CN101439662A - 用于监控机电式变速器的转速的方法和装置 - Google Patents
用于监控机电式变速器的转速的方法和装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101439662A CN101439662A CNA2008101757916A CN200810175791A CN101439662A CN 101439662 A CN101439662 A CN 101439662A CN A2008101757916 A CNA2008101757916 A CN A2008101757916A CN 200810175791 A CN200810175791 A CN 200810175791A CN 101439662 A CN101439662 A CN 101439662A
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种监控机电式变速器的转速的方法和装置,并且涉及一种动力系,该动力系包括机械地、操作地联接到内燃机上的机电式变速器和将机械功率有选择地传递到输出部件的电机。动力系的操作包括监控操作者输入,和确定内燃机和电机的输入速度和输入速度变化。输入速度与阈值输入速度相比较,输入速度变化与阈值输入速度变化相比较。当输入速度和输入速度变化中的任一个超过相应的阈值时,减小内燃机和电机的输入扭矩。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2007年11月6日提交的美国临时申请No.60/985,743的优先权。上述申请的公开通过引用而结合于本发明中。
技术领域
本公开涉及用于机电式变速器的控制***。
背景技术
本部分中的陈述仅提供与本公开相关的背景资料,并且可不构成现有技术。
已知的动力系架构包括扭矩产生装置,其包括内燃机和电机(electric machine),它们通过变速器装置将扭矩传递到输出部件。一个示例性的动力系包括双模式、复合分流的机电式变速器,其可利用输入部件和输出部件,该输入部件用于从优选为内燃机的原动机功率源接收动扭矩。该输出部件可操作地连接到机动车辆的动力系上,用于将牵引扭矩传递至机动车辆。可作为电动机(motor)或发电机(generator)操作的电机独立于来自内燃机的扭矩输入而产生至变速器的扭矩输入。该电机可将通过车辆传动系传递的车辆动能转换为可储存在电能储存装置中的电能电势。控制***监控来自车辆和操作者的各种输入,并提供动力系的操作控制,这包括控制变速器操作状态和齿轮换档,控制扭矩产生装置,以及调节在电能储存装置和电机之间的电能互换,从而管理包括扭矩和转速的变速器的输出。
发明内容
动力系包括机械地、操作地联接到内燃机上的机电式变速器和将机械功率有选择地传递到输出部件的电机。动力系的操作包括监控操作者输入,和确定内燃机和电机的输入速度和输入速度变化。输入速度与阈值输入速度相比较,输入速度变化与阈值输入速度变化相比较。当输入速度和输入速度变化中的任一个超过相应的阈值时,减小内燃机和电机的输入扭矩。
附图说明
现在通过实例的方式并参考附图描述一个或更多的实施例,其中:
图1是根据本公开的示例性动力系的示意图;
图2是根据本公开的控制***和动力系的示例性架构的示意图;以及
图3是根据本公开的流程图。
具体实施方式
现在参考附图,其中图示仅以说明某个示例性的实施例为目的,而并不以限制该实施例为目的,描述了用于操作机电式混合动力系的方法和控制***。图1和图2描述一种示例性的机电式混合动力系,其可操作以执行参考图3所示的控制程序100。
图1示意性地描述体现本公开思想的示例性的机电式混合动力系,其包括双模式、复合分流的机电式混合变速器10,该混合变速器10可操作地连接到发动机14、第一电机(‘MG-A’)56和第二电机(‘MG-B’)72上。发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72各产生可传递到变速器10上的功率。描述了由发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72产生并且传递至变速器10上的功率,其在输入扭矩方面分别称为TI,TA和TB,在输入速度方面分别称为NI,NA和NB。
示例性的发动机14包括可有选择地以多种状态操作以通过输入轴12将扭矩传递到变速器10的多气缸内燃机,并且可以是火花点火式发动机或者压缩点火式发动机。发动机14包括可操作地联接到变速器10的输入轴12上的曲轴(未示出)。转速传感器11监控输入轴12的转速。包括转速和输出扭矩的来自发动机14的功率输出可与传递至变速器10的输入速度NI和输入扭矩TI不同,因为在发动机14和变速器10之间的输入轴12上布置有扭矩消耗构件,例如,液压泵(未示出)和/或扭矩管理装置(未示出)。
