CN101458286B - Phasor measuring set based on in situ spectroscopic analysis and applied wide domain measuring system - Google Patents
Phasor measuring set based on in situ spectroscopic analysis and applied wide domain measuring system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention concretely discloses a wide area measurement system which is applied to a phasor measurement unit and based on local frequency spectrum analysis, which comprises a WAMS main station, a PMU substation and a power data network; the PMU substation comprises a GPS time service unit, a synchronized phasor acquisition unit, and a data centralized processing unit; the WAMS main station sends measurement and configuration information, measurement information to be detected and thresholds of a plurality of low-frequency oscillation parameters and receives the parameters measured by low-frequency oscillation which exceed the thresholds and return from each PMU substation for comprehensive analysis in order to obtain overall oscillation mode information; the PMU substation also comprises a frequency spectrum analysis unit and a low-frequency oscillation detection unit. The invention also discloses a phasor measurement unit based on the local frequency spectrum analysis. The adoption of the system and device of the invention can realize real-time and rapid low-frequency oscillation detection and analysis of a large-scale electricity grid.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the wide area measurement field, particularly relate to a kind of based on the phasor measuring set of spectrum analysis on the spot and the WAMS of application.
Background technology
Along with the expansion day by day of electrical network scale, low-frequency oscillation becomes one of serious threat of harm power system stability operation.Therefore, online detection of low-frequency oscillation and the analysis based on phasor measurement unit (PMU:Phasor Measurement Unit) measurement information is present WAMS most important applications.
With reference to Fig. 1, be the described WAMS structural drawing of prior art.
WAMS comprises: WAMS (WAMS:Wide Area MeasurementSystem) main website 11 and PMU substation 12, the two realizes data communication by electric power data network 13.In actual applications, WAMS main website 11 can corresponding a plurality of PMU substation 12; PMU substation 12 also can be corresponding a plurality of WAMS main website 11.
WAMS main website 11 sends command frame and measures the configuration frame to each PMU substation 12, receive the measurement information that returns each PMU substation 12 and store, the measurement information that returns according to each PMU substation 12 carries out spectrum analysis and low-frequency oscillation detection simultaneously, and analysis-by-synthesis obtains modal informations such as node coherence grouping, vibration interphase and contribution factor.
Each PMU substation 12 comprises a phasor measuring set, is used for measurement configuration requirement according to main website and obtains corresponding measurement information and be sent to WAMS main website 12.
Phasor measuring set comprises: GPS time service unit 121, synchronized phasor collecting unit 122 and centralized data processing unit 123.
Described GPS time service unit 121 is used to synchronous vectorial collecting unit 122 that unified clock reference is provided.
The clock reference that provides according to GPS time service unit 121 is provided described synchronized phasor collecting unit 122, realizes the synchro measure to phase voltage, phase current, switching value and DC quantity, the real time data of the various measurements that the system that obtains needs.
Described centralized data processing unit 123 is used for the real time data that respectively measures that synchronized phasor collecting unit 122 obtains is handled, and with real-time data memory this locality and be sent to WAMS main website 11.
Existing phasor measuring set only has the record ripple, calculate phasor and with phasor and the local storage of recorder data and on send the function of WAMS main website.
When the vibration node that obtains whole WAMS when needs hives off the contribution factor of situation and each node, just need carry out spectrum analysis to the PMU metric data of each node.In the prior art, the online low-frequency oscillation detection and the analytic function of above-mentioned PMU metric data are all finished by the WAMS main website.
In actual applications, the calculated amount that each PMU metric data is carried out spectrum analysis is very huge.Particularly network size constantly increases now, and PMU cloth is counted out also constantly to be increased.But the calculation server number of WAMS main website is normally fixed.Therefore, be easy to cause the WAMS main website can not satisfy the real-time requirement that low-frequency oscillation detects.
Therefore, how reducing the computation burden of WAMS master station application server, realize the low-frequency oscillation real-time of large scale electric network is detected and analyzes, is the technical matters that those skilled in the art are badly in need of solving.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of phasor measuring set that is used for WAMS, can realize the low-frequency oscillation real-time of large scale electric network is detected and analyzes.
The invention provides a kind of WAMS of using based on the phasor measuring set of spectrum analysis on the spot, comprise WAMS main website, PMU substation and electric power data network, described PMU substation comprises GPS time service unit, synchronized phasor collecting unit and centralized data processing unit, described WAMS main website is used for sending the threshold value that measures configuration information, measurement information to be checked and each parameter of low-frequency oscillation to each PMU substation, and receive the parameter that the low-frequency oscillation that surpasses threshold value that each PMU substation returns measures, carry out analysis-by-synthesis, obtain overall situation vibration modal information;
Described PMU substation also comprises spectral analysis unit and low-frequency oscillation detecting unit;
Described spectral analysis unit is used for according to the measurement information to be checked of WAMS main website transmission, in conjunction with each real time data that measures that the synchronized phasor collecting unit obtains the online in real time spectrum analysis being carried out in each measurement, obtains the parameter value that respectively measures corresponding low-frequency oscillation;
Described low-frequency oscillation detecting unit be used for according to each measure the parameter value of corresponding low-frequency oscillation, the threshold value of each parameter of low-frequency oscillation of sending in conjunction with the WAMS main website, judge whether to exist low-frequency oscillation above threshold value, if have, the described low-frequency oscillation that surpasses threshold value is measured corresponding parameter of oscillation return the WAMS main website.
