CN101429616A - Ductile cast iron and its smelting process and usage - Google Patents
Ductile cast iron and its smelting process and usage Download PDFInfo
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- CN101429616A CN101429616A CNA200810231414XA CN200810231414A CN101429616A CN 101429616 A CN101429616 A CN 101429616A CN A200810231414X A CNA200810231414X A CN A200810231414XA CN 200810231414 A CN200810231414 A CN 200810231414A CN 101429616 A CN101429616 A CN 101429616A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nodular cast iron, a smelting process thereof and application thereof. The nodular cast iron has the following chemical components in weight percent: 3.2 to 3.9 percent of carbon, 2.0 to 3.2 percent of silicon, 0.2 to 0.6 percent of manganese, not more than 0.03 percent of sulfur, not more than 0.05 percent of phosphorus, 0.15 to 0.50 percent of chromium, 0.2 to 0.8 percent of copper, not more than 0.002 percent of stibium, 0.03 to 0.06 percent of residual magnesium, 0.02 to 0.05 percent of residual rare earth, and the balance being iron and a small amount of concomitant impurities. The invention reduces the production cost of the nodular cast iron material used for a sintering apparatus in the prior art, and the nodular cast iron material has higher high temperature deformation resistance, thermal fatigue resistance and anti-oxidation growth performance; and for a large sinterer pallet made of the nodular cast iron material, the high temperature performance is improved, and the maintenance period and the service life are prolonged. The nodular cast iron is applicable to the steel equipment manufacturing industry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the material technology field, specifically relate to a kind of novel ductile cast iron material and produce the technology of this ductile cast iron material and the purposes of this ductile cast iron material.
Background technology
Along with the fast development day by day of China's Iron And Steel Industry; closely during the last ten years; agglomerating plant adheres to walking the road of equipment enlarging, mass-producing, automation development, makes the sintering unit have characteristics such as level of automation height, immunity from interference is strong, stable, quality is high, energy consumption is low.Around this thinking of development, iron and steel enterprise with good conditionsi progressively realizes the maximization of agglomerating plant, and relevantly design, manufacturing sector all improves the reliability of raising equipment and the life-span of component making great efforts, this also is the important foundation of adhering to equipment enlarging.Therefore, the research and the production of the industrial and mineral spare of relate to the research of heat-resistant piece and production, especially under particular industry production environment condition, working, it is more meaningful just to seem.
The use properties of sintering pallet is directly connected to the ordinary production and the turnaround of sinter machine.During the sinter machine operation, the chassis working condition is very abominable, withstand temp is high and inhomogeneous, the constantly experience heating between 100～800 ℃ of scopes of its working temperature, refrigerative circulation, when standing cyclic thermal stres, also bear periodic mechanical stress, also to bear the impact of furnace charge, the erosion of furnace gas, over-all properties such as therefore require transfer table body of sintering engine must have good high-temperature intensity, anti-deforming ability, thermal fatigue resistance and anti-oxidant growth, heat shock resistance and under the pulsating stress effect, not crack.Tensile strength 〉=500Mpa, unit elongation 〉=10%, 850 ℃ following oxidation V-bar is less than 0.70g/m
2H, 800 ℃ of following growth rates are less than 0.15%.
Sintering pallet did not have the variation of essence in configuration aspects in recent years, and the innovative approach of mainly taking is: 1, company of Japanese Nippon Steel and France are devoted to increase the useful area of sinter machine in neat Nore Societe des Acieries et Laminoires de Lorraine; 2, the No.4 of Kawasaki, Japan island factory sinter machine, Britain Redcar factory are devoted to thick bed of material operation respectively.The enforcement of above-mentioned measure has higher requirement for the life-span of sinter machine.Aspect the life-span that prolongs sintering pallet, taking some corresponding measures aspect the sintering process as Japan, Korea S, USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), as on the major-minor beam of trolley body, setting up the dottle pin cover, reduce the thermal conduction of agglomerate to the chassis beam.Aspect the transfer table body of sintering engine material, generally adopt cast steel and spheroidal graphite cast iron, the various ductile cast iron materials of the most employings of external large scale sintering machine trolley, especially the sintering pallet of Japan adopts and contains the manufacturing of molybdenum ductile cast iron material, and result of use is more satisfactory.The chassis standard of materials that China makes has also adopted spheroidal graphite cast iron.
