CN101480571B - Method and apparatus for flue gas desulfurization and solid removal by wet-type ammonia process - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for flue gas desulfurization and solid removal by wet-type ammonia process Download PDFInfo
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- CN101480571B CN101480571B CN200810205013.7A CN200810205013A CN101480571B CN 101480571 B CN101480571 B CN 101480571B CN 200810205013 A CN200810205013 A CN 200810205013A CN 101480571 B CN101480571 B CN 101480571B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for wet ammonia flue gas sulphur and solid removal. The method for wet ammonia flue gas sulphur and solid removal comprises the following steps: carrying out washing solution micro cyclone separation on washing solution used for wet ammonia flue gas sulphur removal so as to remove fine solid particles doped in the washing solution; crystallizing and concentrating the washing solution subjected to the washing solution micro cyclone separation to obtain slurry containing ammonium sulphate crystals; carrying out slurry micro cyclone separation on the slurry containing the ammonium sulphate crystals to obtain the concentrated slurry containing the ammonium sulphate crystals; and carrying out centrifugal dewatering on the slurry containing the ammonium sulphate crystals to obtain the dewatered ammonium sulphate crystals. The invention also provides a device for wet ammonia flue gas sulphur and solid removal.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the chemical industry environmental protection field, relate to a kind of method of micro-cyclone separator and the combination of other separator that adopts and remove the micro-solid particle of wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing technology process cleaning solution, absorption liquid existence and make the concentrated technique of sulfate of ammoniac slurries, the method is suitable for processing the solid-liquid heterogeneous separation process that comprises cleaning solution in ammonia flue gas desulfurization technique, absorption liquid, sulfate of ammoniac crystalloid solution.Specifically, the invention provides a kind of wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing de-solid method and device.
Background technology
Due to self salient feature such as the wet ammonia process desulfurizing technology reaction speed is fast, the absorbent utilization ratio is high, floor space is little, byproduct can be used as agricultural fertilizer, and desulfurization degree can meet the requirement of various places environmental protection, operating cost is low, thereby is a flue gas desulfurization technique of more suitable China's actual conditions.In February, 2005, after going to U.S.A. and carried out investigating, National Development and Reform Committee ammonia type flue gas desulfurizing technical research group on the combustion product gases equipment of suggestion country in medium-high sulfur coal large electric power plant unit or chemical industry, coal gas integrated complex, builds the ammonia type flue gas desulfurizing demonstration project.Along with the development of domestic ammonia-process desulfurization technique, the difficult point that hinders ammonia-process desulfurization technique is adopted diverse ways separately to obtain breakthrough by each technology suppliers of family, and the ammonia type flue gas desulfurizing technology also will be applied to more desulfurizer.But in the ammonia desulfuration equipment already put into operation at home, because the limitation of fume dust remover separating effect causes the fine solid particle of carrying secretly containing flue gas in the cleaning solution of washing/desulfurizing tower, these cleaning solutions or part cleaning solution can cause the sulfate of ammoniac crystal mass of generation not high after entering follow-up sulfate of ammoniac crystallization inspissator, more seriously can cause the crystallization inspissator to stop up and the problem of shut-down.
Be generally less than 8 μ m containing the solid particle average grain diameter in cleaning solution.Present stage, the minority device adopts supercentrifuge to be separated the fine solid particle in cleaning solution, also has partial devices to adopt high-accuracy back-flushing filter to be separated the fine solid particle in cleaning solution.But because supercentrifuge and high-accuracy backwash filter exist cost high, maintenance cost is high, and the supercentrifuge moving component is easy to wear, and high-accuracy backwash filter easily stops up, the reason such as after stopping up pressure drop is excessive, on-the-spot result of use is unsatisfactory.
Through the crystallization inspissator, in sulfate of ammoniac crystalloid solution out, the content of sulfate of ammoniac crystal is about 10%.Present stage, sulfur acid ammonia crystalloid solution directly goes supercentrifuge to be separated, and the one-time investment cost is high, and maintenance cost is high.
Therefore, for cleaning solution in the wet ammonia process desulfurizing process containing the physical property of fine solid particle and operating condition (, solid grain size is little, treating capacity is large), the micro-cyclone de-solid method of the wet ammonia process desulfurizing technology of fine solid particle a kind ofly can be removed in the urgent need to developing in this area under nominal situation.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of new wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing de-solid method and device, overcome the defect that prior art exists.
