CN101520735A - Method for starting guidance program in flash memory, network television and set-top box thereof - Google Patents
Method for starting guidance program in flash memory, network television and set-top box thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for starting a guidance program in a flash memory, a network television and a set-top box thereof. The method comprises the following steps: when the guidance code is stored in the flash memory, starting the guidance program in the flash memory; judging whether the current start is the first start through a data mark of a 0th block of the flash memory, if the current start is the first start, scanning and recording the information of a bad block of the flash memory, and modifying the data mark of the 0th block when reading and writing data; otherwise, reading the data of the 0th block according to the recorded information of the bad block of the flash memory, and acquiring the information of a subarea of the flash memory. Because the technical measures of back upping the guidance code of the first stage and recording the information of the bad block during the first starting are adopted, the reliability of guiding the start of a load program in the NAND flash memory is improved, the accurate guidance of a system is ensured, and the failure rate of starting the system is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the system start-up technology and the apparatus field thereof of Digital Television and set-top box, in particular, what relate to is a kind of the start method of guiding loader in the flash memory and improvement of Web TV and set-top box thereof.
Background technology
Requirement according to NAND FLASH technical standard, NAND FLASH allows 5% bad piece when it dispatches from the factory, so-called NAND FLASH also is called and non-flash memory, perhaps nand flash memory, so, when the nand flash memory of bad piece was used for the storage system program as storage medium, the reliability of its storage data was just abnormally dangerous.How to improve the reliability of bootloader guiding loader in the nand flash memory, can correctly guide, more and more receive much concern to guarantee operating system.
In the existing technology, as application number is the Chinese patent of 02125341.2 " a kind of method of making system storage with non-flash memory that adopts ", just adopted the special-purpose Flash management function that in bootstrap routine, is provided with, marking the bad piece that nand flash memory is damaged in erasable process, thereby avoid when erasable, writing bad piece and the discontinuous phenomenon of read/write address occurring at operating system code.But, for the bootstrap routine of storing in the nand flash memory is bootloader guiding loader, if in a single day bootstrap routine is stored on the bad piece with non-flash memory, special-purpose Flash management function wherein just can not move, and obviously also just can't guidance system be written into operating system.
Therefore, prior art still haves much room for improvement and develops.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is, be to provide a kind of method and Web TV and set-top box that starts boot in the flash memory, the reliability that the guiding loader starts in the nand flash memory can be improved, the mortality that the reduction system can't start can be correctly guided to guarantee system.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of method that starts boot in the flash memory may further comprise the steps:
A, guidance code is left in the flash memory, start the boot in the described flash memory;
B, judge that by the Data Labels of the 0th piece of described flash memory whether current startup is to start for the first time, is then to change step C over to, otherwise changes step D over to;
C, scanning are also write down described flash memory bad block information, and revise the Data Labels of described the 0th piece when reading and writing data;
D, read the data of described the 0th piece, obtain described flash partition information according to the described flash memory bad block information of record.
Described method, wherein, described steps A specifically comprises:
A1, after described the 0th piece, deposit the phase one code of described boot in a plurality of continuous pieces, and all deposit a identical phase one guidance code in each piece;
A2, in the follow-up good piece of described flash memory, deposit the subordinate phase code of described boot;
A3, preface starts described phase one code successively, and searches described subordinate phase code automatically.
Described method, wherein, described step C specifically comprises:
C1, scan described flash memory, the positional information of its bad piece is recorded in the data of described the 0th piece;
The preservation position of C2, computing environment variable, the environmental variance of reading system acquiescence;
C3, preserve described flash partition information, start the picture positional information, the write verification sign is write application program;
The sign that C4, modification start is for the first time preserved the position of data to the 0th piece of described flash memory.
