CN101484233A - IN. V.erted aerated immersed screen, screen assembly and operating process - Google Patents
IN. V.erted aerated immersed screen, screen assembly and operating process Download PDFInfo
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- CN101484233A CN101484233A CNA2007800254580A CN200780025458A CN101484233A CN 101484233 A CN101484233 A CN 101484233A CN A2007800254580 A CNA2007800254580 A CN A2007800254580A CN 200780025458 A CN200780025458 A CN 200780025458A CN 101484233 A CN101484233 A CN 101484233A
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Abstract
A static screen used upstream of a membrane assembly within a water treatment system has a screening surface with a number of openings distributed over its area. Liquid flows through the screening surface to reach the membrane assembly. Various shapes of screening surfaces are described including three-dimensional bodies with openings at or near their lower ends. Methods for cleaning the screen are described including aeration, backwashing and lowering down the water level in an upstream section by partially or completely draining a tank. Various treatment systems or process designs incorporating the screen are described. Screen elements may be made in two or more parts comprising a supporting structure and a separation layer and may be mounted on a conduit or pan.
Description
For the U.S., require the U.S. Patent application No.60/797 of submission on May 5th, 2006 according to 35 USC 119 (e) the application, 773, the U.S. Patent application No.60/798 that submitted on May 8th, 2006, the U.S. Patent application No.60/876 that on December 21st, 294 and 2006 submitted to, 134 rights and interests.The full content that is incorporated herein above application as a reference.
Technical field
The present invention relates to manufacture method, the operation of immersion or static filtering sieve, immersion or static filtering sieve or clean the method for sieves and water treatment facilities or the method for using sieves, for example use the water treatment facilities or the method for film.
Background technology
Below any content that the description of background technology is not represented in the description to be discussed can quote a part as proof in any country into prior art or those skilled in the art's general knowledge.
Some water treatment systems comprise a large amount of membrane modules, and membrane module can comprise a large amount of membrane fibers or diaphragm.In can be described as the big assembly of unit, module or box, via one or more collectors or framework membrane fiber or diaphragm are remained in original position usually.Membrane fiber or diaphragm may be intertwined or be wrapped in the rubbish around it with it, hair or other fibrous material of entanglement destroys.In addition, rubbish, hair or fibrous material are difficult to remove from film.
The accumulation and the winding that reduce rubbish, hair or fibrous material in the membrane module are the water treatment system valid functions and increase the service life required.
Reducing a kind of method that hair, rubbish or fibrous material pile up is included in feed stream and it is carried out pre-filtering before entering membrane bioreactor.Yet the pre-filtering incoming flow is usually only effective to reducing the rubbish or the concentration of fibrous material of tangling in the charging or accumulating in together.Pre-filtering raw sewage stream is not removed single or tuftlet rubbish or fibrous material fully, may flock together after these single or tuftlet rubbish or fibrous materials and forms thicker entanglement bar or gather bundle in Waste Water Treatment.Promptly pre-sieve filter for example allows, and single hair easily enters water treatment system.In case enter in the water treatment system, single hair is often tangled and is accumulated in together.The hair and the membrane fiber that tangle are intertwined, thereby cause wearing and tearing and destruction.In addition, usually pollute once more through pre-filtered water, this is because water may be through the opening groove of a plurality of water processing establishments.Other pollutant that leaf near for example tree of chip or wind bring usually is blown in the groove.In addition, the Machine Design of sieves itself may make it cost an arm and a leg or installation or operating difficulties, particularly under big flow and close-meshed situation.
U.S. Patent No. 6,814,868 have described the method that reduces rubbish in the Waste Water Treatment or fibrous material concentration, and described Waste Water Treatment has the film filter that combines with bioreactor.This method comprises makes flow through sieves in the effluent of a part of mixed liquor.This mixing material is not more than the average design flow velocity of Waste Water Treatment approximately by the flow velocity of sieves.Can be directly or in conjunction with discarded active sludge treatment or remove residue on sieve.The opening size of sieves such as rotary drum sieves is about 0.10mm～about 1.0mm.
Announce No.2006-0008865 laid-open U.S. Patents application No.11/168 in submission on June 29th, 2005 and as the U.S., 405 methods etc. of having described multiple possible static state or immersion sieves structure and having cleaned this sieves, described method for example comprise by the upstream region inflation to sieves and cause backwash by sieves.Be incorporated herein full content that the U.S. announces No.2006-0008865 as a reference.
Summary of the invention
Following content intention is introduced the present invention and is not limited or limit any invention required for protection to the reader.The present invention can be present in subsequently in the combination of the unit described or method step or the inferior combination or be present in the application's the other parts.The inventor does not abandon only disclosing in this manual and the right of any other invention of not describing in the claims.
The filter plant that is used for water treatment system can have upstream region that is under the first static head environmental pressure and the downstream area that is under the second static head environmental pressure.This filter plant can comprise:
One or more filtering surfaces that are roughly static state, described filtering surface is near the three dimensions configurations that has discharge port the bottom;
Be used to keep the structure of filtering surface, this filtering surface is communicated with upstream region and downstream area, so that the water that the filtering surface interception is flowed between the upstream and downstream zone; With
One or more aerating devices that are communicated with upstream region.
This equipment can comprise:
The storage tank that one or more fluids connect;
The inlet of described one or more storage tanks;
Be immersed in the membrane module in one of them storage tank;
Open the static filtering sieve of end three dimensions configurations, water and inlet that this static filtering sieve will comprise membrane module in a large number separate;
The seepage flow outlet that is connected with membrane module; With
The film retentate outlet that is communicated with the water that comprises membrane module in a large number.
Filtering surface can be three dimensions configuration shape, for example has the cylinder of opening near the bottom.Opening for example can be near the port in another surface open bottom of this configuration or this configuration bottom.Opening can with one or more pipelines for example groove or pipe fluid be connected, described pipeline can for example film storage tank or film district fluid be connected with downstream area.One or more three dimensions configurations can be remained in the framework.Framework also can keep aerating device.Framework can have guardrail or other constraint component, with moving of restriction filtering surface upper end.The area of filtering surface can be the filter plant area of section twice or more than.Can under the situation of not using the mechanically moving parts that directly act on filtering surface, filtering surface be cleaned.The static filtering sieve can have filtering surface and pore-free surface.
The upstream aerating device can be in the positive operation process provides air to wash away for filtering surface or cause the backwash of filtering surface in cleaning or dispersion steps.Filter plant also can have downflow weir or the floss hole that is positioned at the filtering surface upstream, is used for removing for example dispersion or cleaning and is filtered the solid matter that sieve is held back.Can sieve the other parts that the solid matter of holding back is delivered to waste streams or is recycled to system with being filtered in the upstream region.Can be with some factor combinations.For example, aerating device can wash away filtering surface, make the residue on sieve in the upstream region be floated to gap with the removal or recirculation of assisting residue on sieve and the backwash that causes sieves with bubble simultaneously.
Two formula filter assemblies can provide high SSA
Ratio(ratio that total filter table area of one or more filter assemblies is long-pending with the vertical section of the groove that keeps filter assemblies) is for example more than 5 or more than 10.Filter assemblies can be roughly long three dimensions shape, for example highly be five times of the diameter of a circle identical with its base area or more than.Filter assemblies also can have the inner passage, and the most of or separated substantially layer of the cross-sectional circumference of this inner passage surrounds.Filter element can comprise supporting structure and separating layer.Filter assemblies can be prism-shaped, for example tubulose.Filter assemblies can be connected collector for example on groove or the pipeline.Collector can be communicated with downstream reservoir.The water that the filters separating layer of can flowing through arrives the inner passage, and the inner passage of flowing through then arrives collector, arrives downstream reservoir then.
The method of cleaning immersion static filtering sieve can comprise: by upstream region is partially or completely discharged, reduce the water level of filtering surface upstream region.Be arranged near the downflow weir the lowest water level height in can film storage tank, upstream region is discharged by the filtering surface downstream.Can make the water of discharge return the upstream process groove.When the sieves upstream region is discharged, can suppress or stop liquid stream from the treatment trough of sieves upstream region upstream.