On the one hand, the invention provides a kind of wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing de-solid method, the method comprises the following steps:
Cleaning solution to wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing carries out the micro-cyclonic separation of cleaning solution, to remove the fine solid particle of wherein carrying secretly;
Cleaning solution through the micro-cyclonic separation of cleaning solution is carried out to crystallization concentrated, obtain the slurries of sulfur acid ammonia crystal;
Slurries to sulfur acid ammonia crystal carry out the micro-cyclonic separation of slurries, obtain the slurries of concentrated sulfur acid ammonia crystal; And
Slurries to concentrated sulfur acid ammonia crystal carry out centrifugal dehydration, obtain the sulfate of ammoniac crystal of dehydration.
One preferred embodiment in, the method also comprises: before the cleaning solution to wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing carries out the micro-cyclonic separation of cleaning solution, cleaning solution is carried out to gravitational settling, to remove oarse-grained solid particle wherein.
Another preferred embodiment in, the operating temperature of the cleaning solution of described wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing is 30-90 ℃, the content of fine solid particle is 1000-40000mg/L, particle diameter is the 1-20 micron, density is 1200-2400kg/m
3.
Another preferred embodiment in, the solid content of the sulfate of ammoniac crystal in the described cleaning solution concentrated through crystallization is 5-15%, the operating temperature of cleaning solution is 50-80 ℃, the density of cleaning solution is 1200-1800kg/m
3, the particle diameter of fine solid particle is the 1-50 micron, the density of fine solid particle is 1600-2400kg/m
3.
Another preferred embodiment in, described in the cleaning solution of the micro-cyclonic separation of cleaning solution the clearance of fine solid particle be not less than 90%.
Another preferred embodiment in, the concentration of described sulfate of ammoniac crystal in the slurries of the micro-cyclonic separation of slurries is not less than 50%; The moisture content of the sulfate of ammoniac crystal after described centrifugal dehydration is not more than 12%.
On the other hand, the invention provides the de-fixing apparatus of a kind of wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing, this device comprises:
For useless flue gas is washed to washing/absorption tower that cooling absorbs; With described washing/absorption tower, be connected, for cleaning solution being carried out to the micro-cyclonic separation of cleaning solution, to remove the micro-cyclone separator of cleaning solution of the fine solid particle of wherein carrying secretly; Be connected with the micro-cyclone separator of described cleaning solution, carry out crystallization for the cleaning solution to through the micro-cyclonic separation of cleaning solution concentrated, obtain the crystallization inspissator of the slurries of sulfur acid ammonia crystal; Be connected with described crystallization inspissator, for the slurries to sulfur acid ammonia crystal, carry out the micro-cyclonic separation of slurries, obtain the micro-cyclone separator of slurries of the slurries of concentrated sulfur acid ammonia crystal; And be connected with the micro-cyclone separator of described slurries, carry out centrifugal dehydration for the slurries of sulfur acid ammonia crystal to concentrated, obtain the centrifuge of the sulfate of ammoniac crystal of dehydration.
One preferred embodiment in, this device also comprises: be placed between the micro-cyclone separator of described washing/absorption tower and cleaning solution, for before the cleaning solution to wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing carries out the micro-cyclonic separation of cleaning solution, cleaning solution is carried out to gravitational settling, to remove the settling tank of oarse-grained solid particle wherein.
Another preferred embodiment in, the entrance velocity of the micro-cyclone separator of described cleaning solution is that 5-15 meter per second, the pressure loss are 0.1-0.3MPa; The entrance velocity of the micro-cyclone separator of described slurries is that 3-10 meter per second, the pressure loss are 0.1-0.3MPa.
Another preferred embodiment in, the dewatering efficiency of described centrifuge is not less than 90%.
Preferably, under some specific condition, the micro-cyclone separator of described cleaning solution can be replaced by centrifuge or high-accuracy filter.
Preferably, described is 3 μ m and following for the centrifuge that replaces the micro-cyclone separator of cleaning solution or the separation accuracy of high-accuracy filter.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram according to the micro-cyclonic separation flow process of the wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing technology of an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the micro-cyclonic separation flow process of wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing technology according to another implementation of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the micro-cyclonic separation flow process of wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing technology according to another implementation of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the micro-cyclonic separation flow process of wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing technology according to another implementation of the invention.
