CN101519704B - Method for laser cladding Co-based alloy coating at blast-furnace tuyere - Google Patents
Method for laser cladding Co-based alloy coating at blast-furnace tuyere Download PDFInfo
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- CN101519704B CN101519704B CN2008100339195A CN200810033919A CN101519704B CN 101519704 B CN101519704 B CN 101519704B CN 2008100339195 A CN2008100339195 A CN 2008100339195A CN 200810033919 A CN200810033919 A CN 200810033919A CN 101519704 B CN101519704 B CN 101519704B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for laser cladding Co-based alloy coating on the surface of a blast-furnace tuyere, which includes the following steps of: (1) preprocessing the surface of an air outlThe invention discloses a method for laser cladding Co-based alloy coating on the surface of a blast-furnace tuyere, which includes the following steps of: (1) preprocessing the surface of an air outlth the matrix in a metallurgical way; therefore, the method can significantly prolong the service life of the blast-furnace tuyere. In addition, the method has the advantage of low cost and can bewith the matrix in a metallurgical way; therefore, the method can significantly prolong the service life of the blast-furnace tuyere. In addition, the method has the advantage of low cost and can beused in the partial restoration of a waste blast-furnace tuyere.used in the partial restoration of a waste blast-furnace tuyere.et of the blast-furnace tuyere; (2) praying predeposited base alloy on the surface of the air outlet; (3) before being fed into a CO2 laser, preprocessing a blast-furnace tuyere workpiece; (4) feedinget of the blast-furnace tuyere; (2) praying predeposited base alloy on the surface of the air outlet; (3) before being fed into a CO2 laser, preprocessing a blast-furnace tuyere workpiece; (4) feedingpowder in a backward synchronous way or a coaxial way, and then multi-pass cladding Co-based alloy powder at the work layer of the air outlet of the blast-furnace tuyere which is predeposited by the powder in a backward synchronous way or a coaxial way, and then multi-pass cladding Co-based alloy powder at the work layer of the air outlet of the blast-furnace tuyere which is predeposited by thegas argon arc welding by the CO2 laser; simultaneously, protecting the region which is processed in the laser cladding way by inert gases; and (5) follow-up processing. Under the premise of not affectgas argon arc welding by the CO2 laser; simultaneously, protecting the region which is processed in the laser cladding way by inert gases; and (5) follow-up processing. Under the premise of not affecting the thermal conductance of the copper matrix, the method can obtain the coating with high-hardness, wear-resistance and high temperature oxidation-resistance and can make the coating firmly bondeding the thermal conductance of the copper matrix, the method can obtain the coating with high-hardness, wear-resistance and high temperature oxidation-resistance and can make the coating firmly bonded wi
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to blast-furnace tuyere surface strengthening technology field, be specifically related to the method for a kind of laser melting coating at the air outlet surface preparation Co-based alloy coating of blast-furnace tuyere.
Background technology
Blast-furnace tuyere has special status in blast-furnace smelting is blown necessary equipment, can life-span length directly have influence on blast furnace and keep direct motion, obtain high yield and reduce ironmaking cost.The Working environment of its air outlet is very abominable, and it will bear the high speed of high-temperature hot-air and wash away, the bump of high temperature coke button and erosion, and the wearing and tearing of coal dust under the coal injection condition.In addition, because blast-furnace tuyere internal cooling water temp is very low, air port wall outside surface will bear about 2000 ℃ hyperthermia radiation and the 1000 ℃ of convective heat exchanges with overdraught and slag iron from the district of circling round, cause the air port wall to bear very big thermograde and this is arranged and the thermal stresses that causes, often cause blast-furnace tuyere to scrap too early.For addressing this problem, formed following patent in the production around improving blast-furnace tuyere structure and surface treatment method:
1, adopts the method for improving the blast-furnace tuyere structure.United States Patent (USP) 2007235910 discloses a kind of helical cavity built-up type blast-furnace tuyere, and water coolant is flowed with a direction in air outlet.Chinese patent publication number 2203977 discloses a kind of current-sharing two-chamber built-up type blast-furnace tuyere, has solved the problem at current dead angle, air port.These blast-furnace tuyeres that improve structure can improve the cooling efficiency of water coolant, prolong its work-ing life to a certain extent, but can not bring the wear resisting property of air outlet surface copper matrix to improve, and cause the increase of preparation cost.