Preferably, described WAMS main website sends the threshold value of measurement information to be checked and each parameter of low-frequency oscillation to each PMU substation by the analysis configuration frame.
Preferably, described analysis configuration frame comprises: analysis type, low-frequency oscillation detection method, low-frequency oscillation detect frequency threshold, power assignment threshold value, frequency amplitude threshold value, damping ratio threshold value, the Ct value that continues.
Preferably, described PMU substation will measure corresponding parameter of oscillation by the analysis result frame and return the WAMS main website above the low-frequency oscillation of threshold value.
Preferably, described analysis result frame comprises: low-frequency oscillation ID, the PMU measurement amount ID of described low-frequency oscillation correspondence, the frequency of described low-frequency oscillation, amplitude, phase place, damping, the temporal information that surpass prescribed threshold.
Preferably, described system further comprises the main website Alarm Unit that is arranged on the WAMS main website; Described main website Alarm Unit is used for according to Comprehensive analysis results, when determine to exist threatening the stable low-frequency oscillation of security of system, sends the low-frequency oscillation alarm.
Preferably, described system further comprises the substation Alarm Unit that is arranged on each PMU substation; Described substation Alarm Unit is used for according to the low-frequency oscillation parameter value, when determine to exist threatening the stable low-frequency oscillation of security of system, sends the low-frequency oscillation alarm.
Preferably, be attenuated to below the threshold value when described low-frequency oscillation detecting unit detects the described amplitude that surpasses the low-frequency oscillation of threshold value, and continue the Preset Time section after, send vibration disappearance information to the WAMS main website.
Preferably, when described low-frequency oscillation detecting unit detects a measurement and has at least two mode of oscillation and surpass the low-frequency oscillation of threshold value, with each mode of oscillation as one independently low-frequency oscillation report to the WAMS main website.
The present invention provides also that a kind of described device comprises GPS time service unit, synchronized phasor collecting unit and centralized data processing unit based on the phasor measuring set of spectrum analysis on the spot, and described device also comprises spectral analysis unit and low-frequency oscillation detecting unit;
Described spectral analysis unit is used for according to the measurement information to be checked that receives, in conjunction with each real time data that measures that the synchronized phasor collecting unit obtains the online in real time spectrum analysis being carried out in each measurement, obtains the parameter value that respectively measures corresponding low-frequency oscillation;
Described low-frequency oscillation detecting unit be used for according to each measure the parameter value of corresponding low-frequency oscillation, in conjunction with the threshold value of each parameter of low-frequency oscillation that receives, judge whether to exist low-frequency oscillation above threshold value, if have, obtain described parameter of oscillation and the transmission that surpasses the low-frequency oscillation correspondence of threshold value.
Preferably, described low-frequency oscillation parameter comprises: the ID of low-frequency oscillation, vibration corresponding amount are measured ID, the frequency of vibration, amplitude, phase place, damping ratio, temporal information.
Preferably, be attenuated to below the threshold value when described low-frequency oscillation detecting unit detects the described amplitude that surpasses the low-frequency oscillation of threshold value, and continue the Preset Time section after, send vibration disappearance information.
Preferably, when described low-frequency oscillation detecting unit detects a measurement and has at least two low frequency oscillation modes that surpass threshold value, with the low-frequency oscillation of described each mode of oscillation of measurement as one independently vibration send.
Preferably, described device further comprises the substation Alarm Unit; Described substation Alarm Unit judges according to low-frequency oscillation information on the spot, when determining to exist when threatening the stable low-frequency oscillation of security of system, sends the low-frequency oscillation alarm to the Work in Place station.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
WAMS of the present invention and be used for the phasor measuring set of wide area measurement, by each PMU substation is increased spectral analysis unit and low-frequency oscillation detecting unit, spectrum analysis and oscillation test are carried out on the spot to the real time data that respectively measures that collects in each PMU substation, and the corresponding parameter of oscillation of low-frequency oscillation measurement that testing result is promptly surpassed threshold value returns the WAMS main website.Adopt this mode, with calculated amount the best part in low-frequency oscillation detection and the analysis, be that the spectrum analysis of each PMU measurement amount is distributed in each PMU substation and carries out Distributed Calculation, the WAMS main website only is responsible for the result that each PMU substation is detected is carried out analysis-by-synthesis, obtain the vibration mode of low-frequency oscillation in network-wide basis, thereby greatly reduce the calculated amount of main website, realize the low-frequency oscillation real-time of large scale electric network is detected and analyzes.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the described WAMS structural drawing of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the WAMS structural drawing of using based on the phasor measuring set of spectrum analysis on the spot of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the data transmission frame structure figure that WAMS of the present invention adopts;
Fig. 4 is the phasor measuring set structural drawing based on spectrum analysis on the spot of the present invention.
