CN101453024B - Load controlling method for fuel cell test - Google Patents
Load controlling method for fuel cell test Download PDFInfo
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- CN101453024B CN101453024B CN2007101713063A CN200710171306A CN101453024B CN 101453024 B CN101453024 B CN 101453024B CN 2007101713063 A CN2007101713063 A CN 2007101713063A CN 200710171306 A CN200710171306 A CN 200710171306A CN 101453024 B CN101453024 B CN 101453024B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for controlling load for a fuel cell test. A device comprises a CPU, a communication bus interface and a plurality of loads, electronic switches and photocoupling drive circuits; the communication bus interface is connected with each load through the CPU; each load is connected with a photocoupling drive circuit and a electronic switch respectively; through the setting of the communication port, the CPU controls the conduction number of opening and closing the load so as to realize the adjustment of size of the power consumption load. Compared with the prior art, the method can automatically control the size of load for the fuel cell test, has no fault of short circuit and no spark, and is safe and reliable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fuel cell, relate in particular to the control method of a kind of fuel cell test with load.
Background technology
Electrochemical fuel cell is a kind of device that hydrogen and oxidant can be changed into electric energy and product.The internal core parts of this device are membrane electrode (Membrane Electrode Assembly are called for short MEA), and membrane electrode (MEA) is made up of as carbon paper a proton exchange membrane, two porous conductive materials of film two sides folder.The catalyst that contains the initiation electrochemical reaction of even tiny dispersion on two boundary faces of film and carbon paper is as the metal platinum catalyst.The membrane electrode both sides can electrochemistry will take place with conductive body to be sent out and answers the electronics that generates in the process, draws by external circuit, constitutes current circuit.
At the anode tap of membrane electrode, fuel can pass porousness diffusion material (carbon paper) by infiltration, and electrochemical reaction takes place on catalyst surface, lose electronics, form cation, cation can pass proton exchange membrane by migration, arrives the other end cathode terminal of membrane electrode.At the cathode terminal of membrane electrode, contain the gas of oxidant (as oxygen), as air, pass porousness diffusion material (carbon paper), and the generation electrochemical reaction obtains electronics on catalyst surface, forms anion by infiltration.The cation of coming in the anion and the anode tap migration of cathode terminal formation reacts, and forms product.
Adopting hydrogen is fuel, and the air that contains oxygen is in the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of oxidant (or pure oxygen is an oxidant), and fuel hydrogen has just produced hydrogen cation (or being proton) in the catalytic electrochemical reaction of anode region.Proton exchange membrane helps the hydrogen cation to move to the cathodic region from the anode region.In addition, proton exchange membrane is separated the air-flow and the oxygen containing air-flow of hydrogen fuel, they can not mixed mutually and produces explosion type reaction.
In the cathodic region, oxygen obtains electronics on catalyst surface, forms anion, and moves the hydrogen cation reaction of coming, reaction of formation product water with the anode region.In the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells that adopts hydrogen, air (oxygen), anode reaction and cathode reaction can be expressed in order to following equation:
Anode reaction: H
2→ 2H
++ 2e
Cathode reaction: 1/2O
2+ 2H
++ 2e → H
2O
In typical Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, membrane electrode (MEA) generally all is placed in the middle of the pole plate of two conductions, and quarter is milled by die casting, punching press or machinery in the surface that every guide plate contacts with membrane electrode, and formation is the guiding gutter of one or more at least.These guide plates can above metal material pole plate, also can be the pole plate of graphite material.Fluid duct on these guide plates and guiding gutter import fuel and oxidant the anode region and the cathodic region on membrane electrode both sides respectively.In the structure of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells monocell, only there is a membrane electrode, the membrane electrode both sides are respectively the baffler of anode fuel and the baffler of cathode oxidant.These bafflers are both as current collector plate, and also as the mechanical support on membrane electrode both sides, the guiding gutter on the baffler acts as a fuel again and enters the passage of anode, cathode surface with oxidant, and as the passage of taking away the water that generates in the fuel cell operation process.