Described method, wherein, described step D specifically comprises:
D1, from the described flash memory bad block information of record, calculate the enable position of environmental variance, read environmental variance, read the data of described the 0th piece when taking out described flash partition information to system;
D2, judge whether last bit data is appointment codes in described the 0th piece, is then to change step D3 over to, otherwise changes step D4 over to;
D3, be that then system directly obtains partition information and starts the picture positional information from the 0th subregion of described flash memory;
D4 otherwise directly from environmental variance, obtain described flash partition information, and begin to calculate the side-play amount and the size of this partition information.
A kind of Web TV that starts boot in the flash memory, comprise a flash chip, deposited guidance code in the described flash chip, the boot that is used for start-up system, wherein, described Web TV comprises that also one starts judge module, is used for judging by the Data Labels of the 0th piece of described flash chip whether current startup is to start for the first time; Be then to scan and write down described bad block message of flash chip, and revise the Data Labels of described the 0th piece when reading and writing data; Otherwise the described bad block message of flash chip according to record reads the data of described the 0th piece, obtains described flash chip partition information.
Described Web TV, wherein, guidance code in the described flash chip comprises the phase one guidance code and the subordinate phase guidance code of described boot, after described the 0th piece, deposit described phase one code in a plurality of continuous pieces, and all deposit a identical phase one guidance code in each piece; In the follow-up good piece of described flash chip, deposit described subordinate phase code.
Described Web TV, wherein, described Web TV also comprises a code judge module, is used to judge whether last bit data is appointment codes in described the 0th piece; Be that then system directly obtains partition information and starts the picture positional information from the 0th subregion of described flash chip; Otherwise directly from environmental variance, obtain described flash chip partition information, and begin to calculate the side-play amount and the size of this partition information.
A kind of set-top box that starts boot in the flash memory, comprise a flash chip, deposited guidance code in the described flash chip, the boot that is used for start-up system, wherein, described set-top box comprises that also one starts judge module, is used for judging by the Data Labels of the 0th piece of described flash chip whether current startup is to start for the first time; Be then to scan and write down described bad block message of flash chip, and revise the Data Labels of described the 0th piece when reading and writing data; Otherwise the described bad block message of flash chip according to record reads the data of described the 0th piece, obtains described flash chip partition information.
Described set-top box, wherein, guidance code in the described flash chip comprises the phase one guidance code and the subordinate phase guidance code of described boot, after described the 0th piece, deposit described phase one code in a plurality of continuous pieces, and all deposit a identical phase one guidance code in each piece; In the follow-up good piece of described flash chip, deposit described subordinate phase code.
Described set-top box, wherein, described set-top box also comprises a code judge module, is used to judge whether last bit data is appointment codes in described the 0th piece; Be that then system directly obtains partition information and starts the picture positional information from the 0th subregion of described flash chip; Otherwise directly from environmental variance, obtain described flash chip partition information, and begin to calculate the side-play amount and the size of this partition information.
A kind of method and Web TV and set-top box that starts boot in the flash memory provided by the present invention, owing to adopted backup phase one guidance code, and the technological means that when starting for the first time, writes down bad block message, improved the reliability that the guiding loader starts in the nand flash memory, guaranteed the guiding that system is correct, the mortality that the system of greatly reducing can't start.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 starts the schematic flow sheet of boot method in the NAND Flash for the present invention.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is started the method for boot in the flash memory and the embodiment and the embodiment of Web TV and set-top box described in detail.
A kind of method and Web TV and set-top box that starts boot in the flash memory of the present invention, main core point is to have adopted backup phase one guidance code, and the technological means that when starting for the first time, writes down bad block message, be well known to those skilled in the art as for technology such as NAND Flash, piece, bootloader, guidance code, Web TV and IPTV set-top box, do not repeat them here.
A kind of method that starts boot in the flash memory of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, guidance code is left in the flash memory, start the boot in the described flash memory.Specifically comprise: after the 0th piece of described flash memory, deposit the phase one code of described boot in a plurality of continuous pieces, and all deposit a identical phase one guidance code in each piece; In the follow-up good piece of described flash memory, deposit the subordinate phase code of described boot; And preface starts described phase one code successively, and searches described subordinate phase code automatically.
