CN101500752B

CN101500752B - Sanding tool

Info

Publication number: CN101500752B
Application number: CN2007800288430A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 爱德华·L·马诺尔
Original assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Co
Current assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Co
Priority date: 2006-08-03
Filing date: 2007-07-27
Publication date: 2011-04-13
Anticipated expiration: 2027-07-27
Also published as: TW200827094A; WO2008016840A1; EP2054194A4; EP2054194A1; CN101500752A; JP2009545464A; US20080032603A1

Abstract

A surface treatment apparatus for abrading a workpiece surface includes a motion generating device configured to move an abrasive disc, a stabilizer, and a force control device. The stabilizer and the force control device work cooperatively to prevent a force of contact between the abrasive disc and the workpiece surface from exceeding a set level. In one embodiment, the force control device has a maximum force control level, and the set level is less than the maximum force control level. In one embodiment, the stabilizer has a fixed portion and a movable portion.

Description

Sanding tool

Technical field

The present invention relates to surface treating implement.

Background technology

The spraying and the coating processes that are used for car panel and other surfaces adopt multiple coating usually, for example, comprise priming paint, bottom, colored coating, clear coat and sealant.Filter even carry out surrounding air, dust, dust, velveteen, fiber and other particles usually can embed in the finishing agent that is coated with interlayer, thereby cause flaw and other defective.Usually can be with these defective sandings to flushing with circumferential surface.

Use the hand-held sander of prior art, trained operator must apply an amount of power in an amount of time, and uses correct lubricating.If not careful control sanding parameter, the possibility of result is or the spot of undercorrection, or the spot of excessive sanding.The spot of undercorrection is left over down usually needs the more remaining flaw of multiplex's work.Excessively the spot of sanding can no longer flush with residual surface, causes low spot or the flat spot that still can differentiate after polishing.Sometimes, operator's mistake cause having to sanding again and polish whole work-piece again and be not only defect point.In addition, use too big pressure or too many time or improper angle can cause abrasive wear that increase or uneven, increase replacement cost and time thus.

Therefore, still need a kind of handheld tool, it can be set to desired application is presented suitable abrasive parameters automatically, thereby makes the less operator who undergoes training can realize needed result.

Summary of the invention

An embodiment who is used for the surface processing device on grinding work-piece surface comprises that the motion that is constructed to mobile mill produces equipment, stabilizer and force control apparatus.Stabilizer and force control apparatus collaborative work surpass the level that is provided with to prevent the contact force between mill and the surface of the work.In one embodiment, force control apparatus has maximum, force control level, and set level is less than described maximum, force control level.In one embodiment, stabilizer has standing part and moveable part.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the perspective view of an embodiment of instrument of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of 2-2 cut-away view 1 instrument along the line.

Fig. 3 a is the amplification view of an embodiment of grinding head that is in the instrument of disengaged condition.

Fig. 3 b is the amplification view of grinding head that is in the instrument of engagement state.

Fig. 4 is the perspective view of the embodiment of instrument of the present invention, comprising the flexible pipe that is used to apply and remove lubricant.

Fig. 5 a is the amplification view of an embodiment of the grinding head of the instrument that is in " disconnection " state, and this grinding head comprises the on/off switch.

Fig. 5 b is the amplification view that is in Fig. 5 a grinding head of " connection " state.

Fig. 6 a is the perspective view of the embodiment of instrument of the present invention, comprises the projected light defect locator.

Fig. 6 b is the amplification view of the grinding head of Fig. 6 a.

Although above-mentionedly respectively illustrate several exemplary embodiments of the present invention, can also find out other embodiment.The present invention is exemplary and presented exemplary embodiment of the present invention without limitation.Those skilled in the art it is contemplated that out the spirit that is included in principle of the present invention and many other modification and the embodiment within the scope.The accompanying drawing not drawn on scale.

In addition, censure embodiment, parts and example, should be appreciated that these descriptions are for reference to convenient, do not hint priority although wait by title " first ", " second ", " the 3rd ".These titles only are to carry out branch eloquence for clarity to propose between different embodiment.

In addition, such as upper and lower, left and right, on, under etc. directional terminology only be to use for the ease of discussion.Be to be understood that the structure of being discussed can be orientated by any way.

Except as otherwise noted, all numerals of expression structure size, amount and physical attribute should be understood that to modify by term " about " in all cases in specification and claim.Therefore, unless opposite indication is arranged, the numeral of proposition is approximation, and it can change according to the desirable characteristics that uses instruction content disclosed herein.

