CN101505424B - An entropy decoding bit parsing method, an entropy decoder, and a video decoding chip - Google Patents

An entropy decoding bit parsing method, an entropy decoder, and a video decoding chip Download PDF

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CN101505424B
CN101505424B CN 200910076817 CN200910076817A CN101505424B CN 101505424 B CN101505424 B CN 101505424B CN 200910076817 CN200910076817 CN 200910076817 CN 200910076817 A CN200910076817 A CN 200910076817A CN 101505424 B CN101505424 B CN 101505424B
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buffer
data
bit
entropy decoding
bits
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CN101505424A (en
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季鹏飞
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Wuxi Zhonggan Microelectronics Co Ltd
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Wuxi Vimicro Corp
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for analyzing entropy decoding bits of a video code stream, which comprises the following steps: determining the bit digit N required to be read by the current entropy decoding according to the video code stream, wherein N is less than or equal to a threshold value M; reading N bit data required by the current entropy decoding from a first buffer to perform the entropy decoding; moving the residual data in the first buffer forwards to a starting position, and filling the data in a second buffer in idle bits of the first buffer to ensure that the first buffer is fully loaded; and when a preset condition is satisfied, reading the data of an external video code stream to the second buffer, wherein the storage spaces of the first buffer and the second buffer are more than or equal to M bits. The method ensures that the buffer (a) (namely the first buffer) is fully loaded to read the bit data so that the operations for determining whether the residual data in the buffer (a) is more than or equal to N can be notably reduced, thus the reading efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

A kind of entropy decoded bits analytic method and a kind of entropy decoder, video decoding chip
Technical field
The present invention relates to terminal video decode technical field, particularly relate to a kind of entropy decoded bits analytic method of video code flow and a kind of entropy decoder, video decoding chip.
Background technology
Along with the development of science and technology, the digital mobile multimedia is increasingly extensive to be used by popular.The digital mobile multimedia provides digital audio/video and information service by the radiated television nerve of a covering to various portable terminals, and its end product kind comprises that mainly MP4, mobile phone, GPS, USB receive rod, independent receivers etc.The prerequisite of the links such as digital information transmission, storage, broadcast is the digital audio/video encoding and decoding technique, that is, the digital audio/video encoding and decoding technique is the general character basic standard of digital audio/video industry.Digital audio/video encoding and decoding standard about the audio frequency and video industry mainly contains at present: MPEG-2 (MovingPictures Experts Group, dynamic image expert group), MPEG-4, H.264/AVC (hereinafter to be referred as H.264), AVS (Audio and Video coding Standard, the latest digital audio/video encoding/decoding technical standard of Chinese independent intellectual property right) etc.
In above-mentioned encoding and decoding standard, for video decoding process, generally can comprise VLD (entropy decoding), conversion (comprising counter-scanning, inverse quantization, anti-cosine transform), infra-frame prediction or the steps such as inter prediction and loop filtering.
For example, with reference to Fig. 1, show decode procedure H.264.At first, decode by entropy institute's receiver, video code stream is carried out the bit parsing, then obtain the predicted picture piece by infra-frame prediction or inter prediction on the one hand, obtain the residual block of arranging by the locus, the residual block that obtains reconstruct by inverse quantization, anti-cosine transform (anti-DCT) by counter-scanning on the other hand, then according to described predicted picture piece and residual block, obtain the image block of reconstruct through loop filtering; Last again according to the combination of these macro blocks and sub-block, obtain reconstructed image, thereby complete whole video decoding process.
Wherein, the entropy decode operation is that the bit (bit) for video code flow carries out, thus need in entropy decoding implementation a kind of to bit read, the mechanism of refresh operation.Prior art generally can adopt the buffer (buffering) of two integer variables, thereby obtains purpose to video code flow bit operation by the operations such as reading, skip to these two variablees.For existing video code flow, the required bit figure place that reads of each entropy decoding can be greater than 32, therefore, prior art adopts the buffer (with reference to Fig. 2) of two 32 usually, the video code flow that receives first is buffered in these two buffer, reads from buffer during the entropy decode operation again.
