CN101539367A - Small furnace cover of electric furnace and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Small furnace cover of electric furnace and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101539367A CN101539367A CN200910031583A CN200910031583A CN101539367A CN 101539367 A CN101539367 A CN 101539367A CN 200910031583 A CN200910031583 A CN 200910031583A CN 200910031583 A CN200910031583 A CN 200910031583A CN 101539367 A CN101539367 A CN 101539367A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an improvement of a small furnace cover of an electric furnace and a forming method thereof. The small furnace cover of an electric furnace is characterized in that annular passages which are divided into a plurality of layers in the upper and lower parts and have different radial sizes are arranged on the thickness surface of the furnace cover around an electrode hole in advance, wherein the annular passages are provided with outer connecting pipes extending out of the furnace cover. When in use, cooling air is filled in the passages continuously so as to reduce the temperature of the furnace cover and form a layer of continuous high-viscosity slag protective layer on the working surface of the furnace cover; the temperature reduction prevents the furnace cover from being damaged resulting from heat spalling and structural spalling by great temperature difference when the small furnace cover is removed; besides, the furnace cover made of the same materials has a service life prolonged by above 30 percent than the furnace cover without ventilation cooling passages.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is the improvement to small furnace cover of electric furnace, and it is good to relate in particular to a kind of safety in utilization, and the life-span is long, still can keep long-life small furnace cover of electric furnace and preparation method at hot metal ratio greater than 40% o'clock especially.
Background technology
The metallurgical electric furnace bell has big bell and position, middle triangle district (being commonly called as little bell) to form, and in smelting process, because electric furnace furnace roof hot soak condition, and often is subjected to the influence of temperature shock, and CO, CO in the stove
2, SO
2Deng and chemical erosion, the radiation of electrode arc light and the washing away of flue dust of slag former, add that furnace roof also is subjected to effects such as mechanical oscillation when lifting rotate, especially easily damage.
Especially little bell has also inserted electrode except that above-mentioned, temperature is much higher with respect to other positions; And the existence of electrode hole, also be subject to sweep of gases; In addition; production technology is adjusted to some extent when steel mill; hot metal ratio brings up to 40% when above; silicon, sulphur and carbon can increase substantially in the molten iron; thereby cause scum silica frost thinning; be difficult to form adhesion and protect slag blanket, and decarburization generally all is to carry out oxidizing semlting, the SiO that forms under oxidizing atmosphere under high temperature fused state in the bell bottom surface
2With a spot of SO
2Deng acidic materials, with the damage of aggravation to little bell, and the molten bath takes place can produce boiling when carbon-oxygen reacts, stir the molten bath, play the gas removed in the molten steel and impurity, acceleration slag-metal reaction, evenly effects such as composition, uniform temperature, but molten steel boiling than pure scrap smelting fierceness many, the molten steel splash is much also fierce, and is also just even more serious to the erosion of little bell, thereby the big easier damage of bell of little bell.Particularly to be blended into ratio high more for molten iron, the port lid reduced service life many more, and this can make the port lid reduce more than 50% service life.During the pure steel scrap of for example domestic certain steel mill's 30t electric furnace smelting, be more than 150 times the service life of little bell, be blended into 40% molten iron after, the port lid of same material has only about 80 times service life.So the especially little bell in electric furnace top becomes the weakest position in the whole electric furnace system, and become one of principal element of restriction electric furnace stove labour.
People are by taking cooling measure to bell, to prolong the service life of bell: for example:
The disclosed steel-smelting electric furnace comb of Chinese patent CN2160872, CN2514003 water cooled cover, its big bell adopts the water-cooled calandria structure.Though the water-cooled comb has cooling effect to bell, mainly be to big bell, and port lid centre does not have cooling effect substantially; And little bell is because service condition is more abominable, can not adopt water-cooled calandria structure (leak enter electric furnace can be explosion caused, STEELMAKING PRODUCTION safety is caused great hidden danger), so the water-cooled comb can only be used for big bell, and can not be used for little bell.
The disclosed novel electric furnace lid of Chinese patent CN2416468 is by fix high temperature resistant adiabatic pipe fitting in port lid electrode hole, to reduce the intensification of the little bell of electrode pair.But actual this effect of heat insulation is limited.
Particularly adopt said method; for the high process for making of hot metal ratio, for example hot metal ratio is higher than at 40% o'clock, is difficult to form protective layer at the bell inner face; cause the aggravation damage defective to bell not overcome thus, actual little bell is increased the service life acts on not quite.Therefore still having is worth improved place.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, provides a kind of safety in utilization good, and the life-span is long, still can keep long-life small furnace cover of electric furnace at hot metal ratio greater than 40% o'clock especially.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned small furnace cover of electric furnace.
