CN101544507A

CN101544507A - A method to manufacture foam ceramic material

Info

Publication number: CN101544507A
Application number: CN200910043360A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周维元
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2009-05-07
Filing date: 2009-05-07
Publication date: 2009-09-30

Abstract

A method to manufacture foam ceramic, wherein ceramic paste is used as raw material, an appropriate amount of Gellan gum or agar or other high polymer, or PVA or SCMC or PS is added, ceramic slurry with low solid content is prepared in a ball mill by using water or acetone oxime or isopropanol or tert-butyl alcohol as solvent, a suspension with 10-40% (v%) of solid content is thus formed, the ceramic paste is solidified through macromolecular interlinking to obtain ceramic bodies, the ceramic bodies are dried and sintered at 1200-1300 DEG C, this temperature is held 2h, and in the end the finished products are obtained. The product of the present invention has uniform aperture, its overall porosity is 50-85%, strength may reach 50MPa and performance is stable. The invention is an ideal foam ceramic sound absorbing material.

Description

The manufacture method of foam ceramic material

Technical field

The present invention relates to the manufacture method of foam ceramic material.

Background technology

The development of foam ceramic material starts from the seventies in 20th century, is a kind of porous material with hot properties.Does not wait from the nano level to the micron order in its aperture, and void content is between 20%～95%, and use temperature is normal temperature～1600 ℃.China carries out the foamed ceramics research work in early 1980s, over nearly 20 years, successively has tens tame scientific research institutions and producer to report the research of foamed ceramics goods.Foamed ceramics because have that void content height, specific surface area are big, anti-thermal shock, high temperature resistant, resistance to chemical attack and excellent mechanical intensity and Filtration Adsorption performance, be widely used in heat exchange material, the gas distribution material, the vehicle exhaust device purifies metallurgical industry filtering molten attitude metal, energy recovery, light industry spraying industry, industrial sewage is handled, thermal and sound insulating materials, as the chemical catalysis agent carrier, electrolytic film and separation dispersive element etc.In recent years, the Application Areas of porous ceramics expands to aviation field, electronic applications, field of medical materials and biochemical field etc. again.The widespread use of porous ceramics has caused the great attention of global material circle, therefore, preparation high strength, aperture evenly, the foamed ceramic body of stable performance, high-sequential, the application in the every profession and trade is very necessary at home to widen and develop foamed ceramics.

Method for preparing foamed ceramics has: foaming, sol-gel method, interpolation pore-forming material method, organic precursor pickling process, gel injection technology, self propagating high temperature synthesis technique, foam precursors reaction method, organic foam method of piling, particle packing technology, hydro-thermal-Re static pressure technology, microwave heating process, phase-splitting leach method for preparing foamed ceramics such as method, solid-gas eutectic method, thermal decomposition of wood framework method etc.The three-dimensional netted organic foam of employings such as Zhu Xinwen is a carrier, and elder generation prepares high porosity with impregnation technology and almost do not have the mesh semifinished product of plug-hole, handles the precast body that acquisition has certain intensity through plastic removal, pre-burning.Patent CN1272472 discloses a kind of acoustical foam ceramic material and manufacture method thereof: cement and solid particulate and water evenly stir into slurry, and organic cavernous body dipping is wherein obtained blank, take out the back air-set.Patent CN101274834 discloses a kind of cast stone acoustic board, cement, solid particulate, organic adhesive and water mixing and stirring, make slurry, be that 70～80% polyurethane foam carrier immerses in the slurry and makes blank again with open porosity, at last redundant sizing agent is removed in the blank vibration, make finished product after the spontaneous curing.These two kinds of methods are owing to contain polyurethane sponge, and are ageing-resistant, weathering resistance is relatively poor, and intensity is lower; Sponge can increase manufacturing cost simultaneously, brings environmental pollution again.Patent CN1296933 discloses a kind of ceramic sound-absorbing material, and this stupalith obtains by following process: at least a composition that is selected from fireclay and fire-clay grog, add flammable pore-forming material, and this adulterant of sintering, obtain foamed ceramics.This method must adopt combustible pore-forming material, a large amount of flammable pore-forming materials such as coal dust, sawdust etc., and not only consumes energy is brought environmental pollution, also has the raw material sources problem.For addressing the above problem, the contriver has carried out the long term studies test, and new invention has been arranged finally.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of foam ceramic material manufacture method.

Technical scheme of the present invention is: utilize gel forming prepared foamed ceramics, concrete processing step comprises:

1. with high molecular polymer and solvent, compound concentration is the organic high molecular polymer solution of 1-4%, and 20-40% adds ceramic mud by volume, ball milling 2-3 hour, cross 200 mesh sieves, and be prepared into the suspensoid slurry of solid volume content at 20-40%; Slurry is poured in the mould, be cooled to room temperature, left standstill 2-4 hour, the dry curing that realizes ceramic mud of the demoulding obtains the foamed ceramics base substrate;

Organic high molecular polymer can be gelling gum or agar, also can be polyvinyl alcohol, Xylo-Mucine, polystyrene; The organic high molecular polymer strength of solution is 1-4%; Solvent can be water or acetoxime or Virahol or trimethyl carbinol and composition thereof.

2. with the demoulding of foamed ceramics base substrate, wet base substrate is dried or infrared drying under the temperature condition of solvent evaporates, and the control rate of drying makes the dry shrinkage amount of base substrate be less than 1%, reclaims solvent simultaneously, obtains having the dry body of open-celled structure.