Can provide one or more miscellaneous equipments or method by making up any one or a plurality of unit or method step, described unit or method step are selected from all devices unit and the method step of describing in summary of the invention or the application's other parts.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the floor map of example Waste Water Treatment;
Fig. 2 A is the side view of the storage tank of film shown in Figure 1A;
Fig. 2 B is the floor map of replaceability film storage tank;
Fig. 2 C is another replaceability film storage tank and the side view with Waste Water Treatment of filter plant;
Fig. 3 A is the isometric drawing of another filter plant of removal filter element;
Fig. 3 B is the cross section isometric drawing of Fig. 3 A of assembling filter element;
Fig. 4 is the side view of filter plant;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram with heteroid static filtering sieve;
Fig. 6 is the photo that shows as the rigid pipe example of cylinder filter assemblies inside;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that shows two formula cylinder filter assemblies examples;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram that holds the container of static filtering sieve and submergence film;
Fig. 9 a is the schematic diagram with HSM collector of filter assemblies;
Fig. 9 b is the schematic diagram of collector of rising as high as the banks;
Fig. 9 c shows the U-lag collector;
Figure 10 is based on the schematic diagram of the immersion sieves installation of HSM pipeline;
Figure 11 is based on the schematic diagram that the immersion of groove (U-lag or rise as high as the banks) is installed;
Figure 12 a and 12b are the schematic diagrames of MBR structure;
Figure 13 is the floor map with MBR design of cesspool.
The specific embodiment
Below will be described example to plurality of devices or method with each invention embodiment that prescription is provided.Embodiment described below does not limit the invention of any prescription, and the invention of any prescription can cover following method or the equipment that does not have description.The invention of prescription is not limited to have equipment or method or the following majority or the total feature of all devices of whole features of following any equipment or method.Following equipment or method may not be the working of an invention modes of any prescription.Applicant, inventor and obligee keep all authority to any invention of the application's failed call right that discloses in following equipment or the method, do not abandon the right to the disclosed any invention of the application.
Fig. 4 shows filter plant 100, and this filter plant 100 has the static filtering sieve 35 that is installed in the container 102.Container 102 for example can be jar, trough canal or other pipeline or the utensil that is filled with water.It is not shown that container 102 has sealing of bottom 104 and 106, two opposite flanks 106, a pair of opposite flank, and the channel flow (channel flow) by common opening limits the path of current through container 102.Side 106 can be curved surface in circular trough.Static filtering sieve 35 directly is disposed across between the opposite flank 106, perhaps is placed between the opposite flank 106 by being disposed across between the spacer that is fixed on the side 106 or other atresia parts.Static filtering sieve 35 also directly extends to the surperficial water level of container 102 more than 108 from container bottom 104, perhaps, extend to the surperficial water level of container 102 more than 108 from container bottom 104 by between the atresia parts that are fixed in bottom 104 or through the higher position of container 102, extending.Particularly, static filtering sieve 35 can have filtering surface 35a and pore-free surface 35b.Make the water of flowing through path or flowing to the other end from an end of container 102 by static filtering sieve 35, particularly by filtering surface 35a.In this way, static filtering sieve 35 is divided into upstream region 110 and downstream area 112 with container 102.Upstream region 110 or downstream area 112 or both also can be used as other unit of water treatment system simultaneously.For example, downstream area 112 can be used as the film storage tank.
Pore-free surface 35b can be from extending to more than the upper pond level 108a below the level of tail water 108b.Pore-free surface 35b can cover about 5%～25% of static filtering sieve 35 height.Pore-free surface 35b is used for preventing that upstream region 110 is arranged in the above water of downstream area 112 water level 108b and flows to downstream area 112.This helps to form air lift in upstream region 110 to upstream region 110 inflation the time, and improves the backwash effect that static filtering particularly sieves 35 tops.When not having tangible pore-free surface 35b, rubbish or other solid matter etc. can accumulate in the upper area of filtering surface 35a and finally become no bore portion 35b.Need not to use the mechanically moving parts of contact filtration surface 35a to clean static filtering sieve 35.
During positive operation, the static head difference between the water level 108a of upstream region 110 and the water level 108b of downstream area 112 impels water to flow by static filtering sieve 35.This head difference can be lower, for example is 30cm or following or between between the 15cm to 30cm.Water level 108 can be 2～4 meters usually.
Inlet 116 for example can be pipe or the hole or the space of spacer below, allows water inlet or charging for example to enter upstream region 110 near upstream region 110 bottoms.When the water level 108a of upstream region 110 rises to gap 118 bottoms when above, the moisture residue on sieve of holding back that gap 118 (can be parapet, downflow weir, pipe, raceway groove or further feature) can allow to form discarded or circular flow 120 leaves upstream region 110, and without static filtering sieve 35.Main floss hole 122 and time floss hole 124 can allow to discharge upstream region 110 and downstream area 112 respectively.Floss hole 122,124 can be unified the dress valve as shown in the figure, and perhaps independence is adorned valve and allowed floss hole 122,124 to open separately.Aerating device 38 can be positioned at upstream region 110 as the air pocket aerating device, for example near the bottom 104 of container 102 and near the static filtering sieve 35.Can send into filtered airflow 126 or backwash air-flow 128 or both to aerating device 38 in the different moment.Air-flow 126,128 can or be connected flow control valve on the compressed air source from the air blast of a source such as variable-speed blower, a plurality of independent controls.Filtered airflow 126 can be at no flow to the scope of backwash air-flow 128 speed 1/2nd.
Required backwash frequency and sieves load factor, rubbish tolerance, sieves surface area are relevant with upstream region 110 capacity.For example, the sieves surface area of pilot system is 5.4ft
2, at 5.5gpm/ft
2The sieves load factor under operate, this sieves load factor allows the rubbish tolerance of 3g/L.The capacity of upstream region 110 is 75L.Feed rate is 30gpm (5.5gpm/ft
2* 5.4ft
2), the maximum of upstream region 110 allows that the sanitary fill amount is 225g (3g/L * 75L).Closed end filter and charging 116 in rubbish concentration be under the situation of 150mg/L, suppose that static filtering sieve 35 stops rubbish fully, reached maximum rubbish load in about 13 minutes, thereby needs backwash in per 13 minutes is once.Backwash frequency can change between 2 to 60 minutes or 5 to 30 minutes.
For example can be by providing backwash air-flow 128 to carry out backwash to aerating device 38.Backwash air-flow 128 can reduce water in the upstream region 110 density, make solid matter floating, produce air lift or bring into play these combinations of two or more effects on.For example, provide air with the speed of 2～10scfm to the upstream region 110 of 67.5L, form 3～20% gas-liquid ratio in the water of upstream region 110, this gas-liquid ratio is equivalent to the reduction of fluid density in the upstream region approximately.The gas-liquid ratio is usually with the air velocity linear change.Backwash air-flow 128 causes the reverse flow by sieves 35.In reverse flow process, for example via main floss hole 122, or be elevated to gap more than 118 by the water level 108a that makes upstream region 110, if perhaps before the water level 108a on the gap 118 then on gap 118, further promote upper pond level 108a, water is removed from upstream region 110, to remove the accumulation solid matter of carrying secretly in the backwash stream.When the forward filter stage finished, driving head can rise to 10～30cm water column.Backwash air-flow 128 can have such speed, makes air trapping amount or be captured in the density that air capacity in the fluid column reduces mixture, so that the static head of upstream region 110 is lower than the static head of downstream area 112.Backwash air-flow 128 can be the covering of upstream region 110 or looks squarely the 10-50scfm/ft of area
2Sustainable 5 to 60 seconds or 10 to 20 seconds backwash stage.In backwash process, the water that enters inlet 116 can continue to reclaim holding back or the waste solid material of upstream region 110 by by-pass to static filtering sieve 35 and assistance.Perhaps, in backwash process, can stop by entering the mouth 116 feed flow.For example, the incoming flow by inlet 116 can be 0%～100% or 10%～100% of upstream region 110 capacity in the backwash process.Thereby, consider incoming flow and, in backwash process, can discharge 25%～250% or 40%～150% of upstream region 110 capacity from the backwash of downstream area 112 stream.
The speed of air-flow 126,128 with by static filtering sieve 35 allow that head is relevant, with permission forward filter and backwash.For example, if inflation and gap 118 are the modes that dewater in the backwash process, then the relation of poor, the gap of maximum head 118 height, level of tail water 108b and backwash air-flow 128 is, backwash air-flow 128 must be enough to cause backwash in conjunction with other condition, and the water in the upstream region 110 reaches gap 118.On the contrary, in the forward filter process, upstream and downstream zone 110,112 head difference of the required scope of given gap height 118 or level of tail water 108b restriction, make filtered airflow 126 enough greatly washing away static filtering sieve 35 and to avoid quick obstruction, but not big to unnecessarily or exceedingly reducing effective head.