示例性的变速器10包括三个行星齿轮组24,26和28,以及四个扭矩传递装置,例如离合器C1 70,C262,C373和C4 75。如本文所述,离合器涉及任何类型的摩擦扭矩传递装置,例如包括单盘式或复合盘式离合器或离合器组,带式离合器以及制动器。液压控制回路42可操作以控制离合器状态,该液压控制回路42优选地由变速器控制模块(此后为‘TCM’)17控制。离合器C2 62和C4 75优选地包括应用液压的旋转式摩擦离合器。离合器C1 70和C3 73优选地包括可有选择地、接地式地连接到变速器壳体68上的液压控制的固定装置。离合器C1 70,C2 62,C3 73和C4 75优选地应用液压,从而通过液压控制回路42有选择地接收压缩的液压流体。
第一电机56和第二电机72包括各包括定子(未示出)和转子(未示出)的三相交流电机,以及解算器80和82。每个电机的电动机定子接地式地连接到变速器壳体68的外部,并包括具有从其中延伸的线圈式电绕组的定子芯部。第一电机56的转子支承在可通过第二行星齿轮组26操作地附连到轴60上的毂式盘齿轮(hub plate gear)上。第二电机72的转子连接到筒式轴毂(sleeve shaft hub)66上。
每个解算器80和82包括可变磁阻装置,其包括解算器定子(未示出)和解算器转子(未示出)。解算器80和82适当地布置并装配在第一电机56和第二电机72中的相应电机上。各个解算器80和82的定子操作地连接到第一电机56和第二电机72的定子中的一个上。解算器转子(未示出)操作地连接到用于相应的第一电机56和第二电机72的转子上。各个解算器80和82信号式地、操作地连接到功率变换器控制模块(此后为‘TPIM’)19上,并且各检测和监控解算器转子相对于解算器定子的旋转位置,因此监控第一电机56和第二电机72中的各个电机的旋转位置。来自解算器80和82的信号输出可解释成用于为第一电机56和第二电机72提供旋转速度,例如分别为NA和NB。
变速器10包括例如轴的输出部件64,其可操作地连接到用于车辆(未示出)的传动系90上,以提供输出功率,例如,提供到车轮93上,其中一个如图1所示。输出功率在输出转速NO和输出扭矩TO方面进行特征化。输出速度传感器84监控输出部件64的转速和旋转方向。每个车轮93优选地装备有适合于监控轮速的传感器94,该传感器94的输出由图2所描述的分布式控制模块***的控制模块所监控,以确定车速、绝对轮速和相对轮速,用于制动控制、牵引控制和车辆加速管理。
来自于发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72的输入扭矩(分别为TI,TA和TB)是由于燃料或储存在电能储存装置(此后为‘ESD’)74中的电势能的能量转化而产生的。ESD 74是通过直流传递导体27联接到TPIM 19上的高压直流。传递导体27包括接触器安全开关38。当接触器安全开关38闭合时,在正常操作状态下,电流可在ESD 74和TPIM 19之间流动。当接触器安全开关38断开时,ESD 74和TPIM 19之间的电流被中断。响应于第一电机56和第二电机72的电动机扭矩命令TA和TB,TPIM 19通过传递导体29将电力传递至第一电机56或从第一电机56接收电力,TPIM 19类似地通过传递导体31将电力传递至第二电机72或从第二电机72接收电力。电流根据ESD 74是否充电或放电而传递到ESD 74或从ESD 74传递出来。
TPIM 19包括一对功率变换器(未示出)和各自的电动机控制模块(未示出),其构造为接收电动机控制命令并控制变换器的状态,用于提供电动机的驱动或再生功能,以实现电动机扭矩命令TA和TB。功率变换器包括已知的互补型三相功率电子装置,并且各包括多个绝缘栅双极性晶体管(未示出),用于将来自于ESD 74的直流功率转换为交流功率,以通过高频切换而为第一电机56和第二电机72中的一个提供功率。绝缘栅双极性晶体管形成构造为用于接收控制命令的开关式电源。典型地,存在用于各个三相电机的每一相的一对绝缘栅双极性晶体管。可控制绝缘栅双极性晶体管的状态,以提供电动机驱动机械能的产生功能或电力的再生功能。三相变换器通过直流传递导体27接收或供应直流电力,并使直流电力与三相交流功率相互转换,该三相交流功率分别通过传递导体29和31传导到作为电动机或发电机操作的第一电机56和第二电机72或从第一电机56和第二电机72上传导出来。