The technological difficulties of producing the large scale sintering machine trolley are how to satisfy the service requirements of pallet at abominable working environment, select suitable material chemical ingredients, at present, domestic how tame professional production producer, or the conventional composition explained hereafter (promptly containing the manufacturing of molybdenum ductile cast iron material) of continuity textbook, but production cost is too high, can't adapt to market pressure; Or ward off shortcut in addition, crucial composition molybdenum in the middle of reducing, but the chassis of producing is after short-term is used, and promptly thick large part cracks distortion in the end, and serious problems such as waist, fracture are stepped in the centre, and technology does not pass a test.Domestic still do not have the deep layer research that research unit specializes in this project.Price based on molybdenum is very expensive, presses for to develop a kind of New Type Material, promptly guarantees the economy of production cost, the work-ing life of guaranteeing to satisfy the large scale sintering machine trolley again.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of spheroidal graphite cast iron of New Type Material, reduce the production cost that is used for the ductile cast iron material of agglomerating plant in the prior art, make this ductile cast iron material have higher high temperature deformation resistance, thermal fatigue resistance, anti-oxidant growth performance simultaneously.
For achieving the above object, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
Ductile cast iron material of the present invention, based on the cast iron gross weight, by weight percentage, the chemical ingredients of this ductile cast iron material is: carbon: 3.2～3.9%, silicon: 2.0～3.2%, manganese: 0.2～0.6%, sulphur is not more than 0.03%, phosphorus is not more than 0.05%, chromium: 0.15～0.50%, copper: 0.2～0.8%, antimony is not more than: remaining magnesium 0.002%: 0.03～0.06%, residual Re: 0.02～0.05%, surplus is that iron and trace are followed impurity, and spheroidal graphite cast iron of the present invention does not contain expensive metal molybdenum.
Another object of the present invention provides the smelting technology of described spheroidal graphite cast iron, this process using cupola furnace is smelted, the stokehold raw material adopts the pig iron, pure steel scrap and high carbon ferro-chrome, by weight: the pig iron: pure steel scrap: high carbon ferro-chrome is 445:55:2.3, described high carbon ferro-chrome adopts the FeCr55C1000 that meets standard GB/T 5683-1987, and the described pig iron adopts the Q12 pig iron; Raw material comprises nodulizing agent, nucleating agent and fine copper bits behind the stove; It is the yttrium-base heavy rare earth ferrosilicon magnesium composite nodulizer of 10～30mm that described nodulizing agent adopts granularity, and add-on is 20 kilograms of molten iron per ton; Described nucleating agent adopts the FeSi75 that meets standard GB/T2272-1987, and add-on is 14.5 kilograms of molten iron per ton.
Another object of the present invention provides the purposes of spheroidal graphite cast iron of the present invention, exactly spheroidal graphite cast iron of the present invention is used to make the agglomerating plant that the smelting iron and steel industry is used specifically.Further, spheroidal graphite cast iron of the present invention is used to make the large scale sintering machine trolley, the car body, headstock and the breast board that specifically are exactly the large scale sintering machine trolley adopt described spheroidal graphite cast iron manufacturing, have improved the high-temperature behavior of trolley body, have prolonged chassis maintenance cycle and work-ing life.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention is by adding certain proportion chromium, copper alloy element, obtained a kind of novel spheroidal graphite cast iron material with good ambient temperature mechanical properties and resistance toheat, be applicable to air, furnace gas medium in the hope of reaching, higher comprehensive mechanical property is arranged, satisfied the service requirements of large scale sintering machine trolley.Its principle is for utilizing silicon intensive graphitizability, and the effect of the chromium formation carbide that neutralized has guaranteed that cementite content is less than 0.5% in the tissue.Utilize chromium and copper to promote the ability that perlite generates, remedied silicon and promoted the shortcoming that ferrite generates, make the matrix content of pearlite in alloy be no less than 40%, and the both there is the ability of high-temperature oxidation resistant growth, make the trolley body material obtain good tissue and performance.Can confirm by further investigation and a large amount of comparative test: adopt silicon, chromium, copper to cooperate and replaced expensive Mo element, good organization and performance have been obtained, satisfied the working condition requirement of sintering pallet, sintering pallet mechanical performance index (nodulizing grade of tensile strength, unit elongation, oxidation V-bar, growth rate, matrix, cementite content, graphite, graphite pebbles size) all contains molybdenum spheroidal graphite cast iron above the QT500-7 trade mark, has significantly reduced the chassis cost.
