有均形成为大致上连续的条的多个磷光体元件,每个所述磷光体元件具有与之对齐的多行发射体单元,其中每个所述发射体单元是多个电子发射体(16)的分离组。
10.如权利要求9所述的场发射装置,其中所述磷光体元件大致上相互平行地延伸。
11.如权利要求9所述的场发射装置,其中每个所述磷光体元件具有大于1毫米的宽度。
12.如权利要求9所述的场发射装置,其中所述场发射装置是可编程的。
13.如权利要求9所述的场发射装置,其中每个所述磷光体元件邻接相邻的一个所述磷光体元件。
14.如权利要求9所述的场发射装置,其中所述磷光体元件由红色磷光体元件、绿色磷光体元件和蓝色磷光体元件组成。
15.如权利要求14所述的场发射装置,其中与所述红色磷光体元件对齐的所述发射体单元由红色发射体单元组成,与所述绿色磷光体元件对齐的所述发射体单元由绿色发射体单元组成,以及与所述蓝色磷光体元件对齐的所述发射体单元由蓝色发射体单元组成。
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