CN101517323A - Thermal energy storage and cooling system with isolated external melt cooling - Google Patents
Thermal energy storage and cooling system with isolated external melt cooling Download PDFInfo
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- CN101517323A CN101517323A CNA200780034981XA CN200780034981A CN101517323A CN 101517323 A CN101517323 A CN 101517323A CN A200780034981X A CNA200780034981X A CN A200780034981XA CN 200780034981 A CN200780034981 A CN 200780034981A CN 101517323 A CN101517323 A CN 101517323A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
- F24F5/0017—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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Abstract
Disclosed are a method and device for a refrigerant-based thermal energy storage and cooling system with isolated external melt cooling. The disclosed embodiments provide a refrigerant-based ice storage system with increased reliability, lower cost components, and reduced power consumption compared to a single phase system such as a glycol system.
Description
The cross reference of related application
The application based on and the name that requires to submit on August 10th, 2006 be called the U.S. Provisional Application number 60/822 of " thermal energy storage and cooling system " with external melt cooling of isolation, 034 priority adds its all open and instruction by reference especially at this.
Background technology
Along with the raising that power consumption when the peak requirements needs, utilized ice to store the line load of air-conditioning has been transferred to off-peak hours and rate.Needs when transferring to non-peak when not only existing load from the peak, and have the ability that increases air-conditioning unit and the needs of efficient.Current air-conditioning unit with energy-storage system is owing to comprising that some defectives that water cooler is relied on have only limited effect, this water cooler only practical application in large-scale commercial building and be difficult to obtain high efficiency.For the advantage commercialization in large-scale and small-business building that makes thermal energy storage, the thermal energy storage system must have minimum production cost, keep maximal efficiency under the different operating condition, distributes simple in the refrigerant managing structure and keep flexibility in multiple refrigeration or air conditioning application.
The U.S. Patent number 4 of authorizing Harry Fischer, 735,064, U.S. Patent number 5,225,526, authorize the U.S. Patent number 5 of Fischer etc., 647,225, authorize the U.S. Patent number 7 of Narayanamurthy etc. on January 16th, 2007,162,878, equal the Application No. 11/112 of submission on April 22nd, 2005 by Narayanamurthy, 861, equal the Application No. 11/138 of submission on May 25th, 2005 by Narayanamurthy, 762, equal the Application No. 11/208 of submission on August 18th, 2005 by Narayanamurthy, 074 and the Application No. 11/284,533 that equals to submit on November 21st, 2005 by Narayanamurthy in considered to provide the system of heat energy storage in advance.All these patent utilizations ice store transfers to the electricity charge of non-peak so that economic rationality to be provided with the air-conditioning load from the peak electricity charge, and adds all their instructions and open by reference especially at this.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, embodiments of the invention can comprise based on the thermal energy storage of cold-producing medium and cooling system, it comprises: refrigerant loop, cooling circuit, this refrigerant loop that comprises cold-producing medium comprises: condensing unit, bloating plant and main heat exchanger, and described condensing unit comprises compressor and condenser; Described bloating plant is connected to the downstream of described condensing unit; Described main heat exchanger plays evaporimeter and is positioned at the jar that fluid is housed, this fluid can phase transformation between liquid and solid, this main heat exchanger helps conducting the heat from the cold-producing medium of condenser, to cool off at least a portion of this fluid and freezing described jar of interior fluid; The described cooling circuit that comprises from described jar fluid comprises: load heat exchanger and pump, described load heat exchanger are connected on described jar, and its cooling capacity with fluid is delivered to heat load; Described pump will be assigned to load heat exchanger and described fluid will be turned back in the jar from the fluid of jar.
Embodiments of the invention can also comprise based on the thermal energy storage of cold-producing medium and cooling system, it comprises: first refrigerant loop, second refrigerant loop, this first refrigerant loop that comprises first cold-producing medium comprises: condensing unit, bloating plant and first evaporimeter, described condensing unit comprise the compressor and first condenser; Described bloating plant is connected to the downstream of described condensing unit; Described first evaporimeter is on the major side edges of the isolation heat exchanger that is positioned at described bloating plant downstream part; This second refrigerant loop that comprises second cold-producing medium comprises: second condenser, jar, load heat exchanger and pump; Described second condenser is on the secondary side of isolating heat exchanger; Described cannedly have fluid that can phase transformation between liquid and solid and wherein comprise main heat exchanger, and described main heat exchanger is communicated with the described second condenser fluid and is used at least a portion that second cold-producing medium from second condenser comes the fluid in cooling fluid and freezing described jar; Described load heat exchanger connect into described jar in fluid communication, its cooling capacity with fluid is delivered to heat load; Described pump is used for the fluid from jar is assigned to load heat exchanger.