In order to increase the gross power of whole Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, two or more monocells can be connected into battery pack or be unified into battery pack by the mode that tiles usually by straight folded mode.In straight folded, in-line battery pack, can there be guiding gutter on the two sides of a pole plate, and wherein one side can be used as the anode guide face of a membrane electrode, and another side can be used as the cathode diversion face of another adjacent membranes electrode, and this pole plate is called bipolar plates.A series of monocell connects together by certain way and forms a battery pack.Battery pack tightens together by front end-plate, end plate and pull bar usually and becomes one.
A typical battery stack generally includes: the water conservancy diversion import and the flow-guiding channel of (1) fuel and oxidant gas are distributed to fuel (hydrogen-rich gas that obtains as hydrogen, methyl alcohol or methyl alcohol, natural gas, gasoline) and oxidant (mainly being oxygen or air) in the guiding gutter of each anode, cathode plane equably after reforming; (2) import and export and the flow-guiding channel of cooling fluid (as water) are evenly distributed to cooling fluid in each battery pack inner cooling channel, and the heat absorption that hydrogen in the fuel cell, the exothermic reaction of oxygen electrochemistry are generated is also taken battery pack out of and dispelled the heat; (3) outlet of fuel and oxidant gas and corresponding flow-guiding channel, fuel gas and oxidant gas are when discharging, and portability goes out the liquid that generates in the fuel cell, the water of steam state.Usually, the import and export of all fuel, oxidant, cooling fluid are all opened on the end plate of fuel battery or on two end plates.
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells both can be used as the dynamical system of delivery vehicles such as car, ship, can be used as movable type or stationary power generation station again.
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells generally is made up of several monocells, these monocells are coupled together the formation pem fuel cell stack in the mode of serial or parallel connection, and pem fuel cell stack and other operation back-up systems are combined constitutes whole Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells electricity generation system.
Fuel cell must detect through test before use, present method of testing is normally with several loading section series connection, in parallel again, or the part parallel connection is connected again, be connected on the testing station, normally several resistance conducting together during the load conducting is difficult to accurately control on each resistance, makes the adjustable extent of all-in resistance limited.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly to provide a kind of all-in resistance scope controlled for the defective that overcomes above-mentioned prior art existence, the safe and reliable fuel cell test control method of load.
Purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of fuel cell test control method of load, comprise CPU, CAN bus or other communication bus interfaces, it is characterized in that, also comprise several loads, electronic switch and photoelectricity coupling drive circuit, described CAN bus or other communication bus interfaces connect each load by CPU, each load connects a photoelectricity coupling drive circuit and an electronic switch respectively, by the PORT COM setting, the conducting quantity of load, the size that realizes regulating the wasted work load are opened in CPU control.
Described communication bus interface CAN bus, RS232 or USB communication bus interface.
Described load is a customer, comprises resistance, bulb, water tank or air-conditioning.
Described load number is 100～1000.
The number of described load conducting carries out freely controlling according to the test needs, and the big I that makes the wasted work load is at 0.1 Ω～100 Ω range changings.
Described electronic switch drives no-spark, to hydric safe.
Described host computer adopts the intelligent CAN interface card, and this CAN interface card connects two-way CAN bus.
Compared with prior art, the present invention is by the setting of CAN bus or other communication bus interfaces, make CPU control open the conducting quantity of load, the scope of all-in resistance is controlled, realized the size of free adjustment power consumption load, adopt the electric drive no-spark simultaneously, electronic switch for easy short circuit, because each electronic switch is all connected with the load thermal resistance, even do not influence whole test system so certain electronic switch is short-circuited yet, to adopting hydrogen and oxygen is that the fuel cell spy of raw material is safe and reliable, the possibility of no short circuit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a volt-ampere curve chart among the utility model embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is power time curve figure among the utility model embodiment 2.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
The purpose of carrying out fuel cell test is to determine and optimize the characteristic of energy output, and the useful life that prolongs pile.At Qualify Phase, main purpose is that optimal design is prepared against large-scale production, and the total cost that reduces pile under situation about not lowering efficiency.Use for making, the monitoring pile is to meet design specification in order to ensure them.The scientist and the engineer of research, exploitation or manufacturing fuel cell need various measurements, control, analysis and visualization tool to assess and verify fuel cell technology.Hundreds and thousands of time the measurement need accurately be monitored and control to fuel battery test system: output voltage and the electric current of scope from flow, temperature, pressure and the humidity of hydrogen fuel to fuel battery.Test macro must monitor and control fuel cell operation in all cases, and accurately obtains about information such as real-time performance and operating characteristic.Test macro also must have the data acquisition of flexibility, and the ability that monitors and control is with work and the test of accurately controlling fuel cell.
