CN101561356B - Civil engineering structural remote health monitoring system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a civil engineering structural remote health monitoring system. The system can help know health state of civil engineering structure timely, protect safety of measurement technicians, decrease labor intensity and monitoring cost, shorten working time, increase efficiency, and realize multipoint synchronous monitoring. The system consists of an upper computer and a lower computer connected by a communication system. The lower computer comprises measurement modules which are connected with the communication system and a deconcentrator respectively, and the deconcentratoris connected with a sensor. The measurement modules comprise a single-chip computer; the single-chip computer is respectively connected with a pulse forming circuit, an amplified-filter circuit, a ke yboard, a memory, a clock circuit, a communication circuit, a display screen and a temperature sensor. The single-chip computer, the pulse forming circuit and the amplified-filter circuit are all connected with the deconcentrator.

Description

Civil engineering structural remote health monitoring system

One, technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of structure monitoring system, especially relate to a kind of civil engineering structural remote health monitoring system.

Two, background technology:

In large scale civil engineerings such as road, bridge, tunnel, long-range and very-long-range monitoring works health status is the effective means that industry is dreamed of always.Particularly along with the develop rapidly of national economy, western construction and exploitation, a lot of unprecedented length, big, high, dark, special, danger engineering have appearred, monitoring that important ingredient is exactly the engineering structure mechanical state in these engineering constructions, such as, pressure, strain, distance, temperature, humidity, smoke intensity etc.Because the residing geographic position of these engineerings and environment are bad, such as, height above sea level, rarefaction of air, oxygen level is low, temperature is low etc., has brought very big difficulty to data monitoring.Even completion of works, monitoring also will continue two, three years.Such as, more than 4,000 meter in tunnel, the Queersshan Mountain, height above sea level, rarefaction of air, oxygen level are low, and each measurement all will be born oxygen walking number kilometer at the scene, just can finish in several hours consuming time.At above-mentioned situation, to monitor if can not realize the very-long-range of several kilometers long-range and tens kilometers or hundreds of kilometer even thousands of kilometers, it is hardly conceivable that for the degree of difficulty of its monitoring.In addition, the measurement technology as field measurements such as extra-high-speed bridge pier, special deep basal pit, tunnel support structure, landslide warning also are badly in need of, so the exploitation of The Research of Relevant Technology and system has better application demand and market outlook.

Three, summary of the invention:

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of civil engineering structural remote health monitoring system; it can in time grasp the health status of civil engineering work; protective number survey technology personnel's safety; greatly reduce labour intensity and monitoring expense; shorten working hours; raise the efficiency, and can realize the multiple spot synchronous monitoring.

For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:

A kind of civil engineering structural remote health monitoring system, it is characterized in that: comprise host computer and slave computer, host computer is connected by communication system with slave computer, and slave computer is made of measurement module, measurement module is connected with deconcentrator with communication system respectively, and deconcentrator is connected with sensor.

Host computer is made of a universal PC computing machine (desk-top or notebook all can).Require to use windows2000 and above operating system, 256M and above internal memory, 600MHz and above dominant frequency.

Slave computer (measurement module) comprises single-chip microcomputer, be connected with pulse shaping circuit, filter amplification circuit, keyboard, storer, clock circuit, telecommunication circuit, display screen and temperature sensor on the single-chip microcomputer respectively, single-chip microcomputer, pulse shaping circuit and filter amplification circuit all are connected with deconcentrator.

System can be divided into active and two kinds of mode of operations of passive type.

Active workflow:

1. be that slave computer is provided with the periodic monitor scheme by the slave computer keyboard.Scheme comprises: one day monitoring number of times and monitoring are constantly; The monitoring number of times in one week and monitoring are constantly; The monitoring number of times in January and monitoring are constantly.

2. start slave computer and host computer.

3. slave computer carries out data acquisition by preset scheme to sensor automatically, and data are initiatively sent to host computer by communication system.

4. once monitoring task is finished.

5. returned for the 3rd step.

The passive type workflow:

1. slave computer is in waiting status.

2. host computer sends measuring command by communication system to slave computer.

3. slave computer carries out data acquisition to sensor after receiving measuring command, then data is returned to host computer by communication system.

4. once monitoring task is finished.

5. returned for the 1st step.

When in addition, host computer can also carry out the school to slave computer by communication system and the modification of monitoring scheme.Pc control procedure is worked out with VC++ or VB language, and workflow is:

1. beginning;

2. measure the website setting;

3. serial port setting and initialization;

4. success then enters next step; Previous step is not then returned in success;

5. mobile module initialization, successful then enter next step, otherwise prompting initialization failure, and reinitialize;

6. mobile module signal quality test is if no signal is then tested once more to signal; If signal is arranged, then start the timing signal test, and wait for the reception data;

7. there are data to arrive if monitor serial ports, then read the serial ports buffer memory and preserve and receive data, enter next step; Otherwise continue to wait for the reception data;

8. whether, be signal quality test, be then processing signals qualitative data and the demonstration of refresh signal quality state if judging the command type that receives; Otherwise judge whether it is that (note/GPRS) order is then to handle note or GPRS data, and refreshes accepting state reception GSM, simultaneously the reception data after the display process; Otherwise, judge whether it is to send note or GPRS order, be then to refresh concurrent the losing one's life of transmit status to make data.