Step 2, judge that by the Data Labels of the 0th piece of described flash memory whether current startup is to start for the first time, is then to change step 3 over to, otherwise changes step 4 over to.
Step 3, scanning are also write down described flash memory bad block information, and revise the Data Labels of described the 0th piece when reading and writing data.Specifically comprise: scan described flash memory, the positional information of its bad piece is recorded in the data of described the 0th piece; The preservation position of computing environment variable, the environmental variance of reading system acquiescence; Preserve described flash partition information, start the picture positional information, the write verification sign is write application program; And revise the sign that starts for the first time, preserve the position of data to the 0th piece of described flash memory.
Step 4, read the data of described the 0th piece, obtain described flash partition information according to the described flash memory bad block information of record.Specifically comprise: from the described flash memory bad block information of record, calculate the enable position of environmental variance, read environmental variance, read the data of described the 0th piece when taking out described flash partition information to system; Judge whether last bit data is appointment codes in described the 0th piece, be that then system directly obtains partition information and starts the picture positional information from the 0th subregion of described flash memory, otherwise directly from environmental variance, obtain described flash partition information, and begin to calculate the side-play amount and the size of this partition information.
With TI davinci 6443 in certain IPTV set-top box is example, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, describes the embodiment that starts boot in the nand flash memory in detail, and idiographic flow as shown in Figure 1.
Step S100, start u-boot, the first step of startup is the data of reading in the 0th piece, is bad piece not all the time because the manufacturer of nand flash memory guarantees the 0th piece;
Step S101, after reading of data, judge whether preceding 4 integers are 0x01234567,0x89abcdef, 0x1c8b9a01,0x98ab0022 is that then illustrative system has been finished primary startup, changes step S112 over to; Otherwise be to start for the first time, change step S122 over to;
Step S112, scan bad piece, carry out the record of bad piece, the 5th integer is the number of bad piece, the 6th integer to 4
*What write down in 1024 place all is the positional information of bad piece;
Step S113, the environmental variance preservation position of calculating u-boot; Simultaneously learn that for the ease of follow-up code system starts for the first time, last position that can read data is set to 1, also 2047 of read data can be set to 0x12 at last;
Step S114, the default contexts variable of system taken out carry out the processing of back;
Step S115, preservation mtd partition information;
Step S116, startup picture positional information;
Step S117, write verification sign are write applied environment information;
Step S118, revise the 1st time the 0x34 that is masked as, preserve 0 piece of data to the, directly change step S130 over to;
Step S122, read the recorded information of bad piece;
Step S123, from the recorded information of bad piece, calculate the enable position of environmental variance;
Step S124, read environmental variance to system;
Step S125, from the environmental variance of system, take out the mtd partition information, read the data of the 0th piece simultaneously;
Step S126, judge described the 0th blocks of data last the position whether be 2;
Step S127, be that then system directly obtains mtdpart information and starts the picture positional information from the 0th subregion;
Step S128 otherwise directly with the mtdpart information in the environmental variance with start the picture positional information;
Step S129, begin to calculate the side-play amount and the size of partition information, be used for after starting LINUX, offering when the mtd device drives is made the parameter of FLASH subregion and use;
Step S130, the formal kernel that starts of beginning start linux operating system simultaneously.
Need to prove that before starting boot, on the 1st to the 5th the position, deposit the guidance code ubl of 5 parts of identical phase one in nand flash memory, its byte count sizes size is less than the byte number of each piece 16K.Revise the ubl program simultaneously, from the 6th BOB(beginning of block), look for the guidance code u-boot.bin in the 2nd stage, each u-boot.bin byte number accounts for 256k, totally 16 pieces.The code of supposing u-boot.Bin has run into bad piece when depositing, then data good piece is sternward deposited; Ubl searches for automatically then, finds a complete u-boot.Bin, and is unsuccessful if it starts first u-boot, then starts the u-boot of back, altogether 4 u-boot.If it is unsuccessful that system all starts, then halt system starts.