The specific embodiment
The present inventor finds after extensive and deep research, large for this operation flux of cleaning solution/absorption liquid in wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing technology, the solid-liquid system of solid grain size little (1-20 μ m), the most effective, the most inexpensive method is to adopt cyclone separator; But because the cut diameter of conventional eddy flow, cyclone hydraulic separators is greater than 5 microns, be difficult to remove the solid particle below 5 microns under nominal situation, therefore, the present inventor adopts micro-cyclone separation process to remove the fine solid particle in cleaning solution/absorption liquid in wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing technology; In addition, cleaning solution after purifying at present solution of sulfur acid ammonia crystal out after the crystallization inspissator directly enters supercentrifuge to be separated, cause the supercentrifuge overload, and because high-speed centrifuge cost of investment, maintenance cost are high, therefore the present inventor adopts micro-cyclone separation process at first the solution of sulfur acid ammonia crystal to be concentrated, and the solution after concentrating goes supercentrifuge to separate; That is, the design that adopts substep to separate is optimized the solid-liquid separation process in wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing technology, to reduce investment and maintenance cost, and makes Operation and Maintenance easier; Micro-cyclone separator has that the cyclone separation device applicability is extensive, simple in structure, strong adaptability, easy care, high reliability, and compares with common cyclone separation device, and separative efficiency is wanted high a lot (d
75be less than 3 microns), with the high speed centrifugation separator, that accurate backwash filter has been compared cost of investment is low, easy care, the advantage such as running cost is low.Based on above-mentioned discovery, the present invention is accomplished.
Desulfur technology mainly contains 3 large classes both at home and abroad, that is, and and desulfurization after desulfurization and burning in desulfurization before burning, burning.Wherein desulfurization after the burning, FGD, be the desulfurization method of current unique large-scale commercial application.FGD mainly contains wet method, semidry method and dry method three major types, and wherein wet method is mainstream technology.In Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization Technique, the unique technology such as ammonia-process desulfurization technique is high with its desulfuration efficiency, non-secondary pollution, resourcebility, the application in commercial plant is in rising trend in recent years.The wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing technology is to utilize ammonia as a kind of these characteristics of good alkaline absorbent, with the NH in water
3and SO
2reaction be basis, the SO that will give up in flue gas with ammoniacal liquor
2remove, generate sulfurous acid ammonia and bisulfite ammonia solution, and then be oxidized into sulfate of ammoniac solution post crystallization and separate drying and obtain the sulfate of ammoniac product.Cleaning solution, be sulfate of ammoniac solution, due to the cooling to flue gas washing and with the fine solid particle of carrying secretly in flue gas, these solid particles can cause the sulfate of ammoniac crystal mass of generation not high after entering follow-up sulfate of ammoniac thickening crystallization inspissator with cleaning solution or part cleaning solution, more seriously can cause the crystallization inspissator to stop up and the problem of shut-down.Therefore need to be by these fine solid particle separation removals of carrying secretly in cleaning solution.The sulfate of ammoniac slurries concentrated through the crystallization inspissator need further separate, drying is made the sulfate of ammoniac product.
Contain fine solid particle in cleaning solution, particle less (about 1-10 micron), in order to reduce the wash number of crystallization apparatus, generate the sulfate of ammoniac crystal of higher quality, the service cycle of extension fixture, is necessary cleaning solution is carried out to purified treatment.Through the crystallization Thickening apparatus, sulfate of ammoniac slurry out needs further to separate after concentrated and removes drying device, this step is separated the current high speed centrifugation separator of directly using, equipment investment, maintenance cost are high, therefore are necessary to adopt new isolation technics or optimize separating technology this step separation is transformed.Micro-cyclone separator is comprised of several eddy flow core pipes, and its separative efficiency is far above conventional cyclone, and the operation pressure drop of micro-cyclone separator simultaneously is little, and energy consumption is low.Micro-cyclone separator can two-stage or plural serial stage be used in combination to realize the specification requirement of isolation of purified, concentrated, gradation.