图2示意性地描述分布式控制模块***。下文所述的元件包括整体车辆控制架构的子集,并提供图1所示的动力系的协调***控制。分布式控制模块***综合相关的信息和输入,并执行算法以控制各种致动器,从而完成控制目标,其包括如下参数,诸如燃料经济性、排放、性能、驾驶性以及硬件的保护,该硬件包括ESD 74的电池、第一电机56和第二电机72。分布式控制模块***包括发动机控制模块(此后为‘ECM’)23,TCM 17,电池组控制模块(此后为‘BPCM’)21,以及TPIM 19。混合控制模块(此后为‘HCP’)5提供ECM23,TCM 17,BPCM 21和TPIM 19的监视控制和协调。用户接口(‘UI’)13操作地联接到多个装置上,车辆操作者通过这些装置控制或指导机电式混合动力系的操作。这些装置包括确定操作者扭矩需求的加速器踏板113(‘AP’),操作者的制动器踏板112(‘BP’),变速器齿轮选择器114(‘PRNDL’),以及车辆速度巡航控制(未示出)。变速器齿轮选择器114可具有操作者可选择的位置的离散的标号,包括输入部件64的旋转方向,以实现前进方向和后退方向中的一个。
前述的控制模块通过局域网(此后为‘LAN’)总线6与其它控制模块、传感器和致动器通信。LAN总线6允许在各种控制模块之间的操作参数和致动器控制信号的状态的结构化通信。所使用的具体通信协议是专用的。LAN总线6和合适的协议用于在前述控制模块和提供诸如防抱死制动、牵引力控制和车辆稳定性的功能的其它控制模块之间提供抗干扰的信息和多控制模块的接口。多通信总线可用于改善通信速度,并提供一定水平的信号冗余和完整性。
HCP5提供动力系的监视控制,用于协调ECM 23,TCM 17,TPIM19和BPCM 21的操作。基于来自用户接口13和包括ESD 74的动力系的各种输入信号,HCP 5产生各种命令,包括:操作者的扭矩需求,至传动系90的命令输出扭矩,发动机输入扭矩命令,用于变速器10的扭矩传递的离合器C1 70,C2 62,C3 73,C4 75的离合器扭矩,以及用于第一电机56和第二电机72的电动机扭矩命令TA和TB。TCM 17操作地连接到液压控制回路42上,并提供各种功能,包括监控各种压力检测装置(未示出),产生控制信号并将控制信号通信到各种螺线管(未示出)上,从而控制包含在液压控制回路42中的压力开关和控制阀。
ECM 23操作地连接到发动机14上,并用于从传感器获取数据以及在多条分散的线路上控制发动机14的致动器,该多条分散的线路为了简化而图示为聚集的双向接口电缆35。ECM 23从HCP 5接收命令发动机输入扭矩。基于通信到HCP 5的监控的发动机速度和负荷,ECM 23确定在此时间点提供给变速器10的实际的发动机输入扭矩TI。ECM 23监控来自于转速传感器11的输入,以确定至输入轴12的发动机输入速度,其转化为变速器输入速度NI。ECM 23监控来自于传感器(未示出)的输入,以确定其它的发动机操作参数的状态,该参数例如包括歧管压力,发动机冷却剂温度,环境温度以及环境压力。发动机负荷可通过歧管压力来确定,或者可选地通过监控加速器踏板113上的操作者输入来确定。ECM 23产生并通信命令信号以控制发动机的致动器,该致动器例如包括均未示出的燃料喷射器、点火模块以及节流阀控制模块。
TCM 17操作地连接到变速器10上,并监控来自于传感器(未示出)的输入,以确定变速器操作参数的状态。TCM 17产生和通信命令信号以控制变速器10,包括控制液压回路42。从TCM 17至HCP 5的输入包括用于每个离合器(即C1 70,C2 62,C3 73和C4 75)的估计的离合器扭矩,以及输出部件64的输出转速NO。其它致动器和传感器可用于提供从TCM 17至HCP 5的额外信息,用于进行控制。TCM17监控来自于压力开关(未示出)的输入,并有选择地促动液压回路42的压力控制螺线管(未示出)和换档螺线管(未示出),以有选择地促动各种离合器C1 70,C2 62,C3 73和C4 75,从而实现如下描述的各种变速器的操作范围的状态。
BPCM 21信号式地连接到传感器(未示出)上,以监控ESD 74,包括电流和电压参数的状态,以将表示ESD 74的电池的参数状态的信息提供给HCP 5。电池的参数状态优选地包括电池充电状态、电池电压、电池温度以及可获得的电池功率,其被称为PBAT_MIN至PBAT_MAX的范围。
各个控制模块ECM 23,TCM 17,TPIM 19和BPCM 21优选地是通用数字计算机,其包括微处理器或中央处理单元,包括只读存储器、随机存取存储器和电可编程序只读存储器的存储介质,高速时钟,模拟至数字和数字至模拟的电路,输入/输出电路和装置,以及适当的信号调节和缓冲电路。每个控制模块各具有一组控制算法,其包括存储在一种存储介质内并被执行为用于提供每种计算机的相应功能的常驻程序指令和校准。控制模块之间的信息传递优选地使用LAN总线6来完成。在预设的循环期间执行控制算法,以便每个算法在每个循环期间执行至少一次。存储在非易失性存储装置中的算法由其中一个中央处理单元执行,以使用预设的校准来监控来自于传感装置的输入并执行控制和诊断程序,以便控制相应装置的操作。在动力系的正在进行的操作期间,定期地执行该循环,例如每3.125,6.25,12.5,25和100毫秒。可选的是,可响应于事件的发生而执行算法。