Embodiments of the invention also comprise a kind of method of using thermal energy storage and cooling system based on cold-producing medium that cooling is provided, it comprises step: provide cooling for main heat exchanger by the high-pressure refrigerant of evaporation in the main heat exchanger, it is limited in comprising in the jar of fluid, and this fluid can phase transformation between liquid and solid; The part of frozen liquid and forming in described jar is iced; The liquid of described fluid partly is sent to load heat exchanger; Partly be delivered to load heat exchanger so that the load cooling to be provided with cooling off from the liquid of described fluid; The liquid of described fluid is partly turned back to described jar; Utilize described jar of interior ice to cool off the liquid part of described fluid.
Embodiments of the invention also comprise a kind of method of using thermal energy storage and cooling system based on cold-producing medium that cooling is provided, it comprises step: provide cooling for main heat exchanger by the high-pressure refrigerant of evaporation in the main heat exchanger, it is limited in comprising in the jar of fluid, and this fluid can phase transformation between liquid and solid; The part of frozen liquid and forming in described jar is iced; The liquid of described fluid partly is sent to the major side edges of intermediate heat exchanger; Cooling is delivered to second refrigerant loop that comprises second cold-producing medium from the major side edges of the described intermediate heat exchanger secondary side by described intermediate heat exchanger; The liquid of described fluid is partly turned back to this jar; Utilize ice in this jar to cool off the liquid part of described fluid; Second cold-producing medium is sent to load heat exchanger; To be delivered to load heat exchanger from the cooling of second cold-producing medium so that the load cooling to be provided; Second cold-producing medium is turned back to the secondary side of this intermediate heat exchanger; Utilize the major side edges of described intermediate heat exchanger to cool off second cold-producing medium.
Description of drawings
In the drawings,
Fig. 1 illustrate external melt cooling with isolation based on the thermal energy storage of cold-producing medium and the embodiment of cooling system.
Fig. 2 illustrate external melt cooling with isolation based on the thermal energy storage of cold-producing medium and the embodiment of cooling system, this system uses general refrigerant managing container.
Fig. 3 illustrates the structure based on the embodiment of the thermal energy storage of cold-producing medium and cooling system with secondary refrigerant is isolated and isolate external melt cooling.
Fig. 4 illustrates has that secondary refrigerant is isolated and the direct structure based on the embodiment of the thermal energy storage of cold-producing medium and cooling system of cooling (bypass) ability.
Fig. 5 illustrates has that secondary refrigerant is isolated and the structure based on the embodiment of the thermal energy storage of cold-producing medium and cooling system of secondary refrigerant circuits.
The specific embodiment
Though the present invention can be by multiple multi-form the realization, the disclosed example that will be considered to the principle of the invention of its specific embodiment shown and that herein describe in detail among the figure, and be not limited to described specific embodiment.
Fig. 1 illustrate external melt cooling with isolation based on the thermal energy storage of cold-producing medium and the embodiment of cooling system.This embodiment can have or not have reservoir vessel or URMV (general refrigerant managing container) operation down, and has described not have container among Fig. 1.Fig. 2 has described to have the system of URMV.This embodiment adds air-conditioning unit 102, and this air-conditioning unit utilizes compressor 110 with cold, low pressure refrigerant gas boil down to heat, gases at high pressure.Then, condenser 111 is removed the most of heat in the described gas and described heat is discharged in the atmosphere.The cold-producing medium that from condenser, comes out as heat, high pressure liquid refrigerant is sent to bloating plant 130 by highly pressurised liquid supply line 112, and is sent to thermal energy storage unit 106 by supply pipe 192.This bloating plant 130 can be traditional or unconventional thermal expansion valve, mixed-phase regulator and buffering container (holder) etc.When from lower header assembly 156 cold-producing medium that expands being input to upper header assembly 154, cooling is delivered to thermal energy storage unit 106 by main heat exchanger 160 by freezing/discharge coil pipe 142.The vapour phase of low pressure and liquid refrigerant turn back to compressor 110 via low pressure return line 118 and finish kind of refrigeration cycle then.
Thermal energy storage unit 106 comprises thermally insulated tank 140, and this thermally insulated tank is equipped with the main heat exchanger 160 that is surrounded by the heat reservoir as phase-change material (pattern according to current system is generally fluid/ice).Main heat exchanger 160 further comprises the lower header assembly 156 that is connected to upper header assembly 154, and it has a series of freezing and discharge coil pipe 142 with formation liquid/steam loop thermally insulated tank 140 in.Described upper and lower header assemblies 154 and 156 utilizes import and outlet connecting portion externally to be communicated with thermal energy storage unit 106.
