CN101480181A - Pesticide capsule preparation for preventing and treating nematode and soil-borne disease - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a pesticide preparation for preventing nematodes and soil-borne diseases, in particular to a method for processing and manufacturing a soil fumigant 1,3-dichloropropene (chemical formula: C3H4Cl2) capsule preparation. The compound is suitable for preventing root-knot nematodes and other soil nematodes on crops, such as beans, fruits including strawberries in orchards and grapes in vineyards, flowers, vegetables including asparagus, celery, carrots and sweet potatoes, Chinese medicinal herbs, and the like and can prevent soil-borne pathogens, such as the Fusarium spp., Phytophthora spp., and the like to a certain extent.

Description

A kind of pesticide capsule preparation of preventing and treating nematode, soil-borne disease

Technical field

The present invention relates to utilize compound 1, the 3-dichloro third rare (general by name 1,3-dichloropropene, chemical formula C ₃H ₄Cl ₂) root-knot nematode and other soil nematodes on control vegetables, strawberry, flowers, the crops such as protection ground such as melon, this compound has the good restraining effect to soil-borne pathogen sickle-like bacteria (Fusarium spp); Soil-borne pathogens such as corruption mould (Pythium spp.), epidemic disease mould (Phytophthora spp.) genus also there is certain control efficiency.Specific practice is that this compound is processed into capsule formulation, is used for the field and uses.

Background technology

Soil-borne disease is to be infected by the pathogen of surviving in the soil, a caused class plant disease.Take place on vegetables, melon and fruit, ornamental plant, forest seriously, especially harm is serious on protection ground crop.In recent years, along with agricultural production and development of rural economy, protection ground, greenhouse crops planting area enlarges year by year, as 2,000,000 hectares of protection ground vegetables areas.And protection ground cultivation is as an important agricultural measures of increasing farmers' income, being changed to modern agriculture by traditional farming; to continue fast development in future, the crop of cultivation also will be developed to directions such as flowers, melon and fruit, nursery, Chinese herbal medicines by current vegetables, strawberry.The development of green house also provides adapt circumstance for the generation of soil-borne disease, development, cultivate 3-5 usually after, the yield and quality of crop is seriously influenced, and generally causes underproduction 20%-40%, the serious underproduction is 60% or more even have no harvest.Along with the green house cultivation continues the cultivation year after year of expansion and high added value crop, the problem of soil-borne disease is more and more outstanding.

Traditional method of preventing and treating soil-borne disease has breeding for disease resistance, grafting, implementation crop rotation, ploughs deeply, root etc. is irritated in soil removal and replacement, chemical pesticide.But because the soil finite sum is carried out intensive cropping, crop rotation is difficult to implement.The kind of anti-multiple soil-borne disease and stock are difficult to cultivate.Plough deeply with soil removal and replacement infeasible economically.It is limited that chemical pesticide is irritated the root effect, and need a large amount of medicaments, easily causes residue of pesticide to exceed standard and groundwater contamination.Current effective method is with the sterilization of Celfume (methyl bromide) soil-fumigating, and this technology can be eliminated nematode in the soil, fungi, insect, weeds etc. well, and crop yield is remarkable, welcome by the peasant.But the material because methyl bromide damages the ozone layer is classified as controlled substance by Montreal protocol, will ban use of in 2015.So methyl bromide soil-fumigating sterilization substitute technology is sought in research as early as possible, just becomes work highly significant in environmental protection and the agricultural production, this research launches under this background just.

Draw through experiment: 1,3-dichloro third is rare to have excellent control efficiency to nematode in the soil, and soil-borne disease also had certain control efficiency.1,3-dichloro third rare conventional formulation is a missible oil, uses inconvenience, and owing to 1,3-dichloro third rare volatility is extremely strong, and is big for environment pollution when using, and influences the healthy of dispenser personnel and surrounding resident simultaneously.The present invention is with 1, and 3-dichloro third rare capsule preparations of making can be convenient to peasant's safe handling, and reduces the pollution to environment.

Summary of the invention

The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of capsule preparations process technology of preventing and treating nematode, soil-borne disease compound, it is characterized in that: (a) pesticide active ingredient is 1, the 3-dichloro third rare (general by name 1,3-dichloropropene, chemical formula C ₃H ₄Cl ₂), weight percentage is 80%-95%; (b) the capsule coating material is some or a mixture that certain is several in melamine resin, Lauxite, gelatin, the gum Arabic, and weight percentage is 1%-20%, and weight percentage is 1%-20%; (c) capsule be shaped as circle, olive shape, ellipse, its size is 0.5-2cm ³, single capsules weight is 0.2-5g.

Concrete preparation method of the present invention is: at first the former medicine of the preparation granulator of packing into, granulate according to the capsules weight that designs with ready coating material then, follow dry solidification, quality inspection, finished product.

Embodiment

Further specified the present invention in order to illustrate better below by embodiment.But what it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art is that the application not merely is limited to the scope of following embodiment.

Examples of implementation

A.98% pesticide original medicine A0.8921 gram, melamine resin, Lauxite, gelatin, gum Arabic is single or mixture 0.2031 gram.Can be processed into 1 by Fig. 1 technological process of production, 3-dichloro third rare capsule.

