CN101562772A - Method for designing whole acoustic structure of micro-telephone receiver - Google Patents
Method for designing whole acoustic structure of micro-telephone receiver Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for designing a whole acoustic structure of a micro-telephone receiver. The method comprises the establishment of a complete acoustic equivalent circuit diagram of the telephone receiver; the complete acoustic equivalent circuit diagram of the telephone receiver comprises an electrical system, a mechanical system and an acoustic system; the electrical system comprises a magnet, a voice coil and a signal source; the mechanical system comprises a diaphragm support system, a diaphragm and the voice coil; and the acoustic system comprises coupling space before and after the diaphragm and an artificial ear containing the leakage. The method utilizes the differential evolution algorithm or the genetic algorithm to design the whole acoustic structure of the telephone receiver according to the nature of generating sound pressure in the ear, so as to obtain values of the related elements of the acoustic circuit diagram, including a front cover plate and a coupling cavity of the telephone receiver, a speaker frame and the coupling cavity, the diaphragm support system, the diaphragm, the voice coils, a magnetic circuit, an electrical circuit, the artificial ear containing the leakage and other sub-parts. The method can be used for authoring telephone receiver design software or the optimized design of the whole acoustic structure of the telephone receiver.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of acoustic construction method for designing, specifically a kind of method for designing whole acoustic structure of micro-telephone receiver.
Background technology
Receiver is the microphone device that is transmitted as purpose in communication with language.It converts the electrical signal to acoustical signal, sends into people's ear.Under the perfect situation of the hypothesis signal of telecommunication, the sound quality that the hearer experiences depends on the electroacoustic performance of receiver and the degree of coupling of receiver and people's ear.Therefore, the electroacoustic performance of design receiver, the necessary characteristic of considering people's ear.Have than big difference with the method for designing of common Microspeaker electroacoustic performance, the design of micro-telephone receiver need consider to comprise the whole acoustic constructions such as coupling of the scattering of front and back cavity, place, unit casing, the number of people of receiver unit, unit and absorption, people's ear.
Existing micro-telephone receiver method for designing generally all concentrates in the design of receiver unit acoustic performance.As adopt different transducing mode (electronic or electromagnetic type), and adopt different vibrating diaphragm shape (circle, oval and rectangle), adopt different diaphragm materials and magnetic circuit material etc.The designer has been noted that the people's ear coupling that must consider under the leakage situation when the design receiver.On 2008 the 7th phases " electroacoustic techniques " periodical, Xi Aijun and Jin Yidong have delivered and have been entitled as " simulation study of Microspeaker and receiver " literary composition.This article has mainly been studied the equivalent electric circuit emulation of Microspeaker and receiver, has considered the people ear coupling of receiver under the big or small leakage situation of difference, has provided the simulation result that adopts universal circuit routine analyzer PSPICE.But this method not only needs to utilize circuit analysis program PSPICE, and can't directly be optimized design according to design object.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method for designing whole acoustic structure of micro-telephone receiver.This method provides the equivalent acoustics line map of whole acoustic structure of micro-telephone receiver by electromechanical-acoustic analogy.In order to calculate the acoustic pressure of micro-telephone receiver in artitificial ear, at first according to the acoustic impedance of artitificial ear, obtain receiver front shroud and coupling cavity, basin frame and the coupling cavity equiva lent impedance before and after vibrating diaphragm respectively, realize the decoupling zero of sound field and vibration, thereby can when considering the vibrating diaphragm vibration, not consider the reaction of sound, only need to consider its equivalent radiation impedance.After the vibrating diaphragm vibration velocity is known, obtain the volume velocity of whole sound source, utilize relevant formula, and then the cumulative volume speed that obtains giving off, obtain acoustic pressure in the artitificial ear at last.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of method for designing whole acoustic structure of micro-telephone receiver is characterized in that design is optimized this method to acoustic construction by the total acoustics equivalent diagram of receiver, may further comprise the steps:
A) set up the total acoustics equivalent diagram of receiver;
The total acoustics equivalent diagram of receiver comprises electric system, mechanical system and sound system; Electric system comprises magnet, voice coil loudspeaker voice coil, signal source; The signal of telecommunication of the signal source voice coil loudspeaker voice coil of feeding, the voice coil loudspeaker voice coil that causes having electric current moves in the magnetic field that magnet produces; Mechanical system comprises vibrating diaphragm support system, vibrating diaphragm and voice coil loudspeaker voice coil; Voice coil loudspeaker voice coil is connected on the vibrating diaphragm, constitutes the main quality of mechanical system jointly, and the vibrating diaphragm that the vibrating diaphragm support system will have voice coil loudspeaker voice coil is supported in the magnetic field; Sound system comprises the coupled room before and after the vibrating diaphragm and comprises the artitificial ear of leakage; Vibrating diaphragm drives air movement before and after the vibrating diaphragm, produces sound wave, and sound wave will be by the coupled room before and after the vibrating diaphragm to external radiation, and the sound wave before the vibrating diaphragm will be coupled in the artitificial ear, and the preceding cavity of ear and vibrating diaphragm be coupled with leakage.