Concrete, with reference to Fig. 2, existing entropy decoded bits resolving generally can comprise the following steps:
Step a, determine according to video code flow the bit figure place N that current entropy decoding need to read;
Step b, judge in buffer (a), whether current stored data b it number is greater than or equal to N (namely whether enough required);
If during step c is buffer (a), current stored data satisfy this and read requiredly, directly read, can obtain the required data of current entropy decoding; Then enter the bit parse operation of entropy decoding next time;
If steps d is inadequate, first read current stored data in buffer (a), then read a part of bit in buffer (b), will both splice the bit data that obtain the N position, thereby obtain the required data of current entropy decoding;
Step e, when the data in buffer (b) are discontented, the data in buffer (b) are transferred in buffer (a), and are received the new data of code stream, be filled with buffer (a) and buffer (b).Be that prior art is fully loaded with all the time by guaranteeing the data in buffer (b), thereby satisfy the needs that the bit data are read in entropy decoding each time.
But in actual applications, the present inventor finds above-mentioned data read process, has some defectives:
At first, during the each reading out data of entropy decoding (carrying out the bit parse operation), all need to make a decision operation, and for Modern microprocessor, making a decision is an operation more consuming time, can destroys pile line operation, seriously reduce the efficient of entropy decoding.
Secondly, when in buffer (a), remaining data b it number is less than N, needing to carry out the concatenation of data in two buffer, is also a factor consuming time.
In a word, need the urgent technical problem that solves of those skilled in the art to be exactly: how can improve the efficient that in the entropy decode procedure, bit is resolved.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of entropy decoding method of video code flow, it can reduce the computational burden of microprocessor, the bit (bit) that improves in the entropy decode procedure is resolved the efficient of read operation, and then improves the efficient of whole entropy decode procedure.
Accordingly, the present invention also provides the video decoding chip of a kind of entropy decoder and a kind of this entropy decoder of application, has higher entropy decoding efficiency.
In order to address the above problem, the invention discloses a kind of entropy decoded bits analytic method of video code flow, comprising: determine according to video code flow the number of bits N that current entropy decoding need to read; N is less than or equal to threshold value M; Read the required N Bit data of current entropy decoding from the first buffer, carry out the entropy decoding; Remaining data in the first buffer are moved forward to original position, and with the idle bit position of the data stuffing in the second buffer to the first buffer, fully loaded to guarantee the first buffer; When satisfying prerequisite, read external video bit stream data to the second buffer; Wherein, the memory space of described the first buffer, the second buffer is more than or equal to the M bit;
Described prerequisite is that the second buffer is for empty.
Preferably, the memory space of described the first buffer and the second buffer is 32 bits; Perhaps, the memory space of described the first buffer and the second buffer is 64 bits.
Preferably, described entropy decoding is applied to H.264 decode procedure.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, a kind of entropy decoder is also disclosed, can comprise:
Arithmetic element is used for according to the required N Bit data of current entropy decoding that reads, and carries out the entropy decoding; N is less than or equal to threshold value M;
The first buffer and the second buffer, for the data of buffer memory external video code stream, the memory space of described the first buffer, the second buffer is more than or equal to the M bit;
The bit resolution unit, described bit resolution unit further comprises:
The number of bits determination module is used for determining according to video code flow the number of bits N that current entropy decoding need to read;
Read module is used for reading the required N Bit data of current entropy decoding from the first buffer, sends arithmetic element to;
Mobile module is used for the first remaining data of buffer are moved forward to original position, and with the idle bit position of the data stuffing in the second buffer to the first buffer, fully loaded to guarantee the first buffer;
Update module is used for reading external video bit stream data to the second buffer when satisfying prerequisite;
Described prerequisite is that the second buffer is for empty.
Preferably, the memory space of described the first buffer and the second buffer is 32 bits; Perhaps, the memory space of described the first buffer and the second buffer is 64 bits.