示例性的动力系有选择地在可在发动机状态和变速器状态方面进行描述的多个操作范围状态中的一种状态下操作,该发动机状态包括发动机运行状态(‘ON’)和发动机关闭状态(‘OFF’)中的一种,该变速器状态包括多个固定齿轮比操作模式和连续可变操作模式,参考表1描述如下:
在表格中描述的各个变速器操作范围状态表明对于各个操作范围状态采用特定离合器C1 70,C262,C3 73和C4 75中的哪个离合器。通过采用离合器C1 70以使第三行星齿轮组28的外齿轮部件接地(ground)而选择第一连续可变模式,即MI。发动机状态可以是运行或关闭中的一种。通过仅采用离合器C2 62以将轴60连接到第三行星齿轮组28的托架上而选择第二连续可变模式,即MII。发动机状态可以是运行或关闭中的一种。为了描述的目的,当发动机状态是关闭时,发动机输入速度等于零转每分钟,即发动机曲轴不旋转。固定齿***作提供变速器10的输入至输出速度的固定比率操作,即实现NI/NO。通过离合器C1 70和C4 75选择第一固定齿***作。通过离合器C1 70和C2 62选择第二固定齿***作。通过离合器C2 62和C4 75选择第三固定齿***作。通过离合器C1 70和C3 73选择第四固定齿***作。输入至输出速度的固定比率操作随着增加的固定齿***作而增加,该增加的固定齿***作是由于行星齿轮24,26和28中增加的齿轮比而引起的。第一电机56和第二电机72的输入速度NA和NB取决于由离合限定的机构的内部旋转,并与在输出轴12上测得的输入速度成比例。
响应于由用户接口13捕捉到的经由加速器踏板113和制动器踏板112的操作者输入,HCP 5和一个或更多个其它控制模块确定意图满足操作者扭矩需求的命令输出扭矩,以在输出部件64上执行并传递到传动系90。最终的车辆加速性受其它因素影响,例如包括道路负荷,道路等级和车辆质量。基于动力系的多种操作特性而确定变速器10的操作范围状态。这包括操作者扭矩需求,如前所述,其通过加速器踏板113通信至用户接口13。可在由命令导致的动力系扭矩需求上预测操作范围状态,该命令用于使第一电机56和第二电机72以电能产生模式或扭矩产生模式操作。操作范围状态可由优化的算法或程序确定,该优化的算法或程序基于操作者对功率的需求,电池的充电状态以及发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72的能量效率来确定优化的***效率。控制***基于执行优化程序的结果来管理来自于发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72的扭矩输入,***效率因此而优化,以管理燃料经济性和电池充电。此外,操作可基于构件或***的错误而确定。HCP 5监控扭矩产生装置,并确定实现所需输出扭矩以满足操作者扭矩需求所需的来自于变速器10的功率输出。从上述描述中显而易见,ESD 74与第一电机56和第二电机72电气地、操作地联接,以便功率在它们之间的流动。此外,发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72、以及机电式变速器10机械地、操作地联接,以在它们之间传递功率而产生至输出部件64的功率流。
图3描述操作示例性的机电式混合动力系的控制程序100,该动力系诸如此处以及参考图1、图2和表1所述的动力系。控制程序100分解为程序编码,其存储在HCP 5的存储器装置中的一个中,并在一个预设的循环期间由HCP 5定期地执行。在执行中,控制程序100监控操作者输入和从发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72至变速器10的功率输入(110,115)。分析监控的输入,并将分析的结果与预设的阈值比较以检测超速情况(120,130,140,150)。基于监控的输入选择干预策略(160)。所选的干预策略(170,180,190)在检测到超速情况时实施,以防止对示例性的机电式混合动力系的构件的机械损害,这些构件例如包括前面提及的轴、离合器和行星齿轮,并防止以操作者不期望的方式进行操作。干预策略优选地包括控制扭矩产生装置(即发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72)与变速器10之间的功率流。干预策略随后可根据操作情况和特定的干预策略(192,195,198)而结束。
超速情况可能由于存在变速器10、发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72中的一个的操作错误或者与上述构件和***相关的错误(包括在算法程序编码和校准中的错误)而产生。在正在进行的操作期间的错误可以被诊断并解决,或者可能需要离线诊断和修理。