B) sound pressure characteristic that in people's ear, produces that designs as requested, utilize differential evolution algorithm or genetic algorithm design receiver whole acoustic structure, obtain the value of the relevant elements of acoustic circuit figure, comprise receiver front shroud and coupling cavity, basin frame and coupling cavity, vibrating diaphragm support system, vibrating diaphragm, voice coil loudspeaker voice coil, magnetic circuit, circuit and and comprise each subdivision of artitificial ear of leakage.
Among the present invention, the total acoustics equivalent diagram of receiver is decomposed into electric system, mechanical system and three subsystems of sound system.The electric system of receiver comprises the influence of magnet, voice coil loudspeaker voice coil, signal source and mechanical system and sound system.The influence of mechanical system and sound system mainly shows by the back electromotive force that motion conduct produces in magnetic field.E wherein
g, R
gBe the electromotive force and the internal resistance of signal source, R
E, L
EBe respectively resistance, inductance and the geometrical length of voice coil loudspeaker voice coil with l.B is the magnetic flux density in magnetic field, by magnet characteristic and magnetic Circuit Design decisions such as (gas length and cross sections).Total internal resistance R of electric system
T=R
g+ R
EOwing to be the acoustics equivalent diagram, so the electromotive force in the electric system, resistance and inductance etc. need carry out respective change according to electro-acoustic analogy.Electromotive force becomes e
gBl/ (R
T+ j ω L
E) S
D, resistance in the circuit and inductance become resistance and the electric capacity in the acoustic circuit, and formula is respectively (Bl)
2/ R
T(S
D)
2(S
D)
2L
E/ (Bl)
2S wherein
DIt is the equivalent swept area of vibrating diaphragm;
Mechanical system mainly is made of vibrating diaphragm support system, vibrating diaphragm, voice coil loudspeaker voice coil.Its mechanical damping is R
AS, comprise the damping on vibrating diaphragm support system and the vibrating diaphragm; C
ASTotal equivalent force for vibrating diaphragm support system and vibrating diaphragm; M
Vibrating diaphragm mAnd M
Voice coil loudspeaker voice coil mBe respectively the quality of vibrating diaphragm and voice coil loudspeaker voice coil etc., M
ASBe M
Vibrating diaphragm mWith M
Voice coil loudspeaker voice coil mAnd.
Sound system mainly is made up of coupled room before and after the vibrating diaphragm and the artitificial ear that comprises leakage.M wherein
AfAnd R
AfBe respectively the equivalent sound quality and the acoustic damping of vibrating diaphragm ante-chamber, and M
1k, R
1kBe respectively the acoustic mass and the acoustic damping (because acoustic mass and viscous acoustic damping that the length of aperture is introduced) of first aperture on the front shroud, M
1fAnd R
1fAcoustic mass and acoustic resistance for the damping material before this aperture.The consideration of other aperture is similar on the front shroud, and they are parallel with one another, and corresponding parameter is M
2k, R
2k, M
1fAnd R
1fDeng.Next be the sound component that contains the each several part of the different artitificial ears that leak, the meaning of each element and parameter and concrete numerical value can be consulted corresponding country or international standard in the artitificial ear.For the sake of simplicity, the acoustics equivalent diagram behind the vibrating diaphragm because and ante-chamber and front shroud similar, so not repetition and is used Z
AbThe whole replacement.P
0The expression atmospheric pressure is represented ground connection in acoustic circuit figure.What the total acoustics equivalent diagram of receiver of the present invention provided only is the sound component of leak free artitificial ear, has the equivalent acoustics line map of the artitificial ear of leakage can be with reference to the document and the technical manual of public publication.
In the sound system, calculate the equivalent sound impedance that is radiated artitificial ear, comprising the influence of leakage sound; At micro-telephone receiver front shroud and coupling cavity, calculate the preceding equiva lent impedance of vibrating diaphragm then; At micro-telephone receiver basin frame and coupling cavity, the equiva lent impedance behind the calculating vibrating diaphragm.The computing formula of all kinds of acoustic impedances can be with reference to the document and the technical manual of public publication.
The receiver magnetic circuit is calculated as: the formula according to the magnetic circuit of loudspeaker of any public publication calculates the magnetic flux density in magnetic gap under the specified criteria.