Annex one:

1,3-dichloro, third rare capsule preparations is to soil nematodes and pathogen virulence measurement result

1 materials and methods

The leaf vegetables booth that test is located at Guan County, Hebei carries out, and following 5 tests is set handles:

A. 1,3-dichloro, third rare capsule 8.4g/m ²

B. 1,3-dichloro, third rare capsule 16.8g/m ²

C. 1,3-dichloro, third rare injection 8.4g/m ²

D. 1,3-dichloro, third rare injection 16.8g/m ²

E. Celfume 50g/m ²

F. blank (CK)

The dispenser degree of depth of capsule and injection is 10cm, and the sub-district area is 19.5m ², each is handled and repeats 3 times, and district's group is arranged at random.Tested in October, 2007 and carry out.Handled back 15 days, and got the dark soil of 0～20cm and separate edaphon and nematode, estimate fumigating effect.Soil root-knot nematode Meloidogyne spp. separating method adopts Liu Wei will method, and sickle-like bacteria Fusarium spp. separates the Komada method that adopts, and phytophthora Phytophthora spp. separating method adopts the Masago method.

The rate that goes down of nematode or fungi is calculated with following formula:

Slip=[1-(treatment region slip/check plot slip)] * 100%

Initial data is test the significance of difference with the Duncan method after to number conversion.Variance analysis is the significance on 5% level.

2 results and analysis

As can be seen from Table 1,1,3-dichloro, third rare capsule is handled the effect that reduces line insect population in the soil fine, and the preventive effect of low concentration reaches more than 95%, and the population quantity difference after handling with injection and Celfume is not remarkable.

Table 1 nematode result

As can be seen, 1,3-D capsule is handled does not have the significance difference opposite sex (except the sickle-like bacteria of the 20cm degree of depth) to reducing sickle-like bacteria, the effect of phytophthora quantity and the effect of injection treatment from table 2,3, but than Celfume weak effect.

Table 2 sickle-like bacteria result

Table 3 phytophthora result

3 conclusions

1,3-D capsule does not have significant difference with conventional injection dispenser to reducing on edaphon and the nematode population effect, has advantages such as safe in utilization, convenient, that environmental pollution is little but compare with conventional application method.

Annex 2

1, the diffusibility experimental result of 3-D capsule in soil

1. experimental procedure

1) dispenser

We choose 11 in experimentation, and 3-dichloropropylene capsule is placed on the PVC pillar of the soil sample that the band pathogen taken back from Guan County, Hebei and nematode are housed, and 30cm place is shown at soil in the position that capsule is placed.Soil moisture is 17.99% in this experiment: the bulk density of soil is 0.84:, the quality of soil is a sand grains 81.824%, powder 16.221%, clay 1.955%.Fumigation time is 30d.

2) sampling

Experiment finishes the back, and we begin sampling from soil table center, and every 5cm is one deck.Vertically get apart from the place below the dispenser point 50cm downwards successively, successively to nematode in the sample and Fusarium, phytophthora belongs to pathogen and carries out separation determination after the sampling always.Take by weighing the 100g sample during nematode separation determination; Pathogen takes by weighing the 15g sample when measuring.

2. experimental result

1) to nematode determination of activity result

A.1,3-dichloropropylene longitudinal diffusion result in soil

Table 1,1,3-dichloropropylene capsule is longitudinal diffusion nematode testing result in soil

Annotate: the borer population of living/100g soil and dead borer population/100g soil is respectively the quantity that every 100g measures nematode in the soil.Corrected mortality %=(1-handles the worm rate % that lives/contrast worm rate alive %) * 100

" 0 " lays the place for capsule; "+" is dispenser point top distance; "-" is dispenser point below distance.

As can be seen from Table 1: in this experiment soil sample, 11,3-dichloropropylene capsule can reach the distance of 30cm up and down to vertically effective prevention and treatment range of nematode.Wherein the interior control efficiency to nematode in the soil of 15cm scope can reach more than 50% about the dispenser point.As seen 1, the 3-dichloropropylene has good penetrability as soil fumigant in soil, and this is its essential condition as good soil fumigant, and is efficient, strong penetrating power.

Accompanying drawing 1 has been listed microcapsule formulations technological process of production figure.

Accompanying drawing 2 has listed 1, and 3-D capsule longitudinal diffusion degree of depth in soil reaches the control efficiency to nematode.

Claims (1)

1. A kind of capsule preparations process technology of preventing and treating nematode, soil-borne disease agricultural chemicals is characterized in that:

   1. pesticide active ingredient 1, the 3-dichloro third rare (general by name 1,3-dichloropropene, chemical formula C ₃H ₄Cl ₂) be processed into capsule.

   2. the capsule coating material is some or a mixture that certain is several in melamine resin, Lauxite, gelatin, the gum Arabic, and weight percentage is 1%-20%.

   Capsule be shaped as circle, olive shape, ellipse, its size is 0.2-5cm ³, single capsules weight is 0.2-5g.

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