The specific embodiment

Abrasive material is commonly used to grinding, sanding, polishing and otherwise handles such as the surface of timber, metal, plastic or other material and the surface of spraying and coating.Abrasive product comprises for example coated abrasives, polishing coated abrasives, non-woven abrasive and polished product.These abrasive products can exist in a variety of forms, for example dish, thin slice or polygon element.In certain embodiments, abrasive sheet is fixed on the supporting pad of being made by elastomeric material or is integrally formed with supporting pad.In addition, abrasive product can comprise hole or slit alternatively, to help to extract dust and residue.

An embodiment of equipment of the present invention is surface treatment or milling tool electronic, pneumatic or that surge.Term used herein " grinding " comprises that all material that carries out because of the CONTACT WITH FRICTION between the contact-making surface of relative motion removes method, for example grinding, sanding, polishing, polishing or refine.By the relative motion that this instrument produced can be that for example vibrate, straight line, that rotate, motion track or random track.

Turning tool is only around the fixed axis rotary grinding disk.Because abradant surface is all followed identical path in the each rotating process of dish, thereby this abradant surface that just causes coiling grinds out darker cut in surface of the work.This well-regulated rotational motion meeting causes more deeply, more rough cutting, and this uses some and is fit to, and quite different to other application.

The rail mounted instrument makes mill move with rotating pattern.Another kind of lapping device disclosed in this invention is random rail mounted instrument.This class instrument combines rotational motion and orbital motion, and this causes mill to carry out random motion with respect to workpiece.This motion is desirable, because the random motion of mill has reduced the possibility of the dark cut that cuts out regular pattern in surface of the work.Thereby, can on surface of the work, obtain meticulousr fineness.

A kind of method of grinding work-piece relates to when making abrasive material near workpiece and moves abrasive product.Usually abrasive product is the smooth any cutting equipment of defective that makes in the workpiece or on the workpiece." mill " is meant the abrasive product that is generally circular; Yet, under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can use other shapes (for example, hexagon, octagon or fan-shaped), and these shapes are included in the term " dish ".For example, U.S. Patent No. 4,920,702 (people such as Kloss) disclose a kind of portable dam, and in one embodiment, this portable dam has the leg-of-mutton substantially support chip and the mill of vibration.

Fig. 1 is the perspective view of an embodiment of surface processing device 10 of the present invention.In the exemplary embodiment, pneumatic tool 10 comprises handle portion 12 and grinding head 14.In the exemplary embodiment, handle portion 12 comprises compressed air inlet 15, inlet control valve 16, shell 18, spool 20, cap lock 22, top cover 24 and manual throttling rod 26.Grinding head 14 comprises by binding round 34 stabilizers 29 that are connected on the angle shell 32.Hoop 34 keeps together by the screw that is covered by top cover 36.Stabilizer 29 comprises moveable part 30, standing part 31 and spring 76 (seeing Fig. 3 a and 3b).Although stabilizer 29 is shown as continuous cylindrical housing or guard shield, it is contemplated that out other available shapes or discontinuous form.

In the illustrated embodiment, instrument 10 for pneumatic type and be connected to the air compressor (not shown).In another embodiment, instrument 10 is connected to different power sources, for example hydraulic power source or power supply.In certain embodiments, instrument 10 comprises the power source (for example, battery) of oneself and does not need to be connected to external power supply.

Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of instrument 10 along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.In order to operate the inlet 15 power source (not shown) that are connected to such as compressed air source.Can use valve 16 to regulate effective inlet aperture.Throttling rod 26 can pivot around spring catch 38.Depression of throttle lever 26 causes that choke valve 40 moves up and compresses spring 42, thereby allows air to flow through air regulator 44.Compressed air causes the rotation of motion generation equipment (for example rotor 46), thereby this motion generation equipment and gear 48 interlockings cause that axle 50 rotates around axis A-A on the bearing of journals 52.Change the speed that the volume of air that flows through valve 16 can change rotor 46.The end of grinding head 14 is a mill 72.Instrument 10 moves in a circle with the speed between 3,000 rpms and 20,000 rpms around mill 72 usually, and more generally moves in a circle with the speed between 7,500 rpms and 10,000 rpms.

Fig. 3 a is the amplification view of an embodiment of the grinding head 14 of instrument 10 under disengaged condition.Be shown in further detail as this figure, the exemplary embodiment of grinding head 14 comprises the balancer 56 that connects by screw 58.Second 60 axis B-B moves with ball bearing 62 and 64.The axis B-B A-A (see figure 2) that parallels to the axis, but axis B-B can be spaced apart with axis A-A during the orbital motion of mill 72.In the exemplary embodiment, second 60 is rotated around axis A-A.In one embodiment, axis B-B is about 1.5 millimeters from the maximum displacement of axis A-A.