The present invention's first purpose realizes, the main improvement is to preset air-cooled passage around the electrode hole of prefabricated bell trigonum (little bell), and be communicated with extraneous cooling air, in use by in air-cooled passage, feeding cold air continuously, to accumulate the heat absorption of amassing at small furnace cover of electric furnace (particularly 3 electrode hole around) takes out of, play the cooling of bell, reach effective reduction bell thermic load; The bell internal surface temperature reduces simultaneously, also help the viscosity that increases bell below slag, help forming the attached slag blanket of the continuous high viscosity of one deck, react to suppress slag and little bell at the bell inner working face, reduce the erosion of slag, realize the object of the invention the bell refractory material.Specifically, small furnace cover of electric furnace of the present invention, comprise bell body and the electrode hole of offering, what it is characterized in that having around bell thickness face, the electrode hole reservation is divided into several layers and the different circular passage of radial dimension up and down, and there is the outer connecting pipe that stretches out bell said each circular passage.
Around the said electrode hole of the present invention, go up some circular passages that lower leaf is provided with, mainly be in bell, to form the passage that cools, by feeding continuous refrigerating gas, make the bell cooling.The circular passage shape is not limit, and can be circular, can be the circular passage of other geometries yet, and the channel cross-section shape is not limit yet, and can be circular, can be other geometries yet.The circular passage better is to be to be used to logical structure, but because outer connecting pipe is arranged, also connectivity structure not.Each layer circular passage up and down, the radial dimension difference, mainly be from helping guaranteeing that bell intensity angle considers that each cools off the circular passage and be not unidimensional loop configuration on vertical perspective plane, more help guaranteeing bell intensity (each layer same size neither with) certainly.Each circular passage radial dimension, a kind of radial dimension that is preferably are by the bell big up and small down variation that faces down, and this structure more helps still keeping cooling preferably along with after using electrode hole to enlarge.Arranging that according to bell size and electrode hole the circular passage can be around all electrodes, also can be to be provided with respectively around each electrode hole, and the present invention preferentially adopts the latter, and better cooling-down effect can be arranged.The cooling circular passage, diameter is preferably 10-30mm, and is meticulous influential to cooling effect, excessive then influential to intensity, needs to strengthen bell thickness.
The outer connecting pipe that connects each circular passage mainly makes refrigerating gas be back to back, and according to the cooling velocity requirement, outer connecting pipe on each circular passage can be a pair of, also can be some right, many raisings that the outer connecting pipe ventilation volume greatly more helped cooling rate.Outer connecting leg can cross out in bell, also can obliquely stretch out, a kind of bell that more preferably vertically stretches out.For avoiding impurity such as dust to enter outer connecting pipe, and then stop up air-cooled passage, that the mouth of pipe at least that wherein a kind of more preferably outer connecting pipe exposes the outer part of bell is is crooked (non-vertically).Outer connecting pipe can be located at the bell top in the same way; Also can be that blast pipe is above bell, discharge pipe is (in/out air tube is divided into the bell two sides) below bell, and the cooling air-out is discharged in stove, is equivalent to oxygen supply in stove, wherein be preferably cooling air and in stove, discharge, help offsetting the erosion damage of flue gas bell.
The preparation method of small furnace cover of electric furnace of the present invention, comprise castable refractory cast or pressure forming, when it is characterized in that moulding or before the moulding, the annular that is placed with different-diameter at thickness face differing heights is burnt outer connecting pipe indecorous and that be communicated with, cast or compression moulding then, heat and use the baking or the first time baking, the burning lost article burns mistake and stays passage.
Reserved passageway in the inventive method, prefabricated bell internal channel adopt and burn indecorous moulding occupy-place, burn the mistake back and form passage; Be communicated with for example outer connecting pipe passage outward with bell, can adopt and burn indecorous occupy-place, burn and lose back formation passage, also can adopt the occupy-place of roller bar form entity, extract after the moulding and obtain passage.
