CN101493839A - Method for generating general-purpose test document - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a generation method of a universal test document, which has two steps: step one, document template customization: the document template can be customized in three steps of document template structure definition, document template content style definition and XML description file generation and storage; and step two, document generation: first, a standard XML parser can obtain an XML description file of a corresponding document template from a test database, the DOM technology of the XML parser generates a friendly user interface, i.e., a documentation generator according to the description; then, the user can input document contents which need adding by hand in an editing area given by the document generator; when ensuring the accuracy of the contents displayed in the document generator, the user can perform the operation to generate the document; and at this time, the document generator can call an interface provided by a corresponding document-editing software to generate test documents which meet the requirements of the user.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of generation method of general-purpose test document.Refer in particular to a kind of method that guarantees that the conforming automatic document of test document generates in each stage of software test.
Background technology
Software test is to guarantee one of main method of software quality, and an important job is the various software test documents that establishment meets relevant documentation standard and standard in software test procedure.The software test document of complete, standard can normative testing work whole flow process, can reduce the communication cost between the tester, and make that test job is easy to check, and then guarantee carrying out smoothly of software test work.The software test document is the instrument of exchange and conmmunication between the tester, also is the foundation and the important output products form of test of software test.If the object of exchange programme test, the resource that needs, arrangement of test job or the like information well between the software test personnel, to cause the work in test process various piece and each stage not coordinate effectively, this certainly will produce serious influence to the whole software test job.
Current, international software test procedure generally includes four-stages such as test planning, Test Design, test implementation and test summary.Corresponding relation as shown in Figure 1 between the relevant test document; As can be seen from the figure, each stage of test has obtained the different test document of functional requirement.These test document generally are to write by craft, time-consuming, effort can not guarantee its accuracy, and, the location mode of the software test document of these artificial establishments mainly is paper or isolated electronic document, does like this to be difficult to guarantee between the different test document and integrality, the consistance of same test document inside.Therefore, the dependence test document was write or generated automatically to assisted user method and instrument have very realistic meanings, not only can reduce artificial cost greatly, and can improve the quality that generates test document.
At present the test process management tool of main flow to the support of the automatic generation technique of test document seldom.Use these two test process management tools of more Mercury Interactive TestDirector and BugZilla can only provide the document based on Microsoft Word form to generate automatically, its deficiency has:
The first, the test document that covers all stages of whole test process can not be provided, promptly the document of their output has only comprised data such as test case, software issue, execution result, and powerless to information such as test plan, test summaries; Simultaneously, the document of their generations can not satisfy corresponding documentation standard or standard.
The second, do not possess versatility, i.e. their not customizations of supporting documentation template only provide " wanting/do not want " so simple selection function of related content, and can not carry out the customization of document template at user's demand.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, propose a kind of generation method of general-purpose test document, utilize test data in the test process, support the customization document template, in the hope of reaching perfect in shape and function, convenient and practical purpose.
The present invention is based on the document automatic creation method of XML form.Any one node of XML document is not isolated the existence, and wherein all arrangement of elements are all acted on rigorous tree structure.For document, if launch according to the titles at different levels of document, its structural drawing also is a tree structure, so the template that adopts XML to describe test document in generating the general-purpose test document process is very suitable.
Main contents of the present invention comprise two steps: the generation of customization document template and document.Just as the relation of class and object, test document is the instantiation of test document template to the relation of test document template and test document.Overall flow figure as shown in Figure 2.
Used storage medium in the general-purpose test document generative process: the content introduction in template base, test database and document management storehouse sees Appendix 1.
Step 1: customization document template
Document standard or standard that being used to of different software organization's defineds write test document may be different.Therefore it is vital providing the document template that requires based on software organization.Though, IEEE has worked out the software test document standard, our country has also formulated corresponding GB and national military standard documentation standard, nonetheless, establishment often has different requirements to test document in each software organization, even adopt respective standard and standard, also there is different requirements in different software organizations at the document content tissue.Satisfy the versatility that document generates, just need be according to user's specific requirement definition document template.Introduce customization document template method below in detail.