Balancer 56 assists to realize second 60 rotation around axis A-A.Second 60 velocity of rotation can depend on following parameter, and for example: be applied to the size of the power of instrument, workpiece material is formed and profile, and the abrasive material that uses.For example, under low-down pressure, second 60 can be relative to rotating soon, and under very high load, second 60 may be rotated slow relatively.

In one embodiment, backing plate 66 is connected to the end of grinding head 14 by screw 68.Backing plate 66 generally includes the force control apparatus jockey 70 that is used to connect force control apparatus 74.Force control apparatus 74 can be fixed on the backing plate 66 with many different modes.For example, can use contact adhesive (PSA) (for example, seeing U.S. Patent No. 3,849,949 (people such as Steinhauser)); Intermeshing clamp structure is for example in a plurality of hook portions on the backing plate and a plurality of ring portions on force control apparatus (for example, seeing U.S. Patent No. 4,609,581 (Ott)); And protruding, the recessed clamp structure that cooperates.The U.S. Patent No. 6 that is called " Engaging assembly for abrasive back-uppad " (conjugative component that is used for the abrasive material support chip) in the common name of transferring the possession of, 988, disclose another suitable connected system in 941, this patent is incorporated into way of reference at this.In the illustrated embodiment, support chip 73 and mill 72 are connected on the force control apparatus 74 successively.

In the illustrated embodiment, shirt rim 28 is connected on angle shell 32 and the backing plate 66, rotates to prevent mill 72, thereby causes the orbital motion of mill 72.In another embodiment, shirt rim 28 can be omitted, and instrument 10 will present random orbital motion.The U.S. Patent No. 5 that is called " Automated random orbital abrading system and method " (automatic random track grinding system and method) in the common name of transferring the possession of, 377,455, and name is called the U.S. Patent No. 4 of " Poweredabrading tool " (powered abrasive tools), 660, also described the general work principle of random track instrument in 329, the content of these two patents is incorporated into way of reference at this.It is contemplated that, use the present invention to instruct the instrument of content can also use the motion of other types, for example: rotation, straight line or oscillating movement.

Fig. 3 a illustrates the instrument 10 that is under the disengaged condition.Under this state, the spring 76 of stabilizer 29 relaxes.The bottom surface of the moveable part 30 of stabilizer 29 extends to mill 72 belows.Fig. 3 b is the amplification view of grinding head 14 that is in the instrument 10 of engagement state.When the moveable part 30 of tool operator with stabilizer 29 is pressed onto on the surface of the work 78, thereby compression spring 76 is so that this state has just been realized on mill 72 contact workpieces surface 78 o'clock.On stabilizer 29, moveable part 30 and standing part 31 are by being slidingly connected such as methods such as using pin.

As shown in the figure, force control apparatus 74 is regulated to cooperate with stabilizer 29 by spring mechanical.Stabilizer 29 and force control apparatus 74 have following structure, even that is: the operator applies greater than required pressure, this structure also can prevent the power contact workpiece surface 78 that mill 72 ether are big.Therefore, stabilizer 29 and force control apparatus 74 collaborative works prevent that the contact force between mill 72 and the surface of the work 78 from surpassing the level that is provided with.In one embodiment, force control apparatus 74 has maximum, force control level, and the level that is provided with is less than this maximum, force control level.

In certain embodiments, the spring of stabilizer applies the power bigger than force control apparatus.In the exemplary embodiment, the spring of stabilizer can apply about 5 pounds power, equal to be provided with level, and the spring of force control apparatus can apply about 3 pounds power.Even the spring of stabilizer is not compressed fully, this layout also can be guaranteed the full contact (that is, a large portion contact workpiece of mill) between mill and the surface of the work, and guarantees that needed pressure (that is, " level being set ") is transferred to surface of the work.

In another embodiment, the spring of stabilizer applies the power that is equal to or greater than force control apparatus.Fig. 3 b illustrates has the exemplary embodiment that presents greater than the spring of the stabilizer of the power of force control apparatus.At the engagement state shown in Fig. 3 b, spring 76 is compressed fully, and the spring of force control apparatus 74 to a certain degree is compressed and is not compressed fully.When spring 76 was compressed fully, the additional power that is applied by the operator can not be delivered to the interface between mill 72 and the surface of the work 78.Therefore, stabilizer 29 and force control apparatus 74 collaborative works prevent that the contact force between mill 72 and the surface of the work 78 from surpassing that level.

