CN101417387B - Short stage preparation method of multi-layer metal composite plate - Google Patents

Short stage preparation method of multi-layer metal composite plate Download PDF

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CN101417387B
CN101417387B CN2008102390463A CN200810239046A CN101417387B CN 101417387 B CN101417387 B CN 101417387B CN 2008102390463 A CN2008102390463 A CN 2008102390463A CN 200810239046 A CN200810239046 A CN 200810239046A CN 101417387 B CN101417387 B CN 101417387B
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composite
composite plate
blank
layer metal
rolling
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CN101417387A (en
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韩静涛
韩大京
鲍善勤
王黎辉
解国良
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SICHUAN XINDING NEW MATERIALS CO., LTD.
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韩静涛
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Abstract

The invention relates to a short-process preparation method of a multi-layer metal composite plate and belongs to the technical field of short-process preparation of metal composite plates. The technology is characterized in that a corresponding centrifugal casting composite tube blank is chosen through calculation according to the innerlayer and outerlayer components and dimensional requirement of a finished product; the composite tube blank is dissected into 2 to 10 tile shapes along the direction of a vertical axis, with a fan-shaped cross section, and the central angle Alpha is 40 to 120 degrees; the blank cut is put into a heating furnace to be heated with the heating temperature of 1050 to 1280 DEG C and the time at maximum temperature of 0.5 to 5 hours; composite plates with various specifications are manufactured through hot rolling transformation; and a sheet metal is continued to be cold-rolled and transformed to produce the sheet metal with the thickness of 0.1 to 3mm. The technology is short in process, simple in operation, and high in bonding strength of layers of the composite plate produced and eliminates the nonuniform phenomenon of interface organization through the technologies of heating and transformation.

