CN101470058A - Method for evaluating residual service life of marine low-pressure rubber-insulated cable - Google Patents
Method for evaluating residual service life of marine low-pressure rubber-insulated cable Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000003878 thermal aging Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 206010011906 Death Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229920003020 cross-linked polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004703 cross-linked polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000181 Ethylene propylene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000286663 Ficus elastica Species 0.000 description 1
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HGAZMNJKRQFZKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethene;ethenyl acetate Chemical compound ClC=C.CC(=O)OC=C HGAZMNJKRQFZKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012631 diagnostic technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010616 electrical installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012417 linear regression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004636 vulcanized rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Testing Relating To Insulation (AREA)
- Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for evaluating the residual life of low voltage rubber insulation cable used on ships, comprising: processing thermal accelerated aging test on the insulation material of a cable sample; quickly simulating the aging process of the cable; attaining a cable service life equation based on the breaking elongation of the cable insulation material; in each time node of the thermal accelerated aging test, measuring the tangent value of dielectric loss angle of the cable insulation material, to obtain a cable service life equation based on the tangent value of dielectric loss angle of the insulation material and a tangent critical value of the dielectric loss angle at the end of the cable life; evaluating the service life of a low voltage rubber insulation cable of one standard via the two service life equations; according to the tangent value of dielectric loss angle measured in site, using the cable service life equation based on the tangent value of dielectric loss angle to evaluate the residual life of the in-situ cable. The method can quickly and accurately evaluate the residual life of cable in-situ.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to insulation of electrical installation diagnostic techniques field, relate to the diagnosis of low-voltage cable state of insulation, specially refer to a kind of method of assessing residual service life of marine low-pressure rubber-insulated cable.
Background technology
Shipboard cable mostly is low-pressure rubber-insulated cable, and so-called low-voltage cable is meant that rated voltage is lower than the cable of 1kV.For ship power and illuminating line, the India-rubber cable that adopts in use because the oxygenolysis of rubber changes the physical and mechanical properties of vulcanized rubber: hardening, become fragile, form crackle on rubber, air and moisture are filled in the crackle.Above-mentioned factor all can be quickened the aging of cable insulation layer material, and the narrow and small of space is difficult to carry out detection and maintenance in the cabin, is difficult to scent a hidden danger the localization of faults.
The insulation technology state of shipboard cable is normally according to the evaluation of the tour of the analysis of shipping data, maintainer's inquiry, cable trace and insulation resistance determined.Can confirm by check test whether cable is fit to operation, but can not determine the ability to work of cable under the impaired condition (increase of superpotential, transition humidity, working current etc.), especially remain mission life.To the definite evaluation of the present insulation technology state of cable not only the viewpoint of collateral security marine vessel power equipment work reliability be important, and also be very important from the angle of fire preventing.Being noted that when boats and ships keep in repair changing cable is the very expensive and heavy operation of a price, not having the replacing of abundant foundation maybe must change and do not implement, all is unallowed.
Aging at cable insulation fault and cable insulation, over nearly 30 years, research institution and laboratory have proposed numerous test methods and means both at home and abroad, and be as shown in table 1.
Table 1 cable testing method
The pilot project title | Test type | The pilot project title | Test type |
DC voltage withstand test | Off-line, destructiveness | Power frequency withstand test | Off-line, destructiveness |
The frequency conversion resonance vibration pressure-proof test | Off-line, destructiveness | 0.1Hz Ultra-low frequency voltage endurance test | Off-line, destructiveness |
The oscillating voltage test | Off-line, destructiveness | Partial discharge test | Off-line, non-destructive |
Return voltage | Off-line, non-destructive | The dielectric loss angle tangent test | Off-line, non-destructive |
Dc superposition method | Online, non-destructive | Exchange method of superposition | Online, non-destructive |
The flip-flop method | Online, non-destructive | The harmonic component method | Online, non-destructive |
So far, having different views of relevant both at home and abroad these test methods of expert opinion is bigger, except DC voltage withstand test be acknowledged as invalid and harmful, other pilot projects and method still are in continuous exploration and conceptual phase.All there are many immature, imperfection parts in above-mentioned test method, its actual operability, with the equivalence of power-frequency voltage test, find that the validity etc. of cable insulation early defect is still among research, accumulation operating experience process.Secondly, no matter preventive trial adopts above-mentioned which kind of test method, its selected trial voltage is all very high, is actually cable major insulation is once damaged, and has correspondingly shortened the cable running safety life-span.