If container 102 comprises membrane module at downstream area 112, then can unclamp membrane module and promptly reduce seepage velocity or stop infiltration, descend to reduce the level of tail water 108b that infiltration causes in the sieves backwash process.In addition, the backwash that can carry out membrane module in the sieves backwash process adds water with zone 112 downstream, and can temporarily improve the water level 108b of downstream area 122.In some systems, randomly temporarily stop the feeding 116 of upstream region 110, the backwash membrane assembly can only cause the backwash of static filtering sieve 35 or impel in backwash process middle and lower reaches zone 112 and keep high water level 108b.For utilizing this effect, for example the controller by control backwash air-flow 128 controlled filters sieve backwash process can be communicated with the controller of controlling diaphragm infiltration or backwash process, so that sieves backwash and film are lax or backwash completely or partially in turn, simultaneously or on the time roughly mutually near-earth carry out, for example film backwash or lax beginning begin a little earlier or with sieves 35 backwashes simultaneously.In this case, sieves 35 backwash frequency can be complementary with the mark or the multiple of film backwash or lax frequency.Adjustable parameters, the for example sieves aeration speed during sieves opening size, sieves load factor, upstream region recirculating mass, the filtration, the loads of fixed solid material etc. are so that the equal isodisperse of film backwash or lax frequency or multiple are suitable as the sieves backwash frequency.
But filter plant 100 binding film water treatment systems are used.Filter plant 100 protection downstream film.Before filter plant 100 can directly place film,, for example membrane module is placed downstream area 112 so that film is avoided the pollution of treatment system upstream portion.Except that diaphragm, filter plant 100 can allow film to fill with higher density or operate under the situation of flux increase or cleaning or inflation minimizing.Filter assemblies 100 can replace, eliminates or reduce the needs that upstream operations filters.Static filtering sieve 35 can have 3mm or littler opening.Circle or square aperture are preferred, but also can adopt other shape.The opening size of punching is defined as the diameter of circular port or the minimal openings width of non-circular hole.The opening size of screen openings is defined as width (as using square mesh) or minimum widith (if opening is rectangle) between the screen cloth fiber edge.Non-circular punching or rectangular sieve mesh opening preferably are not more than 5 times or 2 times of minimal openings width along the A/F of any direction.
In this article, word " rubbish " is meant that any yardstick is 1mm or above solid particle.Yet, but filter plant 100 also diaphragm avoid suffering other bad solid matter.It is 20 μ m or above any solid matter that word " bad solid matter " in this article refers to any yardstick.Rubbish and bad solid matter may originally promptly be present in in the water, be incorporated in the water treatment system or in water treatment system after the feeding and be combined to form by smaller particles.Rubbish can comprise hair, plastics chip, vegetal debris or other solid matter that tangles or gather.Bad solid matter can comprise the grains of sand, ovum or other solid matter.Usually, rubbish is often bigger to the destructiveness of film than other bad solid matter.3mm or littler opening size can provide significant protection at rubbish.In addition, the inventor observes less than the solid matter of opening size and can be caught by the static filtering sieve.Yet under the situation of only washing away with backwash and air as clean operation, less opening size can help operation.For example, 1mm or littler opening can avoid following closely the feeding that card comprises hair or short fiber, thereby reduce cleaning and safeguard that static filtering sieves 35 needs.Yet the solid that too small opening may be difficult to clean and provide unnecessary is removed.For example, for the membrane bioreactor that filters mixed liquor, although the diameter of hair is significantly less than 1mm, 1mm or littler opening size are still removed a large amount of hairs.Yet as if 0.5mm or littler opening size also will be removed a large amount of paper fibers, although the paper fiber is easy to by bigger opening.The destructiveness of paper fiber is significantly less than hair and can biodegradation in system.When the inadequate protection ratio of susceptible of proof adopts 0.5mm or littler opening the paper fiber residual cause the sieves loss of flood peak and sieves surface 35b to safeguard to increase favourable.For those reasons, the opening size of the preferred 0.5～1mm of the inventor is used to filter mixed liquor.Yet for example when filtering surface water, the solid matter load is lower and the biodegradation of bad solid matter does not take place, thereby can use less opening size.For example, 250 μ m or littler or 100 μ m or littler opening size provide the protection of enhancing and have the acceptable sieves loss of flood peak and maintenance.Littler opening, for example 50 μ m or littler or 20 μ m～50 μ m also can advantageously remove algae etc., thereby the film or the systematic function of raising are provided, and are enough to remedy the further increase of the sieves loss of flood peak and maintenance.
Backwash water or useless flowing water are the diluted suspensions of waste material, and can deliver to upstream process groove or effluent or tributary treatment trough, and is as recoil water collecting groove, depositing reservoir, hydrocyclone, perhaps directly discarded.Downstream part 112 preferably has enough capacity, only is to pass the mark of the maximum head difference of static filtering sieve 35 as 1/2 or littler thereby backwash makes the reduction of downstream area water level 108b, for example reduces about 15cm or littler or about 10cm or littler.Backwash air-flow 128 requires to have at short notice sizable flow, can by from existing source or the source with other purposes for example film wash away air or aerobic groove air shunting air, backwash air-flow 128 is provided.
The feature of filter plant 100 makes it be used for ideally coming diaphragm by the continuous filtration mixed liquor, and this will be the main application of the following stated.Yet filter assemblies 100 also can be used for other purposes.Described other purposes comprises the filtration raw sewage, particularly in the low marine vessel applications of the tankage of load factor and storage feeding and filtered water, perhaps in other small-sized Waste Water Treatment.Filter plant 100 also can be used for diaphragm filtering surface or other water, quotes water or industrial water or carries out three-stage filtration with formation.In this case, static filtering sieve 35 can adopt less opening as 250 microns or littler or 100 microns or littler, to remove bad particle, as the grains of sand, barnacle ovum (Barnacle egg) etc.Filter assemblies 100 also can be used for removing algae or the floccule in the surface water or is used for strengthening and solidifies filtration application.In these cases, the opening of static pressure filter 35 can be 50 microns or littler, and filter assemblies 100 can provide effective separating step.
The SSA ratio is about 1 under the enough situation of simple and easy sieves.In the application of having relatively high expectations, can use SSA
RatioBe 2 or above, 5 or above or 10 or more than, 2～15 static filtering sieve for example.Four kinds of designs sample design and sieves area separately is as shown in table 1 among Figure 10.Hypothesis sieves traverse is before the standard cell that is called the ZeeWeedTM500d assembly that Zenon Environmental Inc. makes in this table, and these grooves have the width of 3m (10ft), operate under the depth of water of about 2.75m (9ft).For ease of relatively, 3 non-tablet sieves are designed to have are 9 identical SSA
Ratio RateAt identical SSA
RatioBefore the static filtering sieve is placed rather than is horizontally placed on groove along the side of groove, can provide bigger filter table area down.
Table 1
| The sieves design | Key dimension | Surface area m 2(ft 2) | SSA Ratio |
| Flat screen (a) | Groove width: the 3m depth of water: 2.75m screen grading (screenfraction): 0.9 | 7.4(80) | 0.9 |
| Wavy sieve (b) | The depth of convolution: 300mm pitch of waves c/c:50mm wave number: 60 sieves are high: 2.3m screen grading: 0.9 | 74(800) | 9 |
| Vertical cylinder sieve (c) | Drum diameter: 100mm drum length: 2.0m cylinder number: 117 c/c spacings: 125mm top board diameter: 0.6m * 3.0m | 74(800) | 9 |
| Horizontal drum sieve (d) | Drum diameter: 60mm drum length: 0.5m cylinder number: 785 c/c spacing: 100mm | 74(800) | 9 |
Flat screen or wavy sieve for example can be made by the wire, plastic optical fibre or the fabric fibre that weave or be welded into screen cloth or fabric, are perhaps made by perforated plate.Drum sieve for example also can be made by wire mesh screen, plastic mesh or punching or moulding part.Also can adopt other material and structure.
