CN101544926A - Preparation process for activator for micron/nano soft metal lubricant capable of forming ultra thick frictional coating - Google Patents
Preparation process for activator for micron/nano soft metal lubricant capable of forming ultra thick frictional coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN101544926A CN101544926A CN200910050365A CN200910050365A CN101544926A CN 101544926 A CN101544926 A CN 101544926A CN 200910050365 A CN200910050365 A CN 200910050365A CN 200910050365 A CN200910050365 A CN 200910050365A CN 101544926 A CN101544926 A CN 101544926A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation process for an activator for a micron/nano soft metal lubricant capable of forming an ultra thick frictional coating. The preparation process adds nano level or micron level soft metal which is 2 to 45 percent of the weight of a lubricant into lubricant grease, and adds the activator which is 5 to 20 percent of the weight of the lubricant. The lubricant is one of plain mineral oil, and No.0 or No.00 plain lubricant grease; the nano level or micron level soft metal is nano level or micron level soft metal powder which is one or more of tin powder, zinc powder, indium powder and lead powder; the activator is an aromatic organic fatty acid derivative; and the required lubricant can be prepared by even agitation. The preparation process effectively improves the repair quality of the lubricant capable of forming a thicker self-repairing coating for the skin friction of a greatly damaged machine part, and makes the antifriction abrasionproof performance of the lubricant go beyond that of a conventional abrasionproof lubricant. Frictional coatings of various thicknesses are generated by the lubricant with different recipes so as to be suitable for the tolerance and fit with different requirements.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to adopt in a kind of little, nanometer soft metal lubricating grease that forms ultra thick frictional coating the preparation technology of activator, belong to lubricating oil technology and tribo-chemistry field.
Background technology
Scholar such as Zi Zhaoyuan, Xu Binshi proposes to use nano-micro level soft metal lubricant online compensation or has repaired since the imagination of mechanical component wear surface, carry out research and test, to the intensity that improves mechanical component with have great importance the work-ing life of prolonged mechanical equipment in this field.Because result of study before this; friction restoration and protection layer to wearing parts is very thin; generally be no more than 100 nanometers; though can have certain reparation degree to the minimum situation of surface damage; but for the comparatively serious machine parts of surface damage; then repairing effect is very little because protective layer is too thin, does not reach the purpose of real self compensation and selfreparing as yet.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of activator to be used for the lubricating grease of nano level or micron order soft metal ultra thick frictional plating (or friction coatings).Promptly under same friction condition, it is the soft metal reparation of 1000 nanometer to 20000 more than nanometer thickness that this grease can form thickness in the perished surface friction of copper or steel part, and the piece surface of wearing and tearing is repaired, even reaches negative wearing and tearing.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind ofly form the little of ultra thick frictional coating, adopt the preparation technology of activator in the lubricant of nanometer soft metal, it is characterized in that this technology has following preparation process: the nano level or the micron order soft metal of in lubricant base stock, adding lubricant base stock weight 2～45%, add the activator of lubricant base stock weight 5～20%, described lubricant base stock is a plain mineral oil, No. 0 common lubricating grease, a kind of in No. 00 common lubricating grease, described nano level or micron order soft metal are nano level or micron order glass putty, zinc powder, the indium powder, in the lead powder one or more, described activator is an aromatic series organic fatty acid derivative, stir, can make required lubricant.
The self-repair material that in lubricant of the present invention, adds this activator not can with oil product generation chemical reaction, do not change oil viscosity and character, chemical property at normal temperatures is very stable.When this lubricant is lubricated mechanical transmission; the pressure when working and the high temperature of generation by friction pair; lubricant and the effect of friction surface generation tribo-chemistry; in continual friction contact process; remove surface film oxide; it is long at the matrix surface of wearing that fine soft metal powder in the lubricant is melted, and forms to have the selfreparing characteristic and certain thickness friction coatings, and this soft metal friction protective layer has good anti-wear and wear-resistant performance.
With nanometer tin oil lubrication steel-copper friction pair, one group of lubricating oil is added activator, another group lubricating oil does not add activator, opposes than test.Test-results is seen Fig. 1.Compare with the lubricant of activation treatment not, adopt the copper surface of activator to present the fairly obvious Sn coating that the certain thickness sense is arranged.
After the rub(bing)test weightening finish of two groups of copper samples is obviously different, yet the very little sample that has activated of non-activated sample increase has the weightening finish (seeing Table 1) of Shanghai Communications University amplitude.Illustrate that the activating additive of development can be very effectively and easily make matrix surface form the friction reparation.
Table 1 surface active and non-activated copper sample mass are relatively
Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis is carried out in copper sample transverse section, see Fig. 2.In Fig. 2, the left side is the copper matrix, and the right is an epoxy adhesive, and the centre is the tin reparation, and coat-thickness is visible as 10-20 μ m (10000-20000nm).This external space of can't see substantially at the interface illustrates that the copper matrix combines well with reparation.The X-ray energy spectrum analysis shows have tin Sn element to distribute in the reparation on the copper matrix.In frictional wear experiment, do not see disbonding and sliding phenomenon take place in addition, proved that tin coating and copper matrix have bonding strength preferably yet.