The present invention compares with traditional method, has the following advantage that has:
1, in order to reach the high-temperature behavior of trolley body, the alloying element of Jia Ruing was molybdenum and copper in the past, but the price comparison height of present molybdenum, so research replaces molybdenum with chromium, and suitably adjust silicon and copper content, make the tissue of adjusting the back material and tissue and the performance requriements that performance meets and exceeds original material, thereby significantly reduce production costs.
2, the present invention has fundamentally solved the Transfer Table Body of Sintering Engine knotty problem phenomenons such as easily stepping on waist, crackle, distortion that is in operation and has taken place, make it have anti-deforming, thermal fatigue resistance, anti-oxidant growth performance, significantly prolong its life-span, expectation can reach more than 10 years, sintering process is stablized smooth and easy more, has realized the dual purpose of the prolonging overhaul period and the reduction cost of overhaul.
Other advantages of the present invention, target and feature will be set forth to a certain extent in the following description, and to a certain extent, based on being conspicuous to those skilled in the art, perhaps can obtain instruction from the practice of the present invention to investigating hereinafter.Target of the present invention and other advantages can realize and obtain by specifically noted structure in specification sheets, claims or the accompanying drawing.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Feed in raw material by (batch of material) behind the stove in the present embodiment: Q12# pig iron 445Kg, pure steel scrap 55Kg, high carbon ferro-chrome (FeCr55C1000) 2.3Kg.Feed in raw material by (4.6t/ stove) in the stokehold: nodulizing agent 92Kg, nucleating agent 66.7Kg, fine copper bits 23.1Kg.
The employing of present embodiment spheriodizing technique is covered bag method spheriodizing technique and is carried out spheroidizing, promptly places a clad with fixed point diversion function in the 5t spheroidizing portion of wrapping, and has guaranteed the accuracy of the position that molten iron injects.The dykes and dams of 1/2D are built at the bag end, the opposite direction that pours at molten iron add successively 92kg yttrium-base heavy rare earth ferrosilicon magnesium composite nodulizer (granularity 10～30mm), plain; 41.4kg nucleating agent (FeSi75 granularity 20～30mm), 23.1kg fine copper bits shakeout the reality of pounding; An amount of desulfurization soda ash, iron filings, insulating covering agent.Nodulizing agent, nucleating agent, fine copper bits, iron filings all need be preheating to about 200 ℃, and it is too early that above-mentioned metallic substance must not add the bag end, begin to add after forehearth is seen slag; Adopt repeatedly Instant Stream Inoculation Process, inoculation adopts FeSi75 to breed for many times, for the first time be to add 41.4kg (granularity 20～30mm) at the bottom of the above-mentioned bag, add 18.4kg (granularity 5～10mm) with the iron notch flowing molten iron for the second time, silica flour breeds adding 6.9kg (granularity is less than 1mm) with watering beam for the third time, and the nodularization temperature is controlled at 1390～1420 ℃.This technology nodularization stable reaction, Mg specific absorption height, nodularization is effective.Component content and the mechanical property such as the table 1 of the spheroidal graphite cast iron of present embodiment refining.