Voice coil loudspeaker voice coil is calculated as: utilize College Physics ABC, calculate the electrical impedance of voice coil loudspeaker voice coil quality, the number of turns, inductance, resistance and voice coil loudspeaker voice coil; When calculated resistance is anti-, need uses the equivalent sound impedance before and after the vibrating diaphragm that obtains from protecgulum and coupling cavity, basin frame and coupling cavity module and partly obtain mechanical impedance from vibrating diaphragm, target is for calculating the electrical impedance curve.
Vibrating diaphragm is calculated as: utilize the vibration principle formula, in conjunction with the equivalent sound impedance before and after the vibrating diaphragm that obtains from protecgulum and coupling cavity, basin frame and coupling cavity with from the impedance of electromagnet portion coupling, calculate impedance curve.
The present invention is by utilizing optimized Algorithm such as differential evolution algorithm, the total acoustics equivalent diagram of the receiver that reverse utilization proposed comes optimal design receiver whole acoustic structure, and this comprises receiver front shroud and coupling cavity, basin frame and coupling cavity, vibrating diaphragm support system, vibrating diaphragm, voice coil loudspeaker voice coil, magnetic circuit, circuit and and comprises the design optimization of each subdivision of artitificial ear of leakage.The invention provides and a kind ofly can be used to write the receiver design software or carry out receiver whole acoustic structure optimal design method.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the equivalent acoustics line map of receiver of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sound pressure frequency response curve in the ear that certain receiver is calculated by this method under IEC318 (do not have leak), IEC711 (the low leakage) and three kinds of different conditions of IEC711 (high-leakage), wherein 1. the curve correspondence sound pressure frequency response curve in the ear under IEC318 (the do not have leak) situation, 2. the curve correspondence sound pressure frequency response curve in the ear under IEC711 (low leak) situation, and 3. the curve correspondence sound pressure frequency response curve in the ear under IEC711 (high-leakage) situation.。
Embodiment
To certain company's product, the physical dimension of known its each several part and physical parameter, utilize equivalent acoustics line map of the present invention, sound pressure frequency response curve is seen Fig. 2 in the ear that calculates by this method under IEC318 (do not have and leak), IEC711 (the low leakage) and three kinds of different conditions of IEC711 (high-leakage).
A kind of method for designing whole acoustic structure of micro-telephone receiver, design is optimized this method to acoustic construction by the total acoustics equivalent diagram of receiver, may further comprise the steps:
A) set up the total acoustics equivalent diagram of receiver;
The total acoustics equivalent diagram of receiver comprises electric system, mechanical system and sound system; Electric system comprises magnet, voice coil loudspeaker voice coil, signal source; Mechanical system comprises vibrating diaphragm support system, vibrating diaphragm and voice coil loudspeaker voice coil; Sound system comprises the coupled room before and after the vibrating diaphragm and comprises the artitificial ear of leakage;
B) sound pressure characteristic that in people's ear, produces that designs as requested, utilize differential evolution algorithm or genetic algorithm design receiver whole acoustic structure, obtain the value of the relevant elements of acoustic circuit figure, comprise receiver front shroud and coupling cavity, basin frame and coupling cavity, vibrating diaphragm support system, vibrating diaphragm, voice coil loudspeaker voice coil, magnetic circuit, circuit and and comprise each subdivision of artitificial ear of leakage.
Concrete calculation Design flow process is as follows:
(1) according to the sound system part of Fig. 1, calculates the equivalent sound impedance that is radiated artitificial ear, comprising the influence of leakage sound; At micro-telephone receiver front shroud and coupling cavity, calculate the preceding equiva lent impedance of vibrating diaphragm then; At micro-telephone receiver basin frame and coupling cavity, the equiva lent impedance behind the calculating vibrating diaphragm.
(2) the micro-telephone receiver magnetic circuit calculates: the formula according to magnetic circuit of loudspeaker calculates the magnetic flux density in magnetic gap under the specified criteria.
(3) micro-telephone receiver voice coil loudspeaker voice coil: the electrical impedance of calculating voice coil loudspeaker voice coil quality, the number of turns, inductance, resistance and voice coil loudspeaker voice coil according to general physical knowledge.When calculated resistance is anti-, need uses the equivalent sound impedance before and after the vibrating diaphragm that obtains from protecgulum and coupling cavity, basin frame and coupling cavity module and partly obtain mechanical impedance from vibrating diaphragm, target is for calculating the electrical impedance curve.
(4) micro-telephone receiver vibrating diaphragm: utilize the vibration principle formula,, calculate impedance curve in conjunction with the equivalent sound impedance before and after the vibrating diaphragm that obtains from protecgulum and coupling cavity, basin frame and coupling cavity with from the impedance of electromagnet portion coupling.