2, adopt the top coat technology at blast-furnace tuyere surface sediment antiwear heat resisting alloy coat.Chinese patent publication number 1257134 disclosed a kind of thermospray Cr
3C
2, CrB
2Strengthen NiCrAl, CoCrAl based ceramic metal compound coating technology, coating has higher hardness and high temperature oxidation resistance.But coating and the matrix of the preparation of such technology are mechanical bond, very easily peel off under the erosion of coal tar piece in the use, cause the air port use promptly to occur partial destruction in early days, work-ing life instability.
3, adopt the heat treatment technics of surface, air port alloying element.Chinese patent publication number 1075339 discloses a kind of at the polynary composite cementation cobalt nickel aluminium intensifying technology in surface, air port, and Chinese patent publication number 1864894 discloses a kind of copper alloy surface cast-infiltration NiCrBSi powdered alloy technology.Though above technology has realized the metallurgical binding of alloy enhanced layer and matrix, it is low that the multiple permeation layer has hardness, and resistance to elevated temperatures is poor, defectives such as thermal fatigue difference, and prepared infiltration layer has certain gradient, and it is actual that effectively infiltration layer is thinner.
In sum, existing blast-furnace tuyere modification technology, because the restriction of working method, aspect use properties, still be difficult to satisfy the actual needs that use, be badly in need of a kind of under the prerequisite that does not influence the copper matrix capacity of heat transmission in the production, can significantly improve the surface abrasion resistance in air port, and effectively working lining and matrix bond are firm, lower-cost method.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiency that prior art exists, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of blast-furnace tuyere air outlet surface laser cladding cobalt base superalloy layer; Under the prerequisite that does not influence the copper matrix capacity of heat transmission, coating has high rigidity, wear-resistant, high temperature oxidation resisting, with matrix be firm performance characteristics such as metallurgical binding, but significant prolongation blast-furnace tuyere work-ing life, and it is low to have a preparation cost, the advantages such as part reparation that can be applicable to scrap blast-furnace tuyere.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is
A kind of method of blast-furnace tuyere surface laser cladding cobalt base superalloy layer; It comprises the steps:
1) corrosion and the greasy dirt on surface, air port are cleared out of in the pre-treatment on blast-furnace tuyere air outlet surface, obtain clean Surface;
2) air outlet surface pre-deposition bottoming alloy, earlier will be before the work through air outlet surface acetone, the alcohol wash that acid-wash activation is handled, electroplate then, gas argon arc weld deposit or thermospray pre-deposition, described bottoming alloy is a nickel base superalloy, prime coat layer thickness 0.5～1mm; The bottoming alloy plays a transition role between base material and cladding material, can reduce structural stress;
3) the blast-furnace tuyere workpiece is sent into CO
2Thermal pretreatment before the laser apparatus,
4) high power CO
2Laser apparatus adopts reverse synchronous mode or coaxial-type automatic powder feeding system, at the air outlet working lining multi-pass cladding Co-based alloy powder through the blast-furnace tuyere of gas argon arc welding pre-deposition; And simultaneously synchronous protection of inert gas is carried out in the Laser Cladding Treatment zone;
5) subsequent disposal reduces structural stress.
Further, the described blast-furnace tuyere surface preparation of step (1) be copper matrix air outlet surface through acid pickling and rust removing, carry out acidleach activation, soak time 1～1.5 minute again.
Step (2) is described to be handled the bottoming alloy surface, and the Ni-based prime coat surface of plating, gas argon arc weld deposit or thermospray pre-deposition is cleaned with acetone after polished finish, and the surface of clean, smooth is provided for follow-up laser melting coating step.
The described workpiece thermal pretreatment of step (3) temperature is 350～450 ℃, and 2～4 hours time is to reduce the thermograde between base material and the cladding coating.
Step (4) described laser cladding technological parameter: laser power 1-5kW, laser scanning speed 100-500mm/min, laser spot diameter 2-6mm, laser multi-pass overlapping rate 20-60%; Described inert protective gas is argon gas or nitrogen; Laser melting coating can obtain the Co-based alloy coating of controllable thickness.
It is 1～3mm that step (4) laser melting coating can obtain Co-based alloy coating thickness.
The described subsequent disposal of step (5) is that the blast-furnace tuyere surface will slowly be cooled off after laser multi-pass cladding cobalt-based coating, in heat treatment furnace, sample is carried out stress relief annealing, 350～450 ℃ of annealing temperatures, 8～12 hours stress relief annealing time, the cladding layer surface, back of coming out of the stove is polished, is polished.