And a kind of Web TV or set-top box that starts boot in the flash memory of the present invention, comprise a flash chip, deposited guidance code in the described flash chip, the boot that is used for start-up system, in addition, described Web TV or set-top box comprise that also one starts judge module, are used for judging by the Data Labels of the 0th piece of described flash chip whether current startup is to start for the first time; Be then to scan and write down described bad block message of flash chip, and revise the Data Labels of described the 0th piece when reading and writing data; Otherwise the described bad block message of flash chip according to record reads the data of described the 0th piece, obtains described flash chip partition information.
Further, be arranged in the guidance code of the flash chip of described Web TV or set-top box, the phase one guidance code and the subordinate phase guidance code that comprise described boot, after described the 0th piece, deposit described phase one code in a plurality of continuous pieces, and all deposit a identical phase one guidance code in each piece; In the follow-up good piece of described flash chip, deposit described subordinate phase code.
Further, described Web TV or set-top box also comprise a code judge module, are used to judge whether last bit data is appointment codes in described the 0th piece; Be that then system directly obtains partition information and starts the picture positional information from the 0th subregion of described flash chip; Otherwise directly from environmental variance, obtain described flash chip partition information, and begin to calculate the side-play amount and the size of this partition information.
Backup phase one guidance code in the above preferred embodiment, and the technology that writes down bad block message when starting for the first time can adopt existing various possible schemes according to practical application, is well known to those skilled in the art, and also repeats no more at this.
Described a kind of method and Web TV and the set-top box that starts boot in the flash memory of the specific embodiment of the present invention, owing to adopted backup phase one guidance code, and the technological means that when starting for the first time, writes down bad block message, improved the reliability that the guiding loader starts in the nand flash memory, guaranteed the guiding that system is correct, the mortality that the system of greatly reducing can't start.
Should be understood that; for those of ordinary skills; can be improved according to the above description or conversion; the umber that for example backs up guidance code changes; the flag code that conversion starts for the first time etc., and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of method that starts boot in the flash memory may further comprise the steps:
A, guidance code is left in the flash memory, start the boot in the described flash memory;
B, judge that by the Data Labels of the 0th piece of described flash memory whether current startup is to start for the first time, is then to change step C over to, otherwise changes step D over to;
C, scanning are also write down described flash memory bad block information, and revise the Data Labels of described the 0th piece when reading and writing data;
D, read the data of described the 0th piece, obtain described flash partition information according to the described flash memory bad block information of record.
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described steps A specifically comprises:
A1, after described the 0th piece, deposit the phase one code of described boot in a plurality of continuous pieces, and all deposit a identical phase one guidance code in each piece;
A2, in the follow-up good piece of described flash memory, deposit the subordinate phase code of described boot;
A3, preface starts described phase one code successively, and searches described subordinate phase code automatically.
According to the described method of claim, it is characterized in that 3, described step C specifically comprises:
C1, scan described flash memory, the positional information of its bad piece is recorded in the data of described the 0th piece;
The preservation position of C2, computing environment variable, the environmental variance of reading system acquiescence;
C3, preserve described flash partition information, start the picture positional information, the write verification sign is write application program;
The sign that C4, modification start is for the first time preserved the position of data to the 0th piece of described flash memory.
4, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described step D specifically comprises:
D1, from the described flash memory bad block information of record, calculate the enable position of environmental variance, read environmental variance, read the data of described the 0th piece when taking out described flash partition information to system;
D2, judge whether last bit data is appointment codes in described the 0th piece, is then to change step D3 over to, otherwise changes step D4 over to;
D3, be that then system directly obtains partition information and starts the picture positional information from the 0th subregion of described flash memory;
D4 otherwise directly from environmental variance, obtain described flash partition information, and begin to calculate the side-play amount and the size of this partition information.