Among Fig. 1 graphic embodiment utilize at least one traditional air-conditioning unit 102 to be used as main cooling source.Can utilize a plurality of air-conditioning units and not break away from spirit of the present invention.Thermal energy storage unit 106 uses the independently refrigerant loop that transmits cooling between air-conditioning unit 102 and thermal energy storage unit 106 to come work.The disclosed embodiments are moved by two kinds of groundwork patterns of charging (making ice) and cooling (melting ice) pattern.
In charge mode, compressed high-pressure refrigerant leaves air-conditioning unit 102 and is supplied to cooling thermal energy storage unit 106 by bloating plant 130 by highly pressurised liquid supply line 112, at this place, it enters main heat exchanger 160 by lower header assembly 156 and is assigned with by the refrigerating coil 142 as evaporimeter then.Cooling is by the liquid phase-change material 152 around being delivered to from refrigerating coil 142, and this liquid phase-change material is limited in the thermally insulated tank 140, and at least a portion of the phase-change material 153 (ice) of freezing encirclement refrigerating coil 142 and heat energy storage in this process.The liquid and the vapor phase refrigerant of heat are left refrigerating coil 142 by upper header assembly 154, and withdraw from thermal energy storage unit 106 by low pressure return line 118 and turn back to air-conditioning unit 102, and are fed in the compressor 110 and are condensed into liquid again.
In refrigerating mode, cold liquid phase-change material leaves the bottom of thermally insulated tank 140 and is advanced to load heat exchanger 122 by pump 120, at this place, utilizes the help of air processing machine 150 that cooling is delivered to load.This load heat exchanger 122 can be list or multi-evaporator, for example, can be used to provide multi-region cooling, small-sized split type evaporimeter (mini-split evaporators) etc.The liquid of heat leaves load heat exchanger 122, and at this place, liquid is returned to the collector 154 of thermal energy storage unit 106 and draws cooling from the phase transformation material 153 around coil pipe.
Because system isolates main refrigerant from secondary phase change material loop, so system allows to use multiple cold-producing medium in addition in equipment.For example, can in main refrigerant circuit, utilize one type highly effective refrigeration agent, it (for example can have character that obstruction uses in shelter, propane), the material that is more suitable for simultaneously (for example, water, ammonia, ice slurry, salt solution, ethylene glycol, propane diols, various ethanol (isobutyl group, ethanol), sugar, other eutectic materials etc.) is used to enter the secondary loop of shelter.This has allowed the bigger multifunctionality and the high efficiency of system, keeps having solved safety, environment and application problem simultaneously.
Embodiment shown in Fig. 2 has shown that the system of Fig. 1 has further utilized accumulation vessel or URMV.As described above described in the embodiment, thermal energy storage unit 106 utilizes independently that refrigerant loop comes work, and this refrigerant loop transmits cooling between air-conditioning unit 102 and thermal energy storage unit 106.In this example, as the gatherer and the phase-splitter of polyphase system cryogen, accumulate or general refrigerant managing container (URMV) 146 and thermal energy storage unit 106 and air-conditioning unit 102 both be in fluid and be communicated with.
In addition, the disclosed embodiments are moved by two kinds of groundwork patterns of charging (making ice) and cooling (melting ice) pattern.Refrigerating mode is identical with Fig. 1's, and makes the additional function that ice comprises URMV.In charge mode, URMV 146 gathers the liquid refrigerant that leaves bloating plant 130 and vapor phase refrigerant is separated with liquid phase refrigerant.Condensed refrigerant is left the bottom of URMV 146 by first outlet and is inflated in the coil pipe of thermal energy storage unit 106, and at this place, cooling is passed to the phase-change material in the thermally insulated tank 140.The cold-producing medium that expands leaves thermal energy storage unit 106 and turns back to the top of URMV, and at this place, remaining liquid phase refrigerant is accumulated among the URMV and vapor phase refrigerant is returned to air-conditioning unit by second outlet and is used for compression, condensation and heat extraction.