In a first aspect of the present invention, provide that cleaning solution and the micro-eddy flow Separation of Solid and Liquid of crystallization inspissator sulfate of ammoniac slurries out out of scrubbing tower in a kind of wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing technology purifies, method for thickening, the method comprises:
Cleaning solution is all discharged by wash tower bottoms, all cleaning solution is all after micro-cyclone separator separates, a top scavenging solution part is out made product to follow-up Crystallization Separation drying, another one returns to absorption tower or scrubbing tower as absorption, cleaning solution, the bottom settling tank that goes containing the solid particle slurries out, adopt micro-cyclone separator to carry out purified treatment to whole cleaning solutions; Perhaps
Part cleaning solution is discharged by wash tower bottoms, this part cleaning solution is after micro-cyclone separator separates, top scavenging solution out goes follow up device Crystallization Separation drying to make product, the bottom slurries containing solid particle out go high-speed centrifuge to separate, another part cleaning solution is direct circulation from extracting out at the bottom of tower, and micro-cyclone separator has carried out purified treatment to the cleaning solution through follow up device product processed; Perhaps
Cleaning solution is all discharged by wash tower bottoms, first remove settling tank, part cleaning solution is extracted out through micro-cyclone separator and is separated by settling tank top, micro-cyclone separator top purifying cleaning liquid out goes follow up device Crystallization Separation drying to make product, and the bottom of settling tank is out returned in bottom containing stereoplasm liquid; Part cleaning solution is extracted direct circulation out by settling tank top and is used; Micro-cyclone separator has only out carried out purified treatment through the cleaning solution of follow up device product processed to settling tank; Perhaps
Cleaning solution is all discharged by wash tower bottoms, first remove settling tank, all cleaning solution is extracted out through micro-cyclone separator and is separated by settling tank top, micro-cyclone separator top purifying cleaning liquid part out goes follow up device Crystallization Separation drying to make product, a part recycles, and the bottom of settling tank is out returned in bottom containing stereoplasm liquid.Micro-cyclone separator to settling tank out all cleaning solutions carried out purified treatment;
Wherein, the slurries of sulfur acid ammonia crystal by the crystallization thickening device out, first go micro-cyclone separator to separate enrichment, micro-cyclone separator top scavenging solution out can directly return to the scrubbing tower reuse, also can return to the scrubbing tower reuse again after the cleaning solution cyclone separator separates, bottom enrichment slurries out remove the supercentrifuge separating and dehydrating; Micro-cyclone separator has carried out the enrichment processing to the slurries of sulfur acid ammonia crystal;
Adopt micro-cyclone separator to carry out micro-cyclonic separation to cleaning solution in wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing technology, with the fine solid particle in the removal cleaning solution (, flue gas entrained solid particle, its content is about 1000-40000mg/L, and density is about 1200-2400kg/m
3, particle diameter is about the 1-20 micron), guarantee the quality of product and the cycle of oparation of crystallization inspissator and whole device; And
Adopt micro-cyclone separator to carry out micro-cyclonic separation to the slurries of sulfur acid ammonia crystal, with enrichment sulfate of ammoniac slurries, (that is, from the crystallizing tower slurries of sulfur acid ammonia crystal out, its solid content is about 5-15%, and serum density is about 1200-1800kg/m
3, solid grain size is about the 1-50 micron, and density of solid particles is about 1600-2400kg/m
3), adopt the design of substep concentrating and separating, with reduce cost and maintenance cost and reduce energy consumption.
Preferably, the operating temperature of described cleaning solution is about 30-90 ℃; The operating temperature of described sulfur acid ammonia crystal slurries is about 50-80 ℃.
Preferably, the part of described wet ammonia process desulfurizing cleaning solution has been carried out micro-cyclonic separation, and the clearance of solid particle is not less than 90%, but the cleaning solution direct crystallization after purification generates product.
Preferably, described wet ammonia process desulfurizing cleaning solution whole have carried out micro-cyclonic separation, and the clearance of solid particle is not less than 80%, but the cleaning solution direct circulation after purification is used.
Preferably, after having carried out described micro-cyclonic separation, the concentration of described sulfur acid ammonia crystal slurries can increase to 50% or higher.
Preferably, carrying out after the centrifugal dehydration, the moisture content of the sulfate of ammoniac crystal of dehydration is not more than 12%.
In a second aspect of the present invention, the equipment for separating liquid from solid of a kind of wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing technology cleaning solution-solid particle micro mist, the sulfate of ammoniac aqueous solution-sulfate of ammoniac crystal is provided, this device comprises:
For useless flue gas is washed to scrubbing tower and the absorption tower that cooling absorbs, also washing absorption tower can be set as one, flue gas is in washing section washing cooling, and in flue gas, the entrained solid particle enters in cleaning solution (sulfate of ammoniac solution); With described washing absorption tower, be connected, for cushioning the settling tank of sedimentation cleaning solution; Tank connected with the institute sedimentation, for cleaning solution being carried out to micro-cyclone separator of some or all of isolation of purified; With the micro-cyclone separator of described cleaning solution, be connected, the cleaning solution purified for the part to obtaining through Separation of Solid and Liquid carries out the concentrated crystallization inspissator of crystallization; With described crystallization inspissator, be connected for the sulfate of ammoniac slurries being carried out to the further concentrated micro-cyclone separator of sulfate of ammoniac slurries; The supercentrifuge for the dehydration of concentrated vitriol ammonia slurries be connected with the micro-cyclone separator of described sulfate of ammoniac slurries; The device for drying and packing be connected with described supercentrifuge.
Preferably, described cleaning solution, the micro-cyclone separator of sulfate of ammoniac slurries are comprised of some cover eddy flow core pipes.