Embodiment 2:
Feed in raw material by (batch of material) behind the stove in the present embodiment: Q12# pig iron 445Kg, pure steel scrap 55Kg, high carbon ferro-chrome (FeCr55C1000) 2.3Kg.Feed in raw material by (4.3 tons of molten iron/stoves) in the stokehold: nodulizing agent 86Kg, nucleating agent 62.35Kg, fine copper bits 21.7Kg.
The employing of present embodiment spheriodizing technique is covered bag method spheriodizing technique and is carried out spheroidizing, promptly places a clad with fixed point diversion function in the 5t spheroidizing portion of wrapping, and has guaranteed the accuracy of the position that molten iron injects.The dykes and dams of 1/2D are built at the bag end, the opposite direction that pours at molten iron add successively 86kg yttrium-base heavy rare earth ferrosilicon magnesium composite nodulizer (granularity 10～30mm), plain; 38.7kg nucleating agent (FeSi75 granularity 20～30mm), 21.7kg fine copper bits shakeout the reality of pounding; An amount of desulfurization soda ash, iron filings, insulating covering agent.Nodulizing agent, nucleating agent, fine copper bits, iron filings all need be preheating to about 200 ℃, and it is too early that above-mentioned metallic substance must not add the bag end, begin to add after forehearth is seen slag; Adopt repeatedly Instant Stream Inoculation Process, inoculation adopts FeSi75 to breed for many times, for the first time be to add 38.7kg (granularity 20～30mm) at the bottom of the above-mentioned bag, add 17.2kg (granularity 5～10mm) with the iron notch flowing molten iron for the second time, silica flour breeds adding 6.45kg (granularity is less than 1mm) with watering beam for the third time, and the nodularization temperature is controlled at 1390～1420 ℃.This technology nodularization stable reaction, Mg specific absorption height, nodularization is effective.Component content and the mechanical property such as the table 1 of the spheroidal graphite cast iron of present embodiment refining.
Embodiment 3:
Feed in raw material by (batch of material) behind the stove in the present embodiment: Q12# pig iron 445Kg, pure steel scrap 55Kg, high carbon ferro-chrome (FeCr55C1000) 2.3Kg.Feed in raw material by (4.5 tons of molten iron/stoves) in the stokehold: nodulizing agent 90.5Kg, nucleating agent 65.25Kg, fine copper bits 22.3Kg.
The employing of present embodiment spheriodizing technique is covered bag method spheriodizing technique and is carried out spheroidizing, promptly places a clad with fixed point diversion function in the 5t spheroidizing portion of wrapping, and has guaranteed the accuracy of the position that molten iron injects.The dykes and dams of 1/2D are built at the bag end, the opposite direction that pours at molten iron add successively 90.5kg yttrium-base heavy rare earth ferrosilicon magnesium composite nodulizer (granularity 10～30mm), plain; 40.5kg nucleating agent (FeSi75 granularity 20～30mm), 21.7kg fine copper bits shakeout the reality of pounding; An amount of desulfurization soda ash, iron filings, insulating covering agent.Nodulizing agent, nucleating agent, fine copper bits, iron filings all need be preheating to about 200 ℃, and it is too early that above-mentioned metallic substance must not add the bag end, begin to add after forehearth is seen slag; Adopt repeatedly Instant Stream Inoculation Process, inoculation adopts FeSi75 to breed for many times, for the first time be to add 40.5kg (granularity 20～30mm) at the bottom of the above-mentioned bag, add 18kg (granularity 5～10mm) with the iron notch flowing molten iron for the second time, silica flour breeds adding 6.75kg (granularity is less than 1mm) with watering beam for the third time, and the nodularization temperature is controlled at 1390～1420 ℃.This technology nodularization stable reaction, Mg specific absorption height, nodularization is effective.Component content and the mechanical property such as the table 1 of the spheroidal graphite cast iron of present embodiment refining.