Host computer sends data flow:

1. beginning;

2. select to send order;

3. read and measure Site ID and number of sensors;

4. judging and whether measure the website number more than 1, is the number that then reads this website, otherwise reads the number of mass-sending website;

5. write to mobile module and send order: the AT+CMGS=phone number;

6. wait for that mobile module returns "〉" symbol (its ASCII character value is 0X3E), if overtime not returning then write and sent the order failure; Otherwise enter next step;

7. send short message content and confirm instruction;

8. wait for that mobile module returns confirmation, return " OK " or " ERROR ", " OK " Flushing status hurdle then in this way, prompting sends note successfully, enters next step; " ERROR " Flushing status hurdle then in this way, SMS Tip sends failure, and resends this note automatically, gets back to step 5;

9. if mass-sending then judges to be the last item, if not, continue to send next bar note, get back to step 5; If not mass-sending, then this data command sends and finishes.

10. send and finish Flushing status hurdle information, end.

Host computer receiving data stream journey:

1. beginning;

2. serial ports initialization;

3. whether buffer memory has data, has then to enter next step;

4. read data cached and preservation;

5. note is put receiving flag and Flushing status hurdle after receiving, and analyzes and handle the data that receive simultaneously;

6. transmission handshake promptly sends and receives the affirmation order;

7. remove receiving flag and relevant buffering, allow to receive next bar note;

8. search the data recording of this website measurement last time;

9. last time, whether data recording was complete, was then to insert and preserve new data records, otherwise deleted the incomplete data record earlier, inserted and preserve new data records again;

10. upgrade data presentation and state display field.

The slave computer control program is worked out with C and assembly language, and workflow is:

Active:

1. receive the order that is provided with of keyboard;

2. the preservation plan of establishment;

3. bring into operation;

4. judge whether the image data time arrives.If arrive, carry out next step, otherwise continue judgement time;

5. to sensor address of deconcentrator output;

6. gather this sensing data and preservation.Returned for the 5th step, until having gathered whole sensing datas;

7. all sensors data that collect are sent by serial ports;

8. returned for the 4th step.

Passive type:

1. wait for that serial ports interrupts;

2. interruption is arranged, receive the host computer measuring command;

3. to sensor address of deconcentrator output;

4. gather this sensing data and preservation.Returned for the 3rd step, until having gathered whole sensing datas;

5. all sensors data that collect are sent by serial ports;

6. returned for the 1st step.

Compared with prior art, the advantage and the effect that have of the present invention is as follows:

1. in time grasp the health status of civil engineering work.In present a lot of long, big, high, dark, special, danger engineerings, because engineering-environment is abominable, the measurement condition is poor, many occasion measurement technology personnel can't arrive, and make many measurements to carry out, and many places are also arranged owing to arrive difficulty, make that measuring number of times reduces, thereby can not in time recognize the health status of civil engineering work, have after the long-range measurement technology that this problem can be answered sword and be separated.

2. protective number survey technology personnel's safety.In the observation process of present civil engineering work, all be that the monitoring personnel hold measuring equipment and arrive in-site measurement in person.Because measurement personnel's personal injury takes place in the restriction of other quality of the complicacy of construction environment and the personnel of measurement (as climbing personal protection etc.) often.Had after the Remote Monitoring Technology, the measurement personnel just can measure by Long-distance Control, thereby make that this problem is improved greatly.

3. reduce labour intensity and monitoring expense.In civil engineering work, the monitoring point often and relatively disperses this will make the monitoring personnel image data of hurrying back and forth back and forth usually between a plurality of working-yards, and not only labour intensity is high but also produce a large amount of traveling expenses.After long-range measurement technology has been arranged, the original measurement work that need the measurement personnel to arrive different scenes can be carried out at the three unities, thereby greatly reduced labour intensity, save cost and time, improve work efficiency.

4. realized the multiple spot synchronous monitoring.In civil engineering work, some parameter need be measured simultaneously at several places (scene).Be to be measured by the designated time in the different location separately by some measuring technique personnel at present, but because of the technical merit of each survey crew is not too consistent, the time of agreement can be not in full accord, therefore the data sync of measuring just is difficult to guarantee.Had after the long-range measurement technology, can send to different measurement points simultaneously by the measurement personnel and measure instruction, thereby realize the measurement of multiple spot data synchronization.