Document template not only will define document format, but also will describe the source and the organizational form of document content.Therefore, the customization document template can be divided into three steps:
The first step, the document template organization definition.The tree structure figure of definition document template promptly defines the title and the form of the titles at different levels of document, and wherein the form of title mainly comprises font, font size, the color of title and whether needs italic, whether needs information such as overstriking.
Second step, the definition of document template content pattern.According to the tree structure figure of user-defined document template, the source and the organizational form of data in test document of the padding data that needs under the definition respective nodes mainly comprise patterns such as figure, form, text.
The user can be defined in when generating the document of using this template when definition document template content pattern, and the data of corresponding certain node of file structure are to extract from test database, still artificial the interpolation.If the user has selected to extract, will use the data screening rule definition device of standard in test database.Utilize data screening rule definition device, the user can be defined in the rule of extracting data in the test database, will use these rules when generating document, the data that meet respective rule is generated to the relevant position of document (document template example).
In the 3rd step, generate the XML description document and preserve warehouse-in.Behind the source and organizational form of the tree structure of the good test document template of user definition and corresponding content, just the XML that need utilize the standard XML maker to generate the document template describes document and is saved in the template base.The XML maker has defined constituent element language, is used for describing the relevant information of the document template of customization, comprises structure, content sources and organizational form, and the data screening rule.Provide the partial document template below and describe unit's language:
＜document template〉:=＜structure, content 〉
＜structure〉:=＜chapter title, chapters and sections rank, form 〉
＜chapter title〉:=text
＜form〉:=＜font, font size, runic, italic, color 〉
＜content〉:=＜Data Source, data 〉
＜Data Source〉:=＜database, screening rule〉| manual input
＜data〉:=＜figure〉|＜table〉| text
Step 2: document generates
The user regards one " class " as for a document template of certain project customization, and so, the test document of using the correspondence of the document template generation is exactly the instantiation of class---and " object ".The precedence diagram that document generates as shown in Figure 3.
At first, the standard XML resolver can obtain the respective document template from test database XML describes document, and the DOM technology of this XML resolver can see Appendix 2, and describes user interface---the document maker that generates a close friend according to it.
The document maker is the core that document generates, and it is responsible for communicating by letter with user, associated databases, generates final test document.Tree-shaped file structure that in the test document template, defines according to the user and Data Source and deposit form in, the document maker provides friendly user interface for each node, for example: at the textual form data of the artificial input of needs, embed the editing area of documents editing software (as: Microsoft Word), so that user's fill substance; At the form data of the artificial input of needs, embed the form edit control and edit self-defined list data for the user; At the data that need from test database, read, according to customization during document template user-defined data screening rule and data organization mode from test database, extracts qualified data, be presented on the interface confession user with text and diagrammatic form and check and edit.
Subsequently, the user can import in the editing area that the document maker provides needs the artificial document content that adds.After the user determines that content shown in the document maker is all accurate, then can carry out the generation document function.At this moment, the document maker will call the interface that corresponding documents editing software provides, and generate the test document that satisfies customer requirements.
Annex 1: data storage medium
Template base: the document template of depositing all kinds of test document of customization in the mode of XML file;
Test database: software organization needs the test data that produces is managed in test process, and these data comprise testing progress and arrangement, tester, testing requirement and test item, test case and execution information, software problem reporting etc.Usually software organization's use test process management instrument manages these test datas, and they are stored in the test database.The main contents of test document can come from test database, do not need the client to write duplicate contents, to guarantee the consistent of document and test process;
The document management storehouse: the various documents that produce in the test process are deposited in unification, be convenient to the test process management tool all test document are carried out unified document management.
The DOM technology of annex 2:XML resolver
DOM (Document Object Model) resolver generates an object tree that is arranged in internal memory in order to describe the document with the disposable parsing of XML document.
