CN101508434A - Process for producing active carbon for decolorization - Google Patents
Process for producing active carbon for decolorization Download PDFInfo
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- CN101508434A CN101508434A CNA200910080980XA CN200910080980A CN101508434A CN 101508434 A CN101508434 A CN 101508434A CN A200910080980X A CNA200910080980X A CN A200910080980XA CN 200910080980 A CN200910080980 A CN 200910080980A CN 101508434 A CN101508434 A CN 101508434A
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- active carbon
- gac
- tobacco rod
- tobacco rods
- charing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing active carbon for decolorization. The method for preparing the active carbon comprises the following steps: 1) crushing tobacco rods, and performing press forming and drying on the crushed tobacco rods; 2) carbonizing the tobacco rods subjected to crushing, press forming and drying to obtain carbonized products; and 3) physically activating the carbonized products to obtain the active carbon. The active carbon prepared by the method has good adsorptivity and low content of harmful substances, and can be used for the decolorization of chemical products, foods and medicaments because various indexes of the active carbon accord with the national standard. In addition, the method utilizes the tobacco rods as a raw material, solves the problems of resource waste and environmental pollution due to the fact that the tobacco rods are discarded and burnt, and is of great significance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of active carbon for decolorization.
Background technology
Gac is to begin to form suitability for industrialized production earlier 1900s.Gac obtains widely applying as military protective agent in the World War I, thereby has promoted the formation of gac industrial-scale production.After the World War II, particularly beginning fast-developing nineteen sixties from world economy begins, have abundant pore texture, huge specific surface area, good chemical stability, stronger absorption property and a carbon material adsorbing material of abrasive wear resistance as a kind of, gac begins to be widely used in nearly all the modern industrial sector, and its industrial scale, production technique, raw materials for production have all had very big development.After entering the 1980s, along with people's quality of life improve constantly and countries in the world to the pay attention to day by day of environmental quality and sustainable development, gac also increases year by year in the application in environmental protection and field such as civilian.According to the next statistics of recent two decades, world's gac gross annual output amount was about 380,000 tons in 1988, reached about 500,000 tons in 1994, gross annual output amount in 1998 has reached 700,000 tons, and statistic data in 2007 shows, the gross annual output amount of whole world gac surpasses 900,000 tons, estimates that the rate of growth of the gross annual output amount of gac will remain on 3～5% in considerable time from now on.Impel the major cause that the gac industry constantly develops to have two: 1) the continuous expansion in new activated carbon application field; 2) the interior pay attention to day by day of world wide to environment protection and sustainable development idea.Therefore, can think that be applied as main industry as a kind of with the environmental protection field, the gac industrial expansion is just in the ascendant.
No matter in which Application Areas, Application of Brand Active Carbon all can be divided into liquid phase and use and gentlely use mutually.Liquid phase is used and is mainly comprised drinking water deep purification, wastewater treatment, precious metal recovery and decolouring etc.The field of market capacity maximum was a water treatment field during liquid phase was used, and comprised urban drinking water purification, household drinking water deep purifying and all types of industries and sanitary wastewater improvement.According to statistics, in the annual at present about 900,000 tons activated carbon application amount in the whole world, the gac total amount that is used for water treatment field accounts for 550,000 tons, surpasses 60%.
It is reported, domestic existing 700,000,000 people of China drink the water that does not meet drinking water standard that contains bacterium, people's drinking-water quality of 24% is bad, people's existence and health in this serious harm, and gac in the water trace organism, as tensio-active agent, phenols, amine etc. have good removal effect, water quality is purified, therefore very big in China's urban drinking water field application market.At present, big cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Hangzhou, Kunming, Shenyang, Harbin are used for about 70,000 tons of the present annual requirement of gac of city tap-water deep purifying.China has increasing city Urban water supply under construction factory, prepares to adopt active carbon from coal that deep purifying is carried out in Urban water supply and handles.Therefore purifying required gac in China's domestic city water supply coming years will increase considerably, and expect China's Urban water supply in 2010 and need about 150,000 tons of active carbon from coal.
