CN101537583B - Automatic anti-backlash worm wheel dividing mechanism - Google Patents
Automatic anti-backlash worm wheel dividing mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN101537583B CN101537583B CN2009101166709A CN200910116670A CN101537583B CN 101537583 B CN101537583 B CN 101537583B CN 2009101166709 A CN2009101166709 A CN 2009101166709A CN 200910116670 A CN200910116670 A CN 200910116670A CN 101537583 B CN101537583 B CN 101537583B
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Abstract
The invention provides an automatic anti-backlash worm wheel dividing mechanism. A worm wheel and a worm mutually meshed are arranged in a case. A servo motor is connected with the worm through a coupling. The mechanism is characterized in that an anti-backlash mechanism is arranged in the case; the movable part of the anti-backlash mechanism has a pressurizing contact capable of extending out to contact a pressure bearing surface of the worm and exerting pressure on the worm; and the direction of pressure is perpendicular to or inclined to the axis of the worm, points at the worm and passes through the central plane of the worm wheel. The dividing mechanism can effectively eliminate the non-uniqueness of the output angle of existing worm wheel dividing mechanisms, greatly increase the non-uniqueness and is beneficial to decreasing the manufacturing difficulty of a precision worm wheel dividing mechanism.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of precision indexing mechanism, especially a kind of by worm couple, the high-speed servo motor rotating speed is reduced significantly, and moment of torsion increases significantly, thereby realize the mechanical device of precision indexing.
Background technology
Existing precision indexing mechanism comprises that worm and gear indexing mechanism, prestrain diclinic gear compound graduation mechanism, low-speed and large-torque servomotor directly drive indexing mechanism, and end-toothed disc scale division mechanism etc.Both compare with the back, and the worm and gear indexing mechanism has simple in structure, can self-locking and can bear the advantage that cutting force impacts, the third party compares with the back, the worm and gear indexing mechanism have can arbitrarily angled calibration advantage.And that the shortcoming of worm and gear indexing mechanism is an indexing accuracy is lower.
Existing worm and gear indexing mechanism generally adopts the high accuracy worm couple and can adjust the mechanism in worm and gear gap, the high accuracy worm couple is very expensive, and worm couple is desirable in operation, must guarantee has reasonable clearance between the worm and gear, and the high accuracy worm gear still has certain pitch circle to beat, the high accuracy worm screw also exists certain pitch circle to beat, for guaranteeing when both jerk values all reach maximum, to still have between the worm and gear certain minimum clearance, when both jerk values all reach minimum of a value, gap between the worm and gear is just more considerable, the existence in this gap, cause for certain worm screw angle input, the angle of worm gear output is not a unique value.The angle of the actual output of worm gear will change in the determined scope in above-mentioned gap, and it will be subjected to the suffered friction of worm gear and change apart from the influence of laying particular stress on (when the non-level of worm gear axis) of the speed fluctuation of the inertia of, the workbench that links to each other with worm gear and workpiece, operation and workpiece.In addition, the end play of worm bearing and radial clearance, the radial clearance of Worm Bearing also will further strengthen the mobility scale of worm gear output angle.So promptly use the indexing mechanism of expensive high accuracy worm couple manufacturing still to be difficult to reach precision more than 10 seconds.
It is existing multiple to be used for the accurate mechanism that adjusts the worm and gear gap, but all can only turn down but can not eliminate the gap.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to avoid the weak point of the existence of above-mentioned prior art, a kind of automatic anti-backlash worm wheel dividing mechanism is provided, thereby guarantee the uniqueness of worm gear output angle, improve the repeatable accuracy of worm and gear indexing mechanism with respect to worm screw input angle.
Technical solution problem of the present invention adopts following technical scheme.
Automatic anti-backlash worm wheel dividing mechanism of the present invention, intermeshing worm gear and worm screw are set in casing, servomotor is connected with worm screw by shaft joint, it is characterized in that in casing, being provided with anti-backlash mechanism, the moving part of described anti-backlash mechanism has can stretch out with the worm screw pressure-bearing surface of described worm screw and contacts, and the pressurization contact that worm screw is exerted pressure, the direction of pressure perpendicular to or favour worm screw axis, point to worm gear and the central plane by worm gear.
The design feature of automatic anti-backlash worm wheel dividing mechanism of the present invention also is:
Described anti-backlash mechanism is set to oil cylinder or cylinder, and the rod end with telescopic piston rod in described oil cylinder or the cylinder under the calibration positioning states is the pressurization contact.