In certain embodiments, stabilizer is fixed with respect to instrument and is not comprised spring.When not in use, force control apparatus is arranged to make mill to extend beyond stabilizer.During use, fixing stabilizer prevents that the spring (or other force control devices) of force control apparatus from being compressed fully, so that any additional force that is applied by the operator can not be delivered to the interface between mill and the surface of the work.

In the exemplary embodiment, force control apparatus 74 comprises the spring with specific spring constant.In other embodiments, force control apparatus 74 can be formed by foam, rubber, neoprene or other resilient material.Although illustrated embodiment comprises the force control apparatus 74 of mechanical adjustment, it is contemplated that force control apparatus can also for example use the air pressure resistance to carry out the pneumatic type adjusting or the use fuel tap carries out the fluid pressure type adjusting.

In one embodiment, stabilizer 29 comprises the dimeric cylindrical housing around mill 72.In the exemplary embodiment, stabilizer 29 prevents that instrument 10 from tilting, and prevents that mill 72 unevenly is applied to surface of the work 78.In the exemplary embodiment, stabilizer 29 is by not scratching such as itself or the rubber on defective work piece surface 78 or the material the plastics are made.Although the illustrated mechanism of stabilizer 29 be by spring 76 mechanical adjustment to level is set, it is also contemplated that stabilizer 29 can be the equipment of for example pneumatic or hydraulic control.

Shown embodiment comprises support chip 73 that is connected to force control apparatus 74 and the mill 72 that is connected to support chip 73.This attached form can be identical or different with those attached forms of being discussed about power control connection device 70.

According to required rigidity, stickiness and other characteristics, support chip 73 can be made of compressible elastomeric material, these materials for example include but not limited to: vinyl, fabric, such as perforate or closed pore polymeric foam (such as, soft closed pore neoprene foams, perforate polyester form, polyurethane foam, netted or non-reticulated foam piece etc.) and so on foam, rubber or porous thermoplastic polymer.Typical polyurethane-based foam comprises basic foam of toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) (TDI) and the basic foam of two (or two) phenylmethylene-vulcabond (MDI).Softer and/or thicker support chip 73 can produce more senior fineness, and surface curvature or scrambling in the surface of the work 78 of fitting better.In another embodiment, can be without support chip 73, mill 72 can be directly connected to force control apparatus 74.

Disclose the suitable exemplary abrasive product that is used for mill 72 in the common following patent of transferring the possession of: name is called " the Abrasive article for providing a clear surfacefinish on glass " U.S. Patent No. 6 of (" be used for provide the light transmitting surface polishing on glass abrasive product "), 231,629; Name is called the U.S. Patent No. 6,312,484 of " Nonwoven abrasive articles andmethod of preparing same " (" nonwoven abrasive article and preparation method thereof "); The name be called " Abrasive article; a process of makingsame; and a method of using same to finish a workpiece surface " (" abrasive product; its preparation method and use its method with the polishing workpiece surface ") U.S. Patent No. 5,454,844, all above patents are incorporated into way of reference at this.Other suitable mills can from the 3M company in Sao Paulo, Minnesota State city (3M Company, St.Paul, MN) commercially available with trade name " Trizact " and " Finesse-it ".

Use for some, need to use small-sized mill 72 so that the point of sanding needs less follow-up polishing.In the exemplary embodiment, mill 72 is the dish at the circular or fan-shaped edge of diameter between 0.5 inch (12.7 millimeters) and 1.0 inches (25.4 millimeters).

Fig. 4 is the perspective view of the embodiment of instrument 10 of the present invention, and this embodiment comprises the flexible pipe that is used to apply and remove lubricant.In one embodiment, instrument 10 comprises lubricant application hose 80 and vacuum hose 82.An amount of sanding lubricant (for example water) of lubricant application hose 80 coatings is filled out the material under surface of the work 78 mills of chiming in to prevent mill 72.This is that we expect, will reduce because fill out its efficient of attached lapped face.In one embodiment, when pressure is applied on the stabilizer 29, lubricant application device with lubricant applying on abrasive surface 72 or surface of the work 78.

Illustrated embodiment comprises suction or the vacuum equipment by vacuum hose 82 operation, with during grinding or remove grinding residues and/or lubricant afterwards.If do not remove this residue or lubricant, it can pollute the polishing pad that will use subsequently so, thereby may cause unnecessary cut in polishing process.