To Figure 10 design (a) split shed is the test shows of the flat screen of 0.75mm, and whether according to cleaning frequency, rubbish concentration and exist by for example about 1Q of the recirculation flow of upstream region 110, this static filtering sieves can handle 3-6gpm/ft
2Discovery can be flow through static filtering sieve 35 surfaces and via gap 118 or other recirculation flow that exports discharge the allowable load rate improved 1.5～2.5gpm/ft
2In groove width is that the 10ft and the depth of water are under the situation of 9ft, and when providing 3 ＂ to be used for support structure on whole 4 faces, dull and stereotyped static filtering sieve 35 has about 80 square feet area.This sieves is suitable for following application: have the flow of the most about 2Q and hold boxlike 48-64ZeeWeed
TMThe groove of 500 film units perhaps has flow and two such boxes of 1Q.Suitable application can comprise filtration plant, small-scale sewage system or boats and ships or military waste water system.Being changed to wavy static filtering sieve 35 allows higher flow or place more film unit in groove.For example, for about 78m
2Or 845ft
2The gross area, wavy static filtering sieve 35 can have the pitch of waves of the degree of depth of 300m, about 60mm, height and 50 circulations of 2.6m.This sieves can allow to hold about 192～384 ZeeWeed
TMThe groove of 500 film units or 3～8 boxes has the flow of 3-6Q, and the flow by static filtering sieve 35 is 5gpm/ft
2Or below.This static filtering sieve 35 for example can be used for bigger Waste Water Treatment.
Similarly, also allow to improve flow according to selection scheme among Figure 10 (c) or design (d).For example, 16 high for 9 ', diameter provides 465 square feet filter table area for 14.5 inches drum sieve for 12 ＂, center distance.This should be enough to make 64～224 ZeeWeed
TMUnit 500 or 1～4 box can have the flow of 3～6 Q.Under above-mentioned all situations, can increase the number or the flow (multiple of Q) of film unit by changing the flat shape of film storage tank.For example, if rearrange film and cell wall, static filtering sieve 35 is placed along bigger yardstick, and the inlet 116 of shifting chute is with feeding upstream region 110 so that groove is bigger on a yardstick.For example, before static filtering sieve 35 can rather than be horizontally placed on groove along one or two edge of elongated slot, shown in Fig. 2 B.For filter assemblies 100 being used for the application of large-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant or other high strength, use one or more big SSA that have
Ratio Static filtering sieve 35, and static filtering sieve 35 placed along the length direction of groove, perhaps have cross-flow or circular flow to pass static filtering and sieve 35 surfaces and may suit.
The repetitive cycling of forward filter and backwash is the routine operation pattern during work.In bioreactor, during this mode of operation, rubbish with a certain size that filter plant 100 is caught or bad solid matter are piled up the concentration that reaches certain in living beings, this concentration is substantially equal to the concentration that SRT and the ratio of HRT multiply by this solid matter in the charging.During the optional operation pattern, when for example night or other period use flow velocity to reduce, filter plant 100 long-plays, for example move 1 hour or more than, and do not have backwash.This causes the concentration of rubbish in the upstream region 110 or bad solid matter to increase.When this should finish in the stage, rubbish or bad solid matter were excreted in for example discarded activated sludge holding tank via gap or floss hole.This makes removes a large amount of rubbish or bad solid matter from system, exceeded rubbish or the bad solid matter removed with waste sludge usually.Can repeat this process if necessary to remove more rubbish.Thereby, the above-mentioned concentration the when mean concentration of the solid matter that filter plant 100 is tackled can be less than routine operation.Adopt this additional concentrated and drainage step can reduce or exempt the needs of upstream operations or effluent filtration.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the example of Waste Water Treatment 10.This Waste Water Treatment 10 comprises arranged in series but has the pre-sieve of choosing wantonly of certain circulation filter 11, bioreactor 14 and film district 12.In brief, raw sewage 18 or be called into water or charging randomly flows into Waste Water Treatments 10 through pre-sieve filter 11, treated water 24 or be called penetrating fluid or water outlet is flowed out from Waste Water Treatment 10 through film district 12.
In some embodiments, pre-sieve filter 11 filters raw wastewater 18 (being raw sewage) through design, to reach the input level that conventional activated sludge factory can accept, this typically refers to the cross section and is sieved filter 11 interceptions in advance greater than the detritus (for example timber, fish, rubbish, hair and fibre bundle etc.) of 3mm～6mm, and allows less detritus (comprising hair etc.) by entering Waste Water Treatment 10.In the replaceability embodiment, sieve filter 11 in advance through adjusting to satisfy the requirement of concrete application apparatus.Thereby, can allow the detritus little or bigger to pass through specific pre-sieve filter 11 than above-mentioned detritus.
Usually, bioreactor 14 is constituted separately or with various by one or more anaerobic zones, one or more anoxic zone or one or more aerobic zone without limitation.According to instantiation shown in Figure 1, bioreactor 14 is made of anoxic zone, upstream 15 and downstream aerobic zone 16, and anoxic zone, upstream 15 flows into downstream aerobic zone 16.In some embodiments, the sewage in one or two district 15,16 of prolonged agitation.Bioreactor 14 also comprises optional side sieve filtration system 32, and the concentration of this side sieve filtration system 32 with hair, rubbish and other fibrous material in the further reduction bioreactor 14 is set.Details about side sieve filtration system 32 is provided in the applicant's that on November 9th, 2004 authorized the U.S. Patent No. 6,814,868, has been incorporated herein it in full as a reference.
In addition, according to the instantiation shown in Figure 1A, film district 12 connects by the downstream fluid of earial drainage 22 at bioreactor 14.Can be via flowing of earial drainage 22 by gravity or pumping.Film district 12 can be made of one or more film storage tanks 21,23 and 25, and described film storage tank can be a plurality of separated regions of a plurality of independently jars or a bigger jar.Film storage tank 21,23,25 has static filtering sieve 31,33 and 35 separately.31,33 and 35 sealings of each static filtering sieve cover and interception corresponding membrane storage tank 21,23 and 25 inlet flow path separately, make the fiber and the quantity of refuse that enter film storage tank 21,23 and 25 in the operating process obviously reduce.In addition, as described in detail below with reference to Fig. 2 A, each film storage tank 21,23 and 25 holds one or more membrane modules 37,38 and 39 separately.Each film storage tank 21,23 and 25 is preferably designed to tight restriction membrane module 37,38 and 39 separately to reduce the required area of film storage tank 21,23 and 25.For example, film storage tank 21,23,25 can have the width than separately membrane module 37,38 and 39 wide 0～60%.
During operation, feed water flow 18 enters Waste Water Treatment 10 through pre-sieve filter 11, sieve filter 11 filtered water inlets stream 18 in advance, thereby detritus sheet that will be bigger or detritus bundle is blocked in outside the Waste Water Treatment 10.
Then, enter the anoxic zone 15 of bioreactor 14 through the feed water flow 18 of filtering, 15 correspondingly handle and converge with mixed liquor in the anoxic zone.Mixed liquor from anoxic zone 15 flow to aerobic zone 16, correspondingly handles once more in aerobic zone 16, is merged into as the inflation mixed liquor.
The inflation mixed liquor leaves bioreactor 14 by earial drainage 22, sends into film district 12 in turn.In film district 12, mixed liquor is transported in film storage tank 21,23 and 25 through corresponding static sieves 31,33 and 35 at first respectively.Static filtering sieve 31,33 and 35 is used for protecting the membrane module 37,38 and 39 of each film storage tank 21,23 and 25; in order to avoid for example suffer perhaps to pollute the rubbish of bioreactor 14 again in bioreactor 14 by by the less twisted wire of pre-sieve filter 11, than the hair bundle of rubbish that granule is formed together as tangling and gathering.As following further described in detail with reference to figure 2A, a kind of mode that processing can not be sieved 31,33 and 35 residue on sieve by static filtering is with they refunds bioreactors 14 via inferior RAS stream 28.In some embodiments, the flow velocity of inferior RAS stream 28 is approximately identical with the mean flow rate Q (as 0.5～1.5 Q) of Waste Water Treatment.Yet inferior RAS stream 28 may not be to flow with constant speed, and above-described flow velocity can be the mean value in a period of time.For example, when importing the mode backwash sieves 25 of time RAS stream 28 according to making backwash liquor or backwash solid matter flow into time downflow weir 29, as described further below, the flow velocity of inferior RAS stream 28 may be minimum during by sieves or be zero in the liquid forward flow, is 4-6 Q in the process of backwash sieves 35.As mentioned above, also the constant flow rate of for example 0.5-2 Q of inferior RAS stream 28 can be superimposed upon on these flow velocitys.Time flowing of RAS stream 28 can be by means of gravity when for example being in the position that is higher than bioreactor 14 in film district 12, perhaps for example when bioreactor 14 is in the position that is higher than film district 12, randomly after flowing into well, pond or irrigation canals and ditches by means of gravity, flowing of inferior RAS stream 28 can be by means of pump.Replaceability ground or extraly can be removed residue on sieve, and dispose as discarded activated sludge (WAS) from Waste Water Treatment 10.