控制程序100以一定的时间间隔监控输入,如t0,t1,和t2所示,优选地与一个预设的循环相一致。从发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72至变速器10的监控的输入优选地包括来自于发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72的输入速度,即NI,NA和NB(110)。从发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72至变速器10的监控的输入还包括来自于发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72的输入扭矩,即TI,TA和TB,以及离合器扭矩,其称为用于离合器C1 70,C2 62,C3 73和C4 75的TCL_N。监控的操作者输入优选地包括通过其确定操作者扭矩需求的加速器踏板113和制动器踏板112,以及变速器齿轮选择器114。控制程序监控用于执行操作范围状态之间的切换的命令,从而确定是否已经命令进行切换并且切换已经被执行(115)。
控制程序100分析监控的输入,包括确定监控速度的变化。确定速度变化包括确定发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72中的每个的输入速度的时间比率(time rated)变化。因此,输入速度的变化(‘ΔNI’)基于在逝去时间内输入速度的变化而确定,该逝去时间例如从时间t0至时间t1,即ΔNI=NI(t1)-NI(t0)。类似地,第一电机56的输入速度的变化(‘ΔNA’)基于在逝去时间内输入速度的变化而确定,即ΔNA=NA(t1)-NA(t0),第二电机72的输入速度的变化(‘ΔNB’)基于在逝去时间内输入速度的变化而确定,即ΔNB=NB(t1)-NB(t0)(130)。
监控的输入和分析的结果与预定的阈值相比较,以检测超速情况的发生。第一比较包括比较来自于发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72的输入速度与来自于发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72的阈值速度,其称为THR(NI),THR(NA)和THR(NB),以确定输入速度中的任何一个是否超过相应的阈值速度(120)。来自于发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72的阈值速度优选地包括基于该装置的机械和物理操作特性的各个装置的最大连续的可保持的输入速度。用于速度比较的目的,发动机14的示例性的阈值速度是7000RPM,第一电机56和第二电机72的示例性的阈值速度是10,500RPM。当任何一个输入速度超过相应的阈值速度时,需要进行干预,并选择特定的干预策略(160)。
来自于发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72的输入速度的变化与预定的速度分布相比较(140),该速度分布分别称为ΔNI(prof),ΔNA(prof)和ΔNB(prof)。用于发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72的预定的速度分布包括相应装置的速度的最大的预测变化。超过预定速度分布的速度的任何变化表明发动机14的速度或者第一电机56和第二电机72中的一个的速度正在接近相应的阈值速度。当速度变化中的任何一个超过相应的预设的速度分布时,需要进行干预,并选择特定的干预策略(160)。
来自于发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72的输入扭矩TI,TA和TB与相应的阈值输入扭矩[TI,TA,TB]NI,NA,NB相比较。基于发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72的输入速度NI,NA和NB而确定对于发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72的阈值输入扭矩。可影响阈值输入扭矩的其它因素包括前述的离合器扭矩,切换命令的存在和执行阶段,以及至加速器踏板113、制动器踏板112和变速器齿轮选择器114的操作者输入(150)。当输入扭矩TI,TA和TB中的任何一个超过相应的阈值输入扭矩时,需要进行干预,并选择特定的干预策略(160)。
干预策略包括用于控制机械功率的多种控制策略,从而优选地控制来自于发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72的输入扭矩TI,TA和TB。对干预和干预策略选择的需求基于发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72的输入速度,以及基于它们的幅度,以提供与监测到的超速情况相适合的***响应(160)。