Fig. 3 illustrates based on the thermal energy storage of cold-producing medium and the embodiment of cooling system, the external melt cooling that it has secondary refrigerant to isolate and isolate.As the embodiment of Fig. 1, disclosed system has or does not have reservoir vessel or URMV to move.Fig. 3 has described system does not have container, and its Fig. 4 has described system and had URMV.The present embodiment utilization comprises the main refrigerant circuit 101 of at least one air-conditioning unit 102, this air-conditioning unit has compressor 110 and the condenser 111 that produces high pressure liquid refrigerant, and this liquid refrigerant is sent to by bloating plant 130 by highly pressurised liquid supply line 112 isolates heat exchanger 162.Low pressure refrigerant is returned to compressor 110 via low pressure return line 118.The additional benefit that adds URMV in system is that it allows the extra application flexibility about the geometry of refrigerant lines.The length of pipeline that should additional refrigerant reservoir helps longer refrigerant lines, and therefore helps being used to being provided with the bigger apart from tolerance of parts.
In secondary refrigerant circuits 103, cooling is delivered to thermal energy storage unit 106 by isolating heat exchanger 162.This thermal energy storage unit 106 can with Fig. 1 in describe compare, and play evaporimeter in ice making cycle period.Be connected in the external melt cooling circuit 105 with the load heat exchanger 122 of air processing machine 150 associating, to send from the cooling of heat energy storage element 106 and the cooling of isolation is provided by a kind of pattern.
Can place valve with the different places in the external melt cooling circuit 105 in secondary refrigerant circuits 103, to allow the multi-mode state of minimal complexity and plumbing installation (plumbing).Externally melt and place pump 120 in the cooling circuit 105, so that cold liquid phase-change material is pumped into load heat exchanger 122 and gets back to thermal energy storage unit 106 by refrigerating mode from thermally insulated tank 140.This load heat exchanger 122 can be list or multi-evaporator, for example, can be used to provide multi-region cooling, small-sized split type evaporimeter etc.
Present embodiment can move by making ice and melting two kinds of main operator schemes of icing.In making ice or charge mode, main refrigerant circuit 102 is used to cool off the major side edges of isolating heat exchanger 162, and it is delivered to secondary refrigerant circuits 103 with heat.Secondary refrigerant circuits 103 can be driven or be supplied with by gravity (as shown with describe) by pump, comes pump to drive by increase refrigerated medium pump (generally isolating between heat exchanger 162 and lower header assembly 156 (not shown)s) in the loop.When the usefulness about freezing/discharge coil pipe 142 was in charge mode, the gravity feed system of Fig. 3 was self balancing.
Should can be useful making the autobalance that takes place during the ice pattern.Can apply very big stress to the ice storage heat exchanger during uneven ice forms, this can finally cause the mechanical breakdown of heat exchanger or break.The pump feed system can not be self balancing, because cold-producing medium is forced to the amount that enters in each coil pipe and do not consider to have surrounded the ice of coil pipe.Another advantage of gravity feed system is not have pump, and it needs power source and has increased extra incipient fault pattern to system.
In gravity or pump feed system, secondary refrigerant circuits 103 is transported to thermal energy storage unit 106 with the condensed refrigerant of cooling, at this place, it enters main heat exchanger 160 by lower header assembly 156, and is assigned with by the refrigerating coil 142 as evaporimeter then.Cooling is delivered to the liquid phase-change material 152 on every side that is limited in the thermally insulated tank 140 from refrigerating coil 142, and at least a portion of the phase-change material 153 (ice) of freezing encirclement refrigerating coil 142 and heat energy storage in this process.In thermally insulated tank 140, the part of phase-change material remains liquid and generally can surround solid material (though also can use slurry).This cold liquid phase-change material 152 is extracted by the bottom of the thermally insulated tank 140 of pump 120 in the thermal energy storage unit 106, and by load heat exchanger 122 circulations and be used to cool off the heat load that utilizes air processing machine 150.The liquid phase-change material 152 of heat leaves load heat exchanger 122 and is returned to thermally insulated tank 140, at this place, by melting the liquid phase-change material that the phase transformation material 153 (ice) that surrounds refrigerating coil 142 cools off described heat.
In charge mode, thermal energy storage unit 106 plays evaporimeter, and cooling is delivered to the fluid that is limited in the thermal energy storage unit 106, thus heat energy storage.The liquid and the vapor phase refrigerant of heat are left refrigerating coil 142 by upper header assembly 154, and withdraw from thermal energy storage unit 106 and turn back to and isolate heat exchanger 162 and be condensed into liquid again.