It is the mechanical booster mechanism of actuator that described anti-backlash mechanism is set to cylinder or motor, and with described cylinder or motor-driven mechanical booster mechanism, described pressurization contact is arranged on the reinforcement position of described mechanical booster mechanism under the calibration positioning states;
Described anti-backlash mechanism is set to a disk spring and is used to compress the boosting mechanism of described disk spring; The interlock of afterburning push rod and described disk spring is set, and described pressurization contact is positioned at the rod end of afterburning push rod; With described boosting mechanism compression disk spring, the disengaging of pressurization contact contacts with worm screw under the calibration turn state; Described disk spring release pressure under the calibration positioning states, and by afterburning push rod make the pressurization contact be butted on the worm screw pressure-bearing surface; Described boosting mechanism is hydraulic mechanism, pneumatic mechanism, pneumatic mechanism and mechanical booster mechanism, motor and mechanical booster mechanism, or is electromagnetic mechanism.
Described worm screw pressure-bearing surface is and the worm screw end face of the axis normal of worm screw or the taper seat coaxial with worm screw.
The present invention is by installing an anti-backlash mechanism in worm and gear indexing mechanism casing, the withdrawal when worm gear revolution operation of the moving part of anti-backlash mechanism does not contact worm screw, make and keep reasonable clearance between the worm and gear to guarantee normal operation, and after servomotor is finished the calibration revolution, the moving part that disappears in the machinery of crack stretches out with worm screw and contacts, and to worm screw to worm gear direction applied thrust, worm screw is subjected to displacement to the worm gear direction, this displacement is by the disappearance of worm bearing radial clearance, and the disappearance of Worm Bearing radial clearance and worm screw and the micro-strain that worm bearing produced are synthesized.The result of displacement tightly is pressed on the worm gear flank of tooth worm tooth-surface, thereby has eliminated the gap between the worm and gear, and has eliminated worm bearing radial clearance and Worm Bearing radial clearance, has improved the uniqueness of worm gear sub-degree angle greatly, i.e. repeatable accuracy.
If increase an anti-backlash mechanism again, after high-speed servo motor is finished the calibration revolution, to applied thrust, worm bearing end play is disappeared to worm shaft, can further improve the repeatable accuracy of worm gear calibration orientation angle.
For such two anti-backlash mechanisms, replaced with the coaxial taper seat of worm screw, consider manufacturability, anti-backlash mechanism can be installed with the coaxial installation of worm screw or to worm screw is vertical, the moving part of anti-backlash mechanism and the contact-making surface of worm screw are the taper seats coaxial with worm screw, the contact pressure vertical to the taper seat bus will produce radial component and axial thrust load, radial component makes worm screw be subjected to displacement to the worm gear direction, eliminated the gap between the worm and gear, and eliminated worm bearing radial clearance and Worm Bearing radial clearance, axial thrust load disappears worm bearing end play.
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
1, the present invention has eliminated the not uniqueness of worm wheel dividing mechanism output angle, greatly improved repeatable accuracy, make and the error of division that causes because of the worm and gear foozle is carried out software compensation become feasiblely, the overall precision behind the software compensation will directly drive indexing mechanism, and end-toothed disc scale division mechanism precision near prestrain diclinic gear compound graduation mechanism, low-speed and large-torque servomotor.
2, the present invention directly drives indexing mechanism and compares with diclinic gear compound graduation mechanism, servomotor, has can be in operation self-locking and can bear the advantage that big cutting force impacts.
3, the present invention compares with end-toothed disc scale division mechanism, have can arbitrarily angled calibration advantage.
4, the present invention can reduce the worm and gear accuracy of manufacture grade of precision indexing mechanism, reduces manufacturing cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cutaway view of the present invention along the worm gear central plane;
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of another embodiment of the present invention along the worm gear central plane;
Fig. 3 is the cutaway view of the another embodiment of the present invention along the worm gear central plane;
Fig. 4 for the present invention again an embodiment along the cutaway view of worm gear central plane.
Number in the figure: 1 casing, 2 worm gears, 3 worm screws, 4 worm screw pressure-bearing surfaces, 5 worm shaft bearings, 6 shaft joints, 7 servomotors or stepper motor, 8 cylinder bodies, 8a cylinder cap, 9 pistons, 9a bellmouth, 10 pressurization contacts, 11 boosting levers, 11a bulb, 12 back-moving springs, 13 lever shafts, 14 lever supports, 15 disk springs, 16 electromagnet, 17 armature, 18 screw rods, 19 band key adjustable plates, 20 are safeguarded and are used nut.