Description

A kind of short process making method of multi-layer metal composite plate
Technical field
The invention belongs to the short flow preparation technical field of composite metal plate, a kind of short process making method of multi-layer metal composite plate particularly is provided, be directed to the composite metal plate that industries such as pressure vessel, cutter, petrochemical industry are used.
Background technology
Composite metal plate is by two or more different materials (like various alloys such as carbon steel, stainless steel, copper, aluminium, titanium, nickel); Be combined into one through various interconnection techniques; Have the advanced composite material (ACM) of layers of material advantage concurrently; Compare with traditional single-layer metal plate, two-layer or multi-layer metal composite plate can be saved the consumption of valuable alloy on the one hand, also can have good comprehensive performances on the other hand.For example, metal that intensity is higher and toughness preferred metal are carried out compound, and be unified mutually between the bulk strength that can make composite plate and the toughness, can be used to produce pressure vessel and cutter etc.; With stainless steel or corrosion resistant alloy and mechanical property preferably low-alloy steel carry out compoundly, can improve the corrosion resistance of composite plate, prolong its service life; Metal such as the aluminium that the conductive and heat-conductive ability is strong, copper and general steel plate carry out compound, can also make composite plate have unique electric conductivity.Composite metal plate has been widely used in industries such as oil, chemical industry, desalinization, salt manufacturing, nuclear industry, food service industry, water conservancy projects construction.
At present, domestic and international reported composite plate production technology is more, and the preparation method who relates generally to has: weld compound, rolling compound, composite electroplated, powder metallurgic method and casting composite algorithm etc.But these composite plate production methods are difficult to reach the unification of the whole mechanical property of bond strength and composite plate between the metal level.For example, the welding composite algorithm comprises soldering and explosive welding etc., can the bigger composite plate of production specification, but owing to there is the heat affected area, and layer and layer between the zone of not seam appears easily, influenced its boundary strength.Qiu Changyi is at Chinese well mine salt, and 33 (4): 31～33,2002; In the production of explosive metal composite plate and the use in salt industry, related to explosion cladding process and prepared the double-level-metal composite plate, the instantaneous pressure impulse load that produces through blast loads on the sheet material; Loading stress forms the zigzag metallurgical binding apparently higher than the yield strength of metal material between the metal material faying face, interface bond strength is higher; But the technological parameter of this method is difficult to accurate control; Be not suitable for the more multiple tube of the production number of plies, and construction environment is abominable, causes environmental pollution easily.By contrast, the hot rolling compounding efficiency is higher, but will clear up, process each layer metallic plate before rolling, is welded into slab then, and technological process is longer.The composite metal plate that casting method is produced, the bond strength between each layer metal is higher than the above two, but the comprehensive mechanical property of as-cast structure is relatively poor.In addition, the technology difficulty of powder metallurgy process is bigger, and the composite bed thickness that composite electroplated method is produced is less, has limited its extent of spreading amd application.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of short process making method of multi-layer metal composite plate; Overcome the not high shortcoming of complex process, bond strength that exists in the composite plate production technology; Can be used for preparing the very high multi-layer metal composite plate of bond strength; Number of metal wherein can reach 2～5 layers, and has shortened the technological process of production greatly.
The present invention is used for producing the composite plate that 2～5 layers of thick metal of 0.1mm～65mm are formed, and its production technology is:
1, according to the ectonexine composition and the dimensional requirement of finished product, selects corresponding spun casting composite pipe blank through calculating;
2, along y direction composite pipe blank is split into 2～10 tile, cross section is fan-shaped composite plate blank, and central angle alpha is 40 °～120 °;
3, the blank after will cutting is put into heating furnace and is heated, and heating-up temperature is between 1050 ℃～1280 ℃, and temperature retention time is 0.5～5h;
4,, process the composite plate of each specification through hot rolling deformation; For the thin plate of thickness between 0.1mm～3mm, then proceed cold roller and deformed.
Spun casting composite pipe blank of the present invention is 2～5 layers, and centrifugal pipe should pass through the cutting of inner and outer surface layers, and cutting output is respectively: internal layer is 5mm～8mm; Skin is 3mm～5mm.The composition of composite pipe blank should be corresponding one by one with product, and the size of specification and each layer can be estimated by each layer thickness of finished product composite plate.Generally speaking, in order to reduce the blank radian behind the subdivision, the spun casting pipe specification of selecting usually is between Φ 600mm～Φ 3000mm, and thickness is 80mm～500mm.
For the composite plate that three-layer metal is formed,, select whole specification (the blank external diameter R of blank according to the gross thickness H (with reference to Fig. 3) of finished product and the total deformation of design 3With internal diameter R i).Then, can estimate the size of composite pipe blank according to following formula:
R 1 2 - R i 2 R 2 2 - R 1 2 = h 1 h 2 R 2 2 - R 1 2 R 3 2 - R 2 2 = h 2 h 3 - - - ( 1 )
R1, R2, R3 are each place, bed boundary radius corresponding (specifically seeing Fig. 1,2) of multiple tube blank, h 1, h 2, h 3Be respectively the thickness of each layer of finished product composite plate.
Situation for multilayer pipe (number of plies is n):
R 1 2 - R i 2 R 2 2 - R 1 2 = h 1 h 2 Λ R n 2 - R n - 1 2 R n + 1 2 - R n 2 = h n h n + 1 - - - ( 2 )
R nBe the surface radii of n layer metal pipe, h nThen be the thickness of composite plate n layer (portion is outside by the heart).
Rolling deformation of the present invention is meant through hot rolling deformation, is that fan-shaped blank planishes and be rolled into the composite plate that thickness is 3mm～65mm with cross section; For the composite plate that ferrous metals is formed, rolling temperature is between 1250 ℃～750 ℃;
