Synergistic sewage water treatment method of active sludge and microbial film and treatment facility
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental protection and field of energy-saving technology, relate to a kind of biological method for treating waste water and treatment facility thereof, be specifically related to sewage water treatment method and the treatment facility of a kind of anaerobism and aerobic biological activity mud and microbial film collaborative (HBSM, Hybrid Bio-Activated Sludge and Membrane).
Background technology
High-concentration waste water, especially high density and contain the dirty waste water of production technique industries such as being difficult to biodegradable chemical industry, fiber, adopt conventional aerobic sewage treatment technology to be difficult to reach emission standard, and processing efficiency is low, power consumption is high, make the treatment project of a lot of type enterprises or similar dirty waste water feel the difficulty of sewage disposal, and difficult processing cost of bearing.
Sewage treatment process or technology are divided into the two parts basically.The one, the materialization treatment technology and the method for sewage, can be divided into physical treatment technology, physical chemistry treatment technology, chemical treatment method etc., adopted for the processing majority of high-concentration hardly-degradable sewage and to have added medicament and handle, comprise treatment process such as coagulating sedimentation or coagulation air-float, be that pollutants in sewage matter is reduced to a certain degree, carry out biochemical treatment etc. again, thereby reach emission standards, but in this process, owing to added medicament etc., make the cost of processing or expense than higher, enterprise is difficult to bear; The 2nd, the biochemical processing of sewage, comprise anaerobic treatment technology and aerobic treatment technology, anaerobism technology development in recent years is than very fast, in the application of sewage disposal, also obtained excellent popularization, obtain higher energy-saving and cost-reducing effect, also simplified the technology of sewage disposal simultaneously as a kind of technology a little.
The technology of municipal sewage treatment constantly develops, and has driven the continuous progress of whole industry, and the technology of sewage disposal and facility are updated, and aspect investment and working cost also being improved in various degree.In order to guarantee that the water quality that enters water body reaches certain standard, guarantee that water body is not secondary polluted, the clearance of organic pollutant and nitrogen phosphorus must improve, but will consider expenses such as investment and running cost, and biological treatment is first-selected treatment technology and method.Biological treatment will reach the denitrogenation dephosphorizing purpose just must or create anaerobism, anoxic, zone such as aerobic in the space of reactor on the time, to realize multi-form anaerobic-aerobic dephosphorization, aerobic-the anoxic denitrogenation, required hydraulic detention time is longer, some technology reached more than 12 hours, and capital cost and working cost are all higher.Generally use biological denitrification phosphorous removal technique at present in the world, commonly used has: conventional anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic process (A/A/O technology), Bardenpho, UCT, VIP, SBR, ICEAS, CASS, UNITANK and various oxidation ditch process.Along with Processing Technology and development, occur in succession and inversion A/A/O technology in addition of using, hydrolysis-anaerobism-little oxygen process integration, high loading activated sludge process, biological aerated filter, efficient compound sewage biological treatment system, treatment process such as MBR, MBBR at present.
At present, the sewage of discharging for the production technique of petrochemical industry, the treatment process majority that adopts is activated sludge process, biomembrance process, coagulating sedimentation or air supporting etc., and majority is the series connection treatment process of the independent above method of employing in actual design, promptly the treatment process of Cai Yonging is substantially: at first sewage enters the active sludge treatment unit, sewage after treatment enters microbial film processing unit and or coagulating sedimentation or air supporting processing unit, finally water qualified discharge after treatment more successively.
A large amount of mud need reflux in the active sludge treatment unit during science and engineering was planted herein, the amount that could keep the microorganism of its treating processes needs, and the microbial film processing unit does not need returned sluge, the amount of microorganism keeps by the microbial film of growing on the filler, in whole treatment process, need bigger energy to carry out returned sluge, not only increased processing costs, can not reach with the microorganism of follow-up biofilm treatment system and coordinate existence completely, and keep higher activity, thereby reach the high processing effect, reduce processing costs.For solving the problem that this method exists, need exploitation new technology and method, design novel sewage treatment process and equipment, handle the dirty waste water of this type of high density, difficult degradation, reduce working cost, reduce investment outlay, the real realization saved energy and reduce the cost the sewage treatment process of wide accommodation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of energy-efficient anaerobic and aerobic bonded activated sludge process and synergistic biological method for treating waste water of biomembrance process and treatment facility.