Embodiment
For above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent more, the present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of based on the phasor measuring set of spectrum analysis on the spot and the WAMS of application, effectively reduce the computation burden of WAMS master station application server, realize the low-frequency oscillation real-time of large scale electric network is detected and analyzes.
WAMS of the present invention, by in each PMU substation, increasing spectral analysis unit and low-frequency oscillation detecting unit, spectrum analysis and oscillation test are carried out on the spot to the real time data that respectively measures that collects in each PMU substation, and the corresponding parameter of oscillation of low-frequency oscillation measurement that testing result is promptly surpassed threshold value returns the WAMS main website.The WAMS main website only is responsible for the result that each PMU substation is detected is carried out analysis-by-synthesis, obtains the vibration mode of low-frequency oscillation in network-wide basis.
With reference to Fig. 2, be the WAMS structural drawing of using based on the phasor measuring set of spectrum analysis on the spot of the present invention.
Described WAMS comprises: WAMS main website 21 and PMU substation 22, the two realizes data communication by electric power data network 23.
Each PMU substation 22 comprises a phasor measuring set.In actual applications, WAMS main website 21 can corresponding a plurality of PMU substation 22; PMU substation 22 also can be corresponding a plurality of WAMS main website 21.
Described WAMS main website 21 is used for sending the threshold value that measures configuration information, measurement information to be checked and each parameter of low-frequency oscillation to each PMU substation 22, and receive the low-frequency oscillation that surpasses prescribed threshold that each PMU substation 22 returns and measure corresponding parameter of oscillation, carry out analysis-by-synthesis, obtain overall situation vibration modal information.
Described PMU substation 22 is used for the measurement information to be checked that sends according to each metric data of collecting in real time, in conjunction with WAMS, spectrum analysis and low-frequency oscillation detection are carried out in measurement to be checked, obtain the low-frequency oscillation corresponding parameters value that surpasses regulation, be back to WAMS main website 21.
With reference to shown in Figure 2, described WAMS main website 21 comprises information transmitting unit 211, information receiving unit 212, integerated analytic unit 213 and information memory cell 214;
Described information transmitting unit 211 is used for sending the threshold value that measures configuration information, measurement information to be checked and each parameter of low-frequency oscillation to each PMU substation 22.
By in the real-time Data Transmission agreement, increasing the analysis configuration frame, be used for realizing that WAMS main website 21 notifies each PMU substation 22 to need which measurement amount is carried out the threshold value of low-frequency oscillation detection and each parameter of oscillation of low-frequency oscillation detection respectively.
Described WAMS main website 21 sends the analysis configuration frames to PMU substation 22, the phasor measuring set of informing each PMU substation 22 respectively need carry out online low-frequency oscillation detection to which power of this locality or the measurement of frequency, and informs that each phasor measuring set is used to judge whether to take place the parameter of oscillation threshold value of low-frequency oscillation.The threshold value of for example, low-frequency oscillation power magnitude is that the threshold value of 100MW, frequency amplitude is that the threshold value of 0.05Hz, persistent oscillation periodicity is 5 cycles etc.
Described information receiving unit 212 is used to receive the measurement information that each PMU substation 22 is returned, and is sent to information memory cell 214 and stores.
Described integerated analytic unit 213 is used to receive the parameter of each low-frequency oscillation of returning each PMU substation 21 that surpasses threshold value, carries out analysis-by-synthesis, obtains the overall modal informations such as node coherence grouping, vibration interphase, contribution factor of low-frequency oscillation.
213 pairs of described integerated analytic unit are received from the low-frequency oscillation that surpasses threshold value of each PMU substation 21 and sort out.At first, the measurement that oscillation frequency is close is classified as a class, selects the mode frequency of the frequency of the measurement of relative amplitude maximum in this type of as this type of low-frequency oscillation.Measure for the PMU that belongs to same classification mode of oscillation,, therefore can not directly compare its vibration that provides phase place constantly because the initial moment of its report vibration is not necessarily unified.Therefore with in the low-frequency oscillation that belongs to same classification mode of oscillation, the vibration of the measuring reports that oscillation amplitude is maximum is relatively converted described benchmark constantly with the oscillation phase of other measuring reports in this type of mode of oscillation according to each self-recording oscillation frequency constantly as benchmark.Then, be benchmark with the phase place of the maximum relatively measuring reports of oscillation amplitude in this type of mode of oscillation, calculate all the other (be frequency or be meritorious injecting power) of the same type PMU and measure at described benchmark relative phase constantly.At last, the relative phase according to each measurement carries out about overall situation vibration modal informations such as the node coherence grouping of this type of mode of oscillation and then obtain vibrating interphase and node contribution factors.