Preferably, the material of described cyclone separator needs acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting and resistance to wears, and can be polyurethane, 316L or composite etc.
Preferably, described micro-cyclone separator can two-stage or more plural serial stage be used in combination to realize to separate, concentrated specification requirement, complete the operation of purification containing solid solution, concentrated or classification of solid particles.
Preferably, the mounting means of described micro-cyclone separator is vertical or horizontal installation.
Preferably, the entrance velocity of the micro-cyclone separator of described cleaning solution is that 5-15 meter per second, the pressure loss are 0.1-0.3MPa.
Preferably, the entrance velocity of the micro-cyclone separator of described slurries is that 3-10 meter per second, the pressure loss are 0.1-0.3MPa.
Preferably, the dehydration rate of described centrifuge is not less than 90%.
Preferably, the described centrifuge for alternative micro-cyclone separator and the separation accuracy of high-accuracy filter are not more than 2 μ m.
Preferably, method and apparatus of the present invention also can be applied to the Separation of Solid and Liquid of wet-type magnesium method desulfurization technique.
Below referring to accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram according to the micro-cyclonic separation flow process of the wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing technology of an embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 1, containing SO
2useless flue gas by 1 bottom, washing/absorption tower, entered, ammoniacal liquor is entered by 1 top, washing/absorption tower, NH
3and SO
2react the SO in the flue gas that will give up in water
2remove, generate sulfurous acid ammonia and bisulfite ammonia solution, and then be oxidized into sulfate of ammoniac solution washing liquid (aqueous solution of sulfate of ammoniac).Purifying smoke is discharged at 1 top from washing/absorption tower.Cleaning solution is extracted out and to be squeezed into micro-cyclone separator 3-1 by pump 2-1 in 1 bottom from washing/absorption tower, cleaning solution part after micro-cyclone separator 3-1 isolation of purified is directly returned to 1 reuse of washing/absorption tower, part is sent to crystallization inspissator 4, and the cleaning solution containing solid particle separated after concentrating through micro-cyclone separator 3-1 enters settling tank 6; Sulfate of ammoniac slurries after crystallization inspissator 4 is concentrated are squeezed into micro-cyclone separator 3-2 by pump 2-3 and are separated concentrated, sulfate of ammoniac slurries after concentrated enter centrifuge 5 to be separated, and the isolated sulfate of ammoniac containing a small amount of water goes the dry subsequent treatment process that waits to generate the sulfate of ammoniac product; Squeeze into continuation crystallization in crystallization inspissator 4 by pump 2-4 and concentrate from crystallization inspissator 4, micro-cyclone separator 3-2, centrifuge 5 sulfate of ammoniac solution out; Directly squeeze into washing/absorption tower 1 through the part cleaning solution of settling tank 6 crude separation by pump 2-2 and recycle, the solid micro-powder deposit periodic cleaning of settling tank 6 bottoms effluxes.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the micro-cyclonic separation flow process of wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing technology according to another implementation of the invention.This flow process is different from the flow process shown in Fig. 1, as long as part is carried out the micro-cyclonic separation of solid-liquid to cleaning solution, a part of chilled water (chw) direct circulation from extract out 1 bottom, washing/absorption tower is used.
As shown in Figure 2, containing SO
2useless flue gas by 1 bottom, washing/absorption tower, entered, ammoniacal liquor is entered by 1 top, washing/absorption tower, NH
3and SO
2react the SO in the flue gas that will give up in water
2remove, generate sulfurous acid ammonia and bisulfite ammonia solution, and then be oxidized into sulfate of ammoniac solution washing liquid (aqueous solution of sulfate of ammoniac).Purifying smoke is discharged at 1 top from washing/absorption tower.The part cleaning solution is extracted out and to be squeezed into micro-cyclone separator 3-1 by pump 2-2 in 1 bottom from washing/absorption tower, cleaning solution after micro-cyclone separator 3-1 isolation of purified is sent to crystallization inspissator 4, and the cleaning solution containing solid particle separated after concentrating through micro-cyclone separator 3-1 enters settling tank 6; Sulfate of ammoniac slurries after crystallization inspissator 4 is concentrated are squeezed into by pump 2-3 in micro-cyclone separator 3-2 to separate and are concentrated, sulfate of ammoniac slurries after concentrated enter centrifuge 5 to be separated, and the sulfate of ammoniac of isolating containing a small amount of water goes the dry subsequent treatment process that waits to generate the sulfate of ammoniac product; Squeeze into continuation crystallization in crystallization inspissator 4 by pump 2-4 and concentrate from crystallization inspissator 4, micro-cyclone separator 3-2, centrifuge 5 sulfate of ammoniac solution out; The solid micro-powder deposit periodic cleaning of settling tank 6 bottoms effluxes; The part cleaning solution is extracted out by pump 2-2 and is squeezed into direct circulation use in washing/absorption tower 1 in 1 bottom from washing/absorption tower.