(annotate: though the short message communication mode has some mistimings, can satisfy requirement of engineering fully, GPRS then can guarantee more accurate synchronous.)

Four, description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a system chart of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the composition frame chart of deconcentrator;

Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of deconcentrator;

Fig. 4 is decoding scheme circuit overall framework figure;

The CPLD synoptic diagram of Fig. 5 for using;

Fig. 6 is a CPLD circuit connection diagram;

Fig. 7 is the program flow diagram of CPLD chip;

Fig. 8 is the controller composition frame chart;

Fig. 9 is the outside drawing of LCD LCM141;

The various communication mode synoptic diagram that Figure 10 adopts for the present invention;

Figure 11 is the upper computer software Organization Chart;

Figure 12 is the host computer workflow diagram;

Figure 13 is note transmission flow figure;

Figure 14 receives process flow diagram for note.

Five, embodiment:

Referring to Fig. 1, system mainly is made of front-end collection module (slave computer), communication system, back-stage management control module (host computer) three parts.Host computer is made of a universal PC computing machine (desk-top or notebook all can).Host computer is connected by communication system with slave computer.Slave computer comprises measurement module, and measurement module is connected with deconcentrator with communication system respectively, and deconcentrator is connected with sensor.Slave computer is responsible for gathering the real-time measuring data of steel chord type sensor; It is that the upper and lower machine provides the information data transmission passage that communication system is responsible for multiple communication mode; Host computer is responsible for the processing, storage of data and to the control of front-end collection module.

System can be divided into active and two kinds of mode of operations of passive type.

Active workflow:

1. be that slave computer is provided with the periodic monitor scheme by the slave computer keyboard.Scheme comprises: one day monitoring number of times and monitoring are constantly; The monitoring number of times in one week and monitoring are constantly; The monitoring number of times in January and monitoring are constantly.

2. start slave computer and host computer.

3. slave computer carries out data acquisition by preset scheme to sensor automatically, and data are initiatively sent to host computer by communication system.

4. once monitoring task is finished.

5. returned for the 3rd step.

The passive type workflow:

1. slave computer is in waiting status.

2. host computer sends measuring command by communication system to slave computer.

3. slave computer carries out data acquisition to sensor after receiving measuring command, then data is returned to host computer by communication system.

4. once monitoring task is finished.

5. returned for the 1st step.

The function of system and characteristics:

1. measure wide.System can realize that 8 are positioned at remote collection, storage and the processing of 8*64=512 steel chord type sensor measurement data altogether of different on-the-spot measurement points (extendible).

2. many kinds of measurements.The scene temperature of each measurement point can be gathered by system.

3. measure automatically.Each measurement point sensor (mostly being 64 most) adopts automatic taking turn mode to insert measurement, need not manual intervention.

4. data communication mode is flexible.System can adopt:

(1) wireless---wireless mode;

(2) wired---wired mode;

(3) GSM---GSM mode;

(4) GSM---GSM+ wireless mode;

(5) GSM---the wired mode of GSM+;

(6) wireless---wireless+wired mode.

Wherein wireless mode refers to the mode that adopts the private radio digital transmission module to communicate, and communication distance is within 2000m; Wired mode refers to the communication mode that adopts 485 buses or power carrier to carry out, and communication distance is within 1000m; GSM refers to the overlength distance communication mode that adopts mobile public network to carry out, and communication distance is within the public network coverage.Can adopt between the upper and lower machine the aforesaid way communication, system also allows the user directly to carry out data acquisition with mobile phone.

4. data processing function is perfect.The data that collect can be with text or database form long preservation; Can automatically measurement data be converted to the physical quantity form; Can be with forms such as form, curve output result; Can carry out data query by conditions such as time, project names.

Referring to Fig. 2, deconcentrator is the significant components of slave computer.It is controlled by measurement module, finishes the access measuring task of maximum 64 sensors successively.Deconcentrator mainly constitutes (see figure 2) by address decoding circuitry, driving circuit, relay and sensor socket.Major function is:

1. receive the address instruction of measurement module (controller), by the break-make of decoding scheme pilot relay, timesharing links to each other by relay each sensor that is connect successively with measurement module automatically, for control signal and data-signal provide passage.

2. the excitation pulse signal of measurement module is passed to sensor, the response signal with sensor returns to measurement module simultaneously.

3. 64 sensors of maximum changeable connections.

