CN101475859A - Method and apparatus for preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane Download PDFInfo
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- CN101475859A CN101475859A CNA2009101052248A CN200910105224A CN101475859A CN 101475859 A CN101475859 A CN 101475859A CN A2009101052248 A CNA2009101052248 A CN A2009101052248A CN 200910105224 A CN200910105224 A CN 200910105224A CN 101475859 A CN101475859 A CN 101475859A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing natural gas without sulfur by marsh gas, which comprises the steps of: a, impurity removal; b, desulfurization; c, pressurized pushing; d, absorption displacement, namely carbon dioxide gas contained in the marsh gas processed by the steps is absorbed through an absorption tower in a solution displacement mode; e, cooling dehydration, namely the marsh gas processed by the steps is cooled and finishes the dehydration, and the water content of the marsh gas is controlled to be below 80 percent of relative humidity; and f, secondary filtration, namely the marsh gas processed by the step e is further filtered through a secondary filtration device to remove other impurities in the marsh gas to obtain the natural gas without the sulfur (the content of methane is between 85 and 99 percent). The invention also discloses a device for preparing the natural gas without the sulfur by the marsh gas. The method has the advantages that the marsh gas has high purity and is suitable to be massively and efficiently utilized, the utilization rate of raw materials for preparing the marsh gas is improved and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of sulfur-free natural gas, especially relate to a kind of method and device thereof of preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane.
Background technology
Biogas be organic substance in anaerobic environment, under the condition of certain temperature, humidity, potential of hydrogen, by the microbial fermentation effect, a kind of inflammable gas of generation.Because this gas is found in marsh, lake, pond at first, so people are called biogas to it.Biogas contains multiple gases, and wherein main component is methane (CH4).
Biogas bacterial degradation organism, the process of generation biogas is biogas fermentation.According to the effect of each bacterioid in the marsh gas fermentation processes, the biogas bacterium can be divided into two big classes.First kind bacterium is called decomposer, and its effect is that the organism with complexity resolves into simple organism and carbonic acid gas (C02) etc.Have cellulolyticly specially in the middle of them, be cellulose-decomposing bacteria; Special decomposing protein is arranged, cry protein decomposing dacteria; Have lipolyticly specially, cry the steatolysis bacterium; Second bacterioid is methanobacteria usually containing methanogen, and its effect is simple organism and carbonic acid gas oxidation or is reduced into methane.Therefore, organism becomes the process of biogas, and like the two procedures of producing a kind of product in the factory: at first being decomposing bacteria is processed into work in-process (compound simple in structure) with the organism of complexity such as ight soil, stalk, weeds; Secondly be exactly under the effect of methanogen, simple compound is processed into product (promptly generating methane).
Biogas is as the existing very long history of energy utilization.The biogas of China is mainly methane-generating pit for farm household at first, early 1970s, be the crop straw burning of solution and the problem of undercharge, the Chinese government promotes the biogas cause in the rural area, and the cooking that the biogas that methane-generating pit produces is used for rural households develops into illumination and heating gradually.At present, household biogas still is being extensive use of in China rural area.
For China based on agricultural, biogas technology is just being brought into play very big effect at agriculture field, at present, the relevant policies regulation that many development of marsh gas in rural area are arranged during country makes laws and regulations, and promote big-and-middle-sized biogas engineering construction throughout the country energetically, and the person skilled of this area obtains better utilised in order to make resource.Also further improving design, technology and automatic control technology level.
As, the patent No. is 01103983.3, and the Chinese invention patent that utilizes processing method that marsh gas of rubbish prepares high methane gas and device by name is improved to the preparation method's of biogas: this method comprises the steps: that (1) gather marsh gas of rubbish under normal temperature, little negative pressure or pressure-fired condition; (2) with the marsh gas of rubbish filtering and removing solid impurity and the cooled dehydrated that are collected; (3) marsh gas of rubbish that will remove solid impurity and water is under the 0.1-5.0MPa in gauge pressure, removes carbonic acid gas with solvent absorption, obtains high methane gas.In addition, this invention also relates to the device that is prepared high methane gas by marsh gas of rubbish.