Know-why of the present invention
The synergistic biological method for treating waste water of activated sludge process and biomembrance process, i.e. while symbiote active sludge and microbial film flora in a pond body.The existence of active sludge be sewage can be in the shortest time with contact with active sludge in the pond with the flow process of minimum, have the ability of bigger anti impulsion load; Biomembranous existence has then improved the biomass in the pond, makes mud more stable.Both act synergistically, and have improved the processing efficiency and the sludge settling property of sewage largely, have stablized treatment effect, and reliable, running cost is low.
Technical scheme of the present invention
The sewage water treatment method that biological activity mud and microbial film are collaborative is realized by corresponding sewage disposal device.
One, the collaborative sewage disposal device of biological activity mud and microbial film:
Biological activity mud and microbial film synergy (HBSM, Hybrid Bio-ActivatedSludge and Membrane) biological sewage treatment equipment mainly is made up of inside and outside two circle two partss, isolate by partition wall between inner ring, the outer ring, flashboard is set on the partition wall, the size that may command inner ring sewage enters the outer ring sewage quantity, and cultivation and the control of the subregion in acclimation sludge stage; At outer water outlet partition wall or the controlled internal reflux flashboard of dividing plate bottom design;
Inner round portion is the internal layer of equipment, is active sludge biological treatment zone completely, and sewage water inlet pipe 1 and mud return line are arranged, and two pipelines extend into the bottom of equipment internal layer respectively, and the top of internal layer or bottom are equipped with water outlet and directly feed skin;
The outer ring part is the skin of equipment, is the synergistic biological treatment zone of microbial film and active sludge, and skin is filled with filler, and microbial film in the surface growth of filler, and the aerated conduit system is equipped with at the bottom of filler or middle part, and there is water outlet outer field upper part.
The filler of the outer filling of equipment can select to determine according to the character of sewage and the degree of treatment of requirement, promptly according to sewage of different nature, and the filler of the installation different types that can select.Wherein the filler of being adorned can be divided into fixedly filler or floating stuffing.
Wherein fixedly filler is soft cellulose filler, vertical elastic filler or comprehensive filler etc.; Floating stuffing is suspension ball filler or many cavitys foam plastics square filler etc.
When filler is installed, need reserve space or space for fixing filler than normal mounting spacing big 30%~50%, so that active sludge is mobile, really form the associated treatment effect of active sludge and biomembranous symbiotic co-existence;
In the aerated conduit system that the outer pond of equipment base fabric is put, according to the difference of the hop count of its setting and pending sewage character biological treatment zone is carried out subregion, can be divided into following several form:
1., anaerobic zone, oxygen-starved area, aerobic zone;
2., anaerobic zone, aerobic zone;
3., oxygen-starved area, aerobic zone;
4., aerobic zone.
More than each subregion of every kind of form link to each other successively, need not separate by partition wall.
The inside and outside layer partition wall and the outer field material of equipment of the present invention adopt stainless steel, carbon steel or glass reinforced plastic, or adopt the structures of cheap Steel Concrete to substitute.
Two, the biologic process for treating sewage of biological activity mud and microbial film collaborative (HBSM, Hybrid Bio-ActivatedSludge and Membrane) comprises following two steps:
(1), active sludge anaerobic treatment stage:
At first carry out the cultivation and the domestication of the surface biological film of cultivation of internal layer active sludge and outer field filler, the pending sewage in back enters the internal layer of treatment facility from sewage water inlet pipe, enter the sludge back flow quantity of the internal layer of treatment facility simultaneously from mud return line by gate valve control on the sludge return pipe, in inner ring active sludge treatment district, the sewage that enters and the mud of backflow mix rapidly, and with the pond in be in anaerobic state the biological activity mud mixed liquid mix, mixed solution from bottom to top flows along internal layer, form the high-concentration suspension activated sludge layer, after sewage arrives the internal layer rising pipe on top through this sludge suspension layer, flow into the associated treatment district of outer microbial film and active sludge again; Sewage desirable 1.5~3 hours in the residence time of internal layer; The ratio control 20~60% of sludge back flow quantity wherein;
(2), active sludge and biomembranous associated treatment stage:
After the sewage that step (1) anaerobic treatment stage is handled enters the associated treatment district of outer microbial film and active sludge through the internal layer rising pipe, spiral mobile forward along the space of filler, the intrasystem air of aerated conduit is motion from bottom to top then, at gas, water flows in the process, respectively with filler between active sludge contact, contact with microbial film again, active sludge and microbial film again, carry out so repeatedly, sewage is after the residence time in outer associated treatment district can be designed as 4~8 hours, and the sewage that reaches emission request along the circumferential direction flows to the water outlet discharge of treatment facility always.