干预策略包括扭矩切断策略,扭矩斜坡式下降策略,以及选择性的扭矩斜坡式下降策略。各个干预策略包括通过调节输入扭矩,即调节TA,TB和TI来减少来自于发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72的功率流。
扭矩切断策略(阶跃变化)(170)包括阶跃变化式地减少来自发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72的功率流,以在最小延迟的情况下实现至变速器10的零扭矩输入。用于发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72的扭矩命令设置为零,即TI=0,TA=0和TB=0。通过断开位于ESD74和TPIM 19之间的传递导体37中的接触器安全开关38并将发动机燃料控制为零燃料而切断至第一电机56和第二电机72的电力流,从而可实施扭矩切断策略。当第一电机56和第二电机72中的任何一个的监控的输入速度明显大于先前描述的最大连续的可保持的输入速度时,优选地选择和实施扭矩切断策略。在所描述的实施例中,用于实施扭矩切断策略的示例性的速度包括超过7500RPM的发动机速度或者超过12,500RPM的第一电机和第二电机中的任一个的输入速度中的任何一个。
扭矩斜坡式下降策略(“斜坡式下降”)(180)包括实施从发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72至变速器10的功率流的基于时间的减小,导致在逝去时间段(time-certain)(tc)内至变速器10的零扭矩输入。扭矩命令被控制为斜坡式下降,其优选地包括在相继的循环期间减少预定量以便扭矩命令在逝去时间段(tc)后达到零(即TA(tc)=0,TB(tc)=0和TI(tc)=0)的扭矩命令。逝去时间段(tc)优选地在0.5至1.0秒的范围内,并且是可以校正的。扭矩斜坡式下降策略通过减小至第一电机56和第二电机72的电力流和减小至发动机的燃料比率而实施。当第一电机56和第二电机72或发动机14中的任一个的监控的输入速度接近相应的连续的可保持的输入速度,以及来自于发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72的输入中的一个的速度变化增大并超过相应的速度分布时,优选地实施扭矩斜坡式下降策略。
选择性的扭矩斜坡式下降策略(“可变斜坡式下降”)(190)包括实施功率流的基于时间的减小,该功率流即为从发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72至变速器10的扭矩命令,其中存在输入扭矩的基于时间减小的幅度的变化。选择性的扭矩斜坡式下降策略(190)在逝去时间段内减小至变速器10的输入扭矩,其中第一逝去时间段(tc1)针对发动机校准,第二逝去时间段(tc2)用于电机56和72。扭矩命令被控制为斜坡式下降,其中扭矩命令在连续的循环期间减小预定的数,以便扭矩命令在时间段(tc1)和(tc2)后达到零,即TI(tc1)=0,TA(tc2)=0和TB(tc2)=0。第一逝去时间段(tc1)优选地在0.5至1.0秒的范围内,第二逝去时间段(tc2)优选地是在1.0至5.0秒的范围内,其中(tc1)和(tc2)都是可以校正的。选择性的扭矩斜坡式下降策略通过减小至第一电机56和第二电机72的电力流和减小至发动机的燃料比率而实施。当第一电机56和第二电机72或发动机14中的任一个的监控的输入速度接近相应的连续的可保持的输入速度,以及来自于发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72的输入中的一个的速度变化增大并接近相应的速度分布时,优选地实施扭矩斜坡式下降策略。
所选的干预策略可随后退出(198),其中命令输入扭矩,即TA,TB和TI,恢复到实施干预策略之前存在的扭矩命令。退出干预策略取决于操作条件和实施的特定的干预策略。发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72的转速NI,NA和NB在执行所选的干预策略期间继续被监控(192)。当发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72的转速NI,NA和NB下降到预定阈值以下时,退出所选的干预策略(195)。优选地,用于从所选的干预策略退出的预定的阈值速度基于前述的来自于发动机14、第一电机56和第二电机72的阈值速度THR(NI),THR(NA)和THR(NB)。阈值速度THR(NI),THR(NA)和THR(NB)各优选地减少了预定的速度偏移,以引入滞后因素(hysteresis element)。可选的是,所选的干预策略可在逝去的时间段后退出,该时间段例如100毫秒(未示出)。