Treatedly go out current 24 and leave from the per-meate side of membrane module 37,38 and 39.Send RAS (comprising the material that membrane module is stopped in the tunicle district 12) back to bioreactor 14 via main RAS stream 26.In some embodiments, the flow velocity of main RAS stream 26 is about 3 or 4 times of mean flow rate Q (for example 2.5 Q～4.5 Q) of Waste Water Treatment.Required flow rate by static filtering sieve 31,33,35 can be 3.5～5.5 Q.Replaceability ground or extraly, as described below waste sludge can being removed from Waste Water Treatment 10, and correspondingly dispose.
Independently, optional side sieve filtration system 32 can be removed mixed liquor from bioreactor 14 a part, thus before being introduced bioreactor 15 again, from mixed liquor, removes filtered mixed liquor rubbish, hair and other fibrous material.Particularly, as shown in Figure 1, connect optional side sieve filtration system 32,, and filtered mixed liquor introduced aerobic zone 16 again with a part of removing mixed liquor from the aerobic zone 16 of bioreactor 14.
In some embodiments, side sieve filtration system is with constant operated in flow rate, and this flow velocity can be by 25%～75% of the mean flow rate Q of Waste Water Treatment.In some relevant embodiments, one or more sides sieve filtration systems can be placed on a plurality of diverse locations in the Waste Water Treatment, to filter mixed liquor and subsequently mixed liquor to be introduced again same position or another location in the Waste Water Treatment.The applicant's U.S. Patent No. 6,814,868 provides the details of filtering about the side sieve.Side sieve filtration system has reduced entanglement or the hair that gathers or the concentration of similar substance and other rubbish in the bioreactor 14, but they is not eliminated.
Can impel mixed liquor to flow through Waste Water Treatment 10 in many ways.According to first selection scheme, mixed liquor is pumped to film district 12 from bioreactor 14; The RAS stream that utilizes gravity to make to converge is circulated back to bioreactor 14.By the height of downflow weir 27, control the water level of mixed liquor in one or more film storage tanks 21,23,25 with respect to main RAS stream 26.Advantageously, buoyant foam on the downflow weir 27 and/or scum silica frost are sent bioreactor 14 back to from film district 12 passively, yet also can adopt the alternate manner of RAS circulation and foam or scum silica frost control.Perhaps, according to second selection scheme, mixed liquor flow to (for example assisting down at gravity) film district 12 from bioreactor 14 passively; Use pumping mechanism to make the RAS stream that converges be circulated to bioreactor 14.Advantageously, according to second selection scheme, the RAS pump needn't be handled osmotic flow, thereby has reduced the maximum pumping requirement of system.
Refer now to Fig. 2 A, show the side view of film storage tank 25 shown in Figure 1, this film storage tank 25 is furnished with corresponding static sieves 35 so that integral type filter plant 100 to be provided.Static filtering sieve 35 is placed so that upstream region 110 to be provided near the entrance side of film storage tank 25.Particularly, static filtering sieve 35 extends along the width of film storage tank 25, extends to mixed liquor design maximum water level at least from the bottom of film storage tank 25, and cooperates with the bottom and the side seal of film storage tank 25 usually.Pore-free surface 35b can extend to more than the upper pond level 108a from the top around the framework of sieves surface 35a below the level of tail water 108a.In this layout, it is upstream region 110 and downstream area 112 that static filtering sieve 35 is divided into two parts with film storage tank 25.Upstream region 110 links to each other with earial drainage 22 fluids, and earial drainage 22 is inputs of upstream region 110, introduces mixed liquor by pumping or gravity flow.Downstream area 112 comprises membrane module 37,38 and 39 (the following stated).Film storage tank 21 and 23 and film storage tank 25 basic identical.Static filtering sieve 35 comprises the air pocket aerating device 38 that is used for air scour and air-flow initiation backwash.Connect aerating device 38 and add calm the anger (usually via air blast, inflation sieve 40) with reception.
Mixed liquor enters film storage tank 25 at film storage tank 25 entrance sides (in the upstream portion 110 of film storage tank 25) that static filtering sieves 35 upstreams during operation.Before the mixed liquor that allows to enter film storage tank 25 flow to membrane module 37a, 37b, 37c and 37d, static filtering sieve 35 leached most of hair bundle that tangles and gather etc. from mixed liquor.The hair bundles that tangle and gather etc. are caught by static filtering sieve 35 and are finally connected via the fluid of homogeneous RAS stream 28 together and go out, for example can common time RAS stream 28 be designed to support to be substantially equal to average input flow velocity Q (for example 0.5～1.5 Q) mobile of Waste Water Treatment 10.In addition, also can utilize with time fluid of RAS stream 28 to be connected, carry out periodic reverse flow with cleaning static filtering sieve 35, thereby make the mud that flows in opposite direction return bioreactor 14 through sieves.
The mixed liquor of the static filtering of flowing through sieve 35 or serious offense screen 93 flows through membrane module 37a, 37b, 37c and 37d, and each free a large amount of membrane fiber of described membrane module constitute.Thereby before mixed liquor was introduced membrane module 37a, 37b, 37c and 37d, static filtering sieve 35 or serious offense screen 93 were by continuing to filter diaphragm assembly 37a, 37b, 37c and 37d to mixed liquor.Membrane fiber hollow, porous flow into the hollow inside of membrane fiber thereby allow to be called purifying waste water of penetrating fluid from mixed liquor.Then, will be drawn into out the current 24 from film storage tank 25 through the infiltration water that filters via osmotic flow.
Aerated flow 40 is delivered to each membrane module 37a, 37b, 37c and 37d.Aerated flow 40 links to each other with the bottom of each membrane module 37a, 37b, 37c and 37d, and the release bubble washes away with the air that each membrane fiber (not shown) is provided.Aerated flow 40 also links to each other with the air pocket aerating device 38 that static filtering sieves 35 belows, contact to be provided and to rise through the bubble of static filtering sieve 35.This helps to slow down the fouling of static filtering sieve 35 and makes the object material floats of holding back to time RAS stream 28.Perhaps, can provide independent aerated flow 40 to membrane module 37a, 37b, 37c and 37d and static filtering sieve 35.Sustainably, intermittently or periodically provide air or other gas to one or more strands of aerated flows 40.Can operate air valve 41 to allow providing air or other gas to sieves 35 or membrane module 37 or both in the given arbitrarily moment.For example, can provide gas to membrane module 37 in as 50%～95% operating time in most of operating time, and intermittently turn to sieves 35 that gas is provided.Perhaps, can gas be provided and not consider the needs of sieves 35, when needed sieves 35 inflations not considered the needs of membrane module 37 to membrane module 37.Yet, because density to sieves 35 inflations reduction sieves 35 upper waters, this has disturbed liquid to the flowing of membrane module 37, thereby can be only periodically, for example as described below only before sieves 35 backwashes and/or in the backwash process to sieves 35 inflations.Replaceability ground or extraly, with enough intensity periodically to sieves 35 inflations, to cause the backwash of sieves 35 by the density that reduces sieves 35 upper waters.In the strong gas replenishment process, the backwash liquor of process sieves 35 can flow to time RAS passage 28 or mix with the upstream or the other parts of whole system.These and other explanation that relates to a sieves 35 is applicable to other sieves 31,33,93.
For example, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 A, sieves 35 can be operated under the loss of the maximum head of this sieves of flowing through be the situation of 15～30cm.In sieves 35 course of normal operation, liquid flow is by sieves 35.When liquid flow is by sieves,, provide air to the aerating device 38 of sieves 35 with the speed of the about 0.5～2.0scfm of sieves 35 every horizontal linear foots (horizontal linear foot).Thus for sieves 35 provides to a certain degree cleaning, and do not cause the head of not allowing of the sieves 35 of flowing through to reduce.In this process, also only there is few liquid or solid material to spill in time RAS stream 28 even if having.In this process, as required, also can provide air to membrane module 37.Can by periodically (for example between one minute once to one hour once between) carry out the inflation of higher rate, come backwash sieves 35.For example, in about 5～20 seconds backwash stage, speed that can the about 8～12scfm of sieves 35 every horizontal linear foots provides air to the aerating device 38 of sieves 35.If necessary, can control air valve 41 from the air-flow of membrane module 37 shunting air with increase sieves 35.The inflation of this higher rate causes sieves 35 upstream liquid density to reduce, and perhaps causes liquid to flow through sieves 35 backward.Simultaneously, solid matter and liquid make progress floating or mobile in the upstream of sieves 35 and spill in time RAS stream 28.After the backwash stage, inflation rate is got back to lower level, so that liquid recovers normal forward flow by sieves 35.Can increase air-flow with auxiliary backwash sieves 35 before or meanwhile, backwash membrane assembly 37.In the water filtering system of common film surface area (proportional with the feed water flow Q that flows into filter plant 100) greater than waste plant, the water yield that film backwash process middle and lower reaches zone 112 increases may be huge, even may be enough to independent backwash sieves 35.