Fuel battery test system will carry out the various measurements that need signal condition earlier, and primary signal can be by the data acquisition system digitlization then.An important feature of fuel cell pile test is to isolate.Each monocell can produce about 1 volt voltage, and in a PEM, film stack is together to provide higher voltage, so the voltage of a Battery pack may reach 10 volts.Big capacity pile has hundreds of batteries, thereby voltage measurement requires the common mode inhibition of hundreds of volts.Therefore, test not only must have the passage that a plurality of each passage can both read 1-10 volt, and must keep in the pile between first and last battery the isolation up to hundreds of volts.Because the number of active lanes of fuel battery test system can be from 100 to more than 1000, so data acquisition system also must be able to be expanded.These systems also requirement can carry out the decay and the amplification of signal.For the test macro of today, modularization also is essential; System must change along with the change of production and verification technique.Any test macro all should be demarcated, to guarantee to measure effectively with accurate.Can find out clearly that from mentioned above principle a monitor voltage is not enough to determine the characteristic and the control fuel cell of fuel cell.Also need to monitor output current in addition, because output current may be very high.
Comprise cpu circuit U1, CAN bus or other communication bus interfaces U2, electronic switching circuit V1, V2, V3...Vn among Fig. 1, photoelectricity coupling drive circuit G1, G2, G3...Gn, load thermal resistance R1, R2, R3...Rn.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of fuel cell test control method of load, comprise cpu circuit U1, CAN bus U2, also comprise 1000 load thermal resistance R1, R2, R3...R1000, electronic switch V1, V2, V3...V1000 and photoelectricity coupling drive circuit G1, G2, G3...G1000, described CAN bus U2 interface connects each current-limiting resistance R1 ' by cpu circuit U1, R2 ', R3 ' ... R1000 ', each current-limiting resistance R1 ', R2 ', R3 ' ... R1000 ' connects a photoelectricity coupling drive circuit G1 respectively, G2, a G3...G1000 and an electronic switch V1, V2, V3...V1000, by MOSFET electronic switch V1, V2, V3...V1000 control load thermal resistance R1, R2, the break-make of R3...R1000, by the PORT COM setting, load R1 is opened in CPU control, R2, the conducting quantity of R3...R1000, the big I that makes the wasted work load is at 0.1 Ω～100 Ω range changings.
The power of load thermal resistance R1～R100 is 0.5KW, the power of load thermal resistance R101～R200 is 1KW, the power of load thermal resistance R301～R400 is 2KW, the power of load thermal resistance R801～R900 is 7KW, the power of load thermal resistance R901～R950 is 8KW, the power of load thermal resistance R951～R960 is 8KW, the power of R961～R970 is 9KW, the power of R971～R980 is 10KW, the power of R981～R985 is 20KW, the power of R986～R990 is 30KW, and the power of load thermal resistance R991～R994 is 40KW, and the power of load thermal resistance R995～R1000 is respectively 50KW～100KW.
Because each load thermal resistance R1～R1000 parallel connection, and the resistor power scope is from 0.5KW～100KW, so can load test quickly and accurately differently.
The analog fuel battery is used as vehicular engine linear increase of electric current when vehicle start is spared boost phase, pre-set program, automatically control the MOSFET electronic switch by CPU and open or close the load thermal resistance, amplitude with each 0.5KW progressively increases load, observe volt-ampere curve and power curve (referring to Fig. 2), judge fuel battery performance quality to be measured.