The deconcentrator schematic diagram is seen Fig. 3.Code translator is served as by CPLD chip IC 1, and finishing that 6 level sensor addresses with measurement module output translate is 64 tunnel control signal D1-D64; The control signal Di that translates amplifies by triode Ui, drives relay K i and is communicated with sensor socket Ji, i sensor is inserted measure passage.Socket J0 links to each other with the monitoring cable of measurement module.7 pin are pumping signal and sensor response signal line, earlier the pumping signal of measurement module are passed to sensor, and the response signal with sensor returns to measurement module again.The 1-6 pin is an address wire, selects signal to give code translator IC1 the position of measurement module output.IC1 selects signal to choose in 64 delivery outlets of code translator one according to the position of input.Any one output low level in the code translator in 64 output pins all can be opened among the transistor U1-U64, and then connects corresponding relays, with being connected the 7 pin connection that socket J1-J64 goes up a corresponding sensor and J0, finishes the separated time task.

Referring to Fig. 4, realize that with CPLD (EPM7128STC100-6) chip the principle of 6-64 code translator is as follows:

CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device) is the abbreviation of Complex PLD, and CPLD is a kind of user according to needs separately and the digital integrated circuit of constitutive logic function voluntarily.CPLD adopts fuse-wires structure, and the basic composition unit is programmable logic macrocell, promptly one group with or, XOR gate, MUX, register and feedback network, they and wire bond able to programme make can interconnect between the module.Macroelement is realized able to programme by " fuse ", thereby finishes the logic function that the user sets.Because the design of the hardware configuration of CPLD can be finished (be equivalent to the house and build back portion of artificial design bureau doors structure) by software, so its design has stronger dirigibility than the digital circuit of pure hardware, the occasion of nearly all application middle and small scale general digital integrated circuit all can adopt the CPLD device.

The CPLD basic design method is by the integrated platform that develops software, and uses hardware description language, generates corresponding file destination, by download cable (" in system " programming) code is sent in the objective chip, realizes the digital display circuit of design.

Owing to there is not 6-64 code translator finished product, for realizing the 6-64 decoding function, can adopt combinational digital circuit to build, but need multi-disc combinational circuit chip, circuit is complicated, and power consumption is higher.And adopt the CPLD chip can overcome above-mentioned shortcoming.Native system adopts the CPLD chip EPM7128STC100-6 of the MAX7000S of altera corp series, and this chip has 100 pins and 128 macroelements.

Decoding scheme circuit overall framework as shown in Figure 4, this code translator has 6 input pins and 64 output pins, the function that realizes is the effective control signal that 64 kinds of combinations of 6 binary codes of input end is converted to the corresponding pin of output terminal, realizes decoding function thus.

The circuit concrete function is seen following truth table:

Input	Output
		A6～A1	D64～D1
000000	1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111110
		000001	1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111101
000010	1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111011

000011	1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111110111
		000100	1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111101111
000101	1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111011111
		000110	1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111110111111
000111	1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111101111111
		001000	1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111011111111
001001	1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111110111111111
		001010	1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111101111111111
001011	1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111011111111111
		001100	1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111110111111111111
001101	1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111101111111111111
		001110	1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111011111111111111
001111	1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111110111111111111111
		010000	1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111101111111111111111
010001	1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111011111111111111111
		010010	1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111110111111111111111111
010011	1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111101111111111111111111
		010100	1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111011111111111111111111
010101	1111111111111111111111111111111111111111110111111111111111111111
		010110	1111111111111111111111111111111111111111101111111111111111111111
010111	1111111111111111111111111111111111111111011111111111111111111111
		011000	1111111111111111111111111111111111111110111111111111111111111111
011001	1111111111111111111111111111111111111101111111111111111111111111
		011010	1111111111111111111111111111111111111011111111111111111111111111
011011	1111111111111111111111111111111111110111111111111111111111111111

011100	1111111111111111111111111111111111101111111111111111111111111111
		011101	1111111111111111111111111111111111011111111111111111111111111111
011110	1111111111111111111111111111111110111111111111111111111111111111
		011111	1111111111111111111111111111111101111111111111111111111111111111
100000	1111111111111111111111111111111011111111111111111111111111111111
		100001	1111111111111111111111111111110111111111111111111111111111111111
100010	1111111111111111111111111111101111111111111111111111111111111111
		100011	1111111111111111111111111111011111111111111111111111111111111111
100100	1111111111111111111111111110111111111111111111111111111111111111
		100101	1111111111111111111111111101111111111111111111111111111111111111
100110	1111111111111111111111111011111111111111111111111111111111111111
		100111	1111111111111111111111110111111111111111111111111111111111111111
101000	1111111111111111111111101111111111111111111111111111111111111111
		101001	1111111111111111111111011111111111111111111111111111111111111111
101010	1111111111111111111110111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
		101011	1111111111111111111101111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
101100	1111111111111111111011111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
		101101	1111111111111111110111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
101110	1111111111111111101111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
		101111	1111111111111111011111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
110000	1111111111111110111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
		110001	1111111111111101111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
110010	1111111111111011111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
		110011	1111111111110111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
110100	1111111111101111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

110101	1111111111011111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
		110110	1111111110111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
110111	1111111101111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
		111000	1111111011111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
111001	1111110111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
		111010	1111101111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
111011	1111011111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
		111100	1110111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
111101	1101111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
		111110	1011111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
111111	0111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

Referring to Fig. 5, the CPLD synoptic diagram (have shadow representation use pin, do not have shadow representation do not use pin) of Fig. 5 for using:

Referring to Fig. 6, Figure 6 shows that CPLD circuit connection diagram.