Shipboard cable to the requirement of detection technique is: off-line, online and non-destructive, promptly can realize having a power failure detection, charged detection and test voltage are lower than the specified power-frequency voltage (U of cable
0).Result according to Literature Consult, 0.1Hz sinusoidal voltage test, dielectric loss angle tangent test and insulation resistance test can satisfy the requirement of shipboard cable detection technique, but the employed test voltage of above-mentioned method of testing can not surpass the rated operational voltage of cable, is applied to shipboard cable insulation technology state-detection and has following problem:
(1) shipboard cable is the rubber-covered low-voltage cable, the result of study of all documents of finding at present all is at middle and high piezoelectric forces cable, cable insulation material is generally tygon (PE), crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and paper medium insulated cable (PILC), so the shipboard cable insulation detects the support that lacks the literature research result;
(2) because shipboard cable is a low-voltage cable, in other industry, as power industry, the low-voltage cable accessibility is good, the replacing quantities is little, the cable preventive trial can use disruptive method, the timely cable of changing in back of pinpointing the problems can be dealt with problems, therefore the research of the insulation lossless detection method of low-voltage cable does not cause enough attention, also lack relevant criterion and criterion, and the experimental technique of cable lags significantly behind the manufacturing technology and the application technology of cable at present, original standard, rules, for example in " power equipment preventive trial rules ", only usefulness length is seldom mentioned the pre-method for testing after cable puts into operation, and does not have operability;
(3) though the test of 0.1Hz sinusoidal voltage, dielectric loss angle tangent test and insulation resistance test can satisfy the requirement of shipboard cable detection technique, but be engaged in the state of insulation evaluation work of shipboard cable at present without any unit, do not retrieve the data of construction value yet, lack the reference of historical data data.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method that can effectively assess residual service life of marine low-pressure rubber-insulated cable, reach the purpose of comparatively accurately and rapidly assessing residual service life of marine low-pressure rubber-insulated cable.
Technical scheme of the present invention is that the chamber test is assessed residual service life of marine low-pressure rubber-insulated cable in conjunction with the method for on-the-spot test by experiment, and it comprises the steps:
(1) insulating material to cable sample carries out accelerating thermal aging test, the ageing process of quick dummycable, stopping index-cable rubber breaking elongation (breaking elongation of cable insulation material drops to 150%) with internationally recognized cable insulation aging life-span is criterion, along with the growth of quickening thermal aging time, monotonicity will take place the breaking elongation of cable insulation material changes, and obtains the cable life equation based on the cable insulation material breaking elongation.This life-span equation should have following form:
Log τ=a+b/T formula (1)
τ-product is in the life-span of temperature T condition work in the formula; T-working temperature (absolute temperature K); A, b-and the relevant coefficient of material heat ageing essence;
(2) cable insulation material is quickened in each timing node of heat ageing, measure the dielectric loss angle tangent of cable insulation material simultaneously, the critical value of the dielectric loss angle tangent of (breaking elongation of cable insulation material drops to 150%) when acquisition stops based on the cable life equation of cable insulation material dielectric loss angle tangent and cable life, this life-span equation should have following form:
Tan δ=Aexp (Y/B)+C formula (2)
Wherein, A, B, C are undetermined constant, and be relevant with the insulating material and the structure of cable; Y is the use year number of cable;
(3) to low-pressure rubber-insulated cable with a kind of specifications and models, utilize two kinds of life-span equations of acquisition in (1) and (2) that its life-span is judged, be benchmark with the result of determination of formula (1), the result of formula (2) is verified and revises;
(4) in the field engineering implementation process of cable insulation technique state estimation, the breaking elongation of cable insulation material is can not detected parameter, and the dielectric loss value of cable insulation material is on-the-spot detectable amount.Therefore,, utilize the life-span equation of formula (2), can make judgement to the residual life of on-site cable rapidly according to the dielectric loss angle tangent that measures in the field engineering implementation process.
The present invention follows following principle in the process that obtains the cable life equation:
(1) determines the temperature range of thermal aging test, and in this temperature range, choose the accelerating thermal aging test that 3~5 test temperatures are carried out product.
(2) selection in acceleration heat ageing cycle.During accelerating thermal aging test, the cycle is generally got 6~10, counts with the actual measurement that draws aging curve under each test temperature.If aging curve is an index law, all period interval just adopt geometric progression, promptly 1,2,4,8,16 ... Deng.If aging curve is linear rule, all period interval just adopt arithmetic series, promptly 2,4,6,8,10 ... Deng.Last point should be near near the end-of-life index.
(3) the selected performance parameter that can reflect the parameter of test product main performance as examination, this performance parameter should be able to reflect the most delicately that test product changes the ground rule with thermal aging time, can test exactly, test figure has better repeatability etc.And selected this parameter is when being lower than some values, promptly as the critical value of end-of-life.The present invention selects the breaking elongation of cable insulation material and dielectric loss angle tangent as performance assessment criteria.
(4) under each selected ground temperature, carry out thermal aging test, obtain the relation curve of test product performance parameter and thermal aging time under each temperature, be called aging curve.
Aging curve under each temperature can be listed the aging curve equation.The critical value (during end-of-life) that aging curve is extended to performance parameter is the life time under a certain temperature, and this life time also can be tried to achieve from the aging curve equation.