Small furnace cover of electric furnace of the present invention, owing to around bell prefabricated component electrode hole, be shaped in advance by the air-cooled passage of the multilayer of thickness layered arrangement, feed the cooling air continuously to passage during use, high heat in the bell is taken out of, reduce the bell temperature thereby reach, and because the cooling of ventilating, even, can not cause potential safety hazard and the danger of water-cooled to steel-making along with using the cooling duct to damage yet.Secondly, the reduction of bell temperature also helps increasing the viscosity of bell below slag, help forming the attached slag blanket of the continuous high viscosity of one deck at the bell inner working face, suppress slag and react with little bell, the reduction slag is to the erosion of bell refractory material, can prolong bell service life equally.Particularly at hot metal ratio greater than 40% o'clock, because of the bell cooling effect, though increasing substantially of silicon, sulphur and carbon can be reduced the scum silica frost viscosity in the molten iron, the temperature that the bell inner face is lower still can form the attached slag blanket of protection.In addition, bell obtains cooling, and bell shifted out with the extraneous temperature difference and dwindles during feasible interruption was smelted, and also alleviates little bell and shifts out the bell damage that causes thermal spalling and structure spalling to cause greatly because of the temperature difference.Besides, good attached slag blanket can also play the effect of heat-insulation and heat-preservation, to the service life that prolongs bell also be favourable.Each layer channel diameter is different to be changed, and the perspective plane ventilating duct is not same diameter, makes that passage is set drops to minimum to the bell intensity effect, can satisfy little bell fully to requirement of strength.Small furnace cover of electric furnace of the present invention can more not established the raising of ventilation cooling duct more than 30% with the material bell service life at least.
Below in conjunction with two specific embodiments; the present invention is further understood in exemplary illustration and help; but the embodiment detail only is for the present invention is described; do not represent the present invention to conceive whole technical schemes down; therefore should not be construed as the technical scheme qualification total to the present invention, some do not depart from the unsubstantiality of the present invention's design and change In the view of the technical staff; for example simple the change or replacement of technical characterictic to have same or similar technique effect all belongs to protection domain of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the small furnace cover of electric furnace first embodiment electrode one a hole vertical profile structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the small furnace cover of electric furnace second embodiment electrode one a hole vertical profile structural representation of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: referring to Fig. 1, small furnace cover of electric furnace of the present invention, in casting mold, form the periphery of electrode hole 3 at last, being placed with several layers (three layers) differing heights and various outer diameter (reducing from the downward external diameter of end face) diameter is that 25mm annular plastics pipe (burns and loses three layers up and down of back formation, the ventilating duct 1 of various outer diameter), and respectively lead to outside vertically to outer connecting pipe (plastic tube, a pair of in the same way or several to), with watering material feeding moulding by casting precast monolithic port lid 2, the baking hardening of heating after the moulding, the plastic tube melted by heat is burnt and is lost simultaneously, make original occupy-place form hollow cooling air passage 1 and intake adit separately, passage stretches out the partly stainless steel tube connector 1.1 for inserting of bell, 1.2 be bent downwardly with 1.3, three outer connecting pipe mouths of pipe, can reduce dust and enter.During use, pass to cooling air by paired outer connection air trunking 1.1,1.2 and 1.3 continuously to each annular passage 1 respectively, bell is lowered the temperature.Along with the use of bell, the bell inner surface damages gradually, and cooling air channel also successively damages, because cooling air channel is provided with at thickness face higher slice, so bell still can access effective cooling, thereby prolonged the service life of little bell greatly.
Embodiment 2: referring to Fig. 2, as embodiment 1, wherein be communicated with the outer connecting pipe of each ventilating duct, be arranged at the inside and outside both sides of bell respectively, wherein inwardly exhaust duct is that multiple spot is discharged (evenly air-out), and by the continuous air feed of the export-oriented ventilating duct of bell, cooling air is discharged in stove by the bell medial surface.
To those skilled in the art; under this patent design and specific embodiment enlightenment; some distortion that can directly derive or associate from this patent disclosure and general knowledge; those of ordinary skills will recognize also can adopt additive method; or the substituting of known technology commonly used in the prior art; and the mutual various combination between feature; the ventilating duct number of plies in the bell for example; the variation of shape etc.; drawing tube connector moves towards to change; port lid change of shape; baking is for the first time burnt to lose and is formed the channel mode difference; or the like unsubstantiality change, can be employed equally, can both realize and basic identical function of the foregoing description and effect; launch for example no longer one by one to describe in detail, all belong to this patent protection domain.
Claims (10)
1, small furnace cover of electric furnace, comprise bell body and the electrode hole of offering, what it is characterized in that having around the bell thickness face, electrode hole reservation is divided into several layers and the different circular passage of radial dimension up and down, and there is the outer connecting pipe that stretches out bell said each circular passage.
2,, it is characterized in that each electrode hole periphery is provided with the circular passage respectively according to the described small furnace cover of electric furnace of claim 1.
3,, it is characterized in that each layer circular passage radial dimension is from the downward big up and small down variation of bell end face up and down according to claim 1 or 2 described small furnace cover of electric furnace.
4,, it is characterized in that outer connecting pipe exposes the outside mouth of pipe that divides of bell and is crooked according to claim 1 or 2 described small furnace cover of electric furnace.