For the composite plate that other metal (like non-ferrous metals such as copper, titaniums) is formed, its heat distortion temperature scope is according to its melting point metal T rConfirm, get 0.4T r～0.7T rBetween.
Described blank planishes, and mainly is through the reversible hot rolling deformation of 2～4 passages, is to be that fan-shaped blank flattens with cross section, and vertical aligning, and its drafts should be less, and general actual drafts is 5%～15%.For the relatively poor particulate metal of some thermoplasticity, can adopt the method for forging that it is flattened, actual drafts is 5%～15%.
Described hot rolling, preceding one or two passage can add aximal deformation value, adopts 40%～70% drafts, makes as-cast structure fully broken, makes structure refinement through crystallization again.2～10 passages subsequently can suitably reduce about drafts to 30%～50%, repeat-rolling.Last 2～4 reductions in pass should reduce, and maintain 5%～30%, meet the requirements of size until thickness of slab.
For cut deal and slab, for guaranteeing plate shape and satisfying width requirement, after 1～4 passage of vertical rolling mistake, slab turned 90 ° after, transversely rolling 1～4 passage.Again slab is turned 90 ° at last, along the original final size that vertically is rolled down to.
Described cold rolling, for the situation of finished product thickness about less than 3mm, can carry out composite plate after the hot rolling cold rolling, to guarantee surface quality and dimensional accuracy.
Cold rollingly carry out according to the mode of production of common thin plate basically, just when selecting cold rolling drafts, not only will consider to be out of shape the requirement with board quality, also will consider the influence of performance difference between the sheet-metal layers.Composite plate for double layer of metal is formed because the intensity of double layer of metal is different, can cause having residual stress along thickness direction behind the rolling deformation, and sheet material can bend when residual stress arrived certain critical value.(curve of σ-ε) just can be confirmed the pairing deflection ε of residual stress critical value according to the mechanical property of double layer of metal up and down Max, every time maximum deformation quantity just.And the composite plate of forming for three-layer metal, when two composition of layer were identical especially up and down, the stress distribution of thickness direction was symmetrical, corresponding reduction in pass can be greatly.
The invention has the advantages that:
Simple to operate, flow process weak point; Need not to carry out big scrap build, feasibility is big.Compare with traditional hot rolling compounding method, avoided rolling before to the welding of cleaning, surface treatment and the composite plate blanks of each layer metallic plate and assembling in advance, simplified production process greatly.This method has been utilized the advantage of casting composite, earlier through the liquid phase fusion, makes it bond strength through hot rolling deformation again and further improves between each layer of composite plate.And compare with the composite plate that simple casting method is produced, organizing of this composite plate is more evenly tiny, and comprehensive mechanical property is good.Simultaneously, the production cycle of this method is shorter relatively, and production efficiency is higher, has great application and promotional value.
And the present invention is through the control to strand heating process, and near the tissue odds the fused layers that has produced when having eliminated casting spares zone (macro manifestations is " bright band "); Utilize the pyroplastic deformation of moderate finite deformation amount, the interface binding ability that makes composite plate and whole structure property all be greatly improved (with reference to Fig. 6,7).
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the cross sectional representation (is example with the three-layer metal) of composite pipe blank;
Fig. 2 is the shape sketch map (is example with the three-layer metal) of composite pipe blank;
Fig. 3 is the blank sketch map (is example with the three-layer metal) behind the multiple tube subdivision;
Fig. 4 is finished product sketch map (is example with the three-layer metal) after the composite plate roll forming;
Fig. 5 is technological process of production figure of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the figure of composite plate cross section tissue among the embodiment 1;
Fig. 7 is the composite plate Interface Microstructure figure among the embodiment 1;
The specific embodiment:
The production of the composite plate that the present invention can be used for being combined between the multiple metal, the practical implementation instance is following:
Embodiment 1:
Outer and internal layer is 2Cr13, and the intermediate layer is the three-layer metal composite plate of 9Cr18MoV, and each layer metal thickness ratio is in its finished product: h1:h2:h3=2:1:2, hot rolled plate H=3mm, cold-reduced sheet H=0.2mm.
Concrete production stage is following:
1) selects centrifugally cast composite pipe blank.Composite pipe blank internal layer, skin are 2Cr13, and the intermediate layer is 9Cr18MoV.Adopt the centrifugal strand of Φ 700 series, outer radius R 3Be 350mm, internal diameter R iBe 250mm.Can be according to formula (1) in the hope of, R 1=313.8mm, R 2=294.1mm, the thickness of composite pipe blank are 100mm.According to these compositions, dimensional requirement, can select corresponding pipe.
2) composite pipe blank is become three parts along its axial subdivision, the central angle alpha of every part is about 120 ° (also can be split into 4 parts, every part central angle alpha is 90 °).
3) blank after will cutting is put into heating furnace and is heated, and heating-up temperature is 1080 ± 20 ℃, and temperature retention time is 2.5h.
4) pair cross-section is that fan-shaped blank carries out the hot rolling of a plurality of passages on milling train, processes the composite plate that requires specification, and the breaking down temperature is 1080 ℃, and finishing temperature is 800 ℃, comprising:
1. blank flattens.Through vertical reversible rolling of 4 passages, with the fan shaped cross section leveling, actual drafts is 10%;
2. hot rolling.Preceding 1 passage adopts 50% drafts, makes as-cast structure fully broken, makes structure refinement through crystallization again.Can suitably reduce about drafts to 30% in 3 passages subsequently, be about 10mm until slab thickness;
3. last 5 reductions in pass should reduce, and maintain about 20%, and suitably adjust roll gap, reach 3mm until thickness of slab;
4. cut edge.According to width requirement, with the inhomogeneous part excision of composite plate both sides;
5) cold rolling.Continue cold rollingly with being rolled into composite plate behind the 3mm, cold rolling first reduction in pass, 40%, the second reduction in pass 30% reduces roll gap, subsequently gradually until final thickness 0.2mm.