If artificial biogas preparation is being become in the Sweet natural gas that can use for huge numbers of families, do not remove hydrogen sulfide, so not only millions upon millions of direct users can be subjected to the direct murder by poisoning of hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen sulfide permeates into the space, can cause more large-area pollution, make more crowd, plant biological poisoned by it.This social concern is a serious environmental protection problem very, and how high mention height not at all.
By as can be seen above,, still there is the deficiency of the following aspects though the preparation of marsh-gas of prior art and device have been made certain contribution to the biogas preparation field:
1, the biogas purity for preparing is low, is not suitable for utilization in large-scale, high-efficiency;
2, it is not high to prepare utilization ratio of raw materials for biogas.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the purpose of one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of biogas purity height, is suitable for method and the device thereof that utilizes preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane in large-scale, high-efficiency.
The present invention's purpose on the other hand provide a kind of improve that biogas prepares raw material availability utilize preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane method and device thereof.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of method of preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane, wherein, the method for described preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane comprises the steps:
A, removal impurity, it is between 0.5Mpa～2Mpa that described removal impurity is that the biogas that will prepare imports a solid and gas tripping device and control its pressure range by control valve, raw material impurities such as gas in the described biogas and dust are separated, the marsh gas flow that contains raw material impurity enters tripping device and carries out solid and gas separation and gas-liquid separation, raw material impurities such as dust are emitted from the separator lower part outlet, and the biogas after the separation is exported by tripping device;
B, desulfurization, described desulfurization are meant by a thionizer removes wherein sulfurous gas with the described biogas of handling through step a;
C, pressurization promotion, described pressurization promote to be meant by a pressurizing device and also promote backward through the biogas pressurization after the step b processing described, be 8m/s-20m/s with its flow rate control;
D, absorption replacement, described absorption replacement are meant that the biogas that will handle through above-mentioned steps carries out absorption replacement in solution metathetical mode with carbon dioxide containing gas in the described biogas by an absorption tower;
Biogas after e, cooled dehydrated, described cooled dehydrated are above-mentioned steps handled cools off and finishes dehydration, and its water content is controlled to be relative humidity below 80%;
F, smart filter, described smart filter is the biogas that will handle through described step e and further filters by a fine filtering device, removing other impurity in the biogas, and be sulfur-free natural gas between 85%～99% with the content of described biogas preparation the becoming methane of handling through smart filter;
According to above-mentioned design of the present invention, the desulfurization among the described step b is dry desulfurization or wet desulphurization;
Described dry desulfurization is meant replaces biogas by the equipment that contains gac, ferric oxide or Zinc oxide desulfurizer, the hydrogen sulfide in the described biogas is absorbed, thereby removes the hydrogen sulfide in the biogas;
Described wet desulphurization is meant passes through thionizer with biogas, with the desulfuration solution counter current contact in the described thionizer, absorbs the hydrogen sulfide in the biogas.
According to above-mentioned design of the present invention, the method for described preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane also comprises:
G, manipulation of regeneration, described manipulation of regeneration are meant that with substitute after using in the described absorption tower or substitutional solution process manipulation of regeneration discharge carbonic acid gas, solution circulated is used.
According to above-mentioned design of the present invention, the pressurizing device of described step c is a gas compressor.
According to above-mentioned design of the present invention, the dehydration of described step e is meant dewaters biogas by an interchanger.
According to above-mentioned design of the present invention, the essence filter among the described step f refers at the superimposed a plurality of strainers of gas air inlet place installing, and described filtering material is a precision Filter element.
According to above-mentioned design of the present invention, the tripping device among the described step a comprises a vaporizer, a strainer and is connected the impurity storing apparatus that is used to store impurity between described vaporizer and the strainer.
According to above-mentioned design of the present invention, the absorption replacement solution in the described steps d is basic solutions such as alcamines.