According to " gross contamination emission control plan " that country works out, China controls total amount of sewage discharge with strictness, and the industrial sewage processing rate will reach more than 90% before 2010.Gac can be widely used in the high concentration chrome wastewater of handling Electroplate Factory, the phenol-containing wastewater of coke-oven plant, the dyeing waste of woollen mill, the oily(waste)water in chemical plant, the poison sewage of insecticide factory etc., therefore the industrial sewage processing will increase substantially with the gac demand in the coming years, expecting industrial sewage in 2010 handles with about 80,000 tons of gac annual requirement, wherein the present sewage disposal gac annual consumption in area, Guangdong is about 10,000 tons, will reach more than 20,000 tons in 2010.Compare with the traditional sewage water treatment method that adopts the high-density settling tank, the sewage treatment process that adds powdered carbon (PAC) in precipitation process is mainly used following advantage: 1) PAC drops into before flocculation, pollutent in the water (organism) is adsorbed, thereby be the condition of the breeding creation formation biological activated carbon (BAC) of microorganism.By the mud backflow that contains BAC the ammonia nitrogen material in the water is removed, this is undoubtedly a good methods for the phenomenon that present surface pond ammonia nitrogen exceeds standard; 2) another characteristics of BAC mud are little close, and higher precipitation and dehydration are easier with its curing ratio.Because the organic content in the mud significantly increases, the fertilizer efficiency of mud is increased.Therefore, the sewage treatment process that adds PAC is when improving drainage index, can realize simple and reliable recycling sludge utilization and disposal options simultaneously, make that the final residuum problem of mud is really solved: wherein moisture and organism are reentered physical environment; And mud contains abundant trace element, and the structure of can improving the soil increases soil fertility, promotes the growth of plant.
The raw material of producing gac is a lot.Theoretically, nearly all carbonaceous material takes suitable technology all can be used for the production of gac.In fact, the production of gac still is subjected to raw material sources, all multifactor restrictions such as existing state of the art, production cost and economic benefit.Divide from making raw material at present, gac mainly is divided into four classes: i.e. active carbon from coal, wood activated charcoal, active fruit shell carbon and composite reactive charcoal.The gac that different material is produced generally has different character, and is therefore more and more stricter to the performance requriements of gac along with the continuous expansion in activated carbon application field, and develops new Activated Carbon Production raw material, is one of ways of addressing this issue.Because coal feedstock has characteristics such as wide material sources, various in style, low price, production are simple, after nineteen forties begins to enter suitability for industrialized production, active carbon from coal proportion in world's gac total amount is increasing, surpass 65% at present, and along with the continuous development of novel process, new technology, its shared proportion is estimated and will constantly be risen.The kind of active carbon from coal is varied, but owing to itself foreign matter content complexity, and be difficult to remove, therefore be restricted in many Application Areass.Wood material is compared with coal feedstock, though raw material sources are restricted, but excellent property on foreign matter content, with it is that the wood activated charcoal of raw material production almost can be applied to all activated carbon application fields, especially the processing of the decolorizing and refining field that is difficult to be suitable for as active carbon from coal such as food, medicines, and reusing sewage waits some water field of purification.
Tobacco rod theoretically, can be used as one of raw materials for production of gac as a kind of wood material, but does not still have business-like with the report of tobacco rod as the raw material production gac at present in the world.The Nanxiong, Guangdong is the township of tobacco from ancient times, long tobacco planting history is arranged, tobacco leaf planting is well-known throughout the country, it also is the main source of Nanxiong and surrounding area fiscal revenue always, after the annual harvesting tobacco leaf, tens thousand of tons of tobacco rods are thrown aside field or burnt as conventional fuel but for a long time,, both having caused environmental problem, also is the waste to resource.Therefore, exploitation is the novel process of raw material production wood activated charcoal with the tobacco rod, and is significant.
Summary of the invention
The preparation method who the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of active carbon for decolorization.
Preparation method of active carbon provided by the invention comprises the steps:
1) with tobacco rod fragmentation, compression moulding, drying;
2) tobacco rod that will finish step 1) carries out charing, obtains carbonizing production;
3) described carbonizing production is carried out physically activated, obtain gac.
Described step 2) in, the finishing temperature of described charing can be 500-700 ℃, time and can be 60-70min.The finishing temperature of described charing specifically can be 700 ℃, time and specifically can be 60min.
In the described step 3), described physically activated in, activation temperature can be 700-900 ℃, time and can be 20-40min.Described physically activated in, activation temperature specifically can be 800 ℃, the time specifically can be 30min.