In ice-thawing or refrigerating mode, main refrigerant circuit 102 can continue to cool off, can be closed or can be separated.Cold liquid refrigerant is extracted from thermal energy storage unit 106 and is pumped into load heat exchanger 122 by pump 120, at this place, utilizes the assistance of air processing machine 150 that cooling is delivered to load.The liquid of heat and the mixture of vapor phase refrigerant leave load heat exchanger 122, and at this place, mixture is returned to the thermal energy storage unit 106 that is used as condenser now.By cooling off and the condensed vapor phases cold-producing medium from cooling fluid or ice draw in cold.As the embodiment of Fig. 1, can use the valve (not shown) that flows of a series of control cold-producing mediums to carry out manufacturing ice, melt the groundwork pattern of icing and directly cooling off.
Fig. 4 illustrate have secondary refrigerant is isolated and isolate external melt cooling based on the thermal energy storage of cold-producing medium and the embodiment of cooling system.Embodiment is described as the front, and main refrigerant circuit is at air-conditioning unit 102 and isolate transmission cooling between the heat exchanger 162.Thermal energy storage unit 106 uses secondary refrigerant circuits 103 to come the cold-producing medium of the cooling of self-isolation heat exchanger 162 to come work by receiving via URMV 146, and this URMV 146 plays the gatherer and the phase-splitter of polyphase system cryogen.The extra benefit that adds URMV in this system is that it allows the extra application flexibility about the geometry of refrigerant lines.The length of pipeline that should additional refrigerant reservoir helps longer refrigerant lines, and therefore helps being used to being provided with the bigger apart from tolerance of parts.
The disclosed embodiments are also moved by two kinds of mode of operations of charging and cooling (and adding direct refrigerating mode).Refrigerating mode is identical with Fig. 3's, and makes the additional function that ice comprises URMV.In charge mode, URMV 146 gathers liquid refrigerant and any vapor phase refrigerant of isolating heat exchanger 162 is left in separation.Condensed refrigerant is left the bottom of URMV 146 and is inflated in main heat exchanger 160, and cooling is delivered to phase-change material in the thermally insulated tank 140.The cold-producing medium that expands leaves thermal energy storage unit 106 and turns back to the top of URMV, and at this place, remaining liquid phase refrigerant is accumulated among the URMV and vapor phase refrigerant is returned to and isolates heat exchanger 162 and be used for cooling.
In direct refrigerating mode, thermal energy storage unit 106 is bypassed, and the condensed refrigerant that bypass refrigerating circuit 107 will be left air-conditioning unit 102 is delivered directly to the major side edges of bypass heat exchanger 198, and is returned to air-conditioning unit 102 then.The secondary side of bypass heat exchanger 198 is communicated with load heat exchanger 122 fluids with external melt cooling circuit 105.Can use valve 194 and 196 that this loop is isolated from thermal energy storage unit 106, can use other valve 188 and 189 to remove simultaneously and isolate heat exchanger 162 and help bypass refrigerating circuit 107 from main refrigerant circuit 101.Same previous embodiments, pump 120 are placed in the external melt cooling circuit 105 so that the secondary side of cold liquid phase-change material from bypass heat exchanger 198 is pumped into load heat exchanger 122 and returns next.Combined loading heat exchanger 122 utilizes air processing machine 150 to provide cooling to heat load.This load heat exchanger 122 can be list or multi-evaporator (for example can be used to provide the multi-region cooling), small-sized split type evaporimeter etc.
Although Fig. 1-3 has described bimodal system (make ice and melt ice), any described embodiment is applicable to that also it has simple geometric structure and valve modification as the use of the direct cooling circuit described at Fig. 4, and this is in the scope of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 illustrates based on the thermal energy storage of cold-producing medium and the structure of cooling system, has secondary refrigerant to isolate and secondary refrigerant circuits 203.As described in the embodiment in figure 1, main refrigerant circuit 201 is transmitted cooling between air-conditioning unit 102 and thermal energy storage unit 106.During making the ice stage, the thermal energy storage unit 106 that comprises main heat exchanger 160 plays bloating plant, and at this place, the cold-producing medium of expansion is supplied to upper header assembly 154 by freezing/discharge coil pipe 142 from lower header assembly 156.Cooling by be delivered to from refrigerating coil 142 be limited in the thermally insulated tank 140 around liquid phase-change material 152, and at least a portion of freezing phase-change material 153 (ice) around described refrigerating coil 142, and in described process heat energy storage.The liquid of heat and vapor phase refrigerant are left refrigerating coil 142 and are withdrawed from thermal energy storage unit 106 by upper header assembly 154 and turn back to air-conditioning unit 102 by low pressure return line 118, and are fed into compressor 110 and are condensed into liquid again.