Further, WAMS of the present invention main website 21 further comprises main website Alarm Unit 215, be used for analysis result according to integerated analytic unit 213, when determining that existence is stablized the low-frequency oscillation that threatens to security of system, transmission low-frequency oscillation alarm, the prompting operations staff eliminates or weakens oscillation treatment.
With reference to shown in Figure 2, the phasor measuring set of described PMU substation 22 comprises: GPS time service unit 221, synchronized phasor collecting unit 222, centralized data processing unit 223 and spectral analysis unit 224 and low-frequency oscillation detecting unit 225.
Described GPS time service unit 221 is used to synchronous vectorial collecting unit 222 that unified clock reference is provided.
GPS time service unit 221 selects for use high-grade GPS module as the device core, cooperates high precision time service circuit, for synchronous vectorial collecting unit 222 provides unified clock reference.
Under the normal situation of lock star, the degree of accuracy of the synchronous clock that GPS time service unit 221 provides is ± 1 μ s; Under satellite losing lock situation, GPS time service unit 221 continues to keep the output of gps signal, and the assurance system was not more than 1 with interior synchronous error in 1 hour at the mistake star and spends.
The measurement configuration frame that described synchronized phasor collecting unit 222 is used to receive clock reference that GPS time service unit 221 provides, sends according to WAMS main website 21, phase voltage, phase current, switching value and DC quantity etc. are carried out synchro measure, the real time data of the various measurements that the system that obtains needs.
Synchronized phasor collecting unit 222 utilize optical fiber port receive high precision to the time signal, support electricity/light 100M ethernet communication, all analog quantity channels are carried out the equal interval sampling of absolute synchronization, built-in high performance DSP realizes the real-time calculating of phasor.
Described centralized data processing unit 223 is used for the real time data that respectively measures that synchronized phasor collecting unit 222 obtains is handled, and functions such as this locality storage of realization real time data and distant place communication.
Described data processing mainly comprises: original phasor compensated, eliminates frequency and reveal the error that effect causes, and calculated rate, power, unit built-in potential etc.
Centralized data processing unit 223 can connect a plurality of distributed measurements unit, and expansion flexibly.It has 4 10/100M self-adaptation Ethernet interfaces, except that an Ethernet interface is used for the device intercommunication, all the other Ethernet interfaces all can be used for correspondence with foreign country, can be simultaneously transmit data to a plurality of WAMS main website 21, and the data of each communication port transmit content and all can define flexibly.
The measurement information to be checked that described spectral analysis unit 224 is used for sending according to WAMS main website 21, each real time data that measures of obtaining in conjunction with synchronized phasor collecting unit 222, the online in real time spectrum analysis is carried out in each measurement, obtained parameter values such as the amplitude that respectively measures corresponding low-frequency oscillation, phase place, damping ratio, temporal information.
Described temporal information comprises the zero hour, the some moment the duration of the vibration of low-frequency oscillation and vibrates the finish time etc.
Described low-frequency oscillation detecting unit 225 be used for obtaining according to spectral analysis unit 224 each measure the parameter value of corresponding low-frequency oscillation, the threshold value of each parameter of low-frequency oscillation of sending in conjunction with WAMS main website 21, judge whether to exist low-frequency oscillation above threshold value, if have, the described low-frequency oscillation that surpasses threshold value is measured corresponding parameter of oscillation return WAMS main website 21.
Described parameter of oscillation comprises: the frequency, amplitude, phase place, damping ratio, parameter of oscillation that surpasses ID, the measurement amount ID of described vibration correspondence of the low-frequency oscillation of threshold value, described vibration constantly etc.
Described phase place comprises the corresponding constantly phase place of oscillation information last time.For example starting of oscillation constantly, the phase place in some moment vibration finish time, vibration the duration.
Some moment duration that described parameter of oscillation comprising the initial moment of vibration, the finish time and vibration constantly etc.
By in the real-time Data Transmission agreement, increasing the analysis result frame, be used for each PMU substation 22 and return parameter of oscillation above the low-frequency oscillation correspondence of threshold value to WAMS main website 21.
Send after described analysis result frame first Frame after substation PMU22 obtains corresponding analysis result.