The mud that extracts from film storage tank 25 by membrane fiber does not flow to shared main RAS stream 26 via the fluid connection usually, but some is discharged by floss hole 51,52.
In additional, optional cleaning course, can discharge solid matter by backwash and from the upstream of static filtering sieve 31,33,35, purify static filtering sieve 35 (and static filtering sieve 31 and 33).For carrying out this process, draining valve 54 to be opened, mixed liquor flows out by main floss hole 51 and time floss hole 52 respectively.Because main floss hole 51 is greater than inferior floss hole 52, thereby more mixed liquor flows through main floss hole 51, causes the mixed liquor in the film storage tank 25 to flow through static filtering sieve 35 along opposite direction, rather than proper flow when closing as draining valve 56.At this moment, can make the mixed liquor deceleration or stop to flow through earial drainage circuit 22, perhaps can make discharge speed greater than the flow velocity of mixed liquor by earial drainage circuit 22.Make the mixed liquor reverse flow remove a part at least and accumulated in rubbish that static filtering sieves 35 upstreams, one side, detritus, dirt, fiber etc. by static filtering sieve 35.With these emission of substance of at least a portion and too fine and close and be difficult to be floated to time solid matter of RAS stream 28 and discharge from the zone that static filtering sieves 35 upstreams.Perhaps, can promote this operation, but control pump is so that mixed liquor flows through one or more film storage tanks 25 along the direction opposite with normal direction by means of pump.Can be before discharging or backwash membrane assembly in the discharge process, to assist backwash sieves 35.
Fig. 2 C shows another treatment system 400, this treatment system 400 have bioreactor 14, film district 12 and with film storage tank 25 incorporate filter plants 402.Perhaps, filter plant 402 can be in the individual slots of film storage tank 25 upstreams.Reduced to hold the size of upstream region 112 of film storage tank 25 of membrane module 37 and the size of bioreactor 14 in the figure, bigger with what the upstream region 110 of film storage tank 25 can be drawn.In the earial drainage circuit 22 from bioreactor 14 flowing to film district 12 by means of pump 302.RAS 26,28 is back in the bioreactor 14 via the pipe fitting with check (non-return) valve 304 (being derived from the pipe fitting of RAS26, not shown) by means of gravity.Perhaps, the U.S. Patent application No.60/798 that submits on May 8th, 2006 as Theodoulou etc. described in 294, perhaps as described at the b part and Figure 13 of the application Figure 12, can adopt " pumping (pump from) " to arrange.The film storage tank of combining 25 and the upstream region 110 of filter plant 100 and downstream area 112 are separated by spacer 300, and this spacer 300 also sieves 35 pore-free surface 35b as static filtering.On static filtering sieve 35 pillars 404 that are placed on film storage tank 25 bottom surfaces.Randomly, static filtering sieve 35 can directly be placed on the bottom surface of film storage tank 25 or remain in the framework that is suspended in film storage tank 25 tops.The cylinder 306 that static filtering sieve 35 has the open and top seal in one group of bottom or covers, described cylinder has the opening of 0.75mm, as filtering surface 35a.Randomly, can adopt filtering surface with other shape, material or opening size.The U.S. Patent application No.60/797 that submits on May 5th, 2006 as Cote etc., described in 773, perhaps as the application with reference to as described in the figure 6～11, cylinder 306 can be made two parts.Cylinder 306 links to each other with collector 308, and collector 308 has and passes the outlet 310 that spacer 300 leads to downstream area 112.The bottom 10-20cm of cylinder 306 can randomly have no bore portion 312.These no bore portions 312 can be the products of structure collector 308, these no bore portions 312 perhaps can be set to strengthen the bottom horizontal flow sheet of water to aerating device 38.Valve 406 can be arranged in the outlet 310, and can close when needed to allow discharging upstream region 110 and not discharge downstream area 112, and is perhaps opposite.Can be to upstream region 110 inflation, with under before the discharging material being washed away from static filtering sieve 35 or vibrating.This method for example can be used as the conventional clean method of replaceability, sometimes be used for removing the solid matter that can not swim on the gap 118, perhaps be used for when allowing solid matter to accumulate in above-mentioned night of upstream region 110 or low discharge operator scheme to finish, removing solid matter from upstream region 110 from upstream region 110.For example can further handle, discard or reclaim emission of substance.
Fig. 3 A and 3B show the replaceability filter plant 602 that is used for treatment system 400 shown in Fig. 2 C.In filter plant 602, bottom collection tube 604 has inlet 606, and this inlet is used to hold the bottom of sieves cylinder 306 (being vertically oriented, not shown).The open bottom of cylinder 306 is for example placed and is fixed on the inlet 606 by being clamped in inlet 606 tops, thereby cylinder 306 is connected on the acquisition system 608, and this acquisition system 608 comprises pipe 604 and optional collector 610.Acquisition system 608 will be introduced the membrane portions of basin through the water that filters via collector 610, and described collector 610 can pass the hole on the tube wall 300 shown in Fig. 2 C and feed downstream area 112.The abilities that this design utilizes water velocity lasting downward in the cylinder 306 that solid matter is stopped or accumulates in the cylinder 306 are reduced to minimum level.
Go along with sb. to guard him framework 612 limiting filters sieve cylinder 306 and hold acquisition system 608.In addition, sieves aerating device 38 is combined on the framework 612.Space between the collection tube 604 allows bubble to rise to sieves cylinder 306 from aerating device 38.Framework 612 can be via annex 614 bolts on framework 612 tops on the top or wall of groove 25.Can use in guardrail 616, spacer body 618 or other supporting structure one or more, make cylinder 306 keep being vertically oriented.
With reference to figure 6～11, filter assemblies can be made by long sieves.Long sieves can have circular cross-section, but also can adopt other shape, comprises square and star.Cylindrical or rectangle can or can for example can be adopted not along length variations along length variations in the cross section, but also can adopt taper shape or pyramid.
Filter assemblies (SA) can be made into 1,2,3 or more part of sub-assembly of self-supporting, and required screen openings for example externally is provided.Can followingly make two formula SA:
Inside can be the rigid pipe of being made by the coarse mesh material, and is inner for the outside provides mechanical support, and fluid resistance is minimized.The rigid pipe of various sizes (for example, as shown in Figure 6 or longer pipe) can be available from how tame supplier, comprise InterNet (
Http:// internetplastic.com/filtration.htm).Suitable pipe available from InterNet is the parts R N7480 with following specification:
Internal diameter (inch): 2.865
External diameter (inch): 3.045
Wall thickness (inch): 0.090
MD radical: 35
Cross section radical (radical of per inch): 3.75
Hole dimension (inch): 0.2 * 0.2
Opening (%): 50
The outside can be the plastic wire that surrounds rigid pipe.The outside for example can be in its one or both ends or along SA welding on the track longitudinally, gluing, sew up or be clamped on the inside.Opening shape is that the plastic wire of rhombus, rectangle and square various sizes can be available from how tame supplier.Suitable pipe available from InterNet is the parts XN6070 with following specification:
Nominal pore size (inch): 0.021 * 0.027
Thickness (inch): 0.014
Roll up wide (inch): 43.5
The radical of per inch (MD * CD): 27.6 * 25.0
Opening (%): 35
SA can be made by any plastic material.For example can use polyolefin (PP or PE), the polyolefin cost is low and can weld.
The diameter of SA or have the diameter of a circle that equates average cross-section with SA for example can be at 5cm～15cm, perhaps change in 7cm～12cm.The CA that is made by parts R N7480 and XN6070 is shown in Fig. 7.
SA also can be made of single rigid pipe, needs this rigid pipe is selected, so that required hole dimension to be provided at target application.Also can use for example metal of other material.
SA also can be made of 3 parts, and wherein every part can be brought into play following effects:
Part 1: inner extra heavy pipe, it is used to provide mechanical support
Part 2: the intermediate layer, it is used to provide required hole dimension
Part 3: outer thick layer, it is used for supporting the intermediate layer in backwash process, protects frangible intermediate layer, and/or impels formation cake layer (cake layer) on the outer surface in intermediate layer
Can come to seal or cover the end of SA, and the other end be communicated with the downstream area fluid of immersion sieves via following collector by the end covering of net is made on the net exterior section that is positioned at SA one end with net.