5,, it is characterized in that outer connecting pipe vertically stretches out bell according to claim 1 or 2 described small furnace cover of electric furnace.
6, according to claim 1 or 2 described small furnace cover of electric furnace, it is characterized in that the circular passage outer connecting pipe is divided into the bell two sides, cooling air is discharged in stove.
7,, it is characterized in that air draft is that multiple spot is discharged in stove according to the described small furnace cover of electric furnace of claim 6.
8, according to claim 1 or 2 described small furnace cover of electric furnace, it is characterized in that cooling off annular channel diameter is 10-30mm.
9, ventilation cooling duct small furnace cover of electric furnace preparation method in the band, comprise castable refractory cast or pressure forming, when it is characterized in that moulding or before the moulding, the annular that is placed with different-diameter at thickness face differing heights is burnt outer connecting pipe indecorous and that be communicated with, cast or compression moulding then, heat and use the baking or the first time baking, the burning lost article burns mistake and stays passage.
10,, it is characterized in that burning the indecorous plastic tube that is according to ventilation cooling duct small furnace cover of electric furnace preparation method in the described band of claim 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910031583A CN101539367A (en) | 2009-04-23 | 2009-04-23 | Small furnace cover of electric furnace and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910031583A CN101539367A (en) | 2009-04-23 | 2009-04-23 | Small furnace cover of electric furnace and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101539367A true CN101539367A (en) | 2009-09-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN200910031583A Pending CN101539367A (en) | 2009-04-23 | 2009-04-23 | Small furnace cover of electric furnace and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101839627A (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2010-09-22 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Small cover on center of arc furnace |
| CN101839626A (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2010-09-22 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Small cover on center of arc furnace |
| CN104595922A (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2015-05-06 | 中山市兴和生物能源科技有限公司 | Biomass burner |
| CN108713224A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2018-10-26 | 奥特司科技株式会社 | Display device |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2222004A (en) * | 1939-08-03 | 1940-11-19 | Latrobe Electric Steel Company | Electric furnace roof construction |
| CN1054558A (en) * | 1990-12-07 | 1991-09-18 | 李恩惠 | Forming technology for multi-hole straight gas fireproof products |
| JPH07286782A (en) * | 1994-04-15 | 1995-10-31 | Nippon Steel Corp | Electrode sleeve for arc furnace lid |
| JPH09196567A (en) * | 1996-01-16 | 1997-07-31 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Method for cooling ceiling of electric arc furnace |
| CN1290336A (en) * | 1998-02-11 | 2001-04-04 | 丹尼利机械设备股份公司 | Cooled roof for electric arc furnaces and ladle furnaces |
| WO2006117426A1 (en) * | 2005-04-29 | 2006-11-09 | Outotec Oyj. | Lid for electric arc furnace |
| CN2896178Y (en) * | 2006-03-14 | 2007-05-02 | 刘成龙 | Sprinkling type water-cooling furnace top lid |
| CN201407904Y (en) * | 2009-04-23 | 2010-02-17 | 宜兴市振球炉料有限公司 | Small furnace cover of electric furnace |
-
2009
- 2009-04-23 CN CN200910031583A patent/CN101539367A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2222004A (en) * | 1939-08-03 | 1940-11-19 | Latrobe Electric Steel Company | Electric furnace roof construction |
| CN1054558A (en) * | 1990-12-07 | 1991-09-18 | 李恩惠 | Forming technology for multi-hole straight gas fireproof products |
| JPH07286782A (en) * | 1994-04-15 | 1995-10-31 | Nippon Steel Corp | Electrode sleeve for arc furnace lid |
| JPH09196567A (en) * | 1996-01-16 | 1997-07-31 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Method for cooling ceiling of electric arc furnace |
| CN1290336A (en) * | 1998-02-11 | 2001-04-04 | 丹尼利机械设备股份公司 | Cooled roof for electric arc furnaces and ladle furnaces |
| WO2006117426A1 (en) * | 2005-04-29 | 2006-11-09 | Outotec Oyj. | Lid for electric arc furnace |
| CN2896178Y (en) * | 2006-03-14 | 2007-05-02 | 刘成龙 | Sprinkling type water-cooling furnace top lid |
| CN201407904Y (en) * | 2009-04-23 | 2010-02-17 | 宜兴市振球炉料有限公司 | Small furnace cover of electric furnace |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101839627A (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2010-09-22 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Small cover on center of arc furnace |
| CN101839626A (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2010-09-22 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Small cover on center of arc furnace |
| CN104595922A (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2015-05-06 | 中山市兴和生物能源科技有限公司 | Biomass burner |
| CN108713224A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2018-10-26 | 奥特司科技株式会社 | Display device |
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Application publication date: 20090923 |