Preferably, described entropy decoder is applied to H.264 decode procedure.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, a kind of video decoding chip is also disclosed, comprise entropy decoder, in frame or the inter prediction parts, the counter-scanning parts, the inverse quantization parts, anti-cosine transform parts and Image Reconstruction parts, wherein, described entropy decoder comprises:
Arithmetic element is used for according to the required N Bit data of current entropy decoding that reads, and carries out the entropy decoding; N is less than or equal to threshold value M;
The first buffer and the second buffer, for the data of buffer memory external video code stream, the memory space of described the first buffer, the second buffer is more than or equal to the M bit;
The bit resolution unit, described bit resolution unit further comprises:
The bit determination module is used for determining according to video code flow the number of bits N that current entropy decoding need to read;
Read module is used for reading the required N Bit data of current entropy decoding from the first buffer, sends arithmetic element to;
Mobile module is used for the first remaining data of buffer are moved forward to original position, and with the idle bit position of the data stuffing in the second buffer to the first buffer, fully loaded to guarantee the first buffer;
Update module is used for reading external video bit stream data to the second buffer when satisfying prerequisite;
Described prerequisite is that the second buffer is for empty.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
The present invention reads in process at video code flow, the same mode that adopts two buffer, but the present invention adopts the fully loaded method of buffer (a) (being first buffer) that guarantees, carry out reading of bit data, and do not adopt prior art to guarantee the fully loaded mode of buffer (b) (i.e. second buffer).Simple analysis just can be found out, the present invention can significantly reduce judge remaining data in buffer (a) whether more than or equal to the operation of N (because N is always less than 32, and first buffer of the present invention is fully loaded with all the time), thus reading efficiency can greatly be improved.
Secondly, adopt the present invention, all the time to satisfy entropy decoded bits parse operation required due to stored data in the first buffer, so can avoid occurring the concatenation of two buffer in reading process, also can improve to a certain extent the efficient of entropy decoding.
Moreover, development along with technology, 64 bit processors and 64 buses have appearred at present, can one-period be written into 64 bits (and former microprocessor bus is 32, even the buffer of 64 is set, reading the 64bit data also needs two cycles), therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, introduced the integer variable of 64, namely buffer (a) and buffer (b) are 64.Like this, bit data in buffer (a) are full load not, just need to read the foreign key flow data to buffer (a) and (b), and the memory space of buffer (a) is the twice of prior art, (for example read the number of times of foreign key flow data in the buffer thereby can significantly reduce, be half of 32 buffer), further improve the efficient of entropy decoding.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a kind of video decoding process of prior art;
Fig. 2 is a kind of entropy decoding of prior art buffer structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of steps of the entropy decoding method of a kind of video code flow of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structured flowchart of a kind of entropy decoder for decode video data of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of a kind of entropy decoding buffer in embodiment illustrated in fig. 4.
Embodiment
For above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent more, the present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
core concept of the present invention is: because the bit parse operation of entropy decoding is generally all carried out for the first buffer, so the present invention adopts certain measure to guarantee that in the first buffer, stored data are fully loaded with all the time, and the data that the each bit parse operation of entropy decoding reads (for example can not surpass certain threshold value, 32), stored data in the time of namely can not being fully loaded with over the first buffer, therefore after using the present invention, with regard to there is no need, whether stored data in the first buffer are satisfied required and judged before reading out data, namely saved decision operation, improved the efficient of entropy decoded bits parse operation.
With reference to Fig. 3, show a kind of entropy decoding method embodiment for video code flow of the present invention, specifically can comprise the following steps:
Step 301, determine according to video code flow the number of bits N that current entropy decoding need to read; N is less than or equal to threshold value M;
For the different piece of video code flow (for example, data head and packet, and different packet etc.), the required data volume that reads of bit parse operation of each entropy decoding can be not identical yet, but under prior art, can be over 32.So, threshold value M of the present invention just can value 32 bits.The memory space of the first buffer of the present invention and the second buffer need to greater than, perhaps equal at least threshold value M (for example, 32 bits), so the enough bit parse operation of stored data in guarantee the first buffer.