可理解的是,在本公开的范围内修改是允许的。本公开通过具体参考优选的实施例及其修改而进行了描述。在阅读和理解说明书之后,技术人员可想到其它的修改和变化。本公开意图包括所有这些修改和变化,只要这些修改和变化在本公开的范围内。
Claims (17)
1.一种用于控制动力系的方法,所述动力系包括机械地、操作地联接到内燃机上的机电式变速器和将机械功率有选择地传递到输出部件的电机,所述方法包括:
监控操作者输入;
确定所述内燃机和所述电机的输入速度和输入速度变化;
比较所述输入速度与阈值输入速度;
比较所述输入速度变化与阈值输入速度变化;并且
当所述输入速度和所述输入速度变化中的任一个超过相应的阈值时,减小所述内燃机和所述电机至所述变速器的输入扭矩。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括基于所述内燃机和所述电机的输入速度来减小所述内燃机和所述电机至所述变速器的输入扭矩。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括当所述输入速度和所述输入速度变化中的一个超过相应的阈值时,基本上立即将所述内燃机和所述电机的输入扭矩减小到零扭矩。
4.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括当所述输入速度和所述输入速度变化中的一个超过相应的阈值时,在预定的持续时间内斜坡式地减小所述内燃机和所述电机的输入扭矩。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括当所述输入速度和所述输入速度变化中的一个超过相应的阈值时,斜坡式地减小所述内燃机和所述电机中的一个的输入扭矩。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括当所述输入速度明显小于预定的速度阈值时,随后中止减小所述内燃机和所述电机至所述变速器的输入扭矩。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
确定所述内燃机和所述电机至所述变速器的输入扭矩;
比较所述输入扭矩与阈值输入扭矩;并且
当所述输入速度、所述输入速度变化和所述输入扭矩中的任一个超过相应的阈值时,减小所述内燃机和所述电机的输入扭矩。
8.一种用于控制动力系的操作的方法,所述动力系包括机械地、操作地联接到内燃机上的机电式变速器和将机械功率传递到输出部件的第一电机和第二电机,所述方法包括:
监控所述发动机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机的输入速度;
监控所述内燃机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机的操作;
确定所述内燃机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机的输入速度和输入速度变化;
比较所述输入速度与阈值输入速度;
比较所述输入速度变化与阈值输入速度变化;并且
当所述输入速度和所述输入速度变化中的任一个超过相应的阈值时,减小所述内燃机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机的功率输出。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
确定所述发动机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机的输入速度的时间比率变化,并且
当所述输入速度中的一个的时间比率变化超过预定的阈值时,减小所述内燃机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机的功率输出。
10.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
监控操作者输入和从所述发动机和所述电机至所述变速器的输入扭矩;并且
当来自于所述发动机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机中的一个的输入扭矩超过基于所述操作者输入和所述发动机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机的输入速度而确定的阈值输入扭矩时,减小所述内燃机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机的功率输出。