A kind of preparation facilities of preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane, wherein, described preparation facilities comprises:
One tripping device separates with inflammable gas in order to described biogas is carried out impurity, and described tripping device comprises that an inlet end and that is used to absorb biogas is used for the output terminal with the output of the biogas after the described separation;
One thionizer, described thionizer is connected in the output terminal of described tripping device, and with described separated biogas desulfurization;
One pressurizing device, described pressurizing device is connected with described thionizer, and in order to the described biogas of handling through desulfurization is pressurizeed;
One absorption tower, described absorption tower is connected in the output terminal of described pressurizing device, and by the solution in the described absorption tower carbon dioxide in the described biogas is carried out absorption replacement;
One cooling module, described cooled dehydrated assembly is connected with described absorption tower, and described biogas from absorption tower output is cooled off, dewaters; And the further filtering secondary filter of biogas that is connected in described cooled dehydrated assembly and is used for handling through aforesaid device with described.
According to above-mentioned design of the present invention, described tripping device comprises:
One strainer and the impurity storing apparatus that is used to store impurity;
Described dewatering unit is meant that biogas cools off by an interchanger.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect are that the existing biogas purity for preparing of sulfur-free natural gas that has overcome prior art is low, is not suitable for utilization in large-scale, high-efficiency; Prepare the not deficiency of high aspect of utilization ratio of raw materials for biogas.Have biogas purity height, be suitable for production in large-scale, high-efficiency; Improve biogas and prepare advantages such as raw material availability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schema of the biogas wet desulphurization in the method for preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schema of the biogas dry desulfurization in the method for preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the process flow sheet of the method for preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane of the present invention.
The drawing reference numeral explanation:
10 wet desulfuration towers, 11 wet desulphurization biogas input control valves, 12 wet desulphurization solid and gas tripping devices, desulfuration solution counter current contact chambers 13, the 20 desulfurization e Foerderanlage that dries, 21 wet desulphurization biogas delivery port.
30 desulfuration solution transferpumps, 40 desulfuration solution regeneration tanks.
110 dry desulfurization grooves, 111 dry desulfurization biogas input control valves, 112 dry method biogas gas-liquid separators, 121 dry desulfurization biogas delivery port.
50 pre-separators, separator before 60 gas compressors, 70 towers, 80 absorption towers, 81 tower aftercoolers, 82 accurate filters, 83 lean solution interchanger, 84 regenerator columns, 85 solution boiling devices, 86 carbon dioxide separators, 87 resurgent gases interchanger, 88 resurgent gases water coolers.
Embodiment
In order to further specify principle of the present invention and structure, existing in conjunction with Fig. 1～Fig. 3 to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail, yet the described embodiment usefulness for furnishing an explanation and explaining only can not be used for limiting scope of patent protection of the present invention.
A kind of method of preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane, wherein, the method for described preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane comprises the steps:
A, removal impurity, it is between 0.5Mpa～2Mpa that described removal impurity is that the biogas that will prepare imports a solid and gas tripping device and control its pressure range by control valve, raw material impurities such as gas in the described biogas and dust are separated, the marsh gas flow that contains raw material impurity enters tripping device and carries out solid and gas separation and gas-liquid separation, raw material impurities such as dust are emitted from the separator lower part outlet, and the biogas after the separation is exported by tripping device;
B, desulfurization, described desulfurization are meant by a thionizer removes wherein sulfurous gas with the described biogas of handling through step a;
C, pressurization promotion, described pressurization promote to be meant by a pressurizing device and also promote backward through the biogas pressurization after the step b processing described, be 8m/s-20m/s with its flow rate control;
D, absorption replacement, described absorption replacement are meant that the biogas that will handle through above-mentioned steps carries out absorption replacement in solution metathetical mode with carbon dioxide containing gas in the described biogas by an absorption tower;
Biogas after e, cooled dehydrated, described cooled dehydrated are above-mentioned steps handled cools off and finishes dehydration, and its water content is controlled to be relative humidity below 80%;
F, smart filter, described smart filter is the biogas that will handle through described step e and further filters by a fine filtering device, removing other impurity in the biogas, and be sulfur-free natural gas between 85%～99% with the content of described biogas preparation the becoming methane of handling through smart filter;
According to above-mentioned design of the present invention, the desulfurization among the described step c is dry desulfurization or wet desulphurization;
Described dry desulfurization is meant replaces biogas by the equipment that contains gac, ferric oxide or Zinc oxide desulfurizer, as shown in Figure 2, described biogas enters dry method biogas gas-liquid separator 112 by dry desulfurization biogas input control valve 111, controlling its pressure range then is between 0.5Mpa～2Mpa, the marsh gas flow that will contain raw material impurity enters separator and carries out solid and gas separation and gas-liquid separation, raw material impurities such as dust are emitted from the separator lower part outlet, and the biogas after the separation is exported by tripping device; Enter dry desulfurization groove 110, the hydrogen sulfide in the biogas is oxidized, thereby removes the hydrogen sulfide in the biogas, and the biogas after the desulfurization is sent by dry desulfurization biogas delivery port 121.