The effect of collector is that one or more SA are remained on original position and filtered liquid is delivered to the downstream area of immersion or static filtering sieve.Then, filtered liquid marches to another downstream reservoir or zone, for example film storage tank or film district.Collector can be used for SA is installed in the zone of basin, and this zone separates (Fig. 8) by vertical dividing wall and the part of holding submerged membrane.
As shown in Figure 8, collector for example can be HSM pipeline or groove.
Hollow structure parts (HSM) are for example for having the pipeline of circle, square or square-section, and SA is fixed on that (Fig. 9 a) on the described pipeline.HSM can be lain in a horizontal plane in the sieves zone of basin and make SA face down, towards last or be level towards, perhaps HSM vertically can be placed and make SA in horizontal direction.The HSM pipeline passes vertical dividing wall and the downstream of immersion sieves is communicated with the submerged membrane regional fluid.A plurality of HSM pipelines can walk abreast and place and have certain clearance, so that rubbish, empty G﹠W can rise and overflow in backwash process.Exemplary dimensions is as described below:
The width of HSM: bigger by 5～25% than the OD of SA
The height of HSM depends on flow required length and the cross section 2-3 of width (be generally doubly)
5～50 SA of each HMS, spacing distance is " x "
Gap between the HSM: " y "
Distance " x " and " y " can be to be submerged 4～10 times of rubbish of the maximum of formula sieves removing.For example, if maximum rubbish is 6mm (being the opening of MBR middle and upper reaches operation scalping), then " x " and " y " can be 24～60mm.
Installation based on the immersion sieves of HSM pipeline is shown in Figure 10; The liquid filtered of HSM top.Water inlet is guided to the bottom in sieves zone.In backwash process, rubbish, empty G﹠W at first vertically flow and rise to HSM pipeline top, and bottom horizontal flow sheet is to overflowing groove then.
Groove shape collector is the horizontal structure body, and it keeps SA and the filtration fluid directly over it.This groove can be made flat board, and SA is distributed onboard along one or two direction, perhaps this groove can be made the long U-lag (Fig. 9 c) of a series of assemblings that walk abreast.Gap between the SA is based on standard given above.
Installation based on the immersion sieves of groove shape collector is shown in Figure 11; The liquid of groove top is through filtering.Water inlet is guided to the bottom in sieves zone.In backwash process, rubbish, empty G﹠W are retained in the following also bottom horizontal flow sheet of groove to overflowing groove.
In two kinds of collector designs, the SA zone of close collector can be solid (not having filtering surface or other opening), leaks into the downstream to prevent air.This zone also can have than the little diameter in sieves zone, to increase the sectional area of the following bottom horizontal flow sheet of groove in the backwash process.Collector can have along the length of the enough SA of basin width support or provide required SSA ratio to sieve the desired length of flow to satisfy required static filtering.
SA can connect and is sealed on the collector by following multiple mode: O type ring, packing ring, adhesive, welding etc.They can be dismountable or permanent fixing.For example, many solid (not having opening) pipes can be connected on groove or the HSM by screwed connection, welding etc.These pipes can have the rubber ring that slides on its outer surface near its end.Rubber ring can have internal diameter identical with the external diameter of solid tubes and the external diameter identical with the internal diameter of SA.Thereby SA is slided, and can utilize for example banded pipe clamp original position clamping SA on rubber tube.
With reference to Figure 12 and 13, membrane bioreactor can be designed to " pumping into (pump-to) " or " pumping " structure on waterpower, with reference to being used to make mixed liquor to cycle through the method (Figure 12) of film storage tank.Although MBR handles the flow velocity of 1.0 x Q,, following reason cycles through the film storage tank owing to needing higher flow velocity:
1. when extracting penetrating fluid, avoid the excessive accumulation of MLSS in the film storage tank
2. make mixed liquor (ML) be circulated to the factory upstream remove the flow velocity that biological nutrition (as shown in figure 12) ML flows to the film storage tank can be between 3 to 10 x Q, 5Q for example, as shown in figure 12.Sometimes adopt and pump structure, this is because the low 1Q (4Q is with respect to 5Q in Figure 12) of the flow velocity of pumping ML means lower energy consumption.
Significant difference is that how the water level in the MBR basin changes corresponding to the variation of the waste water flow velocity that flows to factory between two kinds of structures.In typical MBR, change the flow velocity that osmotic pump extracts, so that keep the constant water level of expection in biology or the film storage tank.Yet in certain scope, biology or film storage tank are used for homogenizing, and their water level can change 50～100cm at most.
Stand big air velocity by the upstream side that makes sieves and also will comprise the backwash ML airlift of rubbish in biological basin to cause reverse flow by sieves, come backwash immersion sieves, be subjected to inflating for example restriction of about 20～40cm of maximum lift of generation.
The method that air causes backwash can easily be used to pump into structure, and (Figure 12 a), this is because of designing this system so that the lowest water level of immersion sieves upstream compartment is on the maximum stage of biological basin always.
Yet if the SEA LEVEL VARIATION in the basin (50-100cm) obviously causes the maximum lift (20-40cm) of backwash greater than air, the method for air initiation backwash may be difficult to use in and pump structure (Figure 12 b).In other words, the downflow weir of air initiation backwash must be arranged on previously selected height; SEA LEVEL VARIATION in the given basin, selected height can't all can be guaranteed backwash in all cases.
In another overflow method and apparatus, the immersion downflow weir is arranged in the upstream region of immersion sieves, be in the height (Figure 12 b) of guaranteeing the backwash sieves.This highly is chosen as for example than the lower slightly several cm of the minimum operation water level of film storage tank.The flowing line of this gap disposes the valve of closing usually.When the immersion sieves needs backwash, this valve to be opened, the water level of immersion sieves upstream region is reduced to the downflow weir water level rapidly, causes the backwash of sieves.This backwash operation will continue 20～60s and can be set at the backwash of film or laxly carry out simultaneously.In the method, the air velocity that flows to sieves does not need to improve in backwash process, but randomly can allow downflow weir higher, and may surpass the minimum operation water level of film storage tank, make the water level of water backwash when the filtering surface upstream region inflated but still be in by filtering surface.
Immersion sieves backwash ML can enter rhone.Pump (can be designed to continuous running) is sent this ML back to biological basin.For example, per hour can carry out 5-10 backwash, sustainable 20～40 seconds of each backwash.For providing effective backwash, the big 5-10% of the comparable flowing velocity of instantaneous backwash flow velocity from biological basin to the immersion sieves.Based on these conditions, the desired volume that can calculate (following example) cesspool less than the biohazard receptacle tankage size 1% or less than 10% of film storage tank capacity.Cesspool pump (if running continuously) can be designed to the flow velocity of 0.25～0.75 x Q.
As option, as the part of backwash flow process, comprise that the access hatch of the film storage tank of sieves upstream region can partially or completely be closed, to reduce backwash flow velocity, the capacity of cesspool and the size of cesspool pump.
For one group of biological basin of given series connection, MBR can have a plurality of film storage tanks in parallel (Figure 13).A plurality of film storage tanks can allow to separate a part of film and clean or maintain, and need not to interrupt the operation (a plurality of biological basins can be used for satisfying the requirement of removing biological nutrition) of factory.When the immersion overflow sieves backwash of this MBR of design, there are two kinds of selection schemes:
1. backwash synchronously.The shared overflow pipe of all film storage tanks can be furnished with single valve, with all immersion sieves of while backwash.In this case, the cesspool capacity is big.
2. independent backwash.The overflow pipe of each basin can be furnished with valve separately, to allow the sieves in each basin of independent backwash.In this case, can make the capacity of cesspool less.
The method for designing of immersion backwash has influence to the air-distribution of immersion sieves.In independent backwash, when supplying with all sieves by a source, the reduction of immersion sieves upstream region middle water level can cause flowing to the air velocity obviously unbalanced (promptly all air may flow to the groove that carries out backwash, i.e. the minimum place of static head, aerating device top) of sieves.For carrying out balance, a solution is to be source of the gas assembling valve, leads to the air of backwash basin with cut-out, perhaps cuts off and leads to the air that sieves does not carry out all basins of backwash.There is not described problem in backwash synchronously.
Embodiment 1 (access hatch is opened)
At Figure 12 b and pumping out system shown in Figure 13, provide this embodiment.