Further, when described low-frequency oscillation detecting unit 225 detect obtain amplitude that the described low-frequency oscillation that surpasses threshold value measures be attenuated to below the threshold value, and continue the Preset Time section after, send vibration disappearance information to WAMS main website 21.
Further, phasor measuring set can also comprise substation Alarm Unit 226, be used for detecting the low-frequency oscillation measurement parameters value that obtains according to low-frequency oscillation detecting unit 225, tentatively judge whether to exist the stable low-frequency oscillation of threat security of system, if exist, send the low-frequency oscillation warning information, remind operations staff, oscillation-damped as early as possible.
Described PMU substation 22 is according to detecting the low-frequency oscillation measurement information that obtains on the spot, though vibration such as the hive off pattern and the contribution factor that can not obtain vibrating global information.But can tentatively judge whether to exist to threaten the stable low-frequency oscillation of security of system according to off-line analysis result calculated and experience by substation Alarm Unit 226,, send the low-frequency oscillation warning information if exist.The operations staff of each PMU substation 22 of power plant or transformer station can be according to local oscillation information, and for example which type of measure inhibition or oscillation-damped preliminary judgement such as Zhen Dang frequency, amplitude should adopt, and not necessarily will wait for the calculating judged result of WAMS main website 21.Like this can be for inhibition or oscillation-damped gain time fast.
In actual applications, each measurement of each PMU substation 22 all may comprise a plurality of mode of oscillation.When low-frequency oscillation detecting unit 225 detects certain measurement and has a plurality of mode of oscillation and surpass the low-frequency oscillation of threshold value, with each mode of oscillation of satisfying oscillating condition as one independently vibration report to WAMS main website 21.
Further, the phasor measuring set that the information transmitting unit 211 of described WAMS main website 21 also is used to inform each PMU substation 22 the low-frequency oscillation that respectively surpasses threshold value the duration, upload one time parameter of oscillation oscillation period every specifying.
At this moment, corresponding, each PMU substation 22 during the lasting cycle of the low-frequency oscillation that respectively surpasses threshold value in, according to oscillation period of analysis configuration frame appointment constantly the parameter information of current vibration being reported to WAMS main website 21 at interval.
Adopt system of the present invention, with calculated amount the best part in low-frequency oscillation detection and the analysis, be that the spectrum analysis of each PMU measurement amount is distributed in each PMU substation 22 and carries out Distributed Calculation, 21 of WAMS main websites are responsible for the result that each PMU substation 22 is detected is carried out analysis-by-synthesis, obtain the vibration mode of low-frequency oscillation in network-wide basis, thereby greatly reduce the calculated amount of main website, realize the low-frequency oscillation real-time of large scale electric network is detected and analyzes.
Simultaneously, adopt this mode can accelerate low-frequency oscillation greatly, the data of the centralized data processing unit of the multiple of its quickening and PMU are approximated to direct ratio, make the model analysis of online in real time low-frequency oscillation can not be subjected to the restriction of system scale.
With reference to Fig. 3, be the data transmission frame structure figure of WAMS employing of the present invention.
The real-time transmission data form that WAMS of the present invention adopts is followed the basic stipulations of IEEE StdC37.118-2005.In order to realize purpose of the present invention, increase by two kinds of real-time transmission data types: analysis configuration frame and analysis result frame.
The 6-4Bits of SYNC synchronization field the 2nd byte of described analysis configuration frame is defined as 110, and the stipulations version number of the 3-0Bits of its 2nd byte is defined as 4.
The 6-4Bits of SYNC synchronization field the 2nd byte of described analysis result frame is defined as 101, and the stipulations version number of the 3-0Bits of its 2nd byte is defined as 4.
Specifically respectively referring to shown in table 1 and the table 2.
Table 1 is the analysis configuration frame structure table.Described analysis configuration frame to WAMS main website 21 need analysis type (present analysis type includes only the low-frequency oscillation analysis) that each PMU substation 22 carries out, in analyzing required parameter (containing each parameter threshold) and analyze in the information such as measurement amount that need to detect define.
Described analysis configuration frame is generated by WAMS main website 21, is sent to each PMU substation 22.
Described analysis configuration frame comprises that analysis type, low-frequency oscillation detection method, low-frequency oscillation detect frequency threshold, power assignment threshold value, frequency amplitude threshold value, damping ratio threshold value, the Ct value etc. that continues.