DOM is an interface a kind of and platform and language independent, and API that provides and programming language are irrelevant.Its permission program and script are dynamically created XML document, traversal document, content, structure and the type of permission program and script dynamic access and modification XML document.It has defined a series of object and method the node of dom tree has been carried out various random operations:
The Document object---as the high node of tree, Document to as if inlet that entire document is operated;
Element and Attr object---these node objects all are the mappings of a document part, and the deciding grade and level level of node has reflected the structure of document just;
The Text object---as the child node of Element and Attr object, the Text object representation content of text of element or attribute, the Text node no longer comprises any child node;
Index of set---DOM provides several index of set modes, can travel through by specific mode node.Indexing parameter all counts since 0.
All nodes in the dom tree are all inherited from the Node object.The Node object definition some basic attribute and methods, utilize these methods can realize to traversal of tree, simultaneously, can also learn title, the value of node and judge its type according to attribute.In fact, DOM has carried out further operation, and it regards each project in the document as node---element, attribute, note, processing command, even the text of formation attribute.
Description of drawings
Figure 1 shows that test document and test phase corresponding relation
Figure 2 shows that the general-purpose test document generative process
Figure 3 shows that document genesis sequence figure
Embodiment
Based on method of the present invention, designed and Implemented the document systematic function of a certain test platform.The realization of this function comprises two parts: one is template definition, and two are the document generation.
Step 1: template definition, platform are the templates with Microsoft Word formal definition each stage of software test.One has the mode of three kinds of definition, and first is to use grand mode to define, and promptly inserts each field that corresponding control defines software test data, such as these three fields of test case title, detailed description and software issue information, can find in grand.The user only need click the field that needs can add these fields in template.The secondth, header field, this is a kind of addition manner of What You See Is What You Get, some controls that mainly have been to use Word document to carry, such as font, the information that these editors of font size are used.The 3rd is in order to generate general test document, a kind of mode of custom field to be provided, and the user can add as required and oneself thinks at the important information field of test phase.The test document template definition in each stage has very big independence.After each field is defined, will store with the XML form.At this moment change step 2 over to.
Step 2: document generates, and the main XML resolver that uses goes out document to the template XML format analysis in the step 1 storage in this step.The document that generates is the general-purpose test document that operation this time obtains, in order to embody the effect in document management storehouse, at the field in the step 1 self-defined template, can be in step 2 the content to these fields make amendment and (add, operations such as deletion), and make these custom fields become the macro definition mode, make things convenient for these custom fields of later use.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of generation method of general-purpose test document is characterized in that: this method comprises two steps:
Step 1: customization document template
The customization document template can be divided into three steps:
The first step, document template organization definition: the tree structure figure of definition document template, promptly define the title and the form of the titles at different levels of document, wherein the form of title mainly comprises font, font size, the color of title and whether needs italic, whether needs information such as overstriking;
In second step, the definition of document template content pattern: according to the tree structure figure of user-defined document template, the source and the organizational form of data in test document of the padding data that needs under the definition respective nodes mainly comprise patterns such as figure, form, text;
The 3rd step, generate the XML description document and preserve warehouse-in: behind the source and organizational form of the tree structure of the good test document template of user definition and corresponding content, just the XML that need utilize the standard XML maker to generate the document template describes document and is saved in the template base; The XML maker has defined constituent element language, is used for describing the relevant information of the document template of customization, comprises structure, content sources and organizational form, and the data screening rule;
Step 2: document generates
At first, the standard XML resolver can obtain the respective document template from test database XML describes document, and the DOM technology of this XML resolver is described user interface---the document maker that generates a close friend according to it;
Subsequently, the user can import in the editing area that the document maker provides needs the artificial document content that adds; After the user determines that content shown in the document maker is all accurate, then can carry out the generation document function; At this moment, the document maker will call the interface that corresponding documents editing software provides, and generate the test document that satisfies customer requirements.
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