Due to after the interior solution in washing/absorption tower 1 partly carries out micro-cyclonic separation, there is all the time the part solid particle can discharger, whole device circulating cleaning solution solid content can remain on an equilibrium concentration, as long as meet the requirement recycled.Can reduce the treating capacity of the micro-cyclone separator of cleaning solution like this, reduce the energy consumption of separating.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the micro-cyclonic separation flow process of wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing technology according to another implementation of the invention.This flow process is similar to the flow process shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, different is to have increased a settling tank before the micro-cyclone separator of cleaning solution, like this, at first pass through sedimentation separation from the cleaning solution of extracting out at the bottom of washing/absorption tower, the oarse-grained solid particulate matter of part is removed, and then separate through micro-cyclone separator, micro-cyclonic separation efficiency can increase.
As shown in Figure 3, containing SO
2useless flue gas by 1 bottom, washing/absorption tower, entered, ammoniacal liquor is entered by 1 top, washing/absorption tower, NH
3and SO
2react the SO in the flue gas that will give up in water
2remove, generate sulfurous acid ammonia and bisulfite ammonia solution, and then be oxidized into sulfate of ammoniac solution washing liquid (aqueous solution of sulfate of ammoniac).Purifying smoke is discharged at 1 top from washing/absorption tower.Cleaning solution is extracted out by pump 2-1 and is squeezed in settling tank 6 and remove the oarse-grained solid particle of part in 1 bottom from washing/absorption tower, and the solid micro-powder deposit periodic cleaning of settling tank 6 bottoms effluxes; Part cleaning solution through the settling tank crude separation is extracted out and is squeezed into micro-cyclone separator 3-1 from settling tank 6 tops by pump 2-2, cleaning solution part after micro-cyclone separator 3-1 isolation of purified is directly returned to 1 reuse of washing/absorption tower, part is sent to crystallization inspissator 4, and the cleaning solution containing solid particle after micro-cyclone separator 3-1 separation is concentrated enters the bottom of settling tank 6; Sulfate of ammoniac slurries after crystallization inspissator 4 is concentrated are squeezed into by pump 2-3 in micro-cyclone separator 3-2 to separate and are concentrated, sulfate of ammoniac slurries after concentrated enter centrifuge 5 to be separated, and the sulfate of ammoniac of isolating containing a small amount of water goes the dry subsequent treatment process that waits to generate the sulfate of ammoniac product; Squeeze into continuation crystallization in crystallization inspissator 4 by pump 2-4 and concentrate from crystallization inspissator 4, micro-cyclone separator 3-2, centrifuge 5 sulfate of ammoniac solution out; Cleaning solution part after micro-cyclone separator 3-1 isolation of purified directly goes to washing/absorption tower 1 to recycle.
Because useless flue gas can be carried the oarse-grained solid particulate matter of part secretly when electric dust collector operating mode before is unstable, just remove and regulate the internal circulating load of whole circulating cleaning solution in order to make the bulky grain solid particulate matter before entering micro-cyclone separator, set up a settling tank and play the separation adjusting effect, thereby improved the separative efficiency of micro-cyclone separator and can make whole device running more steady.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the micro-cyclonic separation flow process of wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing technology according to another implementation of the invention.This flow process is similar to the flow process shown in Fig. 3, and different is that the part cleaning solution of extracting out through settling tank carries out micro-cyclonic separation, and the part cleaning solution is directly returned washing/absorption tower and recycled
As shown in Figure 4, containing SO
2useless flue gas by 1 bottom, washing/absorption tower, entered, ammoniacal liquor is entered by 1 top, washing/absorption tower, NH
3and SO
2react the SO in the flue gas that will give up in water
2remove, generate sulfurous acid ammonia and bisulfite ammonia solution, and then be oxidized into sulfate of ammoniac solution washing liquid (aqueous solution of sulfate of ammoniac).Purifying smoke is discharged at 1 top from washing/absorption tower.Cleaning solution is extracted out and to be squeezed into settling tank 6 by pump 2-1 and remove the oarse-grained solid particle of part in 1 bottom from washing/absorption tower, and the solid micro-powder deposit periodic cleaning of settling tank 6 bottoms effluxes; Part cleaning solution through settling tank 6 crude separation is extracted out and is squeezed into micro-cyclone separator 3-1 from settling tank 6 tops by pump 2-2, cleaning solution after micro-cyclone separator 3-1 isolation of purified is sent to crystallization inspissator 4, enters the bottom of settling tank 6 after micro-cyclone separator 3-1 separation is concentrated containing the cleaning solution of solid particle; Sulfate of ammoniac slurries after crystallization inspissator 4 is concentrated are squeezed into by pump 2-3 in micro-cyclone separator 3-2 to separate and are concentrated, sulfate of ammoniac slurries after concentrated enter centrifuge 5 to be separated, and the sulfate of ammoniac of isolating containing a small amount of water goes the dry subsequent treatment process that waits to generate the sulfate of ammoniac product; Squeeze into continuation crystallization in crystallization inspissator 4 by pump 2-4 and concentrate from crystallization inspissator 4, micro-cyclone separator 3-2, centrifuge 5 sulfate of ammoniac solution out; Part cleaning solution through settling tank 6 crude separation is directly squeezed in washing/absorption tower 1 and is recycled by pump 2-2.