Claims (6)

1. the short process making method of a multi-layer metal composite plate is used for producing the composite plate that 2～5 layers of thick metal of 0.1mm～65mm are formed, and it is characterized in that: production stage is:
(1) according to the ectonexine composition and the dimensional requirement of finished product, selects corresponding spun casting composite pipe blank through calculating;
(2) along y direction composite pipe blank is split into 3 or 4 tile, cross section is fan-shaped composite plate blank, and central angle alpha is 120 ° or 90 °;
(3) blank after will cutting is put into heating furnace and is heated, and heating-up temperature is between 1050 ℃～1280 ℃, and temperature retention time is 0.5～5h;
(4), process the composite plate of each specification through hot rolling deformation; For thin plate, then proceed the thin plate of cold roller and deformed production thickness between 0.1mm～3mm;
Described hot rolling deformation is through being that fan-shaped blank planishes and the composite plate that thickness is 3mm～65mm is processed in hot rolling with cross section; For the composite plate that ferrous metals is formed, rolling temperature is between 1250 ℃～750 ℃; For the composite plate of copper or titanium composition, its heat distortion temperature scope is according to its melting point metal T rConfirm, get 0.4T r～0.7T rBetween.
2. according to the short process making method of the described multi-layer metal composite plate of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described spun casting composite pipe blank is 2～5 layers, and centrifugal pipe is through the cutting of inner and outer surface layers, and cutting output is respectively: internal layer is 5mm～8mm; Skin is 3mm～5mm.
3. according to the short process making method of claim 1 or 2 described multi-layer metal composite plates; It is characterized in that: it is through the reversible hot rolling deformation of 2～4 passages that described blank planishes; With cross section is that fan-shaped blank flattens, and vertically aligns, and drafts is 5%～15%; For the relatively poor metal of thermoplasticity, adopt the method for forging that it is flattened, actual drafts is 5%～15%.
4. according to the short process making method of claim 1 or 2 described multi-layer metal composite plates, it is characterized in that: described hot rolling, preceding 1～2 passage are 40%～70% drafts, and 2～10 reductions in pass subsequently are 30%～50%, repeat-rolling; Last 2～4 reductions in pass maintain 5%～30%, meet the requirements of size until thickness of slab.
5. according to the short process making method of claim 1 or 2 described multi-layer metal composite plates; It is characterized in that: described hot rolling; For cut deal and slab, for guaranteeing plate shape and satisfying width requirement, after 1～4 passage of vertical rolling mistake; After slab turned 90 °, transversely rolling 1～4 passage; Again slab is turned 90 ° at last, along the original final size that vertically is rolled down to.
6. according to the short process making method of claim 1 or 2 described multi-layer metal composite plates, it is characterized in that: described cold rolling be for the situation of finished product thickness less than 3mm, composite plate after the hot rolling is carried out cold rolling, to guarantee surface quality and dimensional accuracy; The cold rolling mode of production according to common thin plate is carried out, and according to the mechanical property σ-ε curve of each layer metal, confirms the pairing deflection ε of residual stress critical value Max, be exactly every time maximum deformation quantity.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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DE102015111096A1 (en) * 2015-07-09 2017-01-12 Benteler Steel/Tube Gmbh Process for the preparation of a seamless, multi-layered tube product and round or polygonal block for use in this process

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015111096A1 (en) * 2015-07-09 2017-01-12 Benteler Steel/Tube Gmbh Process for the preparation of a seamless, multi-layered tube product and round or polygonal block for use in this process
DE102015111096B4 (en) 2015-07-09 2018-04-26 Benteler Steel/Tube Gmbh Process for producing a seamless, multi-layer pipe product

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