Below by the specific embodiment, the invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Referring to Fig. 1, in the present embodiment, intermeshing worm gear 2 and worm screw 3 are set in casing 1, servomotor 7 is connected with worm screw 3 by shaft joint 6.
In the present embodiment, anti-backlash mechanism adopts hydraulic mechanism, is made of the piston 9 that has piston rod and cylinder body and cylinder cap 8a, and the axis and the worm axis of piston 9 are installed mutual vertically.During the indexing mechanism circular index, the oil cylinder A chamber oil-feed in the hydraulic mechanism, the oil return of B chamber, piston 9 withdrawals, 10 disengagings of pressurization contact contact with worm screw pressure-bearing surface 4; When needing to locate after the revolution, pressure oil is advanced, the oil return of A chamber in the oil cylinder B chamber in the hydraulic mechanism, piston 9 is upwards released, and pressurization contact 10 contacts with the cylindrical of worm screw pressure-bearing surface 4, pushes worm screw 3 to worm gear 2, worm screw 3 is pressed on the flank of tooth of worm gear 2, has eliminated the gap between worm and gear.
In the present embodiment, the contact pressure that is applied by pressurization contact 10 is and the axis normal of worm screw 3 that worm bearing adopts and can accurately adjust end play and give the rolling bearing that adds certain load, influences indexing accuracy to avoid the worm shaft end play.
In concrete the enforcement, what be made of piston 9 and cylinder body 8 also can be cylinder, adopts pneumatic mode.
Embodiment 2:
Referring to Fig. 2, present embodiment is that intermeshing worm gear 2 and worm screw 3 are set in casing 1 equally, and servomotor 7 is connected with worm screw 3 by shaft joint 6.
In the present embodiment, anti-backlash mechanism is oil cylinder or cylinder, constitutes oil cylinder or cylinder by piston 9 and cylinder body 8.Piston 9 is installed coaxially with worm screw 3, and this version can be simplified the processing technology of housing;
In the present embodiment, the end face of pressurization contact 10 is the inclined plane, and worm screw pressure-bearing surface 4 is in the coaxial taper seat of worm screw, and the inclined plane on the pressurization contact 10 is parallel with the taper seat bus of worm screw pressure-bearing surface 4.
When circular index, the oil cylinder A chamber oil-feed of anti-backlash mechanism, the oil return of B chamber, piston 9 withdrawals, pressurization contact 10 does not contact with the taper seat of worm screw pressure-bearing surface 4; After revolution is finished, oil cylinder B chamber oil-feed, the oil return of A chamber, piston 9 is released to the right, and pressurization contact 10 is contacted with the taper seat of worm screw pressure-bearing surface 4, promotes worm screw 3 with an oblique pressure.The axial thrust load of this oblique pressure is used to eliminate the end play of worm screw 3, and radial component is used to make the direction distortion of worm screw 3 to worm gear 2, and is pressed on the flank of tooth of worm screw 3, thereby eliminates the gap between worm and gear.
In the present embodiment, anti-backlash mechanism helps environmental protection, and can save hydraulic power unit as adopting cylinder, reduce cost, but size is bigger.
Embodiment 3:
Referring to Fig. 3, present embodiment is that intermeshing worm gear 2 and worm screw 3 are set in casing 1 equally, and servomotor 7 is connected with worm screw 3 by shaft joint 6.
Anti-backlash mechanism in the present embodiment is to constitute with cylinder and mechanical booster mechanism, installs coaxially with worm screw, and the movable pressurization contact 10 that is arranged in the mechanical booster mechanism can contact with the taper seat of worm screw pressure-bearing surface 4.