In refrigerating mode, cold liquid phase-change material leaves the bottom of thermally insulated tank 140 and is advanced to the major side edges of intermediate heat exchanger 123 by pump 120, at this place, cooling is delivered to secondary refrigerant circuits 203 from the thawing cooling circuit 205 of outside.The liquid of heat leaves intermediate heat exchanger 123 and is returned to the top of thermal energy storage unit 106, and the liquid of described heat is drawn cooling from the phase transformation material 153 that surrounds coil pipe.Secondary refrigerant circuits 203 flows through the secondary side of intermediate heat exchanger 123 and fluid draw in cold on the major side edges, and the heating liquid phase-change material.This cooling and condensation cold-producing medium, this cold-producing medium or cooled dose of pump 121 (as shown in the figure) advance or are supplied with the thermal siphon (not shown) by gravity and be driven into load heat exchanger 122, be inflated at this place's cold-producing medium, and cooling be delivered to heat load by means of air processing machine 150.Then, cold-producing medium Re mixing or vapour phase is returned to intermediate heat exchanger 123 to finish secondary refrigerant circuits 203.
The same with the embodiment of Fig. 2, the embodiment of Fig. 5 can comprise URMV and isolate heat exchanger (as among Fig. 3 graphic), bypass refrigerating circuit and bypass heat exchanger or as its any combination of Fig. 4 illustrated.
By utilizing such embodiment, use the present shelter of standard null adjusting system can easily be suitable for or be improved to by increasing the heat reservoir of thermal energy storage unit 106, bloating plant 130, intermediate heat exchanger 123, pump 120 and refrigerated medium pump 121.Because described system isolates main refrigerant from secondary phase change material loop and secondary refrigerant, so this system allows to use multiple cold-producing medium in addition in this equipment.Therefore, the disclosed embodiments provide a kind of method and apparatus of the heat reservoir based on cold-producing medium, wherein utilize the external melt cooling circuit of isolating cooling to be delivered to the heat load that utilizes phase-change material.
The secondary refrigerant circuits 203 of embodiment that can also utilize Fig. 5 is as cooling circuit, and at this place, secondary refrigerant is retained as liquid phase in its whole circulation.The material of the very multiple class of this permission use is finished the heat transmission between intermediate heat exchanger 123 and load heat exchanger 122.These materials can include, but are not limited to: water, ammonia, ice slurry, salt solution, ethylene glycol, propane diols, various ethanol (isobutyl group, ethanol), sugar, other eutectic materials etc.
The description of the front of the present invention of by the agency of is to be used for diagram and illustrative purposes.Disclosed precise forms does not also mean that and is detailed or limits the present invention, can carry out other improvement and variation according to above-mentioned instruction.Selecting and describing described embodiment is in order to explain principle of the present invention and practical application thereof best, thereby makes those skilled in the art utilize the present invention best in different embodiment with the specific use that is suitable for imagining and various improvement.Claims are interpreted as being intended to comprise other alternative embodiments of the present invention, unless under situation about being limited by prior art.
Claims (36)
1. thermal energy storage and cooling system based on a cold-producing medium comprise:
Comprise the refrigerant loop of cold-producing medium, it comprises:
Condensing unit, described condensing unit comprises compressor and condenser;
Bloating plant, it is connected to the downstream of described condensing unit; With,
Main heat exchanger, it plays evaporimeter and is positioned at the jar that fluid is housed, this fluid can phase transformation between liquid and solid, described main heat exchanger helps conducting the heat from the described cold-producing medium of described condenser, to cool off at least a portion of described fluid and freezing described jar of interior described fluid;
Comprise the cooling circuit from the described fluid of described jar, it comprises:
Load heat exchanger, it is connected on described jar, and this load heat exchanger is delivered to heat load with the cooling capacity of described fluid; With
Pump, it will be assigned to described load heat exchanger from described jar described fluid and described fluid will be turned back to described jar.
2. the system as claimed in claim 1 also comprises:
The refrigerant managing container, it is communicated with described condensing unit and described main heat exchanger fluid, and between them, it comprises:
The import connecting portion, it receives the cold-producing medium from described condensing unit and described main heat exchanger;
The first outlet connecting portion, it is to described main heat exchanger supply cold-producing medium; With,
The second outlet connecting portion, it is to described condensing unit supply cold-producing medium.
3. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said bloating plant is a thermal expansion valve.
4. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said bloating plant is a mixed-phase regulator.
5. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fluid is an eutectic material.
6. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fluid is a water.
7. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first cold-producing medium is and the different material of described second cold-producing medium.
8. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said load heat exchanger is at least one small-sized split type evaporimeter.
9. thermal energy storage and cooling system based on a cold-producing medium comprise:
Comprise first refrigerant loop of first cold-producing medium, comprising:
Condensing unit, described condensing unit comprise the compressor and first condenser;
Bloating plant, it is connected to the downstream of described condensing unit; With,
First evaporimeter, it is on the major side edges of the isolation heat exchanger that is positioned at described bloating plant downstream;
Comprise second refrigerant loop of second cold-producing medium, comprising:
Second condenser, it is on the secondary side of described isolation heat exchanger;
Jar, it is equipped with fluid that can phase transformation between liquid and solid and wherein comprises main heat exchanger, described main heat exchanger is communicated with the described second condenser fluid, and it is used to come from described second cold-producing medium of described second condenser at least a portion of the described fluid in cooling fluid and the freezing described jar;
Load heat exchanger, its connect into described jar in described fluid communication, its cooling capacity with described fluid is delivered to heat load; With,
Pump, it is used for the described fluid from described jar is assigned to described load heat exchanger.
10. system as claimed in claim 9 also comprises:
The refrigerant managing container, it connects into reception and supplies described second cold-producing medium from described second cold-producing medium of described isolation heat exchanger and to described main heat exchanger, and reception is supplied described second cold-producing medium from described second cold-producing medium of described main heat exchanger and to described isolation heat exchanger.
11. system as claimed in claim 9, wherein said bloating plant is a thermal expansion valve.
12. system as claimed in claim 9, wherein said bloating plant is a mixed-phase regulator.
13. system as claimed in claim 9, wherein said fluid is an eutectic material.
14. system as claimed in claim 9, wherein said fluid is a water.
15. system as claimed in claim 9, wherein said first cold-producing medium is and the different material of described second cold-producing medium.
16. system as claimed in claim 9, wherein said load heat exchanger is at least one small-sized split type evaporimeter.
17. system as claimed in claim 9 also comprises:
The bypass refrigerant loop, it allows described first cold-producing medium to walk around described main heat exchanger and the described fluid to described jar of downstream directly provides cooling, and transmits cooling to described heat load.
18. thermal energy storage and cooling system based on a cold-producing medium comprise:
Comprise first refrigerant loop of first cold-producing medium, comprising:
Condensing unit, described condensing unit comprises compressor and condenser;
Bloating plant, it is connected to the downstream of described condensing unit; With,
Main heat exchanger, it plays evaporimeter and is positioned at the jar that fluid is housed, this fluid can phase transformation between liquid and solid, described main heat exchanger helps conducting the heat from described first cold-producing medium of described condenser, to cool off at least a portion of described fluid and freezing described jar of interior described fluid;
Comprise cooling circuit, comprising from the described fluid of described jar:
Intermediate heat exchanger, it is connected on described jar, and its cooling capacity with described fluid is delivered to the major side edges of described intermediate heat exchanger;
Pump, it will be assigned to described centre (load) heat exchanger from described jar described fluid and described fluid will be turned back to described jar;
Comprise second refrigerant loop of second cold-producing medium, comprising:
Load heat exchanger, it connects into the secondary side fluid of described intermediate heat exchanger and is communicated with, and its cooling capacity with described second cold-producing medium is delivered to heat load; With,
Refrigerated medium pump, it is used for described second cold-producing medium from described intermediate heat exchanger is assigned to described load heat exchanger and turns back to described intermediate heat exchanger.
19. system as claimed in claim 18, wherein said bloating plant is a thermal expansion valve.
20. system as claimed in claim 18, wherein said bloating plant is a mixed-phase regulator.
21. system as claimed in claim 18, wherein said fluid is an eutectic material.
22. system as claimed in claim 18, wherein said fluid is a water.
23. system as claimed in claim 18, wherein said first cold-producing medium is and the different material of described second cold-producing medium.
24. system as claimed in claim 18, wherein said load heat exchanger is at least one small-sized split type evaporimeter.
25. system as claimed in claim 18, wherein said second cold-producing medium remains liquid.
26. system as claimed in claim 18 also comprises:
The refrigerant managing container, it connects into reception and supplies described second cold-producing medium from described second cold-producing medium of described isolation heat exchanger and to described main heat exchanger, and reception is supplied described second cold-producing medium from described second cold-producing medium of described main heat exchanger and to described isolation heat exchanger.
27. system as claimed in claim 18 also comprises:
The bypass refrigerant loop, it allows described first cold-producing medium to walk around described main heat exchanger and the described fluid to described jar of downstream directly provides cooling, and to described intermediate heat exchanger transmission cooling.
