CN101497803A

CN101497803A - Biodiesel and preparing technology thereof

Info

Publication number: CN101497803A
Application number: CNA2008100090017A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姚明忠
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2008-01-29
Filing date: 2008-01-29
Publication date: 2009-08-05

Abstract

The invention relates to biodiesel as a novel power source used by a gas engine using diesel oil as power and a preparation technology thereof. The preparation technology comprises the following steps: using oil plant fruits containing reproducible oil plants, animal oil and fat, oil palm, Chinese pistachio, and the like, oil water plants , such as engineered microalgae, and the like, 50-90 percent of waste cooking oil and 10-40 percent of methanol as raw materials; using 5-30 percent of solid organic acid as catalyst, assisting dissolving by 1-30 percent of surface active agent (ratio:), and continuously mixing the mixture for 20-120 min under the normal atmosphere condition with the temperature between 20 DEG C and 100 DEG C for reacting so as to prepare the biodiesel. The invention has the advantages of gentle reaction condition, short reaction time and high esterification and ester transformation ratio; the product can replace excellent mine diesel by 100 percent and can be mixed with the mine diesel according to any proportion for use.

Description

Biofuel and technology of preparing thereof

[technical field]

The present invention relates to a kind of oil engine new type power energy--biofuel and technology of preparing thereof that diesel oil is power that be provided with.

[background technology]

Biofuel is to be the liquid fuel of feedstock production with oil plant waterplant such as oil-yielding shrubs fruit, engineering microalgaes such as oil plant, animal grease, oil palm and Chinese pistache and waste cooking oil.It is reproducible clean energy, is fine mineral diesel surrogate, and synthetic transesterifications (transesterificationization) that adopt of biofuel only need oil, low-carbon alcohol and catalyzer just can make vegetable and animals oils and alcohols generate ester class and coproduction glycerol more.

At present domestic and international research all concentrates on the field of adopting sewer oil or the acidifying wet goods waste oil and the dregs of fat, is catalyzer with mineral acid or alkali and its esters.This type of technological reaction mild condition, cost is lower, but ester conversion rate is low, only reaches about 60%, is difficult to reach the direct LIGHT DIESEL OIL standards of using such as oil engine; Enzyme process catalyzed reaction transformation efficiency can reach 95%, but the easy inactivation of catalyzer enzyme, production cost is higher relatively; Supercritical methanol technology severe reaction conditions is to the equipment requirements height.The transesterification of above three major types type respectively has relative merits, but a common problem is arranged, and is exactly that technology and raw material sources are not enough to support the industrialization demand.

[summary of the invention]

The objective of the invention is: one, ester conversion rate is reached more than 95%, the flash-point of esterification products is controlled in 50 ℃～120 ℃ scopes, satisfy the technical feature of complete alternative ore diesel oil by the solid organic acid catalysis technique; Two, by adopting the hydrotropy tensio-active agent that reactant animal-plant oil and methyl alcohol are dissolved each other arbitrarily, reactant is added with equimolar amount, reduce subsequent treatment process, thereby reduce production costs.By the utilization of above two new technologies, can adopt the oil plant of inedibilities such as genetically engineered soybean, vegetable seed and cottonseed to realize industrialization production biofuel, reach part even complete alternative ore diesel oil.

Description of the present invention is as follows: adopt and realized that now the oil crops of establishing in large scale are raw material sources, glycerine in the raw oil material is cemented out with methyl alcohol by catalyzer, the free fatty acids esterification of esterification will do not had simultaneously in the raw material, the esterification rate of raw material is reached more than 96.5%, physical and chemical indexes such as flash-point, kinematic viscosity, density, condensation point, cetane value and the fine-quality diesel oil of product are close, can substitute petrifaction diesel fully.The present invention realizes by following two technology:

One, SOLID ORGANIC acid catalyst.The solid organic acid that the present invention studies employing comprises Phenylsulfonic acid, formic acid, vinylformic acid, sulfosalicylic acid, alkyl benzene sulphonate (ABS) or its esters.As catalyzer, esterification and transesterification can be finished by above-mentioned one or more mixtures fast in the condition of normal pressure below 100 ℃.

Two, hydrotropy tensio-active agent.The present invention studies and adopts alkyl benzene series, alkylsulphonic acid is that tensio-active agent is as solubility promoter, make the methyl alcohol and the grease that originally can not dissolve each other realize dissolving each other, reactant is fully dissolved each other in liquid phase, reduce the charging capacity of reactant methanol, reactant is reacted under the condition near equimolar amount, reduce aftertreatment technology.

[embodiment]

Biofuel of the present invention is finished by following technology:

Step 1; Catalyzer with 1%～30% adds in the methyl alcohol, stirs.

Step 2: 5%～30% hydrotropy tensio-active agent is added in the reactant grease, stir and be heated to specified temperature.

Step 3: under agitation condition, the methanol solution of step 1 was added in the grease liquid of step 2 continuously stirring 20 to 120 minutes.

Step 4; Centrifugation separates with byproduct glycerine biofuel by whizzer.

Advantage of the present invention: technology of preparing esterification and commentaries on classics esterification yield height, product is alternative ore diesel oil fully, or mix with arbitrary proportion with mineral diesel.The reaction conditions gentleness, the technology cost is lower, can industrialization produce in batches, technological process safety, pollution-free.

Claims

1. biofuel and technology of preparing thereof is characterized in that by weight, and each reactant percentage when reaction conditions is:

Grease 50～90%

Methyl alcohol 10～40%

Catalyzer 5～30%

Solubility promoter 1～30%

20～100 ℃ of temperature of reaction

Churning time 20～120 minutes

2. biofuel according to claim 1 and technology of preparing thereof is characterized in that: by weight each reactant percentage when reaction conditions be:

Grease 50～80%

Methyl alcohol 20～30%

Catalyzer 5～20%

Solubility promoter 1～20%

30～80 ℃ of temperature of reaction

Churning time 20～60 minutes

3. the catalyzer of biofuel and technology of preparing thereof is characterized by: the SOLID ORGANIC acid catalyst: comprise in the following material one or more: Phenylsulfonic acid, formic acid, vinylformic acid, sulfosalicylic acid, alkyl benzene sulphonate (ABS) or its esters.

4. the solubility promoter of biofuel and technology of preparing thereof is characterized by: the hydrotropy tensio-active agent: comprise the material that following material and character thereof are close: alkyl benzene series, alkyl benzene sulphonate (ABS) system.

5. biofuel and technology of preparing thereof is characterized by:

Step 1: will stir in 5%～30% the catalyzer adding methyl alcohol;

Step 2: the hydrotropy tensio-active agent with 1%～30% adds in the reactant grease, is stirred and heated to 30～80 ℃;

Step 3: the methyl alcohol reaction solution with step 1 under agitation condition adds in the grease reaction solution of step 2 continuously stirring 20 minutes to 60 minutes.

Step 4: centrifugation.Step 3 reaction product is entered whizzer, isolates principal product---biofuel; By product---glycerine.