As shown in Figure 1, described wet desulphurization is meant biogas is entered wet desulfuration tower 10 by wet desulphurization biogas input control valve 11, with the desulfuration solution counter current contact in the desulfuration solution counter current contact chamber 13, absorbs the hydrogen sulfide in the biogas.
Described desulfuration solution is transported to desulfuration solution counter current contact chamber 13 by 30 desulfuration solution transferpumps, and the biogas after the desulfurization is sent to wet desulphurization biogas delivery port 21 after being handled by water catcher 20.
In the bottom of 10 wet desulfuration towers, desulfuration solution, these desulfuration solutions will turn back to desulfuration solution regeneration tank 40, through handling, sulphur is separated out recovery, and the desulfuration solution after the processing is desulfurized solution transfer pump 30 with multiple and delivers to desulfuration solution counter current contact chamber 13, carries out wet desulphurization.
According to above-mentioned design of the present invention, the method for described preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane also comprises:
G, manipulation of regeneration, described manipulation of regeneration are meant that with substitute after using in the described absorption tower or substitutional solution process manipulation of regeneration discharge carbonic acid gas, solution circulated is used.Desulfuration solution produces byproduct sulphur by manipulation of regeneration, recycles then.
According to above-mentioned design of the present invention, the pressurizing device of described step c is a gas compressor 60.
According to above-mentioned design of the present invention, the dehydration of described step e is meant dewaters biogas by an interchanger.
According to above-mentioned design of the present invention, the essence filter among the described step f refers at the superimposed a plurality of strainers of gas air inlet place installing, and described filtering material is a precision Filter element.
According to above-mentioned design of the present invention, the tripping device among the described step a comprises that one is used to store the impurity storing apparatus of impurity.
According to above-mentioned design of the present invention, the absorption replacement solution in the described steps d is basic solutions such as alcamines.
As shown in Figure 3, manufacture and design another embodiment of a kind of preparation facilities of preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane, wherein, described preparation facilities comprises:
One pre-separator 50 separates with inflammable gas in order to described biogas is carried out impurity, and described pre-separator 50 comprises that an inlet end and that is used to absorb biogas is used for the output terminal with the output of the biogas after the described separation;
One gas compressor 60, described gas compressor 60 is connected with separator 70 before the tower, with the described biogas pressurization of handling through desulfurization;
One absorption tower 80, described absorption tower 80 are connected in the output terminal of the preceding separator 70 of described tower, and with described separated biogas desulfurization; And carbon dioxide in the described biogas is carried out absorption replacement by the solution in the described absorption tower 80;
One tower aftercooler 81, described tower aftercooler 81 is connected with described absorption tower 80, and the biogas of described 80 outputs from the absorption tower is cooled off, dewaters; Described dehydration is meant dewaters biogas by an interchanger.
The one further filtering accurate filter 82 of biogas that is connected in described tower aftercooler 81 and is used for handling through aforesaid device with described.
The above embodiment of the present invention also comprises:
Described regenerator column 84 is sent resurgent gases to resurgent gases interchanger 87, through 88 coolings of resurgent gases water cooler, enters carbon dioxide separator 86 then again, through handling, the carbonic acid gas of separating out is sent to the carbon dioxide treatment device.
Described regenerator column 84 imports the lean solution on absorption tower 80 in health, and described regenerator column 84 connects solution boiling device 85, enters a lean solution interchanger 83 after the processing, and fluid infusion replenishes from solution system and comes, and enters regenerator column 84 jointly.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect are that the existing biogas purity for preparing of sulfur-free natural gas that has overcome prior art is low, is not suitable for utilization in large-scale, high-efficiency; Prepare the not deficiency of high aspect of utilization ratio of raw materials for biogas.Have biogas purity height, be suitable for utilization in large-scale, high-efficiency; Improve biogas and prepare advantages such as raw material availability.