In above-mentioned biological activity mud and the synergistic sewage treatment process of microbial film, air passes moisture film and progressively enters in microbial film or the active sludge, the oxygen of besoin de respirer is provided for microorganism, organic substance in the sewage also moves and enters biofilm system simultaneously, by the biological degradation in the microbial film, perhaps, resolve into less mineral compound, sewage is purified by microbiological deterioration in the active sludge.
Through operation after a while, biofilm biomass on the filler can get more and more, thickness also constantly increases, in order to obtain better and the stable treated effect, can control biomembranous thickness on the filler by the mode of control aeration rate, and then control the total biomass of whole biological treatment system, also can control and coordinate the size of mud quantity of reflux by the biomembranous amount of control.Simultaneously,, also can control microbial film and whether handle anaerobic state, or hold concurrently oxygen condition or good oxygen condition, thereby reach processing intent different properties sewage by the control aeration rate.
The skin of treatment facility of the present invention combines with internal layer, and the collaborative biological sewage treatment operation scheme of the active sludge of formation and microbial film is internal layer anaerobic treatment, outer anaerobism, anoxic, aerobic three subregion bonded modes; Internal layer anaerobic treatment, outer anaerobism, aerobic two subregion bonded modes; Internal layer anaerobic treatment, outer anoxic, aerobic two subregion bonded modes; Internal layer anaerobic treatment, outer aerobic combination.The concrete operation scheme of handling can be selected according to the character of sewage.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
The present invention is the synergy of biological activity mud and biofilm system symbiotic co-existence, according to the difference of sewage character, can adopt different operation processing modes.Simultaneously, must carry out suitable mud according to the requirement of system and reflux, the present invention has also considered inner from return-flow system, with usefulness and the treatment effect that guarantees effective active sludge.
Since the existence of active sludge be sewage can be in the shortest time with contact with active sludge in the pond with the flow process of minimum, have the ability of bigger anti impulsion load; Biomembranous existence has then improved the biomass in the pond, makes mud more stable.So the sewage treatment process that activated sludge process and biomembrance process are collaborative has improved the processing efficiency of sewage largely, has stablized treatment effect, sludge settling property is greatly improved, and moves more reliably, and running cost is lower.
Sewage treatment process of the present invention and corresponding treatment facility thereof can be adapted to the high density and the sewage of low concentration of high density or difficult degradation, and the processing of the production of lower concentration and high density or the dirty waste water of living, big as far as possible reduces investment outlay, and reduces running cost, reduces and takes up an area of.
The treatment effect of treatment process of the present invention is stable, and reliable, effluent quality can reach the primary standard of discharging standards; The mud that produces has settling property preferably, is easy to handle.
Compare with other treatment facility or structures by method and apparatus of the present invention, technical process is short, and the mud quantity of reflux reduces 40%~80%, and working cost reduces by 18%~31%.For the sewage that is difficult to degrade of general aspects, after internal layer and outer field classification biological treatment, the clearance of entire equipment or technology can reach more than 90%.Become in conjunction with the combination that reaches multiple treatment process by the inside and outside of treatment facility, operation scheme is flexible, saves the investment of engineering, reduces floor space.
Description of drawings
The diagrammatic cross-section of Fig. 1, saprobia active sludge and microbial film associated treatment equipment
The orthographic plan of Fig. 2, saprobia active sludge and microbial film associated treatment equipment
Embodiment
For the present invention is further set forth, the present invention is further specified below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The biological sewage treatment equipment of a kind of biological activity mud and microbial film synergy (HBSM, Hybrid Bio-ActivatedSludge and Membrane) is shown in accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 2.
Equipment mainly is made up of inside and outside two circle two partss.Isolate by partition wall between inner ring, the outer ring, flashboard 8 is set on the partition wall; At outer water outlet partition wall or dividing plate bottom flashboard 10 is set.
Inner round portion is the internal layer of equipment, is active sludge biological treatment zone 3 completely, and sewage water inlet pipe 1 and mud return line are arranged, and two pipelines extend into the bottom of equipment internal layer respectively, and the top of internal layer or bottom have water outlet 5 to link to each other with the skin of equipment.
The outer ring part is the skin of equipment, is the synergistic biological treatment zone 4 of microbial film and active sludge, outer filling filler 9, and microbial film in the surface growth of filler, and aerated conduit system 7 is equipped with at the bottom of filler or middle part, and there is water outlet 6 outer field upper part.