The lubricant that adds activator can not only rub and form thicker soft metal reparation, and its anti-wear and wear-resistant performance all is better than traditional lubricant.Steel-copper friction pair is made friction-wear test with the 20% nanometer tin lubricating grease that adds 10% activator and non-additive No. 00 fat, 3% zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZDTP) commonly used and 3% traditional copper-steel low friction compound clorafin to be contrasted.Fig. 3 shows the coefficientoffriction of four kinds of lubricants under the different loads operating mode, and as can be seen: secondly the μ maximum of non-additive 00 fat is 3%ZDTP, 3% clorafin, and the μ value of 20%Sn fat of the present invention is minimum.This shows, add the 20%Sn fat of activator, its antifriction performance has surpassed better traditional anti-wear agent ZDTP and clorafin.
Fig. 4 has provided the polishing machine of four kinds of lubricants.As seen from Figure 4, the wearing and tearing of 3%ZDTP are the most serious, it is described and is not suitable for steel-copper friction pair, and be applicable to that the abrasion resistance of 3% clorafin of steel-copper friction pair obviously is better than 3%ZDTP and No. 00 fat, but abrasion loss is apparently higher than 20%Sn fat of the present invention.20%Sn fat reaches zero wearing and tearing during for 400N in load, all shows as negative wearing and tearing under other load.Prove absolutely that active Sn base grease has good antifriction antiwear characteristic.
The present invention can improve the repairing quality of lubricant effectively, and the machinery part surface friction bigger to damage forms thicker selfreparing coating, makes the anti-wear and wear-resistant performance of lubricant surpass traditional antifriction lubricant.The present invention also can adopt the friction coatings of the prescription generation different thickness of different concns on the other hand, to be fit to the different tolerance fit that require.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 does not activate and activatory Sn coating photo, (a) not activation, (b) activation.
The X-ray energy spectrum and the SEM photo in friction reparation transverse section on Fig. 2 copper matrix, (a) the Sn coating on the red copper matrix, (b) the Sn coating on the brass base.
Fig. 3 is 20%Sn lubricating grease and 00 fat, 3%ZDTP, the frictional coefficient of 3% clorafin under various load.
Fig. 4 is 20%Sn lubricating grease and 00 fat, 3%ZDTP, the abrasion loss of 3% clorafin under various load.
Fig. 5 is the X-ray energy spectrum and the SEM photo in friction reparation transverse section on the steel matrix.
Embodiment
Now embodiments of the invention are described in down:
Test subject: steel-copper friction pair is adopted the nanometer tin lubricating oil that adds activator, and test is repaired influence and the tribological property of the oil of situation, different tin concentration to reparation thickness to the friction on copper surface.With 60 gram Sn powder, 30 gram activators (aromatic series organic fatty acid derivative), be mixed in No. 32 plain mineral oils of 80 grams, be designated as NSY.NSY is put into 01-HDDM type sand mill, and the 3500r/min rotating speed ground 20 minutes.Add an amount of No. 32 oil in NSY again, proportioning becomes sijna rice (particle diameter＜100 nanometers) massfraction to be respectively 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 30% lubricant, is placed on that the rotating speed with 16000r/min stirs on the emulsify at a high speed clarifixator.
Table 2 has provided the quality change of copper sample before and after rub(bing)test of different stanniferous amounts, and testing error is less than ± 2.5%.Test-results shows that not containing activator and stanniferous amount in the lubricant is 0 zero sample, and quality alleviates after the rub(bing)test, illustrates that specimen surface is worn.The 1-5 sample is the nanometer tin lubricating oil that adds activator in the lubricant, and after the rub(bing)test there being in various degree the quality of copper sample increases, and the variation of sample mass increases along with the increase of Sn per-cent in the additive, and variation presents regularity.Explanation has formed the reparation of different thickness on the sample top layer, and thickens with the increase of Sn content.
The quality change of table 2 copper sample before and after test
Table 3 has provided frictional coefficient and the abrasion loss of nanometer Sn lubricating oil in frictional wear experiment of various content, and data are got the mean value of three test-results in the table.By table 3 as seen, coefficientoffriction maximum when steel rubs with no Sn coating, specimen surface weares and teares; With the lubricated copper sample of the nanometer tin lubricant that contains activator, except that sample 1, wearing and tearing negative growth phenomenon all occurs, and, demonstrate tangible wearing and tearing self-repair effect along with the increase wearing and tearing negative growth of tin content increases to some extent, frictional coefficient reduces.
Table 3 red copper matrix difference contains the friction and wear behavior of Sn amount coating
Embodiment 2
Test subject: steel-steel-steel pair is adopted the tin zinc lubricating grease that adds activator, and test is repaired situation and tribological property thereof to the friction on steel surface.
Get common commercially available No. 00 Li lithium soap grease.With massfraction is that 20% micron order glass putty and 10% zinc powder mix with 15% activator, 55% No. 00 fat, stirs, and makes the lubricating grease of 10%Zn20%Sn.By the identical compound method change zinc powder and the proportioning of No. 00 fat, obtain the lubricating grease of 10%Zn20%Sn and 25%Zn, 20%Sn.