(5) relation of life time under each temperature and temperature being made curve, is exactly the life curve of product to be tested.Can list the equation of life curve equally according to curve.Can determine the mission life of product under a certain temperature from life curve.
Effect of the present invention and benefit are as follows, the method of the assessment residual service life of marine low-pressure rubber-insulated cable that the present invention proposes can be made rapidly the residual life of cable and assessment accurately at the scene, for the maintenance and the replacing of shipboard cable provides foundation accurately, a large amount of evaluation times and expense have effectively been saved.In addition, this technology also can be used for assessing the marine low-pressure cable of other types insulating material.
Embodiment
The residual life of the main cable of not changing with certain ship of navigating by water 40 years of assessment is that example elaborates to the present invention.The detail parameters of cable is as shown in table 2.
The dried cable data of certain shipowner of table 2
Length (m) | The core number | Specification (mm 2) | Insulation | Outer jacket | Lay the time | The cable model |
10 | 1 | 185 | EP rubbers | Neoprene | 40 years | CEF |
(1) based on the cable life equation of cable insulation material breaking elongation
Insulating material EP rubbers to cable carries out accelerating thermal aging test, and the nominal operation temperature of cable is 85 ℃, and the accelerating thermal aging test equilibrium temperature is selected 100 ℃, and 110 ℃, 120 ℃.The breaking elongation test result of cable insulation material is as shown in table 3.
The breaking elongation test result of table 3 accelerating thermal aging test
According to the data of accelerated aging test, use linear regression analysis, can calculate and reduce to 150% with breaking elongation is the thermal lifetime equation of the cable insulation material EP rubbers of failure criteria:
logτ=-11.654+5417/T
Wherein, τ is the aging life-span of EP rubbers; T is the running temperature of cable.
If 40 ℃ of the average running temperatures of cable, then the life-span of cable is 50 years, and then remaining mission life is 10 years.
(2) based on the cable life equation of cable insulation material dielectric loss angle tangent
Insulating material EP rubbers to cable carries out accelerating thermal aging test, and the nominal operation temperature of cable is 85 ℃, and the accelerating thermal aging test equilibrium temperature is selected 100 ℃, and 110 ℃, 120 ℃, the dielectric loss test data of cable insulation material is as shown in table 4.
The dielectric loss test result of table 4 accelerating thermal aging test
Test figure is carried out the relational expression that theoretical analysis obtains is:
tanδ=Aexp(Y/B)+C
Wherein, A, B, C are undetermined constant, and be relevant with the insulating material and the structure of cable; Y is the use year number of cable.Numerical analysis is the result obtain: to ethylene propylene rubber insulated cable, and A=0.08, B=28.5, C=0.01,
Be tan δ=0.08exp (Y/28.5)+0.01
It is 48 years that the critical data 0.5 of the dielectric loss angle tangent when stopping with second third cable life is brought the cable life that above-mentioned equation obtains into, and the residue mission life is 8 years, and this is approaching with the result based on the cable life equation of cable insulation material breaking elongation.
(3) dielectric loss angle tangent of certain ship cable of field engineering measurement is 0.26751, utilizes the equation that obtains in (2), and year number that lays of cable is 41 years, and is approaching consistent with the actual year number that lays, and proved the accuracy of this equation.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of method of assessing residual service life of marine low-pressure rubber-insulated cable, its feature comprises the steps:
(1) insulating material to cable sample carries out accelerating thermal aging test, and the ageing process of dummycable is obtained the cable life equation based on the cable insulation material breaking elongation fast;
(2) in carrying out each timing node of accelerating thermal aging test, measure the dielectric loss angle tangent of cable insulation material simultaneously, obtain the critical value of the dielectric loss angle tangent when stopping based on the cable life equation of insulating material dielectric loss angle tangent and cable life;
(3), utilize two kinds of life-span equations that its life-span is assessed to low-pressure rubber-insulated cable with a kind of specifications and models;
(4) according to the dielectric loss angle tangent of in-site measurement, utilize and the residual life of on-site cable is made assessment based on the cable life equation of dielectric loss angle tangent.
2, a kind of method of assessing residual service life of marine low-pressure rubber-insulated cable according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described based on the cable insulation material dielectric loss angle tangent the cable life equation and the critical value of the dielectric loss angle tangent of cable life when stopping.
3, a kind of method of assessing residual service life of marine low-pressure rubber-insulated cable according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described dielectric loss angle tangent according to in-site measurement utilizes and based on the cable life equation of dielectric loss angle tangent the residual life of on-site cable is made assessment.
4, a kind of method of assessing residual service life of marine low-pressure rubber-insulated cable according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the measuring voltage of described dielectric loss angle tangent is lower than the rated operational voltage of cable, belongs to Non-Destructive Testing.
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