The CPLD pin connects table:

Ai represents i root address wire, represents first address wire as A1;

Di represents the i data lines, represents second data lines as D2

Ji represents i relay, represents to connect the 3rd relay as J3;

The numbering of data line and relay is corresponding one by one, and the i data lines is connected to i relay;

A1 ~ A6 is an address wire, is connected respectively to the 1st, 2,5,6,7,8 pins of CPLD, and these six pins are input pin.Last 64 pins that link to each other with 64 relays of CPLD are output pin.

The exploitation of CPLD chip needs to adopt special HDL language.The benefit that adopts HDL language (hardware description language) is that itself and chip fabrication technique are irrelevant.People need not be concerned about the circuit structure of CPLD, needn't too much consider the detail that gate leve and technology realize, to the requirement of chip, this circuit are described out on logic function in the time of only need utilizing system design, can design side circuit.The description of this logic behavior supported in the grammer of Verilog HDL, promptly carries out the behavioral scaling modeling.

This code translator program Verilog HDL language compilation, the effect of module main is exactly the 6-64 code translator.Wherein 6 in6 is an input end, and 64 out64 is an output terminal, and the trigger condition of always piece is in6, and promptly in a single day the code value of input end changes, and the always piece reruns once, at output terminal gating again.Program adopts typical case structure to realize behavioral scaling modeling to the 6-64 code translator.Case statement is a multiple-limb case statement, and it can directly be handled multiple-limb and select, and the signal in the case bracket is a Rule of judgment, and 64 branches in the case structure choose a unique relay respectively.Because six binary signals can produce 64 kinds of different code characters, just in time corresponding 64 branches are so all unique corresponding branch of each code character promptly chooses unique relay.This program is set at low level to the output port assignment time effective, and promptly low level is carried out gating to relay.The corresponding binary code of relay numbering is its address code, is 010111 as the address code of the 23rd relay.

Program flow diagram as shown in Figure 7, this program is carried out comprehensive simulating by the integrated platform that develops software of Quartus II6.0, the pin of input/output terminal and CPLD is bound, code is sent to (" in system " programming) in the objective chip, realize the 6-64 decoding function by download cable.

Referring to Fig. 8, measurement module (controller) mainly is made up of single-chip microcomputer, storer, pulse shaping circuit, filter amplification circuit, telecommunication circuit, display screen, keyboard, clock circuit etc.Measurement module comprises single-chip microcomputer, be connected with pulse shaping circuit, filter amplification circuit, keyboard, storer, clock circuit, telecommunication circuit, display screen and temperature sensor on the single-chip microcomputer respectively, single-chip microcomputer, pulse shaping circuit and filter amplification circuit all are connected with deconcentrator.Wherein, single-chip microcomputer is a core.Finish various control tasks.Storer can be stored monitoring scheme, Monitoring Data, phone number, main control computer number.Pulse shaping circuit is used for producing the sensor excitation signal.Filter amplification circuit is nursed one's health the response signal of sensor, send single-chip microcomputer then.Pulse shaping circuit and filter amplification circuit all adopt available circuit, and telecommunication circuit is responsible for the conversion of signals between single-chip microcomputer and the communication facilities.Display screen shows date, time, monitoring result, keyboard, monitoring scheme etc.Keyboard is responsible for importing dependent instruction.Clock circuit is responsible for providing date, time.

Major function is as follows:

1. can receive the various instructions of host computer: comprise monitoring instruction, passback data command, alignment time instruction, revise the monitoring scheme instruction.Can receive monitoring instruction, the passback data command of mobile phone.

2. can receive keyboard instruction: comprise the alignment time instruction, preset the monitoring scheme instruction, revise monitoring scheme instruction, Monitoring Data query statement.

3. can show year, month, day, hour, min, second.But monitoring scheme in the display-memory and sensing data.

4. can be by preset scheme periodic monitor sensing data, also can instruct monitoring sensor data at any time by host computer.

5. can regularly return sensing data by preset scheme, also can return sensing data at any time by the host computer instruction.

6. can finish the monitoring of maximum 64 sensors.