Shown in Figure 3, the right-hand member push rod of piston 9 has a bellmouth 9a, and boosting lever 11 usefulness lever shafts 13 and lever support 14 are installed in the casing 1, and the effect of back-moving spring 12 makes the pressurization contact 10 on boosting lever 11 rod ends leave worm screw pressure-bearing surface 4.When the air inlet of A chamber, during the return-air of B chamber, piston 9 moves to left, boosting lever 11 can be swung clockwise, so pressurization contact 10 leaves a pot bar pressure-bearing surface 4 under back-moving spring 12 effects, have certain reasonable clearance between worm screw 3 and the worm gear 2 this moment, and worm screw 3 can quick rotation be realized the calibration revolution; When the air inlet of B chamber, during A chamber return-air, piston 9 moves to right, the bellmouth 9a of piston push rod promotes the bulb 11a of boosting lever 11 left ends, make boosting lever 11 counter-clockwise swings, make pressurization contact 10 contact and press on the worm screw pressure-bearing surface 4 of worm screw 3, the axial thrust load of this pressure disappears the worm shaft end play, radial component makes worm screw 3 to the direction top offset of worm gear 2 and be pressed on the flank of tooth of worm gear 2, eliminates the gap between worm and gear.
In the present embodiment, adopt the small size cylinder to help simplifying the internal structure of an organization and environmental protection, and mechanical booster mechanism guarantee that worm screw is had the enough crack pressure that disappears, in addition, disappear even air pressure is unexpected, anti-backlash mechanism will still keep impaction state, and can not influence positioning accuracy, have security preferably.
Embodiment 4:
Referring to Fig. 4, present embodiment is that intermeshing worm gear 2 and worm screw 3 are set in casing 1 equally, and servomotor 7 is connected with worm screw 3 by shaft joint 6.
Anti-backlash mechanism in the present embodiment is disk spring and electromagnetic drive mechanism, and the movable pressurization contact 10 that is promoted by disk spring 15 can contact with the taper seat of worm screw pressure-bearing surface 4.Adopt electromagnetic drive mechanism to be because pressurization contact 10 never contacts worm screw to needing mobile distance very little between being pressed on the worm screw pressure-bearing surface 4, be approximately 0.15-0.3mm, this situation helps bringing into play the advantage of electromagnet, promptly can produce bigger suction when electromagnet and armature close together.
When electromagnet 16 no powers, disk spring 15 reaches the pressurization contact 10 that links with armature 17 to armature 17 and pushes away to the right, pressurization contact 10 is pressed on the worm screw pressure-bearing surface 4, the axial thrust load of being exerted pressure has been eliminated the end play of worm screw 3, radial component is pressed on worm screw on the flank of tooth of worm gear, eliminates the gap between worm and gear.
When worm gear need turn round, electromagnet 16 energisings, armature 17 is by electromagnet 16 adhesives, and compression disk spring 15, and pressurization contact 10 is pulled to the left side simultaneously, and disengaging contacts with worm screw pressure-bearing surface 4, recovers reasonable clearance between worm and wormwheel.
Screw rod 18 and spline plate 19 be used to regulate 10 pairs of worm screws of contact pressure and with worm screw pressure-bearing surface 4 between the gap, nut 20 is used for eliminating the pressure of the 10 pairs of worm screws 3 of contact of pressurizeing when no power is safeguarded.
In the present embodiment, 16 energisings when worm gear need turn round of electromagnet, the short caloric value that has reduced electromagnet conduction time helps guaranteeing precision.
Present embodiment can adopt hard tooth surface worm-gear, to reduce service wear, guarantees can keep overall precision for a long time after proofreading and correct the error of division with software.
Claims (5)
1. automatic anti-backlash worm wheel dividing mechanism, intermeshing worm gear (2) and worm screw (3) are set in casing (1), servomotor (7) is connected with worm screw (3) by shaft joint (6), it is characterized in that in described casing (1), anti-backlash mechanism being set, the moving part of described anti-backlash mechanism has can stretch out with the worm screw pressure-bearing surface (4) of described worm screw (3) and contacts, and the pressurization contact (10) that worm screw (3) is exerted pressure, the direction of pressure perpendicular to or favour worm screw (3) axis, point to worm gear (2) and the central plane by worm gear (2);
The withdrawal when worm gear revolution operation of the moving part of described anti-backlash mechanism does not contact worm screw, makes to keep reasonable clearance to guarantee normal operation between the worm and gear; After servomotor is finished the calibration revolution, moving part stretches out with worm screw and contacts in the anti-backlash mechanism, and to worm screw to worm gear direction applied thrust, worm screw is subjected to displacement to the worm gear direction, this displacement is by the disappearance of worm bearing radial clearance, and the disappearance of Worm Bearing radial clearance and worm screw and the micro-strain that worm bearing produced are synthesized; The result of displacement tightly is pressed on the worm gear flank of tooth worm tooth-surface, thereby eliminates the gap between the worm and gear, and eliminates worm bearing radial clearance and Worm Bearing radial clearance.