The filler of the outer filling of equipment can select to determine according to the character of sewage and the degree of treatment of requirement, and promptly according to sewage of different nature, that can select installs and fixes filler or floating stuffing.Wherein fixedly filler is soft cellulose filler, vertical elastic filler or comprehensive filler etc.Floating stuffing is suspension ball filler or many cavitys foam plastics square filler etc.
In the aerated conduit system that the outer pond of equipment base fabric is put, according to the difference of the hop count of its setting and pending sewage character biological treatment zone 4 is carried out subregion, can be divided into following several form:
1., anaerobic zone, oxygen-starved area, aerobic zone;
2., anaerobic zone, aerobic zone;
3., oxygen-starved area, aerobic zone;
4., aerobic zone.
More than each subregion of every kind of form link to each other successively, need not separate by partition wall.
The inside and outside layer partition wall and the outer field material of equipment of the present invention can adopt stainless steel, carbon steel or glass reinforced plastic, also can adopt the structures of cheap Steel Concrete to substitute.
The skin of treatment facility of the present invention combines with internal layer, and the collaborative biological sewage treatment operation scheme of the active sludge of formation and microbial film is internal layer anaerobic treatment, outer anaerobism, anoxic, aerobic three subregion bonded modes; Internal layer anaerobic treatment, outer anaerobism, aerobic two subregion bonded modes; Internal layer anaerobic treatment, outer anoxic, aerobic two subregion bonded modes; Internal layer anaerobic treatment, outer aerobic combination.The operation scheme of concrete treatment facility can be selected according to the character of pending sewage.
Below in conjunction with equipment the biological method for treating waste water of a kind of biological activity mud of the present invention and microbial film synergy (HBSM, Hybrid Bio-Activated Sludge and Membrane) is further set forth:
At first carry out the cultivation and the domestication of the surface biological film of cultivation of internal layer active sludge and outer field filler (9), after with the internal layer of pending sewage from sewage water inlet pipe 1 access arrangement or treatment process, returned sluge is from the internal layer of mud return line 2 access arrangements or treatment process simultaneously, two pipelines extend into the bottom (when the internal layer water outlet is arranged on top) of equipment internal layer respectively, mud in this sewage that enters and backflow mixes rapidly, and with the pond in be in anaerobic state the biological activity mud mixed liquid mix rapidly, reach internal layer average concentration to a certain degree in a short period of time, have the ability of stronger anti-shock loading.From bottom to top flow along internal layer through mixed mixed solution, form the high-concentration suspension activated sludge layer, in the time of design, arrive the internal layer rising pipe 5 of internal layer top or bottom, or, flow into the associated treatment district of outer microbial film and active sludge again by being arranged on the flashboard 8 of bottom; According to the different in kind of the difficult degradation sewage of intaking, sewage desirable 1.5~3 hours in the residence time of internal layer.
The size of mud quantity of reflux is controlled by the valve on the second pond mud return line, looks the different in kind of sewage, and quantity of reflux generally can be controlled in 20%~60%, for the high value of high-concentration sewage employing of difficult degradation, otherwise adopts low mud quantity of reflux.
Enter the associated treatment district of outer microbial film and active sludge through the sewage after the internal layer anaerobic treatment after, flow to the outer water outlet 6 of equipment along outer circumferential direction, partially mixed liquid can be back to outer biological treatment zone by the flashboard 10 that is arranged on the bottom, the size of the quantity of reflux of the unlatching size control mixed solution of flashboard.Sewage after 4~8 hours residence time, satisfies requirements in water quality and the purpose that can discharge after handling in this zone.
Embodiment 1
In order to verify biological activity mud of the present invention and synergistic sewage water treatment method of microbial film and corresponding treatment facility, get petrochemical industry sewage and handle application.
Get petrochemical industry sewage, the COD:860mg/L~1200mg/L of composite wastewater, BOD:240mg/L~330mg/L, NH
3-N:35mg/L~67mg/L.
Character according to experiment sewage has adopted the internal layer anaerobism, outer anaerobism, anoxic, aerobic three subregion bonded operation scheme.
After the synergistic sewage water treatment method of synergistic sewage disposal treatment facility of biological activity mud of the application of the invention and microbial film and its corresponding biological activity mud and microbial film is handled, water outlet COD:<60mg/L, BOD:<15mg/L, NH
3-N:<15mg/L, processing efficiency significantly improves, and stable effluent quality, and operation conditions is good.