5, a kind of Web TV that starts boot in the flash memory, comprise a flash chip, deposited guidance code in the described flash chip, the boot that is used for start-up system, it is characterized in that, described Web TV comprises that also one starts judge module, is used for judging by the Data Labels of the 0th piece of described flash chip whether current startup is to start for the first time; Be then to scan and write down described bad block message of flash chip, and revise the Data Labels of described the 0th piece when reading and writing data; Otherwise the described bad block message of flash chip according to record reads the data of described the 0th piece, obtains described flash chip partition information.
6, Web TV according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, guidance code in the described flash chip comprises the phase one guidance code and the subordinate phase guidance code of described boot, after described the 0th piece, deposit described phase one code in a plurality of continuous pieces, and all deposit a identical phase one guidance code in each piece; In the follow-up good piece of described flash chip, deposit described subordinate phase code.
According to claim 5 or 6 described Web TVs, it is characterized in that 7, described Web TV also comprises a code judge module, be used to judge whether last bit data is appointment codes in described the 0th piece; Be that then system directly obtains partition information and starts the picture positional information from the 0th subregion of described flash chip; Otherwise directly from environmental variance, obtain described flash chip partition information, and begin to calculate the side-play amount and the size of this partition information.
8, a kind of set-top box that starts boot in the flash memory, comprise a flash chip, deposited guidance code in the described flash chip, the boot that is used for start-up system, it is characterized in that, described set-top box comprises that also one starts judge module, is used for judging by the Data Labels of the 0th piece of described flash chip whether current startup is to start for the first time; Be then to scan and write down described bad block message of flash chip, and revise the Data Labels of described the 0th piece when reading and writing data; Otherwise the described bad block message of flash chip according to record reads the data of described the 0th piece, obtains described flash chip partition information.
9, set-top box according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, guidance code in the described flash chip comprises the phase one guidance code and the subordinate phase guidance code of described boot, after described the 0th piece, deposit described phase one code in a plurality of continuous pieces, and all deposit a identical phase one guidance code in each piece; In the follow-up good piece of described flash chip, deposit described subordinate phase code.
10, according to Claim 8 or 9 described set-top box, it is characterized in that described set-top box also comprises a code judge module, be used to judge whether last bit data is appointment codes in described the 0th piece; Be that then system directly obtains partition information and starts the picture positional information from the 0th subregion of described flash chip; Otherwise directly from environmental variance, obtain described flash chip partition information, and begin to calculate the side-play amount and the size of this partition information.
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| CN102104750A (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2011-06-22 | 康佳集团股份有限公司 | Method for automatically upgrading network television |
| CN102163158A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-08-24 | 北京凡达讯科技有限公司 | Method for starting system-on-a-chip by NAND flash memory |
| CN102248919A (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2011-11-23 | 株式会社电装 | Navigation device for vehicle |
| CN102385535A (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-03-21 | 苹果公司 | Handling errors during device bootup from a non-volatile memory |
| CN102460383A (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2012-05-16 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Data processing method and semiconductor integrated circuit |
| CN102883220A (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2013-01-16 | 深圳市九洲电器有限公司 | STB (Set Top Box) starting method and device |
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| CN102163158A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-08-24 | 北京凡达讯科技有限公司 | Method for starting system-on-a-chip by NAND flash memory |
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| CN110471620A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-11-19 | 深圳市德名利电子有限公司 | The data bootstrap technique and device and equipment of a kind of flash memory |
| CN110471620B (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2022-11-22 | 深圳市德明利技术股份有限公司 | Data boot method, device and equipment of flash memory |
| CN111078307A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-28 | 迈普通信技术股份有限公司 | Starting method and device of embedded equipment, embedded equipment and storage medium |
| CN113127071A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-07-16 | 珠海全志科技股份有限公司 | Starting method and device based on solidified starting code, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN113238819A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-08-10 | 成都菁蓉联创科技有限公司 | Dynamic loading method and system of drive file suitable for U-Boot |
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| CN101520735B (en) | 2013-09-18 |
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