Related device:

Single-chip microcomputer P89C51RD2

P89C51RD2 has the parallel programmable nonvolatile FLASH program storage of 64K, and can realize device serial in-system programming ISP and programming (IAP) in application.This device can be programmed to a Flash position by the method for multiple programming or in-system programming, thereby selects 6 clocks or 12 clock modules.In addition, also can select 6 clocks or 12 clock modules by the X2 position among the clock-control register CKCON.This Series of MCU is the derivation device of 80C51 microcontroller, is 8 8-digit microcontrollers that adopt advanced CMOS technology to make, and order set and 80C51 are identical.This device has 4 groups of 8 I/O mouths, 3 16 bit timings/counters, multiple interrupt source-4 interrupt priority level-nested interrupt structure, 1 enhancement mode UART, sheet internal oscillator and sequential circuit.

Clock chip PCF8563

PCF8563 is the multifunction timepiece/calendar chip with extremely low power dissipation that a technical grade of PHILIPS company release includes I2C bus interface function.Its multiple warning function, timer function, clock output function and interruption output function can be finished the timing services of various complexity, even can provide watchdog function for single-chip microcomputer.Its internal clock circuit, internal oscillator circuit, inner low-voltage observation circuit (1.0V) and two-wire system I2C bus communication mode not only make peripheral circuit succinct, and have increased chip reliability.Thereby PCF8563 is the high clock chip of a cost performance, has been widely used among the products such as ammeter, water meter, gas meter, phone, facsimile recorder, portable instrument and battery powered instrument and meter.

LCD LCM141

LCM141 is the special liquid crystal display module of a kind of pressure, flow and temperature measuring instrument.Why being referred to as special use, is because its three prompting characters are " P ", " Q " and " T ".If in use give other implication with these three characters, then this module just becomes a kind of universal module.The profile of LCM141 is seen Fig. 9.

From Fig. 9 as seen, LCM141 can be divided into 4 viewing areas, i.e. letter, the first line number word, the second line number word and prompt viewing area.According to numbering among the figure, the design's clock shows year with the 1st, 2, and 3,4 show month, and 5,6 show day, and 14,13 when showing, 12,11 show and divide, and 10,9 show second, and the 7th shows week.Add some points to show differentiation between per two.

Based on the characteristics of LCM141, the design adopts it as display.Certainly, it is not the unique selection of display.Section formula charactron, dot lcd screen etc. can just when programming realizes, use its corresponding driver and display routine as display.The step display of LCM141 is as follows:

1. power on more than the back time-delay 200ms;

2. write special-purpose initialization command 0x29;

3. write outer crystal oscillator work order 0x14;

4. write out oscillator order 0x01;

5. write out display order 0x03.

More than 5 steps are initialized contents, the 6th step was exactly to write the section coding that desire shows number or character, i.e. video data.

The DS18B20 temperature sensor

The DS18B20 digital thermometer is with the temperature value of the form reflection device of 9 bit digital quantity.DS18B20 sends or reception information by an one-wire interface, therefore only needs a connecting line (adding ground wire) between central microprocessor and DS18B20.The power supply that is used to read and write with temperature transition can obtain from data line itself, need not external power source.Because each DS18B20 has the sheet sequence number of a uniqueness, so many DS18B20 can be connected on the unibus simultaneously, can be placed on many different places to temperature sensor like this, this characteristic is very useful at the temperature and the aspects such as process monitoring and control of the control of HVAC environment, detection buildings, instrument or machine.In the native system, each measurement module can connect two B20 temperature sensors, is used to monitor scene temperature.

The communication system principle:

System is mainly built by wireless data transmission module, 485 bus communication systems, power carrier communication system and gsm communication system.

According to the different application occasion, 6 kinds of systems are as shown in figure 10 arranged respectively.

Because above-mentioned each communication system all has the finished product of different brands to sell, so principle repeats no more.

The function of host computer and flow process:

Host computer is a PC computing machine, and control program and database are housed.Control program adopts VC++ or VB exploitation, and database adopts ACCESS.

1. major function

(1) realizes the typing of 1-8 test point title and the modification (can expand) of title.

(2) can import and revise each test point corresponding sensor number, number of sensors is between 1 to 64.

(3) forward end controller (acquisition module) transmitting supervisory instruction, passback data command, alignment time instruction, the instruction of modification monitoring scheme.

(4) can be in 8 test points, select arbitrarily 1 or a plurality of test station enter measurement, and deposit the sensing data of front controller passback in database.

(5) host computer can be realized historical measurement data analysis, the inquiry of each website, prints, can be by measuring the date inquiry and showing that inquiry can still can receive some test station data simultaneously.

(6) real-time measuring data comprises temperature and frequency values, can adopt wired mode, wireless mode or GSM public network to finish the data communication of host computer and monitoring modular.

(7) gsm communication can adopt GPRS and short message dual mode.Adopt the PDU mode such as short message communication, the serial ports transmission, baud rate 9600, the transmission data are according to binary transmissions, and each sensing data of transport process collection accounts for 2 bytes, and temperature value accounts for 1 byte.