2. automatic anti-backlash worm wheel dividing mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that described anti-backlash mechanism is set to oil cylinder or cylinder, and the rod end with telescopic piston rod in described oil cylinder or the cylinder under the calibration positioning states is a pressurization contact (10).
3. automatic anti-backlash worm wheel dividing mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that it is the mechanical booster mechanism of actuator that described anti-backlash mechanism is set to cylinder or motor, with described cylinder or motor-driven mechanical booster mechanism, described pressurization contact (10) is arranged on the reinforcement position of described mechanical booster mechanism under the calibration positioning states.
4. automatic anti-backlash worm wheel dividing mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that described anti-backlash mechanism is set to a disk spring (15) and is used to compress the boosting mechanism of described disk spring (15); The interlock of afterburning push rod and described disk spring (15) is set, and described pressurization contact (10) is positioned at the rod end of afterburning push rod; With described boosting mechanism compression disk spring (15), pressurization contact (10) disengaging contacts with worm screw (3) under the calibration turn state; Described disk spring (15) release pressure under the calibration positioning states, and by afterburning push rod make the pressurization contact (10) be butted on worm screw pressure-bearing surface (4); Described boosting mechanism is hydraulic mechanism, pneumatic mechanism, pneumatic mechanism and mechanical booster mechanism, motor and mechanical booster mechanism, or is electromagnetic mechanism.
5. automatic anti-backlash worm wheel dividing mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that described worm screw pressure-bearing surface (4) is the taper seat or the face of cylinder with the axis coaxle of worm screw (3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101166709A CN101537583B (en) | 2009-04-30 | 2009-04-30 | Automatic anti-backlash worm wheel dividing mechanism |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101166709A CN101537583B (en) | 2009-04-30 | 2009-04-30 | Automatic anti-backlash worm wheel dividing mechanism |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101537583A CN101537583A (en) | 2009-09-23 |
| CN101537583B true CN101537583B (en) | 2011-07-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101166709A Expired - Fee Related CN101537583B (en) | 2009-04-30 | 2009-04-30 | Automatic anti-backlash worm wheel dividing mechanism |
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| CN (1) | CN101537583B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102689440B (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2014-07-02 | 西北工业大学 | Device for indexing and resetting paper-based friction plate during attaching |
| CN104763802A (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2015-07-08 | 宜昌长机科技有限责任公司 | Dual-worm pair clearance eliminating device for realizing self-adaptive adjustment of clearance eliminating damp |
| CN108673912B (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2020-04-14 | 保定标正机床有限责任公司 | A slewer for automatic fiber placement equipment |
| CN113070736A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-07-06 | 宁波玉意机械设备有限公司 | Four-axis dividing head |
| CN113708558B (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2022-07-19 | 深圳市雅康诚科技发展有限公司 | Turntable driving apparatus |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6016716A (en) * | 1996-06-18 | 2000-01-25 | Mauro; George | Anti-backlash mechanism for a rotary stage |
| CN2527787Y (en) * | 2002-01-17 | 2002-12-25 | 达方电子股份有限公司 | Device for precision regulating backlash of worm and worm-gear |
| CN201079874Y (en) * | 2007-08-30 | 2008-07-02 | 陈立新 | Mounting structure for gear hobbing machine indexing worm |
-
2009
- 2009-04-30 CN CN2009101166709A patent/CN101537583B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6016716A (en) * | 1996-06-18 | 2000-01-25 | Mauro; George | Anti-backlash mechanism for a rotary stage |
| CN2527787Y (en) * | 2002-01-17 | 2002-12-25 | 达方电子股份有限公司 | Device for precision regulating backlash of worm and worm-gear |
| CN201079874Y (en) * | 2007-08-30 | 2008-07-02 | 陈立新 | Mounting structure for gear hobbing machine indexing worm |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN101537583A (en) | 2009-09-23 |
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Assignee: Liy Numerally Controlled Equipment Manufacture Co Ltd, Hefei Assignor: Shao Wenyuan Contract record no.: 2011340000433 Denomination of invention: Automatic anti-backlash worm wheel dividing mechanism Granted publication date: 20110727 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20090923 Record date: 20111117 |
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Granted publication date: 20110727 Termination date: 20170430 |