Adopt the present invention to have the following advantages and effect:
1, the present invention carries out to a certain degree preheating and aftertreatment to base material in that laser melting coating is forward and backward, can reduce thermograde, suppresses the cracking of cladding layer to a certain extent.
2, the present invention selects for use the self-fusible alloy powder of nickel-base close with the copper base material component as prime coat.On the one hand because the thermal expansivity and the fusing point of nickel and copper are very close, can suppress like this in the laser cladding process because the difference between base material and the hot rerum natura of cladding material causes the structural stress that produces.On the other hand, prime coat provides good " heat insulation " barrier action for later stage laser multi-pass cladding Co-based alloy coating.
3, use high-power CO
2Gas laser, at the Co-based alloy coating of the surface preparation controllable thickness of blast-furnace tuyere material, alloy coat and matrix are metallurgical binding, have improved the bonding force of coating and matrix, have solved built-up welding, the caducous problem of spray welding process coating.
4, laser cladding Co-based alloy coating is compared with cemented alloy layer with built-up welding, surfacing coating and is had better wear-resisting and high temperature oxidation resistance, and the laser cladding coating tissue has more tiny grain structure, can further improve the hardness of coating, prolong air port work-ing life.Technology of the present invention can be used for the high-performance reinforcement of blast-furnace tuyere surface and also can be used for scrapping the partial reparation in air port, has saved production cost, can produce better economic and social benefit at metallurgy industry.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The present invention is at the air outlet working face laser melting coating Co50 of blast-furnace tuyere alloy coat, and technology comprises the steps:
(1) the air outlet copper matrix of blast-furnace tuyere carries out pickling and derusts, and till the Ex-all, air outlet at room temperature is put into the H of 80g/l again
2SO
4The middle immersion 1 minute, make its activation, the using gas argon arc welding is at the air outlet surface of activated processing pre-deposition nickel base superalloy, and bottoming alloy coat thickness is 1.0mm, the pre-deposition coatingsurface cleans through polishing and acetone once more, realizes surfacing, the cleaning of pending workpiece; (2) Co50 cladding powdered alloy granularity is 58～104 μ m, and drying is stand-by; (3) laser melting and coating process: the blast-furnace tuyere that pre-treatment is good is sent into the 5000 cross-flow type CO by TJ-HL-T 350 ℃ of preheatings after 4 hours
2The suite of equipment that laser apparatus, machining tool, numerical control device are formed, the power of laser apparatus is adjusted into 2.2kW, laser scanning speed is 180mm/min, laser spot diameter is 5mm, laser scanning passage overlapping rate is 50%, and the Co50 powdered alloy that will dry of this equipment adopts the cladding of reverse synchronous mode automatic powder feeding system on the air outlet working face of this blast-furnace tuyere simultaneously; (4) subsequent disposal: place heat treatment furnace to carry out 350 ℃ of stress relief annealings 12 hours the blast-furnace tuyere behind the laser melting coating, come out of the stove subsequently, can satisfy service requirements after the surface finish.
Embodiment 2
The present invention is at the air outlet working face laser melting coating Co50 of blast-furnace tuyere alloy coat, and technology comprises the steps:
(1) the air outlet copper matrix of blast-furnace tuyere carries out pickling and derusts, and till the Ex-all, air outlet at room temperature is put into the H of 80g/l again
2SO
4The middle immersion 1.5 minutes, make its activation, the using gas argon arc welding is at the air outlet surface of activated processing pre-deposition nickel base superalloy, and bottoming alloy coat thickness is 0.8mm, the pre-deposition coatingsurface cleans through polishing and acetone once more, realizes surfacing, the cleaning of pending workpiece; (2) Co50 cladding powdered alloy granularity is 58～104 μ m, and drying is stand-by; (3) laser melting and coating process: the blast-furnace tuyere that pre-treatment is good is sent into the 5000 cross-flow type CO by TJ-HL-T 450 ℃ of preheatings after 2 hours
2The suite of equipment that laser apparatus, machining tool, numerical control device are formed, the power of laser apparatus is adjusted into 2.8kW, laser scanning speed is 280mm/min, laser spot diameter is 4mm, laser scanning passage overlapping rate is 30%, and the Co50 powdered alloy that will dry of this equipment adopts the cladding of reverse synchronous mode automatic powder feeding system on the air outlet working face of this blast-furnace tuyere simultaneously; (4) subsequent disposal: place heat treatment furnace to carry out 450 ℃ of stress relief annealings 8 hours the blast-furnace tuyere behind the laser melting coating, come out of the stove subsequently, can satisfy existing on-the-spot service requirements after the surface finish.