Certainly, if technical conditions have developed, for example, the data volume that at every turn reads can not surpass 64, and threshold value M of the present invention can value be also 64 bits.
Step 302, read the required N Bit data of current entropy decoding from the first buffer, carry out the entropy decoding;
Step 303, remaining data in the first buffer are moved forward to original position, and with the idle bit position of the data stuffing in the second buffer to the first buffer, fully loaded to guarantee the first buffer;
Step 304, when satisfying prerequisite, read external video bit stream data to the second buffer;
Wherein, the memory space of described the first buffer, the second buffer is more than or equal to the M bit.
One of core of the present invention just is how to guarantee that in the first buffer, stored data are fully loaded with all the time, and step 303 is exactly important measures.After every secondary data reads, the position that is read in the first buffer will be available (can be capped in other words), remaining data in the first buffer are moved forward to the original position of the first buffer, and with the idle bit position of the data stuffing in the second buffer to the first buffer.Like this, can guarantee that next read operation still operates since the original position of the first buffer, and due to a part of data filling in the second buffer has been suffered to the first buffer, also have data in the second buffer thereby need only, just can guarantee that the first buffer is fully loaded with all the time.
But the carrying out along with read operation, data in the second buffer are constantly moved in the first buffer, idle bit position in the second buffer is more and more, does not have data for moving, just may cause the first buffer the situation of undercapacity may occur in the second buffer.A plain mode that addresses this problem is exactly, and after each bit parse operation, just reads the data of external video code stream in the second buffer, guarantees that always the second buffer is also fully loaded.Certainly, this mode may have than the number of times of reading external data more frequently.
For above-mentioned situation, in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, provide a better solution: when there is no data (being all empty) in the second buffer, read external video bit stream data to the second buffer.
Guaranteeing the first buffer due to one of core of the present invention is to be fully loaded with, and that is to say, can allow the second buffer to have certain idle bit position, there is no need at every turn all reading external data and comes in.As long as when the second buffer is sky, then read external video bit stream data to the second buffer, fill up the second buffer and get final product.Above-mentioned corrective measure can improve the efficient that bit is resolved read operation.Such scheme can reduce the number of times of reading external data operation on the one hand, on the other hand, because being all carries out read operation for whole the second buffer for sky at every turn, namely each data (capacity of the second buffer) that only need read fixed bit get final product, and improve reading efficiency.
That is to say, in this preferred embodiment, the present invention comprises for the fully loaded measure of adopting that guarantees the first buffer: the one, and read at every turn and rear data in a buffer are moved forward, just deposited not read data to guarantee a buffer from original position; The 2nd, the idle bit position has appearred in discovery the one buffer after moving, and with data stuffing to the buffer of the 2nd buffer, the data of the 2nd buffer do not need to move.When the second buffer is sky, can't provide supplementary data to a buffer, read the external video bit stream data, fill up the 2nd buffer; If this moment, also there is the idle bit position in a buffer, and the idle bit position with data stuffing to the buffer of the 2nd buffer gets final product.
In a word, the present invention does not limit the trigger condition of concrete reading external data, as long as can guarantee that the first buffer all is fully loaded with, and is all that the present invention can adopt when each entropy decoded bits is resolved read operation; The present invention can't enumerate various feasible actual conditionses (for example, when the first buffer occurs when idle, reading external data etc.) at this, no longer describes in detail.
Under the prior art condition, the bit of each entropy decoding is resolved read operation can not surpass 32 usually, so in one embodiment of the invention, the memory space of described the first buffer and the second buffer can be 32 bits.
Preferably, in current main flow computer, support bus operation and the microprocessor computing (one-period can read 64 bits) of 64, that is to say, for application of the present invention, can preferably adopt the buffer of 64 bits.
Need to prove, when buffer of the present invention adopts 64, can significantly reduce the number of times that reads the external video bit stream data (be 32 half), thereby further improve the efficient of entropy decoded bits parse operation.