Embodiment 2
With the R1 among described load thermal resistance R1, R2, the R3...Rn～R10 series connection, R11～R15 series connection, R16～R18 series connection can be as required with load thermal resistance part series connection earlier and then in parallel.The analog fuel battery is used as vehicular engine and loads test at Vehicular behavior, pre-set program, automatically control the IGBT electronic switch by CPU and open or close the load thermal resistance, under the cold conditions state, opened 60KW load thermal resistance two minutes, close this load thermal resistance, idling 15 minutes, progressively increase with the amplitude of each 0.5KW and to load to 18KW operation two minutes, continue to be increased to 32KW operation two minutes, be increased to 50KW operation two minutes again, be increased to 65KW operation two minutes then, be increased to the 80KW operation at last after 60 minutes, load is dropped to the 50KW operation be increased to 100KW operation 4 minutes in two minutes suddenly, progressively closed portion load then is until the load Close All, after 15 minutes, the unlatching of 80KW load thermal resistance was closed in two minutes then, open and closed then in two minutes, so loop test is 3 times, observe power time curve figure (referring to Fig. 3), judge fuel battery performance quality to be measured.
Described bus interface can adopt other communication bus interfaces, comprises RS232 or USB communication bus interface.
Described load is a customer, also comprises bulb, water tank or air-conditioning etc.
Claims (6)
1. a fuel cell test is with the control method of load, comprise CPU, communication bus interface, it is characterized in that, also comprise several loads, electronic switch and photoelectricity coupling drive circuit, described communication bus interface connects each load by CPU, and each load connects a photoelectricity coupling drive circuit and an electronic switch respectively, by the PORT COM setting, the conducting quantity of load, the size of regulating the wasted work load are opened in CPU control.
2. a kind of fuel cell test according to claim 1 is characterized in that with the control method of load described communication bus interface is CAN bus, RS232 or USB communication bus interface.
3. a kind of fuel cell test according to claim 1 is characterized in that with the control method of load described load is resistance, bulb, water resistance, heating wire, motor or air-conditioning.
4. a kind of fuel cell test according to claim 1 is characterized in that with the control method of load described load number is 10～1000.
5. a kind of fuel cell test according to claim 1 is characterized in that with the control method of load the number of described load conducting carries out freely controlling according to the test needs, and the big I that makes the wasted work load is at 0.1 Ω～100 Ω range changings.
6. a kind of fuel cell test according to claim 1 is characterized in that with the control method of load described electronic switch drives no-spark, to using the hydrogen test fuel cell very safe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007101713063A CN101453024B (en) | 2007-11-29 | 2007-11-29 | Load controlling method for fuel cell test |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007101713063A CN101453024B (en) | 2007-11-29 | 2007-11-29 | Load controlling method for fuel cell test |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101453024A CN101453024A (en) | 2009-06-10 |
| CN101453024B true CN101453024B (en) | 2011-01-26 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102565714A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-07-11 | 福州福光电子有限公司 | Discharge capacity testing instrument of wide-voltage battery |
| CN102590760B (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2014-08-13 | 力帆实业(集团)股份有限公司 | Storage battery state detection device and detection method thereof |
| CN103018678B (en) * | 2012-12-06 | 2015-06-17 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Testing system of solid oxide fuel cell |
| CN109950584A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-06-28 | 武汉海亿新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of activation of fuel cell control method, device and system |
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Owner name: SHANGHAI SHEN-LI HIGH TECH CO., LTD. Effective date: 20150104 Owner name: STATE GRID SHANGHAI ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY Free format text: FORMER OWNER: SHANGHAI SHEN-LI HIGH TECH CO., LTD. Effective date: 20150104 |
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Free format text: CORRECT: ADDRESS; FROM: 201401 FENGXIAN, SHANGHAI TO: 200002 HUANGPU, SHANGHAI |
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Effective date of registration: 20150104 Address after: 200002 Nanjing East Road, Shanghai, No. 181, No. Patentee after: State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company Patentee after: Shanghai Shen-Li High Tech Co., Ltd. Address before: 201401 Fengxian District International Industrial Development Zone, Shanghai Yang Industrial Park, an international one of the 27 buildings Patentee before: Shanghai Shen-Li High Tech Co., Ltd. |