28. a method that provides cooling with thermal energy storage and cooling system based on cold-producing medium, it comprises step:
Provide cooling for described main heat exchanger by the high-pressure refrigerant of evaporation in the main heat exchanger, this main heat exchanger is limited in comprising in the jar of fluid, and this fluid can phase transformation between liquid and solid;
The part of freezing described fluid and forming in described jar is iced;
The liquid of described fluid partly is sent to load heat exchanger;
Partly be delivered to described load heat exchanger so that the load cooling to be provided with cooling off from the described liquid of described fluid;
The liquid of described fluid is partly turned back to described jar; With,
Utilize described jar of interior described ice to cool off the described liquid part of described fluid.
29. method as claimed in claim 28 also comprises step:
The volume of managing described first cold-producing medium with the refrigerant managing container and thing mutually, described refrigerant managing container is communicated with described main heat exchanger and described condenser fluid.
30. a method that provides cooling with thermal energy storage and cooling system based on cold-producing medium, it comprises step:
Come described first evaporimeter on the major side edges of isolating heat exchanger that cooling is provided by the high-pressure refrigerant that evaporates in first evaporimeter;
Secondary side by described isolation heat exchanger is to the cooling of the second refrigerant loop transmission of holding second cold-producing medium from the described major side edges of described isolation heat exchanger;
Provide cooling with described second refrigerant loop to the main heat exchanger in being limited in jar, this jar comprise can phase transformation between liquid and solid fluid;
The part of freezing described fluid and forming in described jar is iced;
The liquid of described fluid partly is transported to load heat exchanger;
So that being provided, load cools off to described load heat exchanger transmission cooling from the described liquid part of described fluid;
The described liquid of described fluid is partly turned back to described jar; With,
Cool off the described liquid part of described fluid with described jar of interior described ice.
31. method as claimed in claim 30 also comprises step:
The volume of managing described second cold-producing medium with the refrigerant managing container and thing mutually, described refrigerant managing container is communicated with described isolation heat exchanger and described main heat exchanger fluid.
32. method as claimed in claim 30 also comprises step:
Walk around described main heat exchanger with described main refrigerant; Described fluid to described jar of downstream is carried described main refrigerant; With,
To described intermediate heat exchanger transmission cooling.
33. a method that provides cooling with thermal energy storage and cooling system based on cold-producing medium, it comprises step:
Provide cooling for described main heat exchanger by the high-pressure refrigerant of evaporation in the main heat exchanger, it is limited in comprising in the jar of fluid, and this fluid can phase transformation between liquid and solid;
The part of freezing described fluid and forming in described jar is iced;
The liquid of described fluid partly is sent to the major side edges of intermediate heat exchanger;
Cooling is delivered to second refrigerant loop that comprises second cold-producing medium from the described major side edges of the described intermediate heat exchanger secondary side by described intermediate heat exchanger;
The described liquid of described fluid is partly turned back to described jar;
Cool off the described liquid part of described fluid with described jar of interior described ice;
Described second cold-producing medium is sent to load heat exchanger;
To be delivered to load heat exchanger from the cooling of described second cold-producing medium so that the load cooling to be provided;
Described second cold-producing medium is turned back to the described secondary side of described intermediate heat exchanger; With,
Utilize the described major side edges of described intermediate heat exchanger to cool off described second cold-producing medium.
34. method as claimed in claim 33 also comprises step:
The volume of managing described first cold-producing medium with the refrigerant managing container and thing mutually, described refrigerant managing container is communicated with described main heat exchanger and described condenser fluid.
35. method as claimed in claim 33 also comprises step:
With isolating heat exchanger described main heat exchanger is isolated from described condensing unit, this isolation heat exchanger back and forth is transmitted to described main heat exchanger and described condensing unit with heat.
36. method as claimed in claim 33 also comprises step:
At whole described second refrigerant loop described second cold-producing medium is remained liquid phase.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US82203406P | 2006-08-10 | 2006-08-10 | |
| US60/822,034 | 2006-08-10 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101517323A true CN101517323A (en) | 2009-08-26 |
Family
ID=38669885
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA200780034981XA Pending CN101517323A (en) | 2006-08-10 | 2007-08-10 | Thermal energy storage and cooling system with isolated external melt cooling |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20080034760A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101517323A (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2009001564A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2008022039A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MX2009001564A (en) | 2010-01-18 |
| WO2008022039A1 (en) | 2008-02-21 |
| US20080034760A1 (en) | 2008-02-14 |
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