With reference to Fig. 4, show the embodiment of a kind of entropy decoder of the present invention, specifically can comprise with lower component:
Arithmetic element 401 is used for according to the required N Bit data of current entropy decoding that reads, and carries out the entropy decoding; N is less than or equal to threshold value M;
The first buffer 402 and the second buffer 403, for the data of buffer memory external video code stream, the memory space of described the first buffer 402, the second buffer 403 is more than or equal to the M bit;
Bit resolution unit 404, described bit resolution unit 404 further comprises:
Number of bits determination module 4041 is used for determining according to video code flow the number of bits N that current entropy decoding need to read;
Read module 4042 is used for reading the required N Bit data of current entropy decoding from the first buffer 402, sends arithmetic element 401 to;
Mobile module 4043 is used for the first remaining data of buffer 402 are moved forward to original position, and with the idle bit position of the data stuffing in the second buffer 403 to the first buffer 402, fully loaded to guarantee the first buffer;
Update module 4044 is used for reading external video bit stream data to the second buffer 403 when satisfying prerequisite.
For example, with reference to Fig. 5, suppose that the memory space of the first buffer 402 and the second buffer 403 is 64.If this has read the data (0-7 position) of 8 bits read module 4042 from the first buffer 402, with the unified reach of remaining data (8-63 position) in the first buffer 402, deposit since the original position (0) of the first buffer 402; And the data in the second buffer 403 (64-71 position) are filled into the bit (56-63 position) that the first buffer 402 frees out.Namely all be fully loaded with on the bank bit through the first buffer 0-63 after mobile module 4043 operations, and there are 8 bits the second memory free time.
For update module 4044, it can just read the external video bit stream data after each mobile module 4043 executable operations, fully loaded to guarantee the first buffer.Perhaps, update module 4044, in the time of also can working as and there is no data in the second buffer (being all empty), the idle bit position of reading external video bit stream data to the second buffer, by data stuffing first buffer of the second buffer with own buffer memory, fully loaded to guarantee the first buffer again.
In the concrete application of the present embodiment, the memory space of described the first buffer and the second buffer can be 32 bits; Perhaps, the memory space of described the first buffer and the second buffer is 64 bits.
Need to prove, entropy decoder of the present invention and entropy decoding method, can be used for AVS, H.264, the various video decode standards commonly used such as MPEG-2, MPEG-4.
Accordingly, the present invention also provides a kind of video decoding chip embodiment, and it specifically can comprise entropy decoder, in frame or the inter prediction parts, counter-scanning parts, inverse quantization parts, anti-cosine transform parts and Image Reconstruction parts, wherein, described entropy decoder can comprise with lower component:
Arithmetic element is used for according to the required N Bit data of current entropy decoding that reads, and carries out the entropy decoding; N is less than or equal to threshold value M;
The first buffer and the second buffer, for the data of buffer memory external video code stream, the memory space of described the first buffer, the second buffer is more than or equal to the M bit;
The bit resolution unit, described bit resolution unit further comprises:
The bit determination module is used for determining according to video code flow the number of bits N that current entropy decoding need to read;
Read module is used for reading the required N Bit data of current entropy decoding from the first buffer, sends arithmetic element to;
Mobile module is used for the first remaining data of buffer are moved forward to original position, and with the idle bit position of the data stuffing in the second buffer to the first buffer, fully loaded to guarantee the first buffer;
Update module is used for reading external video bit stream data to the second buffer when satisfying prerequisite, and is fully loaded to guarantee the first buffer.
Preferably, the prerequisite of described update module reading external data can for: when being empty, read external video bit stream data to the second buffer when the second buffer.If this moment, also there was the idle bit position in the first buffer, again by data stuffing first buffer of mobile module with buffer memory in the second buffer, get final product to guarantee that the first buffer is fully loaded.
The above is described in detail the entropy decoder of this chip embodiment, for miscellaneous part, owing to belonging to well-known to those skilled in the art, so do not repeat them here.Need to prove, for video decoding chip provided by the present invention, it can be applied to mobile TV, has the satellite navigator of mobile television receiving function, video camera, camera, projecting apparatus, PDA, MP4, GPS, USB receive the mobile terminals such as rod, independent receivers.