| Sequence number | Field | Length (byte) | |
| 1 | |
2 | The stipulations version number that the 6-4Bits of SYNC synchronization field the 2nd byte is defined as the 3-0Bits of 110, the 2 bytes is defined as 4 |
| 2 | |
2 | The frame byte number |
| 3 | DC_IDCODE | 8 | The sign (IDCODE) of data concentrator (DC) is not concentrated the substation of device to there being configuration data, and this field is identical with PMU_IDCODE |
| 4 | SOC | 4 | Second in century |
| 5 | FRACSEC | 4 | Second isodisperse and time quality |
| 6 | ANALTYPE | 2 | Press the type of bit defined analysis, have only a kind of analysis type of low-frequency oscillation at present temporarily |
| 7 | METHODTYPE | 2 | Press bit define method type.For example definition is carried out the method for low-frequency oscillation or definition by frequency, vibrate frequently in conjunction with check point by power or both |
| 8 | OSCUPPERFR EQ | 2 | Low-frequency oscillation detects upper frequency limit, represents with fixed-point number |
| 9 | OSCLOWERFR EQ | 2 | Low-frequency oscillation detects lower-frequency limit, represents with fixed-point number |
| 10 | OSCPAMPTHR ESH1 | 2 | Low-frequency oscillation power magnitude threshold value 1 is represented with fixed-point number |
| 11 | OSCPAMPTHR ESH2 | 2 | Low-frequency oscillation power magnitude threshold value 2 is represented with fixed-point number |
| 12 | OSCFAMPTHR ESH1 | 2 | Low-frequency oscillation frequency amplitude threshold value 1 is represented with fixed-point number |
| 13 | OSCFAMPTHR ESH2 | 2 | Low-frequency oscillation frequency amplitude threshold value 2 is represented with fixed-point number |
| 14 | OSCDAMPTH RESH1 | 2 | Low-frequency oscillation damping ratio threshold value 1 is represented with fixed-point number |
| 15 | OSCDAMPTH RESH2 | 2 | Low-frequency oscillation damping ratio threshold value 2 is represented with fixed-point number |
| 16 | OSCCYCLENU MTHRESH | 2 | Low-frequency oscillation continues Ct value, represents with fixed-point number |
| 17 | OSCCYCLENU MTHRESH | 2 | Send parameter of oscillation on the designated period at interval duration of low-frequency oscillation, can be non integer value, represent with fixed-point number |
| 18 | OSCMEASNU M | 2 | The measurement number of low-frequency oscillation monitoring is represented with fixed-point number |
| 19 | OSCMEASID | 8 | The PMU measurement amount ID that needs substation monitoring low-frequency oscillation |
| 20 | Repeat the 19th field | Repeat to transmit the 19th field according to OSCMEASNUM | |
| 21 | CHK | 2 | The CRC16 verification |
Table 1
Table 2 is the analysis result frame structure table.When the low-frequency oscillation detecting unit 225 of each PMU substation 22 detects low-frequency oscillation above prescribed threshold, with the information of corresponding low-frequency oscillation by delivering to WAMS main website 21 on the analysis result frame; When the described amplitude that surpasses the low-frequency oscillation of prescribed threshold weakens to below the threshold value and after continuing the Preset Time section, on send information that vibration disappears to WAMS main website 21.Between above-mentioned two moment, the parameter of oscillation value of sending real-time detection to obtain on interval oscillation period (differ and be decided to be the integral multiple cycle) according to the main website appointment.
Described analysis result frame comprises: surpass the frequency, amplitude, phase place, damping, temporal information of low-frequency oscillation ID, the PMU measurement amount ID of described vibration correspondence of prescribed threshold, described low-frequency oscillation etc.
In order to realize above-mentioned functions, system of the present invention increases the command definition about analysis configuration frame, the operation of analysis result frame in the command frame of real-time Data Transmission agreement.
| Numbering | Field | Length (byte) | Explanation |
| 1 | SYNC | 2 | Frame alignment word, the stipulations version number that the 6-4Bits of the 2nd byte is defined as the 3-0Bits of 101, the 2 bytes is defined as 4 |
| 2 | FRAMESIZE | 2 | Byte number in the frame |
| 3 | DC_IDCODE | 8 | The sign (IDCODE) of data concentrator (DC) is not concentrated the substation of device to there being configuration data, and this field is identical with PMU_IDCODE. |
| 4 | SOC | 4 | Second in century, zero-time was since 0: 0 on the 1st January in 1970 |
| 5 | FRACSEC | 4 | Second isodisperse and time quality |
| 6 | STAT | 2 | The status word of step-by-step respective flag |
| 7 | OSCNUM | 2 | The measurement number that this result frame sends with vibration incident |
| 8 | OSCID | 8 | Vibration ID |
| 9 | OSCMEASID | 8 | PMU measurement amount ID |
| 10 | OSCFREQ | 2 | The low-frequency oscillation frequency is represented with fixed-point number |
| 11 | OSCAMP | 2 | The low-frequency oscillation amplitude is represented with fixed-point number, and data type is obtained by measurement amount ID |
| 12 | OSCPHASE | 2 | The low-frequency oscillation phase place is represented with fixed-point number, and corresponding field 15 is described phase place constantly |
| 13 | OSCDAMP | 2 | The low-frequency oscillation damping is represented with fixed-point number |
| 14 | OSCTIMETYPE | 1 | With 2bits wherein represent follow-up time field (the 15th field) be starting of oscillation constantly, vibration finish time, vibration continue constantly; Other bits can be used for describing the precision in this moment |
| 15 | OSC-SOC | 4 | Second in century, zero-time was since 0: 0 on the 1st January in 1970 |
| 16 | Repeat the 6-11 field | ? | Repeat to transmit the content of 6-15 field according to OSCNUM |
| 17 | |
2 | The CRC16 check code |
Table 2
Referring to table 3, be the command frame structural table.Bits12-10 definition in the Bits2-4 of described command frame is about the operational order of analysis result frame and analysis configuration frame.