(5) utilize the acoustic circuit analogy figure of Fig. 1 to obtain cumulative volume speed U
f, acoustic pressure in then total artitificial ear
Z wherein
Ear aExpression comprises total equivalent sound impedance of the artificial ear of leakage sound.Corresponding sound pressure level is SPL=20log
10(P/2e-5).
(6), adopt the value of the relevant elements of optimizing algorithm optimal design equivalence acoustics line maps such as differential evolution algorithm or genetic algorithm according to design object.
The invention provides and a kind ofly can be used to write the receiver design software or carry out receiver whole acoustic structure optimal design method.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of method for designing whole acoustic structure of micro-telephone receiver is characterized in that design is optimized this method to acoustic construction by the total acoustics equivalent diagram of receiver, may further comprise the steps:
A) set up the total acoustics equivalent diagram of receiver;
The total acoustics equivalent diagram of receiver comprises electric system, mechanical system and sound system; Electric system comprises magnet, voice coil loudspeaker voice coil, signal source; The signal of telecommunication of the signal source voice coil loudspeaker voice coil of feeding, the voice coil loudspeaker voice coil that causes having electric current moves in the magnetic field that magnet produces; Mechanical system comprises vibrating diaphragm support system, vibrating diaphragm and voice coil loudspeaker voice coil; Voice coil loudspeaker voice coil is connected on the vibrating diaphragm, constitutes the main quality of mechanical system jointly, and the vibrating diaphragm that the vibrating diaphragm support system will have voice coil loudspeaker voice coil is supported in the magnetic field; Sound system comprises the coupled room before and after the vibrating diaphragm and comprises the artitificial ear of leakage; Vibrating diaphragm drives air movement before and after the vibrating diaphragm, produces sound wave, and sound wave will be by the coupled room before and after the vibrating diaphragm to external radiation, and the sound wave before the vibrating diaphragm will be coupled in the artitificial ear, and the preceding cavity of ear and vibrating diaphragm be coupled with leakage.
B) sound pressure characteristic that in people's ear, produces that designs as requested, utilize differential evolution algorithm or genetic algorithm design receiver whole acoustic structure, obtain the value of relevant elements among the acoustic circuit figure, comprise receiver front shroud and coupling cavity, basin frame and coupling cavity, vibrating diaphragm support system, vibrating diaphragm, voice coil loudspeaker voice coil, magnetic circuit, circuit and and comprise each subdivision of artitificial ear of leakage.
2, method for designing whole acoustic structure of micro-telephone receiver according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in sound system steps A), calculate the equivalent sound impedance that is radiated artitificial ear, comprising the influence of leakage sound; At micro-telephone receiver front shroud and coupling cavity, calculate the preceding equiva lent impedance of vibrating diaphragm then; At micro-telephone receiver basin frame and coupling cavity, the equiva lent impedance behind the calculating vibrating diaphragm.
3, method for designing whole acoustic structure of micro-telephone receiver according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step B), the receiver magnetic circuit is calculated as, according to the magnetic flux density in magnetic gap under the formula calculating specified criteria of magnetic circuit of loudspeaker.
4, method for designing whole acoustic structure of micro-telephone receiver according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step B), the voice coil loudspeaker voice coil correlation computations is to calculate the electrical impedance of voice coil loudspeaker voice coil quality, the number of turns, inductance, resistance and voice coil loudspeaker voice coil; When calculated resistance is anti-, need uses the equivalent sound impedance before and after the vibrating diaphragm that obtains from protecgulum and coupling cavity, basin frame and coupling cavity module and partly obtain mechanical impedance from vibrating diaphragm, target is for calculating the electrical impedance curve.
5, method for designing whole acoustic structure of micro-telephone receiver according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step B), the vibrating diaphragm correlation computations is, utilize the vibration principle formula, in conjunction with the equivalent sound impedance before and after the vibrating diaphragm that obtains from protecgulum and coupling cavity, basin frame and coupling cavity with from the impedance of electromagnet portion coupling, calculate impedance curve.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107480408A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2017-12-15 | 江苏裕成电子有限公司 | Loudspeaker parameters emulation mode and device |
| CN108267321A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-10 | 华晨汽车集团控股有限公司 | A kind of test and evaluation method of car acpistocs packaging sound absorption performance |
| CN113630686A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-09 | 南京工程学院 | High-strength Helmholtz sound source design method based on pattern recognition |
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2009
- 2009-03-19 CN CNA2009100303338A patent/CN101562772A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108267321A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-10 | 华晨汽车集团控股有限公司 | A kind of test and evaluation method of car acpistocs packaging sound absorption performance |
| CN107480408A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2017-12-15 | 江苏裕成电子有限公司 | Loudspeaker parameters emulation mode and device |
| CN113630686A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-09 | 南京工程学院 | High-strength Helmholtz sound source design method based on pattern recognition |
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Application publication date: 20091021 |