3. dried ceramic body heat-up rate according to 3-4 ℃/min in ceramic firing furnace rises to 500 ℃, is incubated one hour and carries out binder removal, guarantees that organism all gets rid of; Rise to 1250-1300 ℃ of insulation 2 hours with 5 ℃/min again, obtaining whole void content is the foamed ceramics sound-absorbing material of 50-85%.

Product of the present invention aperture is even, and whole void content is 50-85%, and intensity is 15-50MPa, and stable performance is a kind of ideal foamed ceramics sound-absorbing material.This product can be used for the noise barrier of traffic urban operating mechanisms such as motorway, high-speed railway, light rail, viaduct, railway, subway, Urban Underground Passage noise reduction furred ceiling, the architectural acoustics finishing in shopping mall, office block and gymnasium, various environmental protection noise reductions and architectural acoustics fitting-out works such as central air-conditioning machine room and noise abatement of diesel generation machine room and large scale industry testing laboratory, the top ceiling, the wallboard that also can be used for industrial and mining enterprises' high noisy machine room, Karaoke room etc. and buildings are made sound absorption lagging material etc.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.These specific embodiments only are used to the present invention is described and are not used in and limit the scope of the invention.

Embodiment one

According to the aqueous solution of 1:100 (weight ratio) mixed preparing gelling gum, 20% adds Wugang pottery mud, ball milling 2 hours by volume, obtain stable ceramic size, slurry is heated to 80 ℃ then, be incubated 1 hour, make the abundant aquation of gelling gum, add the soluble calcium salt or the magnesium salts of 5 person of outstanding talent's moles, stir, cooling, gelling gum is crosslinking curing under the divalent cation effect, obtain the wet base of foamed ceramics, wet base places air dry oven in 100 ℃ of complete dryinies, obtains the porous ceramics base substrate.Base substrate rises to 500 ℃ of insulations one hour by 3 ℃/min, gets rid of organism, rises to 1250 ℃ of insulations 2 hours by 5 ℃/min then, finally obtains porosity and be 85% foamed ceramics sound-absorbing material, and the strength of materials is above 10MPa.

Embodiment two

Formulation content is 3% aqueous agar solution, the adding volume ratio is 40% Wugang pottery mud, ball milling two hours obtains stable ceramic size, slurry is heated to 80 ℃ then, be incubated 1 hour, make the abundant aquation of agar, cooling then obtains the wet base of many empty potteries, wet base places air dry oven in 100 ℃ of complete dryinies, obtains the porous ceramics base substrate.Base substrate rises to 500 ℃ of insulations by 3 ℃/min and got rid of organism in 1 hour, rises to 1250 ℃ of insulations 2 hours by 5 ℃/min then, finally obtains porosity and be 50% foamed ceramics sound-absorbing material, and the strength of materials is above 40MPa.

Embodiment three

Under 70 ℃ temperature, polystyrene and the acetoxime part by weight according to 5:95 is mixed, 30% adds ceramic mud raw material by volume, and ball milling 2 hours obtains stable ceramic size.Pour slurry into mould, cool to room temperature, acetoxime generation crystallization, polystyrene produces crosslinking curing, obtains ceramic body, and infrared drying makes the acetoxime distillation and reclaims, and acquisition ultimate compression strength 2MPa, relative density are 0.3 foamed ceramics base substrate.Base substrate rises to 500 ℃ of insulations by 4 ℃/min and got rid of organism in 1 hour, rises to 1300 ℃ of insulations 2 hours by 5 ℃/min then, finally obtains porosity and be 67% foam ceramic material, and the strength of materials is above 50MPa.

In the above-mentioned technology, can obtain the foamed ceramics base substrate of varying strength by changing the add-on of solid content of slurry, high molecular polymer; Can realize control by changing solid content of slurry, sintering temperature, sintering time to foam ceramic material intensity, porosity, sound absorbing capabilities.

Claims

1, the manufacture method of foam ceramic material is characterized in that: adopt the gel forming prepared, its processing step comprises:

1) with high molecular polymer and solvent, compound concentration is the organic high molecular polymer solution of 1-4%, and 20-40% adds ceramic mud by volume, ball milling 2-3 hour, cross 200 mesh sieves, and be prepared into the suspensoid slurry of solid volume content at 20-40%; Slurry is poured in the mould, be cooled to room temperature, left standstill 2-4 hour, the dry curing that realizes ceramic mud of the demoulding obtains the foamed ceramics base substrate;

Organic high molecular polymer can be gelling gum or agar, also can be a kind of of polyvinyl alcohol, Xylo-Mucine, polystyrene; Solvent can be water or acetoxime or Virahol or trimethyl carbinol and composition thereof;

2) with the demoulding of foamed ceramics base substrate, wet base substrate is dried or infrared drying under the temperature condition of solvent evaporates, and the control rate of drying makes the dry shrinkage amount of base substrate be less than 1%, reclaims solvent simultaneously, obtains having the dry body of open-celled structure;

3) dried ceramic body heat-up rate according to 3-4 ℃/min in ceramic firing furnace rises to 500 ℃, is incubated one hour and carries out binder removal, guarantees that organism all gets rid of; Rise to 1250-1300 ℃ of insulation 2 hours with 5 ℃/min again, obtain the foam ceramic material that whole void content is 50-85%.