| Command word Bit | Main website sends definition | The substation sends definition |
| Bits15-13 | 011 system reset of command type 001 Negative Acknowledgement 010 heartbeat signal passes 101 networkings of CFG-2 configuration file for 100 times and triggers 110 reservations, 111 positive acknowledgments | 111 positive acknowledgments of command type 001 Negative Acknowledgement 010 heartbeat signal |
| Bits12-10 | The transmission 011 that the analysis result frame is opened in the transmission 010 that the command type 001 that increases is closed the analysis result frame sends the analysis configuration file | ? |
| Bits9-4 | Keep | ? |
| Bits3-2-1-0 | 0001 closes real time data 0010 opens real time data 0011 delivery header file 0100 and sends CFG-1 file 0101 and send CFG-2 file 1000 and receive with reference to phasor with data frame format | ? |
Table 3
It is a kind of based on the phasor measuring set of spectrum analysis on the spot that the present invention also provides.
With reference to Fig. 4, be the phasor measuring set structural drawing based on spectrum analysis on the spot of the present invention.
Described phasor measuring set 42 comprises GPS time service unit 421, synchronized phasor collecting unit 422, centralized data processing unit 423 and spectral analysis unit 424 and low-frequency oscillation detecting unit 425.
Described spectral analysis unit 424 is used for according to the measurement information to be checked that receives, in conjunction with each real time data that measures that the synchronized phasor collecting unit obtains the online in real time spectrum analysis being carried out in each measurement, obtains the parameter value that respectively measures corresponding low-frequency oscillation;
Described low-frequency oscillation detecting unit 425 be used for according to each measure the parameter value of corresponding low-frequency oscillation, in conjunction with the threshold value of each parameter of low-frequency oscillation that receives, judge whether to exist low-frequency oscillation above threshold value, if have, obtain the described low-frequency oscillation that surpasses threshold value and measure corresponding parameter of oscillation and transmission.
Described low-frequency oscillation parameter comprises: the ID of low-frequency oscillation, vibration corresponding amount are measured ID, the frequency of vibration, amplitude, phase place, damping ratio, temporal information.
Be attenuated to below the threshold value when described low-frequency oscillation detecting unit 425 detects the described amplitude that surpasses the low-frequency oscillation of threshold value, and continue the Preset Time section after, send vibration disappearance information.
When described low-frequency oscillation detecting unit 425 detect certain measurement have at least two mode of oscillation surpass the low-frequency oscillation of threshold value the time, with each mode of oscillation as one independently vibration send.
Described device 42 also comprises substation Alarm Unit 426; Described substation Alarm Unit 426 is used for according to the low-frequency oscillation parameter value, when determine to exist threatening the stable low-frequency oscillation of security of system, sends the low-frequency oscillation alarm.
The phasor measuring set function that comprises in each PMU substation of phasor measuring set and WAMS noted earlier of wide area measurement of being used for of the present invention is identical.
Spectral analysis unit and low-frequency oscillation detecting unit have been increased in the phasor measuring set of the present invention, can carry out spectrum analysis and oscillation test on the spot to the real time data that respectively measures that collects, obtain the parameter of oscillation that testing result promptly surpasses the low-frequency oscillation correspondence of threshold value.
When described phasor measuring set is used for WAMS, calculated amount the best part in low-frequency oscillation can being detected and analyzes, be that the spectrum analysis of each PMU measurement amount is distributed to and carries out Distributed Calculation in each phasor measuring set, this moment, the WAMS main website only was responsible for the result that each PMU substation is detected is carried out analysis-by-synthesis, obtain the vibration mode of low-frequency oscillation in network-wide basis, thereby greatly reduce the calculated amount of main website, realize the low-frequency oscillation real-time of large scale electric network is detected and analyzes.