The chemical ingredients and the mechanical property of the spheroidal graphite cast iron of table 1 embodiment refining
In the foregoing description, substitute Mo, and adjust the add-on scope of silicon, copper alloy, not only guaranteed economy, and made it have anti-deforming, thermal fatigue resistance, anti-oxidant growth performance with Cr.Mechanical performance index all reaches and has surpassed the project goal in research after testing: σ b 〉=500Mpa, δ 〉=10%, oxidation V-bar: 0.61g/m
2H, growth rate: 0.14%, matrix contains 40%～60% perlite, and cementite content is less than 0.5%, and the nodulizing grade of graphite reaches 1～3 grade, and the graphite pebbles size reaches 6～7 grades.
Since in January, 2006, the peace steel is just around 400m
2The manufacturing problem of sintering pallet has been carried out the development tackling key problem, through repeatedly manufacturing experimently, checking, optimization design the trolley body Chemical Composition, the final batch process in batches succeedd, the Transfer Table Body of Sintering Engine knotty problems such as yielding, crackle that are in operation have been solved, 141 sintering pallets of peace steel test manufacture, in January, 07 at 400m
2On probation on the sinter machine, from present behaviour in service, do not have phenomenons such as stepping on waist, crackle, distortion and take place, operational excellence, predicted life can reach more than 10 years, the 500m that the preparation of peace steel starts
2Sintering pallet also will adopt this technology to manufacture by machine-processed company.
Explanation is at last, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, other modifications that those of ordinary skills make technical scheme of the present invention or be equal to replacement, only otherwise break away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. spheroidal graphite cast iron, it is characterized in that: based on the cast iron gross weight, by weight percentage, the chemical ingredients of this ductile cast iron material is: carbon: 3.2～3.9%, silicon: 2.0～3.2%, manganese: 0.2～0.6%, sulphur is not more than 0.03%, phosphorus is not more than 0.05%, chromium: 0.15～0.50%, copper: 0.2～0.8%, antimony is not more than: remaining magnesium 0.002%: 0.03～0.06%, residual Re: 0.02～0.05%, and surplus is that iron and trace are followed impurity.
2. the smelting technology of a described spheroidal graphite cast iron, the employing cupola furnace is smelted, it is characterized in that: raw material adopts the pig iron, pure steel scrap and high carbon ferro-chrome behind the stove, by weight: the pig iron: pure steel scrap: high carbon ferro-chrome is 445:55:2.3, described high carbon ferro-chrome adopts FeCr55C1000, and the described pig iron adopts the Q12 pig iron; The stokehold raw material comprises nodulizing agent, nucleating agent and fine copper bits; It is the yttrium-base heavy rare earth ferrosilicon magnesium composite nodulizer of 10～30mm that described nodulizing agent adopts granularity, and add-on is 20 kilograms of molten iron per ton; Described nucleating agent adopts FeSi75, and add-on is 14.5 kilograms of molten iron per ton.
3. the purposes of described spheroidal graphite cast iron is characterized in that: described spheroidal graphite cast iron is used to make the agglomerating plant that the smelting iron and steel industry is used.
4. the purposes of spheroidal graphite cast iron according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the car body of large scale sintering machine trolley, headstock and breast board adopt described spheroidal graphite cast iron manufacturing.
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| CN102251169A (en) * | 2011-07-07 | 2011-11-23 | 无锡小天鹅精密铸造有限公司 | Smelting ingredients of support |
| CN102260819A (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2011-11-30 | 南通宏德机电有限公司 | As-cast thick and large section pearlite based nodular cast iron material |
| CN102268589A (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2011-12-07 | 宁波日星铸业有限公司 | Wheel hub of wind turbine generator system (WTGS) |
| CN102912065A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2013-02-06 | 博爱县汽车配件制造有限公司 | Method for producing nodular cast iron |
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| CN103334048A (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2013-10-02 | 燕山大学 | Crack-resistant ductile iron for sintering machine fence and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN102912065A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2013-02-06 | 博爱县汽车配件制造有限公司 | Method for producing nodular cast iron |
| CN103182487B (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2015-11-25 | 宁波大榭信易电热有限公司 | A kind of production method of the iron castings containing rare earth element |
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