Other gets two groups of samples and opposes than test, and first group of sample is lubricated with the VG10 white oil; Second group of sample 15Zn20Sn grease lubrication that does not add activator, this lubricant is called for short WHZ.Test is carried out on MS-800 type four ball formula friction wear testing machines.Last sample adopts 45
#Steel, hard surfacing, surface hardness is 45HRC; Following sample is with 45
#Steel, modified, surface hardness is 220HBS.Table 4 has provided after various lubricants or the lubricated reparation of additive, the quality change situation of steel sample, and tabulated value is the mean value of every group of sample.Adopt VG10 white oil and WHZ lubricated, noticeable wear takes place, sample mass alleviates; And the steel sample mass that adds the various zinc-tin grease lubrication of promoting agent all has increase in various degree; The sample mass increase is remarkable more, and the reparation that forms at specimen surface is also thick more.
Table 4 friction is repaired back steel sample mass and is changed
Figure 5 shows that the X-ray energy spectrum and the SEM photo in steel sample transverse section, the left side is a steel matrix, and the right is an epoxy adhesive, and the centre is the Sn-Zn reparation, and coat-thickness is about 20 μ m, and reparation combines closely with steel matrix.The X-ray energy spectrum analysis shows have Sn, Zn element to distribute in the reparation on the steel matrix.
Table 5 lubricant and additive are to the influence of frictional coefficient and abrasion loss
It is 200N in load that table 5 has been listed various zinc-tin composite additives, and rotating speed is 500r/min, the abrasion loss W of coefficientoffriction when wearing-in period is 10min and following sample.
By table 5 as seen, adding coefficientoffriction that three groups of activator contain the Zn-Sn complex liped reduces slightly than preceding two kind 1 and 2 lubricants; Abrasion resistance then obviously improves (negative wearing and tearing), and when lubricating with VG10 white oil and WHZ, the steel sample weares and teares; After adopting three kinds to contain the lubricated reparation of Zn-Sn complex liped, negative wearing and tearing in various degree all appear in sample, illustrate that activator and zinc, tin additive that proportioning is an amount of can lubricate the abrasion resistance of repairing and improving material to the steel injured surface preferably.
Embodiment 3
Test event: adopt No. 00 fat lubricated to WD type worm type of reduction gearing respectively, the total mechanical efficient of test speed reduction unit under two kinds of lubricants are lubricated with the 5In25Sn12Zn fat that adds activator.
The micron order glass putty that with massfraction is 5% indium powder, 12% zinc powder and 25% mixes with 15% promoting agent and 43% No. 00 lubricating grease, stirs, and makes the lubricating grease of 5In25Sn12Zn.
Table 6 worm and worm wheel significant parameter and geometrical dimension
WD type worm type of reduction gearing is carried out bench testing, and the worm screw material is 45 steel, modifier treatment, and hardness is 250HBS; The worm gear material is the 10-1 tinbronze.Drivingmotor model: AOD71-4/8A, power are 250W, and rotating speed is 680r/min, and worm and worm wheel significant parameter and geometrical dimension see Table 6.
Test duration: 4 hours/each test
Test result:
1.00 number grease lubrication (reference oil sample), total mechanical efficiency eta=0.46 of speed reduction unit
2.5In25Sn12Zn grease lubrication, total mechanical efficiency eta=0.72 of speed reduction unit
Adopt active 5In25Sn12Zn grease lubrication, make the efficient of worm gear reducer improve 57%.
3. after each bench testing, take waste oil to carry out automatic emmission spectrum abrasion loss test data
Also show through the spectroscopic data of bench testing: adopt the lubricating grease of technology of the present invention, have good practical wear-resistant, antifriction and oilness.
Claims (1)
1. one kind can form the little of ultra thick frictional coating, adopt the preparation technology of activator in the lubricant of nanometer soft metal, it is characterized in that this technology has following preparation process: the nano level or the micron order soft metal of in lubricant base stock, adding lubricant base stock weight 2～45%, add the activator of lubricant base stock weight 5～20%, described lubricant base stock is a plain mineral oil, No. 0 common lubricating grease, a kind of in No. 00 common lubricating grease, described nano level or micron order soft metal are nano level or micron order glass putty, zinc powder, the indium powder, in the lead powder one or more, described activator is an aromatic series organic fatty acid derivative, stir, can make required lubricant.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109022101A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-12-18 | 北方民族大学 | A kind of anti-attrition antiwear additive and its application in Reclaimed Base Oil |
| CN114369482A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-19 | 烟台大学 | Preparation and use method of nanoscale super-smooth powder antifriction additive |
-
2009
- 2009-04-30 CN CN200910050365A patent/CN101544926A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109022101A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-12-18 | 北方民族大学 | A kind of anti-attrition antiwear additive and its application in Reclaimed Base Oil |
| CN114369482A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-19 | 烟台大学 | Preparation and use method of nanoscale super-smooth powder antifriction additive |
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Open date: 20090930 |