More than to a kind of WAMS provided by the present invention and be used for the phasor measuring set of wide area measurement, be described in detail, used specific case herein principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; Simultaneously, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, the part that all can change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. WAMS of using based on the phasor measuring set of spectrum analysis on the spot, comprise WAMS main website, PMU substation and electric power data network, described PMU substation comprises GPS time service unit, synchronized phasor collecting unit and centralized data processing unit, it is characterized in that, described WAMS main website is used for sending the threshold value that measures configuration information, measurement information to be checked and each parameter of low-frequency oscillation to each PMU substation, and receive the parameter that the low-frequency oscillation that surpasses threshold value that each PMU substation returns measures, carry out analysis-by-synthesis, obtain overall situation vibration modal information;
Described PMU substation also comprises spectral analysis unit and low-frequency oscillation detecting unit;
Described spectral analysis unit is used for according to the measurement information to be checked of WAMS main website transmission, in conjunction with each real time data that measures that the synchronized phasor collecting unit obtains the online in real time spectrum analysis being carried out in each measurement, obtains the parameter value that respectively measures corresponding low-frequency oscillation;
Described low-frequency oscillation detecting unit be used for according to each measure the parameter value of corresponding low-frequency oscillation, the threshold value of each parameter of low-frequency oscillation of sending in conjunction with the WAMS main website, judge whether to exist low-frequency oscillation above threshold value, if have, the described low-frequency oscillation that surpasses threshold value is measured corresponding parameter of oscillation return the WAMS main website.
2. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described WAMS main website sends the threshold value of measurement information to be checked and each parameter of low-frequency oscillation to each PMU substation by the analysis configuration frame.
3. system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that described analysis configuration frame comprises: analysis type, low-frequency oscillation detection method, low-frequency oscillation detect frequency threshold, power assignment threshold value, frequency amplitude threshold value, damping ratio threshold value, the Ct value that continues.
4. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described PMU substation will measure corresponding parameter of oscillation by the analysis result frame and return the WAMS main website above the low-frequency oscillation of threshold value.
5. system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that described analysis result frame comprises: low-frequency oscillation ID, the PMU measurement amount ID of described low-frequency oscillation correspondence, the frequency of described low-frequency oscillation, amplitude, phase place, damping, the temporal information that surpass prescribed threshold.
6. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described system further comprises the main website Alarm Unit that is arranged on the WAMS main website; Described main website Alarm Unit is used for according to Comprehensive analysis results, when determine to exist threatening the stable low-frequency oscillation of security of system, sends the low-frequency oscillation alarm.
7. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described system further comprises the substation Alarm Unit that is arranged on each PMU substation; Described substation Alarm Unit is used for according to the low-frequency oscillation parameter value, when determine to exist threatening the stable low-frequency oscillation of security of system, sends the low-frequency oscillation alarm.
8. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, be attenuated to below the threshold value when described low-frequency oscillation detecting unit detects the described amplitude that surpasses the low-frequency oscillation of threshold value, and continue the Preset Time section after, send vibration disappearance information to the WAMS main website.
9. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when described low-frequency oscillation detecting unit detects a measurement and has at least two mode of oscillation and surpass the low-frequency oscillation of threshold value, with each mode of oscillation as one independently low-frequency oscillation report to the WAMS main website.
10. one kind based on the phasor measuring set of spectrum analysis on the spot, and described device comprises GPS time service unit, synchronized phasor collecting unit and centralized data processing unit, it is characterized in that, described device also comprises spectral analysis unit and low-frequency oscillation detecting unit;
Described spectral analysis unit is used for according to the measurement information to be checked that receives, in conjunction with each real time data that measures that the synchronized phasor collecting unit obtains the online in real time spectrum analysis being carried out in each measurement, obtains the parameter value that respectively measures corresponding low-frequency oscillation;
Described low-frequency oscillation detecting unit be used for according to each measure the parameter value of corresponding low-frequency oscillation, in conjunction with the threshold value of each parameter of low-frequency oscillation that receives, judge whether to exist low-frequency oscillation above threshold value, if have, obtain described parameter of oscillation and the transmission that surpasses the low-frequency oscillation correspondence of threshold value.
11. device according to claim 10 is characterized in that, described low-frequency oscillation parameter comprises: the ID of low-frequency oscillation, vibration corresponding amount are measured ID, the frequency of vibration, amplitude, phase place, damping ratio, temporal information.
12. device according to claim 10 is characterized in that, be attenuated to below the threshold value when described low-frequency oscillation detecting unit detects the described amplitude that surpasses the low-frequency oscillation of threshold value, and continue the Preset Time section after, send vibration disappearance information.
13. device according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, when described low-frequency oscillation detecting unit detects a measurement and has at least two low frequency oscillation modes that surpass threshold value, with the low-frequency oscillation of described each mode of oscillation of measurement as one independently vibration send.
14. device according to claim 10 is characterized in that, described device further comprises the substation Alarm Unit; Described substation Alarm Unit judges according to low-frequency oscillation information on the spot, when determining to exist when threatening the stable low-frequency oscillation of security of system, sends the low-frequency oscillation alarm to the Work in Place station.
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