Described tobacco rod specifically can be the tobacco tobacco rod.
In the described step 1), the tobacco rod particle grain size after the fragmentation can be 4～8 orders.
The gac that described method prepares also belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention utilizes tobacco rod to be main raw material, adopts suitable production technique, has produced well behaved gac.The charcoal absorption that utilizes method of the present invention to prepare is functional, and every index all meets national standard, can be used for the decolouring of Chemicals, food, medicine.And the present invention utilizes tobacco rod as raw material, has solved the wasting of resources and problem of environmental pollution that tobacco rod is thrown aside and caused by burning, is significant.
Embodiment
Following embodiment is convenient to understand better the present invention, but does not limit the present invention.Experimental technique among the following embodiment if no special instructions, is ordinary method.Used test materials among the following embodiment if no special instructions, is to buy from routine biochemistry reagent shop and obtains.
Tobacco rod (Nanxiong Qingsong Environmental Protection Material Co., Ltd) is carried out technical analysis, and (standard No.: GB/T212-2001), the technical analysis of tobacco rod the results are shown in Table 1.
The technical analysis result of table 1 tobacco rod sample
The result shows: as the raw material of producing gac, the ash content of tobacco rod is less than 4%, belong to the lower wood material of foreign matter content, but its volatile content is high, the finished product ash content of producing after charing and activation will be above 15%, if be used for the decolorizing and refining of food or medicine, then its ash content need take measures further to reduce, preferably reduce to below 1% the decolouring wood activated charcoal product that can produce excellent property, have the market competitiveness.
Major equipment used among the embodiment sees Table 2.
The tabulation of table 2 major equipment
The Performance Detection project of the gac for preparing detects by CNS carries out, and specific as follows: the mensuration of gac moisture, standard No. are GB/T7702.1-1997; The mensuration of ash of active carbon, standard No. are GB/T7702.15-1997; The mensuration of iodine sorption value, standard No. are GB/T7702.7-1997; The mensuration of methylenum coeruleum adsorptive value, standard No. are GB/T7702.6-1997; The mensuration of specific surface area, standard No. are GB/T7702.21-1997; The mensuration of bulk density, standard No. are GB/T7702.6-1997.
In following examples, each embodiment all is provided with revision test three times, and detected result is averaged.
Embodiment 1, utilize tobacco rod to produce decoloration active carbon
1,1000g tobacco rod sample being crushed to particle diameter is 4～8 orders.
2, with the tobacco rod compression moulding after the fragmentation.
3, the tobacco rod after the moulding is carried out drying.
4, dried tobacco rod is carried out charing, the whole temperature of charing is 600 ℃, and carbonization time is 70min, obtains carbonizing production.Calculate the performance index (standard No.: GB/T212-2001), the results are shown in Table 3 of charing yield (charing yield=carbonizing production quality/tobacco rod sample quality * 100%) and carbonizing production.
5, carbonizing production is activated, activation temperature is 900 ℃, and soak time is 20min, obtains gac.The performance index of calculated activity charcoal yield (gac yield=quality of activated carbon/carbonizing production quality * 100% ") and gac.The results are shown in Table 4.
Embodiment 2, utilize tobacco rod to produce decoloration active carbon
1, with the step 1 of embodiment 1.
2, with the step 2 of embodiment 1.
3, with the step 3 of embodiment 1.
4, dried tobacco rod particle is carried out charing, the whole temperature of charing is 500 ℃, and carbonization time is 60min, obtains carbonizing production.Calculate the performance index of charing yield and carbonizing production, the results are shown in Table 3.
5, carbonizing production is activated, activation temperature is 800 ℃, and soak time is 30min, obtains gac.The performance index of calculated activity charcoal yield and gac.The results are shown in Table 4.
Embodiment 3, utilize tobacco rod to produce decoloration active carbon
1, with the step 1 of embodiment 1.
2, with the step 2 of embodiment 1.
3, with the step 3 of embodiment 1.
4, dried tobacco rod particle is carried out charing, the whole temperature of charing is 700 ℃, and carbonization time is 60min, obtains carbonizing production.Calculate the performance index of charing yield and carbonizing production, the results are shown in Table 3.
5, carbonizing production is activated, activation temperature is 700 ℃, and soak time is 40min, obtains gac.The performance index of calculated activity charcoal yield and gac.The results are shown in Table 4.