Because useless flue gas can be carried the oarse-grained solid particulate matter of part secretly when electric dust collector operating mode before is unstable, just remove and regulate the internal circulating load of whole circulating cleaning solution in order to make the bulky grain solid particulate matter before entering micro-cyclone separator, set up a settling tank and play the separation adjusting effect, thereby improved the separative efficiency of micro-cyclone separator and can make whole device running more steady.
Due to all sedimentation separations of most bulky grain solid in cleaning solution after sedimentation, so can directly returning to washing/absorption tower, the cleaning solution of extracting out through settling tank top part recycles, the part cleaning solution is made product after micro-cyclone separator separates.Can reduce the treating capacity of the micro-cyclone separator of cleaning solution like this, reduce the energy consumption of separating.Due to the internal circulating load that adopts settling tank can remove and regulate whole circulating cleaning solution, part goes micro-cyclone separator to separate containing the cleaning solution of fine solid particle, the solid particulate matter particle diameter that micro-cyclone separator is separated is more even, can reduce energy consumption and improve separative efficiency.Therefore, Fig. 4 is optimum flow process.
The pressure loss of cyclone separator is an important parameter of performance evaluation, is directly connected to the energy consumption of system.The micro-cyclone separator of cleaning solution and the micro-cyclone separator of sulfate of ammoniac slurries are optimized from inlet channel, overfall structure and underflow opening structure three aspects:, adopt involute or tangential convergent spiral inlet channel; Adopt the overfall structure of venturi pattern; The underflow opening of back taper improves separative efficiency and reduces energy consumption is the pressure loss.
From washing/absorption tower, the content of (settling tank) cleaning solution solid particle out is about 1000-30000mg/L, and solution density is about 1200-1800kg/m
3, density of solid particles is about 1200-2400kg/m
3, the particle diameter of particle is about 1-20 μ m.Containing the cleaning solution of solid particle, (operating pressure is about 0.4-1.2MPa, operating temperature is about 30-80 ℃) enter micro-cyclone separator with the speed of about 5-15 meter per second, carry out liquid-solid separation in centrifugal force field, the pressure loss (pressure reduction between entrance and purifying cleaning liquid outlet) of regulating the micro-cyclone separator of cleaning solution is about 0.1-0.3MPa.Because the density between cleaning solution and solid particle is larger, therefore can obtain extraordinary separating effect.Wherein, the removal efficiency of solid particle can reach approximately more than 80 % by weight.
From the crystallization inspissator, the concentration of sulfate of ammoniac serous granule out is about 5-15%, and solution density is about 1200-1600kg/m
3, density of solid particles is about 1600-2400kg/m
3, solid grain size is about the 1-50 micron.(operating pressure is about 0.4-0.8MPa to the slurries of sulfur acid ammonia serous granule, operating temperature is about 50-80 ℃) enter cyclone separator with the speed of about 3-10 meter per second, separate concentratedly in centrifugal force field, can increase to more than 50% through the concentration of sulfate of ammoniac crystal slurries.
Method and apparatus of the present invention can also be for making containing other micro-solid particle-liquid defecate and purify or concentrated process.
Major advantage of the present invention is:
The fine solid particle that one aspect of the present invention is carried secretly wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing technology process cleaning solution removes, and separative efficiency is high, has purified cleaning solution, has extended the life cycle of crystallization inspissator, and has improved the quality of sulfate of ammoniac product; Remove again centrifuge dewatering after adopting on the other hand micro-cyclone separator to concentrate the sulfate of ammoniac slurries, adopt the design of substep concentrating and separating, reduced investment and maintenance cost, and reduced energy consumption.