(8) host-host protocol oneself is set.

2. upper computer software workflow

Upper computer software is divided into four parts: master routine, communication (short message receiving-transmitting) module, data analysis are handled and are preserved and real time data demonstration and the inquiry of historical data module (seeing Figure 11, is example with the short message communication).

After system's operation, at first by the user serial ports is set manually, then monitors automatically and the initialization mobile module as serial ports initialization success afterwards, system enters automatic running status; If failure will provide error message.Also can mobile module manually be set, and it is carried out initialization by interface button or menu; As the system of breaking down can provide corresponding prompting, helps the user to find the problem place in time to solve.When receiving data in the buffer memory, system is reception information, transmission information or quality test information according to what judge, in time carries out corresponding data processing, to improve the accuracy of measurement data.Workflow diagram is seen Figure 12, and workflow is:

1. beginning;

2. measure the website setting;

3. serial port setting and initialization;

4. success then enters next step; Previous step is not then returned in success;

5. mobile module initialization, successful then enter next step, otherwise prompting initialization failure, and reinitialize;

6. mobile module signal quality test is if no signal is then tested once more to signal; If signal is arranged, then start the timing signal test, and wait for the reception data;

7. there are data to arrive if monitor serial ports, then read the serial ports buffer memory and preserve and receive data, enter next step; Otherwise continue to wait for the reception data;

8. whether, be signal quality test, be then processing signals qualitative data and the demonstration of refresh signal quality state if judging the command type that receives; Otherwise judge whether it is that (note/GPRS) order is then to handle note or GPRS data, and refreshes accepting state reception GSM, simultaneously the reception data after the display process; Otherwise, judge whether it is to send note or GPRS order, be then to refresh concurrent the losing one's life of transmit status to make data.

Program run master interface is divided into four parts: upper left corner window for the full content that receives note, the lower left corner for send command window to each collection point, the upper right corner is that action pane (system is provided with), the lower right corner are status bar (content and the result that show each step operation).The right is that the signal quality of mobile module shows signal quality of per 30 seconds systematic surveys by progressive of thin chap.

Note sends and receiver module:

Native system can adopt the GSM public network to finish the data communication of host computer and acquisition module.Utilize the GPRS of gsm system and short message service to realize easily information acquisition and Long-distance Control for telemetry equipment promptly realizing telemetry and telecommand.

The control of GSM short message has three kinds of patterns: Block Mode, based on the PDU Mode of AT order, based on the Text Mode of AT order, Receiving and transmitting of SMS has all adopted the PDU pattern among the design.The order that host computer will send and receive in the native system comprises: monitoring instruction, passback data command, alignment time instruction, the number modify instruction of revising monitoring scheme instruction, mobile phone, passback data command.The flow process that system transmits and receive data is following Figure 13 and shown in Figure 14 respectively, and the flow process that host computer transmits and receive data is respectively:

Host computer sends data flow:

1. beginning;

2. select to send order;

3. read and measure Site ID and number of sensors;

4. judging and whether measure the website number more than 1, is the number that then reads this website, otherwise reads the number of mass-sending website;

5. write to mobile module and send order: the AT+CMGS=phone number;

6. wait for that mobile module returns "〉" symbol (its ASCII character value is 0X3E), if overtime not returning then write and sent the order failure; Otherwise enter next step;

7. send short message content and confirm instruction;

8. wait for that mobile module returns confirmation, return " OK " or " ERROR ", " OK " Flushing status hurdle then in this way, prompting sends note successfully, enters next step; " ERROR " Flushing status hurdle then in this way, SMS Tip sends failure, and resends this note automatically, gets back to step 5;

9. if mass-sending then judges to be the last item, if not, continue to send next bar note, get back to step 5; If not mass-sending, then this data command sends and finishes.

10. send and finish Flushing status hurdle information, end.

Host computer receiving data stream journey:

1. beginning;

2. serial ports initialization;

3. whether buffer memory has data, has then to enter next step;

4. read data cached and preservation;

5. note is put receiving flag and Flushing status hurdle after receiving, and analyzes and handle the data that receive simultaneously;

6. transmission handshake promptly sends and receives the affirmation order;

7. remove receiving flag and relevant buffering, allow to receive next bar note;

8. search the data recording of this website measurement last time;

9. last time, whether data recording was complete, was then to insert and preserve new data records, otherwise deleted the incomplete data record earlier, inserted and preserve new data records again;

10. upgrade data presentation and state display field.

The slave computer control program is worked out with C and assembly language, and workflow is:

Active:

1) receives the order that is provided with of keyboard;

2) preserve the plan of establishment;

3) bring into operation;

4) judge whether the image data time arrive,, carry out next step, otherwise continue judgement time if arrive;

5) to sensor address of deconcentrator output;

6) gather this sensing data and preservation, returned for the 5th step, until having gathered whole sensing datas;

7) all sensors data that collect are sent by serial ports;

8) returned for the 4th step.