Table 3 carbonizing production performance test results
Table 4 decoloration active carbon performance test results
From the result of table 3 as can be seen, only carbonization temperature is 700 ℃, and suitable carbonization time is 60 minutes.From the result of table 4 as can be seen, suitable activating process condition is 800 ℃ of activation temperatures, soak time 30 minutes, increase soak time, its adsorptive power does not rise counter falling, show that because the raw material activity is fine after soak time prolonged, macropore began to increase in the product, thereby cause its adsorptive power to reduce, this reduction from its intensity also can draw this conclusion indirectly.The result shows: the tobacco tobacco rod with the Nanxiong is a raw material, and the shaped granule activated carbon product of producing through charing and activation again after the moulding: adsorptive power is good; Intensity meets the requirements; Specific surface area analysis shows, the prosperity of sample mesopore is suitable for decolouring and handles very much.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of preparation method of active carbon comprises the steps:
1) with tobacco rod fragmentation, compression moulding, drying;
2) tobacco rod that will finish step 1) carries out charing, obtains carbonizing production;
3) described carbonizing production is carried out physically activated, obtain gac.
2, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: step 2) in, the finishing temperature of described charing is that 500-700 ℃, time are 60-70min.
3, method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the finishing temperature of described charing is that 700 ℃, time are 60min.
4, as arbitrary described method in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: in the step 3), described physically activated in, activation temperature is that 700-900 ℃, time are 20-40min.
5, method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described physically activated temperature is that 800 ℃, time are 30min.
6, as the described method of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: described tobacco rod is the tobacco tobacco rod.
7, the gac that arbitrary described method prepares in the claim 1 to 6.
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| CNA200910080980XA CN101508434A (en) | 2009-03-31 | 2009-03-31 | Process for producing active carbon for decolorization |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014077714A1 (en) | 2012-11-16 | 2014-05-22 | Politechnika Poznańska | Production of activated carbon from tobacco leaves by simultaneous carbonization and self-activation and the activated carbon thus obtained |
| CN105146754A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-12-16 | 中烟施伟策（云南）再造烟叶有限公司 | Method for preparing activated carbon cigarette filter stick from tobacco straw |
| US20160174605A1 (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-06-23 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Tobacco-derived carbon material |
| CN106904591A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-06-30 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | A kind of preparation method and application of step hole tobacco rod carbon |
| CN107055506A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-08-18 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | A kind of preparation method and application of additives of filter tip |
| CN107117594A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-09-01 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | The preparation method and application of high porosity step hole carbon material cigarette filter-tip additive agent |
| CN111704190A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-09-25 | 南通大学 | Treatment method for decoloring biomass gasification tar wastewater |
-
2009
- 2009-03-31 CN CNA200910080980XA patent/CN101508434A/en active Pending
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014077714A1 (en) | 2012-11-16 | 2014-05-22 | Politechnika Poznańska | Production of activated carbon from tobacco leaves by simultaneous carbonization and self-activation and the activated carbon thus obtained |
| US20160174605A1 (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-06-23 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Tobacco-derived carbon material |
| WO2016106103A1 (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-06-30 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Tobacco-derived carbon material |
| US11219244B2 (en) | 2014-12-22 | 2022-01-11 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Tobacco-derived carbon material |
| CN105146754A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-12-16 | 中烟施伟策（云南）再造烟叶有限公司 | Method for preparing activated carbon cigarette filter stick from tobacco straw |
| CN105146754B (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2019-03-19 | 中烟施伟策（云南）再造烟叶有限公司 | A method of cigarette filter rod containing active carbon is prepared with tabacco straw |
| CN106904591A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-06-30 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | A kind of preparation method and application of step hole tobacco rod carbon |
| CN107055506A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-08-18 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | A kind of preparation method and application of additives of filter tip |
| CN107117594A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-09-01 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | The preparation method and application of high porosity step hole carbon material cigarette filter-tip additive agent |
| CN106904591B (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2019-01-08 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | A kind of preparation method and application of step hole tobacco rod carbon |
| CN107055506B (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2019-03-01 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | A kind of preparation method and application of additives of filter tip |
| CN111704190A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-09-25 | 南通大学 | Treatment method for decoloring biomass gasification tar wastewater |
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