Fig. 5 a is the amplification view of an embodiment of the tool grinding head that is in " disconnect (off) " state, and this grinding head comprises on/off switch 84.Fig. 5 b is the amplification view of the grinding head of Fig. 5 a of being in " connect (on) " state.Except throttling rod 26 or replace throttling rod 26, the operation that can come control tool 10 with switch 84.Under " disconnection " state shown in Fig. 5 a, switch 84 places on the spring 76, and the pin 83 of switch 84 is shifted out by the groove 85 from the stationary part 31 of stabilizer 29.When tool operator made the moveable part 31 of stabilizer 29 press on the surface of the work 78 (shown in Fig. 5 b), spring 76 and switch 84 were upwards boosted, and advanced grooves 85 thereby will sell 83.At " connection " state of Fig. 5 b, the pin 83 of switch 84 is fully inserted in the groove 85, thus activator switch 84 so that mill 72 move.

In one embodiment, as long as activator switch 84, mill 72 just moves.In another embodiment, switch 84 is connected to timer, computer or other processors that automatic operation is moved mill 72 in a period of time (for example about 3 seconds) of regulation.More if desired operator's control can change into and use indicator lamp or sounding buzzer to come prompting operation person to pass by time of ormal weight.

In the exemplary embodiment, the moveable part 30 of stabilizer 29 is also as defect locator.By the defective that moveable part 30 is centered on the surface of the work 78, the operator can guarantee that this defective will be processed.In the exemplary embodiment, moveable part 30 is formed by transparent material, and this makes the operator can see through moveable part 30 and observe, to confirm that workpiece, defect is within the zone that will grind.

Under the situation of pure rotational motion, the area of mill 72 can be approximately identical with the area in the moveable part 30.Under the situation of track, random track or other motions, the area of mill 72 can be less than the area in the moveable part 30.In other embodiments, for example, can provide defect locator to be incident upon the light on the surface of the work 78 or the form of laser image.

Fig. 6 a is the perspective view of the embodiment of instrument 10 of the present invention, and this embodiment comprises projected light defect locator 86.Fig. 6 b is the amplification view of the grinding head 14 of Fig. 6 a.In the illustrated embodiment, defect locator 86 is connected to stabilizer 29.Defect locator 86 projects to visible light pattern 88 on the surface of the work 78.In another embodiment, in the moveable part 30 of stabilizer 29, project visible light pattern 88.By defective 90 is positioned in the visible light pattern 88, the operator can guarantee and will grind defective 90 by mill 72.Visible light pattern 88 can also have other shapes, for example the buphthalmos or the crosshair that intersects.

All patents, patent application, temporary patent application and publication that this paper mentions or quotes comprise all figure and table, on the degree that the content of clearly instructing with this specification is consistent, all incorporate this paper into way of reference in full.

Should be appreciated that only property purpose presented for purpose of illustration of example described herein and embodiment, and under the prerequisite of the spirit and scope that meet present patent application, those skilled in the art can carry out multiple modification or change according to these examples and embodiment.For example, although instrument 10 is shown as dihedral instrument (angled tool), it is also contemplated that instrument 10 can be the instrument of palm held.In addition, although instrument 10 is described to handheld tool in certain embodiments, it is also contemplated that instrument 10 can be robot formula or the instrument of otherwise automatically operating.

Claims

1. surface processing device that is used for the grinding work-piece surface, described surface processing device comprises: motion generation equipment, it is constructed to mobile mill;

Stabilizer, it comprises the shell around described mill, and described stabilizer comprises standing part and moveable part, the bottom surface of the moveable part of described stabilizer is constructed to contact described surface of the work, wherein, when described mill not during contact workpiece, the bottom surface of the moveable part of described stabilizer extends to described mill below; And

Force control apparatus; And wherein, described stabilizer and described force control apparatus collaborative work, so that the contact force of the level of setting to be provided between described mill and described surface of the work, and when described mill contacted described workpiece, described stabilizer applied the power more than or equal to the power that is applied by described force control apparatus.

2. surface processing device according to claim 1, wherein

Described stabilizer comprises the helical spring between described standing part and described moveable part, and described helical spring pushes described moveable part away from described standing part.

3. surface processing device according to claim 2, wherein

Described force control apparatus comprises helical spring, and described helical spring is arranged between the force control apparatus jockey of backing plate that the support chip that is connected with described mill and described motion produce equipment.

4. surface processing device according to claim 3 also comprises the helical spring of the described stabilizer that is compressed fully and the helical spring of the described force control apparatus that partly compressed when described mill contacts described surface of the work.

5. surface processing device according to claim 1, wherein

The power that applies when described stabilizer is during greater than the power that applied by described force control apparatus, and described stabilizer applies about 5 pounds power, and described force control apparatus applies about 3 pounds power.

6. surface processing device according to claim 1, wherein

The moveable part of described stabilizer is constructed to the described surface of the work of contact before described mill contacts described surface of the work.