Mean daily flow: 24000m
3/ d
Hydraulic detention time: 8 hours
The total capacity of the biological basin of technology: 24000 * 8/24=8000m
3
Average flux: 0.5m/d (8.94gfd)
Calculate film surface area: 24000/0.5=48000m
2
Use surface area to be 1680m
2The ZeeWeed 500d box of/box
The quantity of calculation box: a 48000/1680=28.5 box
Design system to basin with 6 each self-contained 5 boxes
The film storage tank capacity of a box: 3m * 3m * 2.5m=22.5m
3
Calculate the capacity (diaphragm area) of a film storage tank: 22.5 * 5=112.5m
3
The capacity (each box) that the immersion sieves is required: 3m * 3m * 0.3m=2.7m
3
Calculate the capacity of the immersion sieves of each film storage tank: 2.7 * 5=13.5m
3
Calculate the total capacity of film storage tank: 112.5+13.5=126m
3
Calculate the capacity of all film storage tanks: 126 * 6=756m
3
Calculate the capacity of anoxic groove: 8000 * 1/3=2664m
3
Calculate the capacity of aerobic groove: 8000-2664-756=4580m
3
Setting the backwash duration is 30s
Set the 10%:13.5 * 6 * 0.1=8.1m of exhaust filtering sieve field capacity
3
Set total backwash flow velocity (5Q adds the 1Q backwash) of 6Q:
24000×6/3600/24＝1.66m
3/s
Calculate total backwash capacity: (1.66 * 30)+8.1=58m
3
Calculate cesspool capacity: 58 * 1.25=72.5m according to big 25%
3
Set per hour 10 backwashes
Calculate cesspool flow rate pump: 58/6 * 1440=13920m
3/ d
Calculate the Q mark: 13920/24000=0.58 Q
Can lead to the liquid stream of film storage tank by restriction in backwash process, obviously reduce the backwash capacity.This can realize by partially or completely closed the access hatch that leads to the film storage tank before the beginning backwash.
Embodiment 2 (access hatch is partly closed)
This embodiment is identical with embodiment 1, and different is that access hatch is partly closed, and inlet flow rate is reduced to 1Q.
Set total backwash flow velocity (1Q adds the 1Q backwash) of 2Q:
24000×2/3600/24＝0.55m
3/s
Calculate total backwash capacity: (0.55 * 30)+8.1=24.6m
3
Calculate cesspool capacity: 24.6 * 1.25=30.8m according to big 25%
3
Set per hour 10 backwashes
Calculate cesspool flow rate pump: 24.6/6 * 1440=5904m
3/ d
Calculate Q mark: 5904/24000=0.25Q
More than describe and only provide one or more embodiment.Under the situation of the scope of the invention that does not break away from the claims qualification, those skilled in the art can realize other layout of key element or step.
Claims (29)
1. filter plant that is used for water treatment system, wherein one or more filtering surfaces are lower end or the three dimensions shape that has opening near the lower end.
2. the filter plant of claim 1, wherein downstream area is the film storage tank.
3. the filter plant of claim 1 comprises that also the residue on sieve of holding back of upstream region exports.
4. the filter plant of claim 1, the smallest dimension of wherein said opening are 1mm or following, 100 μ m or following or 50 μ m or following.
5. the filter plant of claim 1, wherein said three dimensions body have the aporate area of contiguous its opening.
6. the filter plant of claim 1, the capacity of wherein said upstream region be downstream capacity 30% or littler.
7. the filter plant of claim 1, the area of wherein said one or more filtering surfaces be 2 times of maximum vertical section area of described filter plant or more than.
8. the filter plant of claim 1, wherein said one or more filtering surfaces are communicated with in upstream region and the downstream area one or two via pipeline, pumping chamber, collector or manifold.
9. the filter plant of claim 1 has the gap that flows or reclaim stream from upstream region to waste water.
10. the filter plant of claim 1 also comprises the floss hole of described upstream region.
11. the filter plant of claim 1, has the source of the gas that links to each other with one or more aerating devices, the speed that described source of the gas is configured to change between first speed and second speed provides gas, and described second speed is between not having mobile and being about between described first speed 1/2nd.
12. an equipment, it has the filter plant of claim 1 and comprises:
Basin with inlet; With
Be immersed in the membrane module in the described basin,
Arrange that wherein described filter plant flows to the water of described inlet with interception or flows to the water of membrane module from described inlet.
13. a water treatment system, described system have the equipment of claim 12 and are positioned at the water treatment zone of filtering surface upstream.
14. the water treatment system of claim 13 has the upstream side of described filtering surface and the circulation between the water treatment zone.
15. the filter plant of claim 1, wherein said opening is positioned at the bottom of three dimensions profile.
16. the filter plant of claim 1, wherein said filtering surface remains in the framework.
17. the filter plant of claim 16, wherein said framework also keeps aerating device.
18. the filter plant of claim 16, wherein said framework have the supporting structure that move the described filtering surface of restriction upper end.
19. a filter plant that is used for water treatment system, it has upstream region that is under the first static head environmental pressure and the downstream area that is under the second static head environmental pressure, and described filter plant comprises:
One or more filtering surfaces that are roughly static state, described filtering surface are that bottom or close bottom have the three dimensions profile form of floss hole and have a plurality of openings, and any yardstick of wherein said opening is about 3mm or following;
The structure that keeps described filtering surface, described filtering surface is communicated with upstream region and downstream area, so that the water that the interception of described filtering surface is flowed between upstream region and downstream area; With
The one or more aerating devices that are communicated with upstream region.
20. an equipment comprises:
The storage tank that one or more fluids connect;
The inlet of described one or more storage tanks;
Be immersed in the membrane module in one of them storage tank;
Static filtering sieve, described static filtering sieve separates for bottom or the big water gaging and the described inlet that have the three dimensions profile form of floss hole and will comprise described membrane module near the bottom;
The penetrating fluid outlet that is connected with described membrane module; With
The film retentate outlet that is communicated with the big water gaging that comprises described membrane module.
21. two formula filter assemblies.
22. holding, adjustable length upstream filtering zone, described zone satisfy the required a large amount of membrane modules of static filtering sieve traffic requirement.
23. a collector, it comprises hollow structure parts and horizontal drain randomly.
24. a collector, it comprises groove and randomly vertically discharging.
25. the part of filter assemblies, described part HSM or below the groove for solid and randomly have a less diameter.
26. the upstream region at the immersion sieves is provided with the immersion downflow weir to promote the method for sieves backwash.
27. the method for claim 26, described method is used to pump structure.
28. the method for claim 26 also comprises by described downflow weir periodical discharge to cause the backwash of sieves.
29. the method for claim 28 is wherein delivered to draining the upstream process groove.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US79777306P | 2006-05-05 | 2006-05-05 | |
| US60/797,773 | 2006-05-05 | ||
| US60/798,294 | 2006-05-08 | ||
| US60/876,134 | 2006-12-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101484233A true CN101484233A (en) | 2009-07-15 |
Family
ID=40880898
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007800254580A Pending CN101484233A (en) | 2006-05-05 | 2007-05-04 | IN. V.erted aerated immersed screen, screen assembly and operating process |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101484233A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103974912A (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2014-08-06 | 通用电气公司 | Immersed screen and method of operation |
| CN109847607A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-06-07 | 高栋正 | A kind of unpowered bubble miniaturization device |
| WO2023085942A1 (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2023-05-19 | Van Opdorp Robert Martinus | Membrane bioreactor, method of operating a membrane bioreactor, and use of a membrane bioreactor |
| CN116409483A (en) * | 2023-06-12 | 2023-07-11 | 广州玺明机械科技有限公司 | Self-adaptive cleaning control method, device and storage medium for quantitative filling machine |
-
2007
- 2007-05-04 CN CNA2007800254580A patent/CN101484233A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103974912A (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2014-08-06 | 通用电气公司 | Immersed screen and method of operation |
| CN109847607A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-06-07 | 高栋正 | A kind of unpowered bubble miniaturization device |
| CN109847607B (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2023-11-07 | 高栋正 | Unpowered bubble micronizing device |
| WO2023085942A1 (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2023-05-19 | Van Opdorp Robert Martinus | Membrane bioreactor, method of operating a membrane bioreactor, and use of a membrane bioreactor |
| CN116409483A (en) * | 2023-06-12 | 2023-07-11 | 广州玺明机械科技有限公司 | Self-adaptive cleaning control method, device and storage medium for quantitative filling machine |
| CN116409483B (en) * | 2023-06-12 | 2023-08-11 | 广州玺明机械科技有限公司 | Self-adaptive cleaning control method, device and storage medium for quantitative filling machine |
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Application publication date: 20090715 |