Each embodiment in this specification all adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed is and the difference of other embodiment that between each embodiment, identical similar part is mutually referring to getting final product.For entropy decoder and decoding chip embodiment, because it is substantially similar to entropy decoding method embodiment, so description is fairly simple, relevant part gets final product referring to the part explanation of embodiment of the method.
Above to the entropy decoded bits analytic method of a kind of video code flow provided by the present invention, a kind of entropy decoder and a kind of video decoding chip, be described in detail, used specific case herein principle of the present invention and execution mode are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; Simultaneously, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. the entropy decoded bits analytic method of a video code flow, is characterized in that, comprising:
Determine according to video code flow the number of bits N that current entropy decoding need to read; N is less than or equal to threshold value M;
Read the required N Bit data of current entropy decoding from the first buffer, carry out the entropy decoding;
Remaining data in the first buffer are moved forward to original position, and with the idle bit position of the data stuffing in the second buffer to the first buffer, fully loaded to guarantee the first buffer;
When satisfying prerequisite, read external video bit stream data to the second buffer;
Wherein, the memory space of described the first buffer, the second buffer is more than or equal to the M bit;
Described prerequisite is that the second buffer is for empty.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that,
The memory space of described the first buffer and the second buffer is 32 bits;
Perhaps, the memory space of described the first buffer and the second buffer is 64 bits.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described entropy decoding is applied to H.264 decode procedure.
4. an entropy decoder, is characterized in that, comprising:
Arithmetic element is used for according to the required N Bit data of current entropy decoding that reads, and carries out the entropy decoding; N is less than or equal to threshold value M;
The first buffer and the second buffer, for the data of buffer memory external video code stream, the memory space of described the first buffer, the second buffer is more than or equal to the M bit;
The bit resolution unit, described bit resolution unit further comprises:
The number of bits determination module is used for determining according to video code flow the number of bits N that current entropy decoding need to read;
Read module is used for reading the required N Bit data of current entropy decoding from the first buffer, sends arithmetic element to;
Mobile module is used for the first remaining data of buffer are moved forward to original position, and with the idle bit position of the data stuffing in the second buffer to the first buffer, fully loaded to guarantee the first buffer;
Update module is used for reading external video bit stream data to the second buffer when satisfying prerequisite;
Described prerequisite is that the second buffer is for empty.
5. entropy decoder as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that,
The memory space of described the first buffer and the second buffer is 32 bits;
Perhaps, the memory space of described the first buffer and the second buffer is 64 bits.
6. entropy decoder as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, described entropy decoder is applied to H.264 decode procedure.
7. a video decoding chip, is characterized in that, comprises entropy decoder, in frame or the inter prediction parts, and the counter-scanning parts, the inverse quantization parts, anti-cosine transform parts and Image Reconstruction parts, wherein, described entropy decoder comprises:
Arithmetic element is used for according to the required N Bit data of current entropy decoding that reads, and carries out the entropy decoding; N is less than or equal to threshold value M;
The first buffer and the second buffer, for the data of buffer memory external video code stream, the memory space of described the first buffer, the second buffer is more than or equal to the M bit;
The bit resolution unit, described bit resolution unit further comprises:
The bit determination module is used for determining according to video code flow the number of bits N that current entropy decoding need to read;
Read module is used for reading the required N Bit data of current entropy decoding from the first buffer, sends arithmetic element to;
Mobile module is used for the first remaining data of buffer are moved forward to original position, and with the idle bit position of the data stuffing in the second buffer to the first buffer, fully loaded to guarantee the first buffer;
Update module is used for reading external video bit stream data to the second buffer when satisfying prerequisite;
Described prerequisite is that the second buffer is for empty.
CN 200910076817 2009-01-21 2009-01-21 An entropy decoding bit parsing method, an entropy decoder, and a video decoding chip Expired - Fee Related CN101505424B (en)

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