Foregoing only is preferred embodiment of the present invention and the variant that exemplifies; be not used for limiting the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention every, any modification and the improvement that need not creative thinking done all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. the method for a preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane is characterized in that:
The method of described preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane comprises the steps:
A, removal impurity, it is between 0.5Mpa～2Mpa that described removal impurity is that the biogas that will prepare imports a solid and gas tripping device and control its pressure range by control valve, impurity such as gas in the described biogas and dust are separated, the marsh gas flow that contains raw material impurity enters tripping device and carries out solid and gas separation and gas-liquid separation, impurity such as dust are emitted from the separator lower part outlet, and the biogas after the separation is exported by tripping device;
B, desulfurization, described desulfurization are meant by a thionizer removes wherein sulfurous gas with the described biogas of handling through step a;
C, pressurization promotion, described pressurization promote to be meant by a pressurizing device and also promote backward through the biogas pressurization after the step b processing described, be 8m/s-20m/s with its flow rate control;
D, absorption replacement, described absorption replacement are meant that the biogas that will handle through above-mentioned steps carries out absorption replacement in solution metathetical mode with carbon dioxide containing gas in the described biogas by an absorption tower;
Biogas after e, cooled dehydrated, described cooled dehydrated are above-mentioned steps handled cools off and finishes dehydration, and its water content is controlled to be relative humidity below 80%;
F, smart filter, described smart filter is the biogas that will handle through described step e and further filters by a fine filtering device, removing other impurity in the biogas, and be sulfur-free natural gas between 85%～99% with the content of described biogas preparation the becoming methane of handling through smart filter;
2. the method for preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Desulfurization among the described step b is dry desulfurization or wet desulphurization;
Described dry desulfurization is meant replaces biogas by the equipment that contains gac, ferric oxide or Zinc oxide desulfurizer, the hydrogen sulfide in the described biogas is absorbed, thereby removes the hydrogen sulfide in the biogas;
Described wet desulphurization is meant passes through thionizer with biogas, contacts with the contrary sulphur of the desulfuration solution in the described thionizer, absorbs the hydrogen sulfide in the biogas.
3. the method for preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that:
The method of described preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane also comprises:
G, manipulation of regeneration, described manipulation of regeneration are meant that with substitute after using in the described absorption tower or substitutional solution process manipulation of regeneration discharge carbonic acid gas, solution circulated is used.
4. the method for preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
The pressurizing device of described step c is a gas compressor.
5. the method for preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
The dehydration of described step e is meant cools off biogas by an interchanger.
6. the method for preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Essence filter among the described step f refers at the superimposed a plurality of strainers of gas air inlet place installing, and described filtering material is a precision Filter element.
7. the method for preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Tripping device among the described step a is included as a strainer, removes water in the biogas, solid impurity, dust etc., and the impurity storing apparatus that is used to store impurity.
8. the method for preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Absorption replacement solution in the described steps d is basic solutions such as alcamines.
9. the preparation facilities of a preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane, it is characterized in that: described preparation facilities comprises:
One tripping device separates with inflammable gas in order to described biogas is carried out impurity, and described tripping device comprises that an inlet end and that is used to absorb biogas is used for the output terminal with the output of the biogas after the described separation;
One thionizer, described thionizer is connected in the output terminal of described tripping device, and with described separated biogas desulfurization;
One pressurizing device, described pressurizing device is connected with described thionizer, and in order to the described biogas of handling through desulfurization is pressurizeed;
One absorption tower, described absorption tower is connected in the output terminal of described pressurizing device, and by the solution in the described absorption tower carbon dioxide in the described biogas is carried out absorption replacement;
One cooled dehydrated assembly, described cooled dehydrated assembly is connected with described absorption tower, and described biogas from absorption tower output is cooled off, dewaters; And
The one further filtering secondary filter of biogas that is connected in described cooled dehydrated assembly and is used for handling through aforesaid device with described.
10. the preparation facilities of preparing sulfur-free natural gas from methane as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that:
Described tripping device is a strainer, removes water in the biogas, solid impurity, dust etc., and the impurity storing apparatus that is used to store impurity.
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