11.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括当所述输入速度小于预定的速度阈值时,中止减小所述内燃机、所述第一电机和第二电机的功率输出。
12.一种用于控制动力系的方法,所述动力系包括机械地、操作地联接到内燃机上的机电式变速器和将机械功率有选择地传递到输出部件的第一电机和第二电机,所述方法包括:
监控操作者输入;
监控所述内燃机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机的操作;
确定所述内燃机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机至所述变速器的输入速度、输入速度变化和输入扭矩;
比较所述输入速度与阈值输入速度;
比较所述输入速度变化与阈值输入速度变化;
比较所述输入扭矩与阈值输入扭矩;
当所述输入速度、所述输入速度变化和所述输入扭矩中的任一个超过相应的阈值时,减小所述内燃机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机的输入扭矩;并且
当所述输入速度明显小于所述阈值输入速度时,中止减小来自于所述内燃机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机的输入扭矩。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括基于所述内燃机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机的输入速度来减小所述内燃机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机的输入扭矩。
14.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括当所述输入速度、所述输入速度变化和所述输入扭矩中的一个超过相应的阈值时,基本上立即将所述内燃机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机的输入扭矩减小到零扭矩。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括当所述输入速度、所述输入速度变化和所述输入扭矩中的一个超过相应的阈值时,在预定的持续时间内斜坡式地减小所述内燃机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机的输入扭矩。
16.根据权利要求15所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括当所述输入速度、所述输入速度变化和所述输入扭矩中的一个超过相应的阈值时,斜坡式地减小所述内燃机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机中的一个的输入扭矩。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括改变所述内燃机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机的输入扭矩的斜坡式地减小。
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2008
- 2008-09-18 US US12/233,485 patent/US8281885B2/en active Active
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103987600A (zh) * | 2011-12-09 | 2014-08-13 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 混合动力汽车 |
CN103987600B (zh) * | 2011-12-09 | 2016-09-21 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 混合动力汽车 |
CN104875742A (zh) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-09-02 | 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | 双模混合动力汽车的坡起控制方法、***及混合动力汽车 |
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US8281885B2 (en) | 2012-10-09 |
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