Claims (6)
1. the method for a blast-furnace tuyere surface laser cladding cobalt base superalloy layer, it comprises the steps:
1) corrosion and greasy dirt are removed in the pre-treatment on blast-furnace tuyere air outlet surface;
2) air outlet surface pre-deposition bottoming alloy, earlier will be before the work through air outlet surface that acid-wash activation is handled with acetone or alcohol wash, electroplate then, gas argon arc weld deposit or thermospray pre-deposition, described bottoming alloy is a nickel base superalloy, prime coat layer thickness 0.5～1mm;
3) the blast-furnace tuyere workpiece is sent into CO
2Thermal pretreatment before the laser apparatus,
4) high power CO
2Laser apparatus adopts reverse synchronous mode or coaxial-type automatic powder feeding system, at the air outlet working lining multi-pass cladding Co-based alloy powder through the blast-furnace tuyere of gas argon arc welding pre-deposition; And simultaneously synchronous protection of inert gas is carried out in the Laser Cladding Treatment zone; Wherein, laser cladding technological parameter: laser power 1-5kW, laser scanning speed 100-500mm/min, laser spot diameter 2-6mm, laser multi-pass overlapping rate 20-60%; Described inert protective gas is argon gas or nitrogen; Laser melting coating can obtain the Co-based alloy coating of controllable thickness;
5) subsequent disposal.
2. the method for blast-furnace tuyere surface laser cladding cobalt base superalloy layer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described blast-furnace tuyere surface preparation of step (1) be copper matrix air outlet surface through acid pickling and rust removing, carry out acidleach activation, soak time 1～1.5 minute again.
3. the method for blast-furnace tuyere surface laser cladding cobalt base superalloy layer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, step (2) is handled the bottoming alloy surface, Ni-based prime coat surface to plating, gas argon arc weld deposit or thermospray pre-deposition is cleaned with acetone after polished finish, and the surface of clean, smooth is provided for follow-up laser melting coating step.
4. the method for blast-furnace tuyere surface laser cladding cobalt base superalloy layer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, step (3) workpiece thermal pretreatment temperature is 350～450 ℃, 2～4 hours time.
5. the method for blast-furnace tuyere surface laser cladding cobalt base superalloy layer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, it is 1～3mm that step (4) laser melting coating can obtain Co-based alloy coating thickness.
6. the method for blast-furnace tuyere surface laser cladding cobalt base superalloy layer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described subsequent disposal of step (5) is that the blast-furnace tuyere surface will slowly be cooled off after laser multi-pass cladding cobalt-based coating, in heat treatment furnace, sample is carried out stress relief annealing, 350～450 ℃ of annealing temperatures, 8～12 hours stress relief annealing time, the cladding layer surface, back of coming out of the stove is polished, is polished.
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| CN102383126B (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2013-11-13 | 南昌航空大学 | Method with functions of preheating and postheating for forming crack-free coating with high efficiency by three-light-beam laser-cladding technique |
| CN103741137A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-23 | 武汉团结点金激光科技有限公司 | Laser surface cladding treatment technology for tooth surface of roller bit |
| CN104404186B (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-08-24 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Strengthen function the manufacture method of functionally gradient material (FGM) in a kind of air port |
| CN104775119B (en) * | 2015-05-04 | 2017-04-26 | 北京理工大学 | Laser cladding preparation method for low-friction-coefficient Fe-base amorphous alloy coating |
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| CN110144582B (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2020-10-27 | 西安交通大学 | Metal-based material for preparing crystallizer or tuyere and preparation method thereof |
| CN111485236A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-04 | 沈阳金锋特种设备有限公司 | Electron beam cladding method for wear-resistant layer of tuyere working surface |
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| CN101109026A (en) * | 2007-08-20 | 2008-01-23 | 沈阳大陆激光成套设备有限公司 | Laser fusion welding method of abrasion-proof heat-proof composite coating on surface of tuyeres of blast furnace port sleeve |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101109026A (en) * | 2007-08-20 | 2008-01-23 | 沈阳大陆激光成套设备有限公司 | Laser fusion welding method of abrasion-proof heat-proof composite coating on surface of tuyeres of blast furnace port sleeve |
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