All documents of mentioning in the present invention are all quoted as a reference in this application, just as each piece of document quoted separately as a reference.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after having read above-mentioned instruction content of the present invention, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.
Claims (10)
1. a wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing de-solid method, the method comprises the following steps:
Cleaning solution to wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing carries out the micro-cyclonic separation of cleaning solution, to remove the fine solid particle of wherein carrying secretly;
Cleaning solution through the micro-cyclonic separation of cleaning solution is carried out to crystallization concentrated, obtain the slurries of sulfur acid ammonia crystal;
Slurries to sulfur acid ammonia crystal carry out the micro-cyclonic separation of slurries, obtain the slurries of concentrated sulfur acid ammonia crystal; And
Slurries to concentrated sulfur acid ammonia crystal carry out centrifugal dehydration, obtain the sulfate of ammoniac crystal of dehydration.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the method also comprises: before the cleaning solution to wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing carries out the micro-cyclonic separation of cleaning solution, cleaning solution is carried out to gravitational settling, to remove oarse-grained solid particle wherein.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, the operating temperature of the cleaning solution of described wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing is 30-90 ℃, and the content of fine solid particle is 1000-40000mg/L, particle diameter is the 1-20 micron, and the density of fine solid particle is 1200-2400kg/m
3.
4. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, the solid content of the sulfate of ammoniac crystal in the described cleaning solution concentrated through crystallization is 5-15%, and the operating temperature of cleaning solution is 50-80 ℃, and the density of cleaning solution is 1200-1800kg/m
3, the particle diameter of fine solid particle is the 1-50 micron, the density of fine solid particle is 1600-2400kg/m
3.
5. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described in the cleaning solution of the micro-cyclonic separation of cleaning solution the clearance of fine solid particle be not less than 90%.
6. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, the concentration of described sulfate of ammoniac crystal in the slurries of the micro-cyclonic separation of slurries is not less than 50%; The moisture content of the sulfate of ammoniac crystal of described dehydration is not more than 12%.
7. a wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing takes off fixing apparatus, and this device comprises:
For useless flue gas is washed to washing/absorption tower (1) that cooling absorbs; Be connected with described washing/absorption tower (1), for the cleaning solution to wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing, carry out the micro-cyclonic separation of cleaning solution, to remove the micro-cyclone separator of cleaning solution (3-1) of the fine solid particle of wherein carrying secretly; Be connected with the micro-cyclone separator of described cleaning solution (3-1), carry out crystallization for the cleaning solution to through the micro-cyclonic separation of cleaning solution concentrated, obtain the crystallization inspissator (4) of the slurries of sulfur acid ammonia crystal; Be connected with described crystallization inspissator (4), for the slurries to sulfur acid ammonia crystal, carry out the micro-cyclonic separation of slurries, obtain the micro-cyclone separator of slurries (3-2) of the slurries of concentrated sulfur acid ammonia crystal; And be connected with the micro-cyclone separator of described slurries (3-2), carry out centrifugal dehydration for the slurries of sulfur acid ammonia crystal to concentrated, obtain the centrifuge (5) of the sulfate of ammoniac crystal of dehydration.
8. device as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, this device also comprises: be placed between described washing/absorption tower (1) and the micro-cyclone separator of cleaning solution (3-1), for before the cleaning solution to wet ammonia method for flue gas desulfurizing carries out the micro-cyclonic separation of cleaning solution, cleaning solution is carried out to gravitational settling, to remove the settling tank (6) of oarse-grained solid particle wherein.
9. install as claimed in claim 7 or 8, it is characterized in that, the entrance velocity of the micro-cyclone separator of described cleaning solution (3-1) is that 5-15 meter per second, the pressure loss are 0.1-0.3MPa; The entrance velocity of the micro-cyclone separator of described slurries (3-2) is that 3-10 meter per second, the pressure loss are 0.1-0.3MPa.
10. install as claimed in claim 7 or 8, it is characterized in that, the dewatering efficiency of described centrifuge (5) is not less than 90%.
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| CN101732968B (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2012-06-20 | 华东理工大学 | Micro-cyclone de-solid method and device in catalytic cracking flue gas washing desulphurization process |
| CN101972592B (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2012-12-05 | 江苏新世纪江南环保股份有限公司 | Process for removing smoke dust by wet ammonia flue gas desulphurization and device thereof |
| CN102151473B (en) * | 2011-02-16 | 2013-07-24 | 安徽理工大学 | Ammonia method-tower type system and process for collecting and absorbing carbon dioxide at normal pressure |
| CN102441543A (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2012-05-09 | 湘潭大学 | Method and device for fluidized washing of superfine particles |
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