Passive type:

1) waits for that serial ports interrupts;

2) interruption is arranged, receive the host computer measuring command;

3) to sensor address of deconcentrator output;

4) gather this sensing data and preservation.Returned for the 3rd step, until having gathered whole sensing datas;

5) all sensors data that collect are sent by serial ports;

6) returned for the 1st step.

Claims (1)

1. civil engineering structural remote health monitoring system is characterized in that: system is divided into active and two kinds of mode of operations of passive type, active workflow:

1) be that slave computer is provided with the periodic monitor scheme by the slave computer keyboard, scheme comprises: one day monitoring number of times and monitoring are constantly; The monitoring number of times in one week and monitoring are constantly; The monitoring number of times in January and monitoring are constantly;

2) start slave computer and host computer;

3) slave computer carries out data acquisition by preset scheme to sensor automatically, and data are initiatively sent to host computer by communication system;

4) once monitoring task is finished;

5) returned for the 3rd step;

The passive type workflow:

1) slave computer is in waiting status;

2) host computer sends measuring command by communication system to slave computer;

3) slave computer carries out data acquisition to sensor after receiving measuring command, then data is returned to host computer by communication system;

4) once monitoring task is finished;

5) returned for the 1st step.

The host computer workflow of system is:

1) beginning;

2) measure the website setting;

3) serial port setting and initialization;

4) success then enters next step; Previous step is not then returned in success;

5) mobile module initialization, successful then enter next step, otherwise prompting initialization failure, and reinitialize;

6) mobile module signal quality test is if no signal is then tested once more to signal; If signal is arranged, then start the timing signal test, and wait for the reception data;

7) there are data to arrive if monitor serial ports, then read the serial ports buffer memory and preserve and receive data, enter next step; Otherwise continue to wait for the reception data;

Whether, be signal quality test, be then processing signals qualitative data and the demonstration of refresh signal quality state if 8) judging the command type that receives; Otherwise judge whether it is to receive the GSM order, be then to handle note or GPRS data, and refresh accepting state, simultaneously the reception data after the display process; Otherwise, judge whether it is to send note or GPRS order, be then to refresh concurrent the losing one's life of transmit status to make data.

The flow process that system's host computer transmits and receive data is respectively:

Transmission flow:

1) beginning;

2) select to send order;

3) read measurement Site ID and number of sensors;

4) judge that measurement website number whether more than 1, is the number that then reads this website, otherwise reads the number of mass-sending website;

5) write the transmission order to mobile module: the AT+CMGS=phone number;

6) wait for that mobile module returns "〉" symbol, its ASCII character value is 0X3E, if overtime not returning then write and sent the order failure; Otherwise enter next step;

7) send short message content and affirmation instruction;

8) wait for that mobile module returns confirmation, return " OK " or " ERROR ", " OK " Flushing status hurdle then in this way, prompting sends note successfully, enters next step; " ERROR " in this way, Flushing status hurdle then, SMS Tip sends failure, and resends this note automatically, gets back to step 5;

9) if mass-sending then judges to be the last item, if not, continue to send next bar note, get back to step 5; If not mass-sending, then this data command sends and finishes.

10) transmission finishes, and Flushing status hurdle information finishes;

Receive flow process:

1) beginning;

2) serial ports initialization;

3) whether buffer memory has data, has then to enter next step;

4) read data cached and preservation;

5) note is put receiving flag and Flushing status hurdle after receiving, and analyzes and handle the data that receive simultaneously;

6) send handshake, promptly send and receive the affirmation order;

7) remove receiving flag and relevant buffering, allow to receive next bar note;

8) search the data recording of measuring this website last time;

9) last time, whether data recording was complete, was then to insert and preserve new data records, otherwise deleted the incomplete data record earlier, inserted and preserve new data records again;

10) upgrade data presentation and state display field.

The slave computer control program is worked out with C and assembly language, and workflow is:

Active:

1) receives the order that is provided with of keyboard;

2) preserve the plan of establishment;

3) bring into operation;

4) judge whether the image data time arrive,, carry out next step, otherwise continue judgement time if arrive;

5) to sensor address of deconcentrator output;

6) gather this sensing data and preservation, returned for the 5th step, until having gathered whole sensing datas;

7) all sensors data that collect are sent by serial ports;

8) returned for the 4th step.

Passive type:

1) waits for that serial ports interrupts;

2) interruption is arranged, receive the host computer measuring command;

3) to sensor address of deconcentrator output;

4) gather this sensing data and preservation.Returned for the 3rd step, until having gathered whole sensing datas;

5) all sensors data that collect are sent by serial ports;

6) returned for the 1st step.

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